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Limestone and Other Calcareous Materials LIMESTONE AND OTHER CALCAREOUS MATERIALS Indian Minerals Yearbook 2014 (Part- III : Mineral Reviews) 53rd Edition LIMESTONE & OTHER CALCAREOUS MINERALS (FINAL RELEASE) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES INDIAN BUREAU OF MINES Indira Bhavan, Civil Lines, NAGPUR – 440 001 PHONE/FAX NO. (0712) 2565471 PBX : (0712) 2562649, 2560544, 2560648 E-MAIL : [email protected] Website: www.ibm.gov.in July, 2016 32-1 LIMESTONE AND OTHER CALCAREOUS MATERIALS 32 Limestone & Other Calcareous Materials he term limestone is applied to any calcareous RESOURCES sedimentary rock consisting essentially T The total resources of limestone of all of carbonates. The two most important categories and grades as per UNFC system as constituents are calcite and dolomite. Limestone on 1.4.2010 are estimated at 184,935 million tonnes, often contains magnesium carbonate, either of which 14,926 million tonnes (8%) are under as dolomite CaMg (CO ) or magnesite (MgCO ) 3 2 3 reserves category and 170,009 million tonnes (92%) mixed with calcite. It is then termed 'dolomitic' are under remaining resources category. Karnataka or 'magnesian' limestone. Limestones altered is the leading state having 28% of the total by dynamic or contact metamorphism become resources followed by Andhra Pradesh (20%), coarsely crystalline and are referred to as Rajasthan (12%), Gujarat (11%), Meghalaya (9%), 'marbles' and 'crystalline limestones'. Other Chhattisgarh (5%) and remaining 15% by other common varieties of limestones are 'marl', states. Gradewise, cement grade has leading share 'oolite' (oolitic limestone), shelly limestone, of about 69% followed by SMS & BF grades (12%) algal limestone, coral limestone, pisolitic and chemical grade (3%). Remaining 16% are others, limestone, crinoidal limestone, travertine, onyx, not-known and unclassified grades (Table-1 (A)). hydraulic limestone, lithographic limestone, etc. However, the limestone which is used by The total resources of chalk of all cate- industries in bulk quantity is a bedded type gories and grades as per UNFC system as on 1.4.2010 sedimentary limestone. Other calcareous are estimated in Gujarat at 4.92 million tonnes of material used by industry is 'chalk', a white, which 4.33 million tonnes (88%) are under reserves extremely fine-grained, usually soft and friable category and 0.59 million tonnes (12%) are under variety of limestone, composed wholly or remaining resources category (Table-1 (B)). largely of microscopic small remains of The total resources of marl of all categories and foraminifera and broken shelly fragments; grades as per UNFC system as on 1.4.2010 are 'kankar', irregular nodules and concretions of estimated in Gujarat State at 151.68 million tonnes impure calcium carbonate of all sizes found in of which 139.98 million tonnes (92%) are under the older surface alluvium or soils; and reserves category and 11.70 million tonnes (8%) are 'limeshell', the thick calcareous shells of under remaining resources category Table- 1 (C). molluscs deposited in the form of beds as well as present in ancient lakes and shallow EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT seas. A limestone rock which separates well Exploration was carried out by GSI in along the stratification into a few centimetres Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya and thick slabs is termed 'flagstone'. The dimensional Rajasthan. Directorates of Mining and Geology of limestone used for building and ornamental Himachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan stone purposes is discussed in the Reviews and commissionarate of Geology and Mining, on 'Marble' and 'Slate, Sandstone & Other Gujarat also carried out exploration for limestone. Dimension Stones'. Details of work carried out are furnished in Table-2. 32-2 Table – 1(A) : Reserves/Resources of Limestone as on 1.04.2010 (By Grades/States) (In '000 tonnes) Reserves Remaining resources Total Grade/State Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred Reconnaissance Total resources STD111 STD121 STD122 (A) STD211 STD221 STD222 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B) (A+B) All India: Total 8978583 3650574 2297234 14926392 1827583 3739470 6309489 6858999 22040640 124835558 4396981 170008720 184935112 LIMEST By Grades Chemical 189441 4094 42988 236522 40413 91817 569507 17074 1823217 2301101 - 4843129 5079652 S.M.S.(O.H.) 148323 864528 2284 1015135 1990 279167 729551 469116 454149 1825195 239223 3998392 5013527 S.M.S.(L.D.) 1619 98635 155 100409 810 9928 11364 1019 49894 123965 - 196979 297388 ONE S.M.S.