Index

3D printing 1–2, 6, 11, 87, 142–3, 182, research institutes 132 203, 254, 257 universities 132 Designer movement 12 transparency 125 fused-deposition modelling (FDM) challenges for 129–30 187 volunteers 125–6, 128 impact on Accenture 243 copyright law 267–8 ADEPT 393–4 design law 268 Administrative Law 35 trade secret law 268–9 Affirm trademark law 266–7 founding of (2013) 114 intellectual property issues 12, Afghanistan 104 259–62, 265–6, 271 Airbnb 4, 373 rebalancing of 269–70 Akamai 368 origins of 185 Algorithmic Revolution 355, 372–3 patents 259 influence of 356 CAD file issue 260–64 innovation policy 361, 375–6 infringement issues 259–60 services activities 356–8 role in makerspace movement 12, Alibaba 115 185–7, 189, 191, 197–9 payment service of 116 scanning 258 Alphabet 362 start-ups 186 alternative dispute resolution (ADR) use of CAD files 259–62 system 308–9 DRM use 264–5 Amazon.com 87, 198, 278, 362, 370–71 intermediary printers 263 Amazon Marketplace 404, 412–13 protection of 264 Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) 3D scanning 12 292–4, 299, 304, 307 Amazon Payments 116 Abbott, Andrew 40 Kindle 360 academic research 121–2, 126–7, use of IT in logistics operations 358 130–33, 136 virtual servers of 369 collaboration 122–3 American Bar Association (ABA) 25, challenges for 127 30, 36 co-authorship 123, 127, 131 Accreditation 29–30, 33 research 123–4 limitations placed on online learning use of digital tools 131 32–4, 36–7 journals 126–7 regulatory function of 29 peer-reviewed 131 Standard 306 33 participation 124–5 Task Force on Admissions challenges for 128–9 Regulation Reform 25 distributed computing 124 American Economic Review 130 stakeholders in American Law Institute 77 individual researchers 132 American Library Association (ALA) research funders 132 focus on copyright 143

445

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formation of (1876) 136 Babyloan 324 Reference and User Services Badiou, A. 174 Association Bank of America 116 Interlibrary Loan Committee 138 Bank of England American University personnel of 103 School of Communication potential use of distributed ledger Center for Social Media 148 technology 237 Washington College of Law Bankier, J.G. 153 Program on Information Justice Banque Populaire Atlantique 321–2 and Intellectual Property 148 Barnes, D. 232 Apache 3 Basel III Accords 106 Apple, Inc. 87, 89, 108, 115, 117, 197, Batty, M. 206–7 356, 359 concept of ‘Computable City’ 207 Apple Pay 115 Baumol, W. iBeacon 216 view of mechanization 357 iCloud Bauwens, Michel hacking of 281, 286 founder of P2P Foundation 198–9 privacy protection efforts of 281 Bayus, B.L. 325–6 product lines of 66, 85, 115, 343, Bazaarvoice 409 357, 359–60, 364, 414 Bell, Daniel 294 Appleyard, M. Benkler, Y. 231 observation of crowdfunding Berkeley Open Infrastructure platforms 319 Networking Computing Grid application-specific integrated circuits (BOINC) 241 (ASIC) 228 Bernstein, E. Apollo Guidance Computer 357 observation of gamification 347 Aragon, Cecilia 299 Berra, Yogi 49–50 Arduino 187 big data 41, 46, 51, 55, 68–9, 272–3, Arizuka 314 275–6, 280, 283, 400–401, 410, Armstrong, M.B. 414–15 use of Technology-Enhanced analytics 123, 279, 403, 406–7 Training Effectiveness Mode 346 barriers to entry 409 artificial intelligence (AI) 59, 348 search engines 407–8, 410 potential use in healthcare/medicine competition policy 406–7, 411–12, 61, 65–6, 68–9, 76 414, 416 traditional 45 abuse of dominant market ARTigo 124 position 415–16 Ashley Madison (social networking facilitated collusion issue 411–12 database) 60 vertical relationships 412–13 Association of Research Libraries 148 data harvesting 89 Office of Management Studies development of 53 Manual for the North American impact on business models 405–6 Inventory of Research Library ethics 286–7 Collections 137 industry 404 AT&T 363, 368 online platforms 404–5 Australia 88 privacy protection 272–4, 280 mining sector of 359 use in Authors Guild 147 digital health technologies AvantCredit 89–90 loans originated by 112 financial services 110–11

