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Pcr 311 Course Title: Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COURSE CODE: PCR 311 COURSE TITLE: PHILOSOPHIES AND GREAT PERSONALITIES OF PEACE PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace COURSE GUIDE PCR 311: PHILOSOPHIES AND GREAT PERSONALITIES OF PEACE Course Developer/Writer: Dr. Salawu M. L. A. Course Editor: Dr. O. B. Olaoba Peace and Conflict Studies Department Institute of African Studies University of Ibadan. Course Co-ordinator: Durojaye Oyedolapo Babatunde School of Art and Social Sciences National Open University of Nigeria ii PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14\16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria lsland Lagos Abuja Annex 245 Samuel Adesujo Ademulegun Street Central Business District Opposite Arewa suites Abuja E- mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng National Open University of Nigeria ……… First Printed ……….. ISBN: All Rights Reserved Printed by ………………. For National Open University of Nigeria 2009 iii PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace CONTENTS PAGES Introduction … … … … … … … … 1 What you will learn in this course … … … … … 1 Course aims … … … … … … … … 2 Course objectives … … … … … … … … 2 Working through this course … … … … … … 3 Course materials … … … … … … … … 3 Study units … … … … … … … … … 4 Set textbooks … … … … … … … … 5 Assignment file … … … … … … … … 5 Course Overview … … … … … … … … 6 Assessment … … … … … … … … 7 Tutor-Marked assignments (TMAs) … … … … … 7 Final Examination and grading … … … … … 7 Course marking scheme … … … … … … … 8 How to get the most from this course … … … … 8 Tutors and tutorials … … … … … … … 9 Summary … … … … … … … … … 10 iv PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace Introduction PCR 311: Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace, introduces you to the concept of philosophy and the rise to prominence in Nigeria, Africa, and the global community at large, of those who emerged as Great Personalities of Peace. Their biographical data, philosophies, ideals of peace facilitation, enduring lessons and challenges which put them in the category of great personalities of peace were adequately covered. It is a 3-credit units’ course and quite rich and simplified in content. At the end of the course, you are expected to have adequate grasp of the concept of philosophies, the evolution of great personalities of peace, analogy and diversity in African, Western and Eastern philosophies, principle of non-violence as a philosophy, and an in- depth diplomacy to achieve a win-win outcome. In short, you will be equipped with the wherewithal to face those daunting scourges of the human race. This is necessary because in our everyday interactions, we are faced with various types of challenges. It is inevitable that we have to make choices among contending options. There is also the hard fact that the people we meet and interact with are also interested in the same issue(s) as we do. Then if conflict occurs and not well managed. It can become adversarial and protracted, contrary to the transformation envisaged. We have to realize that there is the need for the maintenance of law and order to have a peaceful society. When we have this as a cardinal aim, then we would have created an avenue for peaceful co-existence among ourselves and in our relationship with others. This will reflect in the way we listen to the voice of elders when we are involved in conflict, either directly or indirectly. It is also important to be mindful of the role(s) we play when we are involved in conflict intervention. This is important because the role(s) we play can go a long way in bringing about a peaceful resolution, as well as escalation of the issues, which may result to violence. We must also learn to leave the world a better place than we met it. Here lies the importance of this course, as it is expected to equip the student with the necessary tools to enable you apply the knowledge gained to the utmost benefit of the society. There are compulsory prerequisites for this course. The course guide tells you briefly what the course is all about, what you are expected to know in each unit, what course materials you need to use and how you can work your way through these materials. It also emphasizes the necessity for you to complete the tutor-marked assignments embedded therein. There are also periodic tutorial classes that are linked to this course. What you will lean in this course It is important to note that the study of this course is based on well grounded case studies that are empirical and current. It consists of the body of 5 PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace insights, observations, research findings and formal propositions produced by the modern social sciences, especially those that deal with the emergence of great personalities of peace and human frailties and how a recourse to philosophy restored sanity. It is ironical that most often, this body of knowledge is only useful to the academics working on it. Their time is spent working on it, refining the details and trying to spell out the implications for public policy. It could be admitted that many aspects of it remain controversial, but occasionally there are efforts made to use it as a remedial prescription for the world’s evils. In this regard, we may note that the ideas of scholars can and sometimes do, have considerable effect in the world. This may not often be quickly discernible or in the direction intended. More so, it works where the leadership has a listening ear and where the academia is revered as the repository of knowledge. Democratic governance consists of a set of procedures for dealing with human and resource management, especially when they are in an heterogeneous state such as Nigeria. The procedures are explicit and require a high level of expertise on the part of those who seek to apply them. There is always a reason to believe that they can succeed in their objective if they are sincere. The process may raise difficulties of various kinds. As Christopher Mitchell and Michael Banks have noted, “This has to be accepted when any new recommendations are put forward, especially when they confront the great unsolved problems of rebellion, terrorism, communal strife and warfare – in other words, the various forms taken by deep-rooted, protracted conflict”. Course Aims This course aims to get you acquainted with the extant literature in the evolution of great personalities of peace, their roles, contributions, achievements and challenges. From the knowledge gained, the student is expected to apply them to the practical challenges of everyday living, at home, workplaces etc. This also confers another level of responsibility on you as a responsible member of the society to contribute positively in building it. It also includes cultivating friendly relationships in a harmonious environment in order to bring the principles of applying a global combination of philosophies into practice, wherever the need arises. Course Objectives The overall objectives and expectations of this course are many. In addition to this, each unit has its objectives which you will find at the 6 PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace beginning. You are expected to read them before working through the unit. You may have to cross-check intermittently with the objectives to be able to determine the progress you are making at each point. You are advised to also look at each unit’s objectives after completing that unit. By following the instructions above, you will be properly guided and this will assist you to get the utmost benefit from this course. Stated below are the overall objectives of this course: • Examine how Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace as a field of study evolved; • Explain different branches of philosophies and their significance to global peace; • Define Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace; • Identify and understand African, Western, Eastern or Oriental Philosophies; • Understand the biography, philosophy, ideals of peace facilitation, enduring lessons and challenges faced by the identified great personalities of peace and be able to apply the approaches to peace- building and peacemaking; • State the methods of those identified great personalities of peace and their philosophies in making their state and the global community a worthy place to live in. • Understand the technique of non-violent resistance, what it is and its role in creating a win-win situation; • Identify the place of philosophies in leadership style of African, Western and Eastern countries; • Identify the areas of strength and weakness in their application; • Understand how democratic governance can be enhanced without adversarial tendencies; • Study and identify the differences between the background of Nigerian, African, Western and Eastern models in invoking various approaches with a view to making the global community better; • Knowing the significance of Philosophies in a life circle of either a nation or an individual and; • To generally know how to make the world safer than how we met it, among others. Working through this Course To complete this course, you are required to read the study units, read recommended books and read other materials provided by the National Open 7 PCR 311 Philosophies and Great Personalities of Peace University of Nigeria (NOUN). Most of the units contain self-assessment exercises, and at same points in the course, you are required to submit assignments for assessment purposes. At the end of this course, is a final examination. Stated below are the components of the course and what you are expected to do. Course Materials Course Guide Study Unit Textbooks and other Reference Sources Assignment File Presentation In addition, you must obtain the text materials, which are provided by the NOUN. You may also want to purchase the other materials from the bookshops. Please, contact your tutor if you have problems in obtaining the text materials.
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