Vol 1, Issue 3 December 2009 MM GG II RR II Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialisation A National Institute under the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Govt. of India r e t t e l s w e N

nnovative Packaging Machine developed by Contents IMGIRI to be : ‹ Jamanalal Bajaj Central Research Institute (JBCRI) .. 2 wwithin the reach of even an SHG wportable, light weight and energy efficient ‹ Editorial: Rural Economic Zone (REZ) .. 3 wflexible to be upgraded into a ‘modified atmosphere’ version ‹ Kuthambakkam Panchayat: a model of self reliant REZ .. 4 ‹ Felicitation of Sarvodaya activist Mrs Krishnamma on her This prototype, first time exhibited in the Surat winning Right Livelihood Award (Alternate Nobel Prize) .. 5 Khadi Exhibition (Nov 28 – Dec 27, 2009) evoked great response and is an excellent example of the ‹ Orientation of MGIRI staff – III .. 6 ‘man-machine-system’ approach of MGIRI to combine the perfection of machine with the ‹ Forthcoming Events .. 7 employment opportunity of man. (The designer Mr Deep ‹ Recent Events .. 7 Varma, PSO and Coordinator of Innovation Cell of MGIRI is seen in the picture). ‹ MGIRI in News .. 8

Maganwadi, Wardha-442001, Maharashtra Phone: 07152-253512 Fax: 240328 www.mgiri.org email: [email protected] Jamanalal Bajaj Central Research Institute (JBCRI)

he KVIB created JBCRI, Jamanalal Bajaj Central Certain modifications introduced by JBCRI in the earlier TResearch Institute in 1955 – to carry forward the R&D machines/ processors were well accepted. Typical examples works of AIVIA, founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1934 with Dr J are: C Kummarappa as its first Organiser and Secretary. From 1st wwooden decorticator made into steel based design April 1957, the Institute came under the KVIC which was wground nut sheller established in 1956. wmodified dhaan chakki wrecovery of bone and glue from flaying centre Dr M S Rao took over as the first Director of JBCRI. whoney standards wsimple pottery machines like jaw crusher, jar mill and jigger The objects of the institute are to carry on research and jolly introduced in pottery work investigations into the problems of village industries and in particular the development of improved tools and techniques, utilization of available scientific and technical knowledge, to improve the traditional methods, tools and techniques of I village industries, integration of technical problems with social R C and economic considerations of wider employment, and to B J

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promote village industries by mobilizing scientific effort and o

y invention to develop these industries. r o t a r o

Then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, President Rajendra b a l Prasad visited JBCRI. n i a M d a s a r P

a r d n e j a R

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D When KVIC adopted a more inclusive definition of rural

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industries permitting an infinite number of activities vide s t

c Rama Krishnaiyya Commission Report 1987 a new pattern of u

d R&D support system became necessary. The revamping of o r

p JBCRI into MGIRI based on a 'hub and spokes model' took

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AIVIA sections taken over by JBCRI were: Khadi, Oil & h a

Ghani, Pottery, Honey Bee, Village Oil Industries, Paper, w a J

Soap non-edible oil M P

Sections added were : n e h t

Food Processing, Bio-chemistry, Lime Industries, e

Instrumentation h T A number of innovations and products were brought out by the various departments of JBCRI: r r o o t Papad making m/c TLC instrument t a a c c i Poha making machine FFA testing kit i t t r r o Paper drying racks, pulverizer Distemper cleaning powder o c c e e d

Ground nut decorticator Mahua syrup d

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Neem seed decorticator Protein rich products u e n e - s

Paddy de-husker Banana fig (Angir) d

n m Low cost potter's wheel Neem spray u e o r Veneer peeling machine Daal chakki e G N

Registration details:

Title: MGIRI Newsletter Editor: Dr T Karunakaran Printer: MGIRI, Wardha Periodicity: Monthly Publisher: Dr T Karunakaran Nr.: MAHBIL 05736 / 13-1-2009-TC Language: English / Hindi Place of publication: Wardha

www.mgiri.org 2 EDITORIAL: RURAL ECONOMIC ZONE (REZ) A Model of Rural Industrialisation infrastructure like storage, marketing, banking etc. besides structures to intervene into essential topics like waste disposal.

In the above cotton was taken purely for the purpose of illustration. One could, in the case of Vidarbha, consider soya bean, orange, turmeric, etc also.

Further, the ethnic resources of the region also serves as a base on which the REZ builds the industrial structure. Most importantly knowledge connectivity through appropriate institutional linkage is also a very essential part of REZ since it is through this the rural industries could be made globally competitive in terms of product innovation, quality and productivity.