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BioOne Bowen, W.G. Elementa: Science of the view of mechanization 357 Anthropocene 154 Brabham, D.C. 314 Bitcoin 117, 225, 229, 234, 241, 393 Bradshaw, S. Bitcoin XT 0.11C (2015) 226 observations of cloud computing in blockchain of 9 contract law 383–4 double SHA256 hashing algorithm Brem, A. 318 229 observation of crowdfunding ecosystem of 233 platforms 320 Mt Gox scandal (2014) 243 Brym, R.J. Bitcoin Foundation 243 online dating self-presentation study bKash 171 market share of 104 Büching, C. 191 blockchain technology 9, 47, 225–6, Burgess, J. 211 230–32, 245–6, 393 Buterin, Vitalik applications of definition of blockchain 229–30, Digital Identity Providers 242–3 233–4, 236–7 Ethereum 240–41, 393 founder of Ethereum 393 global/supply commodity chains 244 Cairncross, F. 182 Gridcoin 241 Calo, Ryan Ripple Labs 241–2 concept of ‘consumer subject review sidechain technology and smart boards’ 284 contracts 237, 240 Cambridge University 136 social uses of 244–5 Cameron, James voting systems 243 Avatar 3 concept of 228 Canada 97, 412 crypto-currencies 117, 227, 232–3, online dating platform use in 170 241–2 Canon 359 as decentralized public ledger 231, capital 234–5 civic 210, 212, 217–18 criticisms of 235–6 markets 225 protocol for sending, receiving social 210–12, 218, 329 and recording value 231–2 Capital One 116 definitions of 229–30 capitalism hashes/hash functions 228 emotional 160, 174 immutability 233–4 CAPTCHA 124 licensing model 233 Caragliu, A. 207 open development method (ODM) Carnegie Foundation for 233 Advancement of Teaching 26 payment finality 226–7 Preparation for the Professions private 230–31 26–7 Blockstream 235 Carnegie Report 26–7 Bluetooth recommendations of 27–8, 34 low energy (BLE) devices 216 Casio Computer Co., Ltd 359 Blunden, H. Castells, M. observation of gamification 347 Information Age (media trilogy) 210 Boston Consulting Group 113, 421 Caterpillar 362 Bourdieu, Pierre Centurylink 391 forms of capital 204, 210–11 Cerego 31

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CERN Comcast 368 Large Hadron Collider 123 Commission d’enquête sur l’organisation Chaum, D. 225 et les moyens de la lutte contre les Chen, Denny 147 réseaux djihadistes en France et en Chesbrough, H. Europe 332 observation of crowdfunding Commonwealth Bank of Australia platforms 319 245 Chile competition policy 400–403 mining sector of 359 competition strategies 403 China, People’s Republic of 51 computer-aided design (CAD) 185 banking sector of 112 files 257–8 online payments in 116 use in 3D printing 258–63 Christensen, Clayton protection of 264 theory of disruptive innovation 11, Concord Law School 36 29, 37, 104–6 Constitutional Law 35 Chronicle of Higher Education, The 153 Contract Law 34 Chung, J. copyright law 254 identification of bank account Digital Rights Infringement (DRM) penetration as indicator of state 255–6 of market development 104 impact of 3D printing on 267–8 CIGI/Ipsos Global Survey of Internet infringement 255–6 Security and Trust (2014) 421 corporate social responsibility (CSR) Cisco Systems 383 293 Civil Procedure 34 Crain, Marion Clinical Legal Education Association Invisible Labor 305 (CLEA) 28 Cray-1 184 Best Practices Report 26, 28 Cray-2 357 cloud computing 14, 367, 392, 396–7 credit Cloud 2.0 392–6 risk 117 role of smart contracts in 394–5 credit card 115 contracts 380, 390–91 Crédit Maritime Atlantique 322 decentralized 392–3, 395–6 Crédit Proximea 322 definitions of 381 Credit Suisse role in innovation policy 369–70, report on Internet financing in 372, 381–3 China 112 choice-of-law reform 386–90 CreditEase 112 exclusive-jurisdiction provisions Criminal Law 34–5 391–2 CRISPR-based genome editing 2 in legal institutions 383–6 Crow, Raym 149 use in digital archives 93 CrowdFlower 294 cloud robotics 2 crowdfunding 6, 313, 331–2 CloudTimes Top 100 384 advantages/disadvantages 316–18 Coca-Cola 254 backer’s motives 324–6 Code of Best Practices for Fair Use in positive herding 325–6 Academic and Research Libraries, definitions of 313 The 148 emergence of 314–15 Cohen, Julie 278 financing models Cohen, S. 358 gift-based 322 Columbia University investment-based 323–4 university libraries of 135 loan-based 322–3