(O.H. & L.D. mixed) 22842 -- 22842 ---- 2604 167182 - 169786 192628 AND OTHERCALCAREOUSMA B.F. 432522 455504 42720 930747 97375 26225 63246 467190 966030 11137050 13313 12770428 13701174 S.M.S. & B.F. mixed 4910 211614 2956 219480 24171 25138 36038 2000 122103 780680 240733 1230862 1450342 Cement (portland) 7475616 1638178 2102094 11215887 1564469 3192817 4799174 4884690 12802454 82928360 3516270 113688234 124904122 Cement (white) 1503 - 759 2263 4742 2066 1976 117000 - 2256 - 128039 130302 32-3 Cement (portland & white) 80266 5082 1110 86458 5103 13495 13119 338670 60000 506445 39000 975833 1062291 Cement (blendable/ beneficiable) 232608 55367 27316 315290 30317 37274 2672 43047 43776 438833 - 595918 911208 B.F. & cement mixed 13149 14135 26468 53753 - 26608 6119 485 - 76843 - 110056 163809 S.M.S.,chemical & paper 1059 - 273 1331 25 2169 1303 -- 1228617 - 1232114 1233446 Paper 28343 - 448 28791 466 56 131 120678 27073 748560 - 896964 925755 Others 83074 14450 9058 106582 11264 19016 22972 162376 515695 2876988 253007 3861317 3967899 TERIALS Unclassified 115052 26687 38305 180044 46132 7325 44287 190717 5094328 18780431 74468 24237689 24417733 Not-known 148255 262301 300 410857 307 6366 8030 44938 79318 913053 20967 1072980 1483836 By States Andhra Pradesh 2483095 581935 983048 4048078 311682 64645 460685 215847 1075504 28112011 3147926 33388299 37436377 Arunachal Pradesh -------- 49220 433575 - 482795 482795 Assam 183788 152562 - 336350 10902 9828 4257 154644 34200 897161 - 1110992 1447342 Bihar 7822 - 795 8617 - 6123 6689 86379 38210 709522 - 846923 855540 Chhattisgarh 856930 10962 30004 897896 46468 742220 80465 1331984 480812 5379600 - 8061550 8959446 Daman & Diu --------- 128670 - 128670 128670 Gujarat 542498 72263 195715 810475 60640 88866 159549 18728 858265 18014634 - 19200681 20011157 (Contd.) Table- 1(A) (Concld.) Reserves Remaining resources Total Grade/State Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred Reconnaissance Total resources STD111 STD121 STD122 (A) STD211 STD221 STD222 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B) (A+B) Haryana ---- 1425 15507 3382 - 2200 52163 - 74677 74677 Himachal Pradesh 541555 226170 209638 977363 48410 44097 21220 1525202 1891 2830449 433 4471702 5449064 LIMEST Jammu & Kashmir 257480 5525 54100 317106 42116 21686 165199 43621 - 1001420 203 1274246 1591352 Jharkhand 144259 4105 54713 203077 8364 7704 9672 9534 12125 372131 11803 431333 634410 Karnataka 538927 486300 72518 1097745 171995 394671 453541 1573788 13919929 34579866 8240 51102029 52199775 ONE Kerala 12959 -- 12959 122659 77 1576 21161 2888 35228 - 183589 196548 AND OTHERCALCAREOUSMA Madhya Pradesh 460445 1166513 24865 1651823 287634 204089 88311 514783 560472 3971168 264247 5890703 7542526 Maharashtra 589789 176015 60794 826598 464232 176987 52152 28470 159309 1114112 - 1995262 2821860 Manipur ------- 19953 2138 23962 - 46053 46053 32-4 Meghalaya 138207 94459 - 232666 36898 23400 - 460107 2811179 13941438 - 17273022 17505688 Nagaland 825 -- 825 ---- 1010000 27000 - 1037000 1037825 Odisha 280588 466627 126717 873932 3225 49045 241871 133600 44562 386952 49800 909055 1782987 Puducherry ------- 4433 4333 6966 - 15732 15732 Rajasthan 1740173 91434 428111 2259717 141539 1607076 4438479 467462 720874 11110360 914330 19400121 21659838 Sikkim --------- 2380 - 2380 2380 TERIALS Tamil Nadu 199243 115705 55165 370112 19229 55984 42014 69951 32169 460412 - 679759 1049871 Uttar Pradesh ---- 45130 135590 21050 142763 40000 31200 - 415733 415733 Uttarakhand -- 1051 1051 5035 91872 59378 29486 164879 1191059 - 1541709 1542760 West Bengal ------- 7104 15482 22120 - 44706 44706 Figures rounded off. Table – 1 (B) : Reserves/Resources of Chalk as on 1.04.2010 (By Grades/States) (In ’000 tonnes) Reserves Remaining resources Total Grade/State Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred Reconnaissance Total resources STD111 STD121 STD122 (A) STD211 STD221 STD222 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B) (A+B) All India : Total 3266 537 528 4332 184 5 127 -- 269 - 585 4917 LIMEST By Grade Unclassified 3266 537 528 4332 184 5 127 -- 269 - 585 4917 ONE By State AND OTHERCALCAREOUSMA Gujarat 3266 537 528 4332 184 5 127 -- 269 - 585 4917 Figures rounded off. 32-5 Table – 1 (C) : Reserves/Resources of Marl as on 1.04.2010 (By Grades/States) (In tonnes) Reserves Remaining resources TERIALS Total Grade/State Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred Reconnaissance Total resources STD111 STD121 STD122 (A) STD211 STD221 STD222 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B) (A+B) All India : Total 133236150 4650000 2090000 139976150 11704870 ------ 11704870 151681020 By Grade All grades 133236150 4650000 2090000 139976150 11704870 ------ 11704870 151681020 By State Gujarat 133236150 4650000 2090000 139976150 11704870 ------ 11704870 151681020 Figures rounded off. LIMESTONE AND OTHER CALCAREOUS MATERIALS Table – 2 : Details of Exploration Activities for Limestone, 2013-14 Agency/ Location Mapping Drilling State/ Area/ Sampling Remarks District Block Scale Area
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