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presale-based 322 child-abuse imagery sites 426 reward-based 322 data breaches/identity theft platforms 313–14, 319–21 428–30 characteristics of 319–20 ransomware 431–2 management strategies 320–21 Dartmouth College 141, 154 specialist 314 data mining 64–5 stakeholders 321–2 concept of 108 successful campaigns 327–31 potential applications in healthcare variety of crowd resources 326–7 65 crowdsourcing 47, 291–2, 320 datafication ethics in 297–300 concept of 3 labor 296–8 dataveillance 95–6 practices predictive privacy harms from 96 crowd creation 315 dating platforms crowd voting 316 app-based 11 crowd wisdom 315 web-based 11 crowdfunding 316 De Souza e Silva, A. 210 crowdwork 291–4, 296–8, 300–301 concept of ‘net localities’ 203 environmental benefits of 293 De Waal, M. 218 potential use of ADR in 308–9 CEO of McAfee 439 significance of 295–6 debt 25, 29, 35–6, 107, 111 transparency 302–6, 309 credit card 111–12 crypto-economics 226 interest on 113 cryptography 225 deCODE Genetics 72 Cryptowall 432 DeLong, J.B. 358 Csikszentmihalyi, M. Denmark 243 flow theory of 339–40, 348–9 no-fault medical injury Currie, Brainerd 388 compensation in 80 cybercrime 14, 422–3, 430–31, 435–6, Derose, C. 442 observations of blockchain child-abuse imagery sites 426 technology 233–5 data breaches/identity theft 428–30 design law distributed denial of service (DDoS) impact of 3D printing on 268 attacks 423, 433–5, 437–9 DeWalt, Dave illegal online marketplaces 425, 440 Dianrong 112 Silk Road 1.0 425–6, 442 digital business process management ISP botnet mitigation strategies 422, 43 438–40 digital commons 5 ransomware 431–2, 437–8 digital economy 8, 412 use in cryptolocker attacks 432–3 digital goods 4 cybersecurity 421–2, 430 reproduction and distribution of 4 policies 439–41 digital health practices 91 digital health technologies 59–61, 85–6, Dark Web 422, 433–5, 440–41 90–91, 93, 99 access to 423–4 concept of 87 use of Tor Hidden Services 424, critical digital studies 86–7 426, 437, 442 data security issues 95, 98–9 illegal marketplaces on 434, 440 use by second/third parties 97 indexing 436–8 gamification in 88 use for role in medicalization 92–3

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surveillance issues 95–6, 99 enterprise liability 76 use of big data in 89–90 in healthcare/medicine 77–8 wearable technology 94 loss spreading and victim digitization 3–4, 9, 40, 108, 121 compensation 76–7 concept of 1–2 entrepreneurship 6 impact of 3, 5–6 Ericsson 359 in financial services 107–8 European Commission 390, 407 of academic research 121–2 European Patent Convention returns to scale 4 Article 52 264 Directory of Open Access Journals European Union (EU) 362, 375, 414 152 Court of Justice 285 disintermediation 106–7 Horizon 2020 132 disruption theory Safe Harbor Framework conditions of 111 invalidation of 285 distributed cryptoledgers 2 eYeka 315 distribution channel theory concept of 106–7 Fab Labs 5, 187–9 divorce locations of 189 no-fault 48 opening of 187 DodoCase 186 Facebook 7, 87–8, 115, 163, 208, 286, Dominguez, A. 374 observation of gamification in acquisition of WhatsApp 409 education 340 Facebook Messenger 116 Donath, J.S. 173 P2P payment product Dougherty, Dale development within 116 Vice President of O’Reilly Media FedEx 185 use of IT in logistics operations 358 Dröge, K. financial services focus on emotional capitalism 174 credit-risk assessment 117 Dropbox 369 digital disruption 103, 106–7, Duch, Michael 109–10, 117–18 prosecution of 425 concept of 104–6 Duolingo 315 digitization in 107–8 market making 117 eBay 3, 145, 386, 425 P2P lenders 106, 110–12 hacking of (2014) 429 use of learning algorithms and big internal dispute resolution program data 110–11 of 49 payments system 113–15, 117 Egypt e-money 116 Cairo 136 online 114–15 Ehrenreich, Barbara potential redistribution of profits Nickel and Dimed (2010) 302 within 116–17 Ellison, Larry Finland CEO of Oracle 380–81 no-fault medical injury Ellison, N. compensation in 80 online dating self-presentation study Fiore, A.T. 173 171 FitBit 343, 349 Emory University 141 Fordham University 141 End User License Agreements Foursquare 204, 212 (EULAs) 301 locational check-in 216

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France 323–4 Global Financial Crisis (2007–09) 103, Charlie Hebdo attacks (2015) 314 117 High Court impact on digitization of financial LICRA v. Yahoo! 386 services 108 Paris 386 global manufacturing chains 40 Freeman, Geoffrey T. 141 Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) 359 Friedman, Milton 232 globalization 109, 291 Funding Circle GoFundMe 313 loans originated by 112 Google, Inc. 3, 53, 87, 89, 108, 117, Future Cities Catapult 218 208, 217, 285–6, 356, 359, 363–4, 367–8, 371, 391 gamification 13, 303 Android (operating system) 414 applications of 231–17, 340 Android Pay 116 consumer-facing 343 Google Book Search 147 educational 340–41 Google Chrome 423 employee selection 342 Google Now 208 training 341 Google Search 7, 405 workplace 341, 343 PageRank 316 common workplace contexts 335–6 trend indexing 335 concept of 335 Gordon, E. 210 critiques of 344–5 concept of ‘net localities’ 203 definitions of 336–7 Gowers, Tim role in motivation al theory 344 Polymath project 125 impact on behaviour 338–9 Great Depression 302 in digital health technologies 88 Great Recession (2007–09) 23–4 research 345–8 Greater London Authority (GLA) use in smart cities 213–17 London Data Store 208 locational game platforms 216 green economy 6 Gandy, Oscar GreenBook Research Industry Trends concept of ‘panoptic sort’ 279 Report 343 Gap 306 Grey Area Garth, Bryant 27 Shadow Cities 214 General Electric (GE) 360 Grokster 256 General Motors 359 Guardtime 281 Gengo 373 Guerrini, F. 217 Georgia Institute of Technology 154 Guiso, L. 212 Georgia State University 147 Gerber, E.M. 325 HackerSpaces.org Germany locations of 189 economy of 421 hacking 97, 281, 286 Munich 124 Hadoop 5, 401 online dating platform use in 170 Hagiu, A. Gershenfeld, Neil observation of crowdfunding Director of MIT Center for Bits and platforms 319–20 Atoms 187 Hahn, Karla 152–3 Gettings, Nathan Haldane, Andy co-founder of Affirm 114 Chief Economist and Executive GitHub 374 Director of Bank of England Global 2000 335 103 Global Cloud Index 383 Hales–Jewett theorem 125

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Hamari, J. 345–6 Helmholtz Association of German observations of gamification 340, Research Centres 343 Resonator podcast 126 Handy 292 Hemer, J. 322, 325 Hartzog, Woodrow hidden algorithms 53–4 conception of privacy 275 Higgins, G.R. 241 Harvard University 32 Hinge 160 faculty of 155 Hitsch, G.J. 173 Harvard Law School (HLS) Home Depot 281 Berkman Center for Internet and Homebrew Computer Club (HCC) Society 293 197 Case Studies Program 154–6 origins of 184 Harvard Law School Library Howe, Jeff 314 (HLSL) 154–6 classification of crowdsourcing Law Library 154 practices 315–16 university libraries of 135–6 Htite, Soul Hassairi, N. 304 founder of Dianrong 112 Hathaway, Melissa 439 Hui, J.S. 325 health insurance Human Genome Project 127 premiums 94 Hunicke, R. 348 healthcare/medicine 59–62, 81–2 Hunt, Gus accreditation organizations 79–80 former CTO of CIA 281 care-based reasoning 64 Hunter, D. 348 computer-aided diagnosis 66–7 Hwang, G.-J. enterprise liability in 77–8 observation of gamification in evidence-based 62–3 education 340 limitations of 63 hypercompetition potential application of software concept of 109 to 63 legislation I Have Bitcoins (IHB) 245 patient privacy 71 Iceland medical record systems 69–70 Health Sector Database 72 computerized provider order entry Illinois Wesleyan University 141 (CPOE) 69 India 43 e-prescribing 69 government of 242 International Classification Unique Identification Authority of of Diseases, Clinical India (UIDAI) 242–3 Modification codes industrial commons 5 (ICD-9-CM) 70 inequality National Healthcare Information of income 7 Network 65 of opportunity 7 potential use of information economy/society 294–5 AI 61, 65–6, 68–9, 76 innovation policy 13, 354–5, 362–6 data mining 65 impact of algorithmic revolution safety improvement programs 80 361, 375–6 smart machines 59–82 relationship with labor 373–4 smart machines 59–60, 67, 72–3 role of IT in 354, 364–6, 368–9, 375 criticisms of 73–6, 79 broadband networks 367­–8 HealthMap 89 cloud computing 369–70, 372, HealthTap 88 381–3

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infrastructure as a service (IAAS) Joyent 391 370 junk bonds 111 Internet backbone 368–9 JVC 359 targets of 361–2 Instacart 292 Kaggle 293, 349 Instagram 88 Kahn Academy 5 intellectual property (IP) 254, 257, Kalleberg, A.L. 296 265–6, 269–70 Kaminska, I. 246 infringement 257 Kaplan, Inc. legislation 254–5, 268 schools owned and operated by 36 potential rebalancing of 270–71 Kapp, K.M. 342 rights 187 Kaspersky Labs design patents 254 efforts to index Dark Web 437 International Business Machines Katz, Marty 28–9 (IBM) Corporation 360, 364, Dean of Sturm College of Law 28 393–4 Kenya 103 Watson 44, 50–51, 55, 68 Khan Academy ‘ROSS’ 41, 46 educational approach of 52 Internet 380–81, 421–3 Kickstarter 3, 9, 313 development of 127 projects 321, 324 as free space 278 success rates 323 conceptions of 279 Kimeldorf, H. impact on university libraries 138–41 observation of ethical consumer jurisprudence 386–8 habits 306 Internet of connected objects and Kirby, E. logistics (Internet of things/IoT) 6, study of crowdfunding finance 47, 53, 393–4 models 324 legislating of 53 KissKissBankBank 320 Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 256, Kittur, A. 293 424 Klout 204, 212 botnet mitigation 422, 438–9 knowledge work 42–3 patent law involving 260 Koivisto, J. Interpol observations of gamification 340, 343 efforts to index Dark Web 437 Komatsu 362 Irani, Lily 292–3, 299 vehicle range of 356, 359 observation of AMT users 307 Kozinets, R.V. Iraq concept of Online Creative Baghdad 136 Consumer Communities Israrl 384 (OCCC) 325 Krebs, Brian Japan 363–4, 375 observations of Target hack (2014) Jewett, Charles C. 430 report for Smithsonian Institution Kroszner, R.S. 103 (1850) 136 Kuppuswamy, V. 325–6 Jobs, Steve 197, 360 Kurt, Lisa 142 Johns Hopkins University 62 Kurzweil, Ray 49 Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare labor 151, 293–4, 297 Organizations 79–80 ethical 293 Jones, T.L. 241–2 innovation policy 373–5

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legislation 61 practice-based 33 manual 258 research agenda 55–6 micro- 296, 298 legal services 44–5 organizations 78 digital transformation of 50–51, practices 13, 294–5 53–4, 56 impact of global supply chains balancing tests 51 on 305 potential technology applications in transparent 302–3, 305–6 44–5, 49–50 standards digitally embedded law 47 decline of 292 document assembly 45 Lambert, T. Internet communities 47 definition of crowdfunding 313 learning algorithms 46–7 Landers, A.K. online dispute resolution 49 observation of gamification in paraprofessionals 48 education 340–41, 349 LegalZoom 45–6, 49–50 Landers, R.N. legal challenges issued to 45 observation of gamification in Lending Club 104, 106 education 340–41, 349 personnel of 112 use of Technology-Enhanced services offered by 111–12 Training Effectiveness Mode LendInvest 346 loans originated by 112 Laney, Doug 401 Lenton, R.L. law firms 23–4 online dating self-presentation study structure of 43 171 law practice 23, 42, 45, 54 Lessig, Lawrence impact of digital development on Code (2000) 47 40–41 Levchin, Max Law School Admission Test (LSAT) founder of Affirm 114 scores of 35 Lex Machina 44, 46 Lawton, K. 328–31 LexisNexis 46 learning algorithms 4–5, 7, 13–14, 52, Lieberoth, A. 346 109, 403 life insurance 89 ‘nearest neighbor’ 64 Ligue Contre le Racisme et potential application in legal services l’Antisémitisme (LICRA) 386 46–7 LinkedIn 7, 343, 374 use in financial services 110–11 Linux 3, 5, 11, 186 Lebraty, J.F. 330–31 loans legal education 23, 25–6, 41, 54–5 origination of 112 assessment methods 31 unsecured 114 barriers to innovation in 29–30 Lobre, K. 331 criticisms of 24, 26–8 Lufax 112 critical studies 26–7 Lyft 292 distance education 30–31 Lynch, Clifford 149 diversity issues 34–5 Lyon, David 279 experiential education 28–9 focus on doctrinal teaching 24 MacCrate Report 27 online learning 31–2, 36–7, 54 Fundamental Values of the limitations placed on 32 Profession 26 use for first year of law school list of Skills and Values 26–7 32–4 Macklem, Timothy 278

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Maharg, Paul McDonald’s 116 Professor of Legal Education McKinsey at University of Northern report on future of global banking Australia 30–31 profits 103 makerspaces 182, 190, 196–8 study of cost disadvantages of characteristics of 190–91 traditional banks (2013) 106 access to tools 191–2 medicalization face-to-face interaction between role of digital health technologies members 195–6 92–3 locus of control 193 Mesopotamia computer-controlled fabrication Nineveh 135 186 Michael, Mike 98 computer numerically controlled Microsoft Corporation 89, 364, (CNC) 185, 187, 189 370–71 development of 197 Bing 407 antecedents 183–5 Microsoft Excel 42 fabrication tools 186–7, 199 Microsoft Word 433 global diffusion of 188–90 privacy protection efforts of 281, in university libraries 142–3, 186 285–6 maker labs 186–7 Xbox Kinect 88 role of 3D printing in 12, 185–7, 189, MinuteClinic 48 191, 197–9 Modria 49 Malaysia Rechtwijzer 49 Kota Bharu 65 Moldova, Republic of 245 malpractice Mollick, E. 325–6 lawsuits 74–5 observations of Kickstarter project Markets and Markets 335 funding success rates 321 Maron, D. 328–31 Moore’s law 3, 49, 184, 355, 357 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Mozilla 245 (MIT) M-Paisa Center for Bits and Atoms 187 market share of 104 Fab Foundation 187 M-Pesa 103 DSpace 149 market share of 104 Media Lab 184 MyMajorPlatform 321 Massive Open Online Courses MySQL 401 (MOOCs) 140 Massolution Company 313 Napster 256 MasterCard 113, 115 Nasdaq Materialise 198 deal with Noble Markets (2015) mating processes 177 243–4 analysis Nasdaq Private Market 244 revealed preferences approach Open Assets Protocol 244 168 National Science Foundation (NSF) examples of 160–61 grants issued by 184, 187 online 160 sponsor of Socio-Technical Systems Maxwell, G. Summer Institute 299 CTO of Blockstream 235 Near Field Communication (NFC) McAfee pad 216 ‘Hidden Economy, The’ 430 NEC Corporation 359 personnel of 439 Netflix 7, 278, 363, 369

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Netherlands 49 registration/selection 164 online dating platform use in 170 research 176–7 Netscape 292 lines of 169–70 neuroprosthetics 2 user profile creation 165–6 New Deal 301–2 users of 170 New York Bar Association 25 Open Education Resources 140 New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Open Philology Project 124–5 111 open-source software 6, 184–5 New Zealand Oracle no-fault medical injury personnel of 380–81 compensation in 80 O’Reilly Media Niantic Labs Make (magazine) 185 Ingress 214, 217 Maker Faire 185 Pokémon Go 204, 214 O’Reilly, Tim Nielsen, Michael concept of ‘algorithmic governance’ Reinventing Discovery (2012) 121 376 Nike+ 343, 349 Organisation for Economic Nikon 359 Co-operation and Development Nintendo Co., Ltd 359 (OECD) 401 Nintendo Entertainment System observation of big data 406 (NES) 357 Organisme pour le Registre unique Wii Fit 88 des Intermédiaires en Assurance, Nissenbaum, Helen Banque et Finance (ORIAS) 323 conception of privacy 273 Osler, Sir William 62 Noble Markets Osterwalder, A. deal with Nasdaq (2015) 243–4 observation of crowdfunding Nokia Corporation 359 platforms 319 Norton Symantec Owen, Gareth Internet Security Threat Report study of use of Dark Web for child- (2015) 432 abuse imagery sites 426–7 NTT 368 Oxford University 136

Oculus P2P Foundation 198–9 use of Kickstarter funding 324 Palantir online dating platforms 160, 170–71, personnel of 114 174–5 Palley, S. 236–7 contacting other users 167 patent law 257 deceitful self-presentation 171–3 Digital Rights Management (DRM) exaggeration 172 264–5 search criteria issue 172 impact of 3D printing on 259–60 functions of 162–3 CAD file issue 259–63 interaction processes 173–4 use of ISPs in enforcing 260 matchmaking system 162 Patient Opinion 88 mobile dating 174–7 PatientsLikeMe 11, 89 apps 175 PayPal 103, 115 online dating 161–2 as financial lender partner markets 164–5 PayPal Credit 113 definitions of 160, 169 PayPal Working Capital 113–14 digital 163–4, 168 merchant customers of 113 research 167–8 value to customers 113

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peer-to-peer (P2P) 105, 109 Putz, S. lending platforms 106, 110 ‘Interactive Information Services networks 256 using World Wide Web transfer of CAD files on 262 Hypertext’ (1994) 206 Pelish, Matthew Redefining the Academic Library: qualitative research 98 Managing the Migration to Quick Response (QR) code 216 Digital Information Services (2011) 139 Raspberry Pi 187 Pentax 359 RateSetter Perciali, I. 153 loans originated by 112 Pew Research Ravel Law 44 reports of 97–8 Red Robot Philippines 43, 104 Life is Crime 214 Pigneur, Y. Reinhart, Carmen observation of crowdfunding ‘Growth in a Time of Debt’ (2010) platforms 319 130 Pinterest 5 Renrendai 112 Podesta, John RepRap Chair of White House Big Data launch of (2005) 258 and Privacy Working Group Research Library Group (RLG) 280 National Shelf List Count 137 Pokémon Go 204, 214 Reynolds, Alastair Polymath Project 130 Water Thief, The (2013) 291, 307, Pony Express 30 309 Pörtner, C.C. 304 Rheingold, H. 182 Poster, W. Rogers, E.R.M. 198 observation of ethical retail focuses Rogoff, Kenneth 306–7 ‘Growth in a Time of Debt’ (2010) PowerReviews 409 130 Preliminal Games 205, 213–14 Roman Empire 136 Fractured Skyline 214–15, 218 root cause analysis privacy/privacy protection use for smart machines in 286–7 healthcare/medicine 79 application to big data 280 Rosetta@home 124 conceptions of 273–5 Royal Library of Ashurbanipal 135 data protection 274 designing for 281 Samsung 393–4 as information rules 276–7 Samsung Pay 116 regulations 283–4 SAP 51 soft regulation 284–5 Savage, Nick values study of use of Dark Web for child- equality 278–9 abuse imagery sites 426–7 identity 277–8 Schmitz, A. security 281–2 definition of ‘partner market’ 160 trust 282–3 research on online partner market Property and Torts 34 169, 171, 173 Prosper 112 Schneider, N. 236 loans originated by 112 Schwienbacher, A. Putnam, R.D. 211 definition of crowdfunding 313

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SciLogs 126 use of care-based reasoning 64 Seabright 246 use of root cause analysis 79 Second World War (1939–45) 123, Smith, Brad 285–6 136 Smithsonian Institution 136 secure multiparty computation 2 Snowden, Edward 60 Sega Games Co., Ltd 359 NSA document leak 97, 285, 442 Seiko Holdings Corporation 359 social media 60, 88, 115 Self-Monitoring, Analysis and privacy issues 98–9 Reporting Technology (SMART) SOFI concept of 206–7 loans originated by 112 SETI@home 124 Solove, Daniel Shapeways 198 conception of privacy 273, 283 Silberman, Six 292–3, 299 Solow, Robert 42 observation of AMT users 307 Sony Corporation 359 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Sony Entertainment 281 (SMTP) 242 Sony Pictures Six to Start hacking of digital archives (2014) Zombies, Run! 214 97 Skopek, J. 173 Southern New Hampshire University observations of online dating market faculty of 142 171 Shapiro Library Skype 3, 163 Innovation Lab & Makerspace Sloan Digital Sky Survey 127 142–3 small- and medium-sized enterprises Spain 384 (SMEs) 111 Cordoba 136 Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs) Spark 5, 401 140 Spear 324 Smart Spotify 3, 278 market share of 104 Sprint 368 smart cities 203–4, 208–9, 213 Square 186 concept of 206 Stack Overflow 349 gamification of 213–17 Stanford University 187 locational game platforms 216 Star Trek (media franchise) 68 role of Stripe ICT in 207 founding of (2011) 115 Internet-related technologies Relay service 115 209–10 Sung, H.-Y. smart citizenship 209–12 observation of gamification in Smart London initiative 12, 204, education 340 207–8 Surowiecki, J. 315 Smart London Board 207 surveillance 7 smart machines 2, 5, 10, 59, 77 Susskind, Daniel 49, 55 potential industry forum creation concept of traditional AI 45 79–80 Susskind, Richard 49, 55 potential use in healthcare/medicine concept of traditional AI 45 59–60, 67, 72–3 Swanson, T. 235 criticisms of 73–6, 79 Swarm 212 potential use of accident analysis Sweden and intervention development no-fault medical injury 78 compensation in 80

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Switzerland National Health Service (NHS) 69 online dating platform use in 170 NHS Choices 89 Szolovits, Peter 61 United States of America (USA) 8, 23, 32, 52, 60, 74, 94, 96, 112, 114, Target 281, 306 135, 175, 186, 189–90, 231, 254, taxation 48 256, 274, 283–4, 292, 294, 307–8, TechShop 186 375, 384, 412, 430 locations of 189 Affordable Care Act 89, 94 Menlo Park 187 Boston, MA 187 TED conferences 5 California Labor Commission Tencent 293 payment service of 116 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Tesla Motors 281 Model S 359 Commercial Aviation Safety Team Thingiverse 5, 9, 186 (CAST) 78–80 Tinder 160 common law of 75 Tomczak, A. 318 Congress 144, 148, 286, 300 observation of crowdfunding Constitution of 387 platforms 320 First Amendment 277 Toomin, M. 304 Fourth Amendment 274 TopCoder 3, 293, 349 Court of Appeals tort law 76–7 Authors Guild v. HathiTrust 147 Townsend, A. 218 Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google Inc. Toys R Us 116 147 Tracfin Cambridge University Press et al. Annual Analysis and Activity Report v. Carl V. Patton et al. (2014) 332 147 trademark law 257 Court of Federal Claims 81 application to CAD files 265–6 Department of Homeland Security Training Industry, Inc. 341 (DHS) 425 Truong, N. 174 Operation Marco Polo 425 Turkle, S. Department of Justice 409, 412 Alone Together (2011) 211 Dickson, TN 432 Twitter 5, 88, 115 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) 260, 267 Uber 292, 373–5 District Court 387 app 301 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) personnel of 293, 405 299–302 UBM Future Cities 206 Otey v. Crowdflower 299–300, Ulbricht, Ross 302 role in development of Silk Road Federal Bureau of Investigation 1.0 425 (FBI) 432 Ulule 320 Federal Communications unemployment 6, 96 Commission (FCC) 363 Uniform Commercial Code 147 Federal Reserve 103 United Kingdom (UK) 88, 111–12, Federal Trade Commission (FTC) 114, 218, 299, 384, 426 96, 284–6, 409 Consumer Codes Approval Scheme Food and Drug Administration (CCAS) 396 (FDA) 67 London 197, 204–5, 208, 217 government of 78, 136

F. Xavier Olleros and Majlinda Zhegu - 9781784717766 Downloaded from Elgar Online at 09/23/2021 05:04:16PM via free access

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Health Insurance Portability and patron-driven acquisition (PDA) Accountability Act (HIPAA) 138–9 71–2 Conspectus model 137 Privacy and Security Rules 71–2 funding of healthcare system of 65, 69, 71 use in expanding collections 136–7 Library of Congress 137 impact of Internet on 138–42 military of 342 institutional repositories (IRs) Morrill Land Grant Act (1862) 149–53 136 law and policy in 143–4 National Security Agency (NSA) 97, copyright 143–6 285, 442 learning management systems online dating platform use in 170 (LMS) 140 Palo Alto, CA 185 open access (OA) 148–51, 155–6 Patriot Act 371 library publishing 152–4 Portland, OR 187 print-based collection development Raleigh, NC 187 137 San Francisco, CA 185, 189, 373, spaces 140–43 391 collaborative space planning 141 San Mateo, CA 185 makerspace movement 142–3, 186 Silicon Valley 184, 186, 363 University of California St Paul, MN 36 eScholarship Repository 149 Supreme Court 146 University of Chicago 32 North Carolina State Board of university libraries of 135 Dental Examiners v. FTC, University of Colorado, Boulder 154 574 U.S.__ (2015) 45–6 University of Denver Tennessee Bureau of Investigation Sturm College of Law 432 faculty of 28 Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) University of Michigan 154 391 University of Nevada, Reno US Copyright Act 145 DeLaMare Library 142 Section 107 146 University of Northern Australia Section 108 144 faculty of 30–31 Section 108(a) 144 University of Paris 136 US Federal Aviation Administration University of Portsmouth 78 faculty of 426 US HITECH Act 69 University of Southern California 141 US Vaccine Compensation Program University of Washington 154 80–81 University of Wyoming Veterans Administration 69 Wool Laboratory Collection 139 Virginia Supreme Court Upwork 372–3 CRS Recovery Inc. v. Laxton US Privacy Rights Clearinghouse 388–9 reports of 97 White House Big Data and Privacy Working Group 280 Venmo 116 Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital venture capital 44 Clinical Decision Support Software Verizon 363, 368 (CDSS) 65 Vickery, B. 33–4 university libraries 135, 156 Visa 113, 115 collection development VISANet 232 faculty input 137–8 VisiCalc 42

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Vodafone Wiesner, K. 216 subsidiaries of 103 WikiLeaks 60 Voirol, O. Wikipedia 3, 5, 11 focus on emotional capitalism 174 Wikistrat 349 William Mitchell School of Law Waldman, S.R. waiver of ABA online learning observation of blockchain limitation 36–7 technology 236 Wired (magazine) 314 Walgreens Wones, Suzanne 155 customer remote access efforts of Worner, S. 89 study of crowdfunding finance Wall Street Journal 112 models 324 Walmart 306 Wozniak, Steve 184, 197 supply chain of 50 Wright, J. use of IT in logistics operations 358 observation of crowdfunding Walter-Herrmann, J. 191 platforms 319–20 Web 2.0 95 Wellcome Trust Yahoo! Inc. 285, 386, 407 study on British health/medical data Yale University (2013) 98 university libraries of 136 Wellman, B. 210 YouTube 5, 7, 88, 256, 363, 368, 374 concept of networked individualism 211 ZocDoc 88 Wells Fargo 116 Zopa 111 Werbach, K. 348 loans originated by 112 Whitney, Eli 183 Zotero (online citation management Whitty, M. platform) 131 online dating self-presentation study Zuboff, Shoshana 8 172 Zysman, J. 358

F. Xavier Olleros and Majlinda Zhegu - 9781784717766 Downloaded from Elgar Online at 09/23/2021 05:04:16PM via free access

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