The story of Mr R Elango who created a model Panchayat REZ, a theme proposed by MGIRI was adopted as a in Kuthambakkam assured the gathering that models suitable model for Rural Industrialization in a National like REZ could be realised in practice. Mr Elango also Workshop organized by Mahatma Gandhi Institute for explained how he built a network economy for a cluster Rural Industrialization, Wardha (MGIRI) in collaboration of 20 villages in the neighbourhood purely on the with the Indian Academy of Social Sciences, Allahabad principle of producing the basic needs of the village during 16-17, Nov. 2009 at Wardha. About 40 experts on through the village industries situated in the cluster. He industrialization besides scientists and activists from all indicated that this process created employment to about over the country gathered at Wardha to participate in the 35 percent of the landless families which constituted 50 above workshop organised in honour of Mrs percent of the households in the cluster. Krishnamma Jaganathan a distinguished Sarvodaya activists who won the Right Livelihood Award (Alternate Various sessions of the workshop were dedicated to Nobel Prize) and OPUS Prize Award of the Seattle analyse prominent global models of industrialization like University, USA for the year 2008. The workshop was JETRO of Japan and OTOP of Thailand along with the coordinated by Dr T Karunakaran, Director of MGIRI and Rural Business Hub (RBH) model recently introduced in Dr N P Chaubey, General Secretary of Indian Academy of India and it was found that the concept of cluster and the Social Sciences (IASS ). mechanisms of technology delivery are indeed fundamental. Dr Jitendra Kumar of ICICI Knowledge The workshop mainly centred around the REZ model Park, Hyderabad indicated that through the which was presented by Dr T Karunakaran and the incorporation of an incubator component in REZ it is 'Kuthambakkam Cluster Experiment' presented by Mr possible to upgrade the products based on traditional Elango former scientist of CSIR who became three times wisdom and shape them into globally competitive president ofDr Kuthambakkam T Karunakaran, Panchayat. the firstenterprises. Director of MGIRI

The REZ model was prompted by problem-stricken areas While Mrs Sharmishta Gandhi emphasized the need to like Vidarbha where even commercial cultivation has ensure market potential for the rural products, Mrs become a puzzle to the agriculturists. The 'Agrindus' Vaishali Patil cautioned that the REZ should avoid the philosophy used in the REZ model considers agriculture anti-people syndromes of SEZ. It was clarified that since and its value addition (rural industries) as a continuum the proposal for an REZ emerges from willing and aims to enhance the profit margin of the panchayats or their federations, the question of land agriculturists by empowering them to be owners of the acquisition does not arise. Further, since a predominant technologies related to the 1st level value addition - for portion of the SHG-based 'people's production' process example instead of parting with cotton the farmer will be is meant to satisfy the basic needs of the people the evils selling either ginned cotton or after it is converted into associated with the market forces will be by and large roving. The model also considers women's SHGs, absent. farmer's federation and artisan's guilds as its constituent - Editor units and this 'social connectivity' and its implied distributive justice is foundational principle of the model. In the case of cotton the women's SHGs will be involved in Solar Charkha based spinning, weaving and cost effective modes of garment production. In fact REZ is not an industrial estate surrounded by four walls. It is a network that integrates the house level activities (spinning) with village cluster level activities (for example dyeing, printing, garmenting) and further with activities that are viable only at the level of the zone (for example evolving innovative designs in a 'design studio'). The REZ also organises the necessary advanced facilities like packing and also ensures quality guidance and linkages besides essential infrastructure Dr N P Chaubey making concluding remarks. Shri Narendra Dubey like alternate energy inputs, e-connectivity, business and Dr T Karunakaran are seen in the dais.

3 MGIRI Newsletter : December 2009 Kuthambakkam Panchayat a model village development nurtured by Mr R Elango

uthambakkam in institutions like CFTRI, CECRI, Regional Laboratories, KDist. Thiruvallur, CSIR, IITs, KVIC, Hudco, technological NGOs like Tamilnadu was a very Development Alternatives, ITRCs, etc. backward village prior to For more details see www.modelvillageindia.org.in 1996 with communal disharmony, poor basic (*T Karunakaran, 'Rural Growth Networks' published by STEP infrastructure (water, 1987, MGCGV 2000) sanitation, roads, street Activities for a 20 village cluster lights, schools, etc). It Food related: also had a lot of 1. Rice mills .... 8 2. Padddy processing units .... 60 unemployed youth with 3. Tur Daal (Yelloow pulses) mill .... 8 unsecured livelihood. The main money-spinning 4. Other type of Daal mills .... 1 profession was illicit arrack brewing and hence violence 5. Oil mill .... 8 against women and children were common. 6. Bakery items .... 3 7. Confectionery products .... 1 8. Flour mill .... 4 Mr R Elango, an ex-CSIR Scientist, who became President 9. Miscellaneous (e.g. pickles, papad, masalas etc) .... 2 of the Panchayat in 1996, was inspired by the study of 10. Milk processing .... 6 11. Tea packaging / coffee processing .... 2 development models like Anna Hazare's - Watershed 12. Iodized salt .... 1 Management, Dr Parameswara Rao's - Wasteland 13. Vegetables .... 2 Development, Dr T Karunakaran's - Rural Growth Construction materials: 1. Brick manufacturing units (VSBK) .... 1 Networks Model*, Dr M P Parameswaran's - Swadeshi 2. Painting materials .... 1 Movement. His path breaking initiative began with the 3. Plastic recycling (road repairing materials) .... 1 creation of a vibrant Gramsabha, community mobilization, 4. Tiles .... 1 livelihood based on local resources and local needs 5. Mud blocks .... 3 6. Precast materials / cement water tanks .... 2 besides employment generation through Panchayat Cosmetic and other consumables: activities including housing for all, creation of urban 1. Bathing soaps .... 3 amenities in rural areas etc. 2. Washing soaps / detergent .... 6 3. Tooth paste / tooth powder .... 1 4. Shampoo / shaving cream .... 1 In the opinion of Mr R Elango, 20 villages considered 5. Hair oils .... 1 together as a cluster could become self reliant, if they join 6. Tailoring .... 2 hands and have a livelihood program involving 350 7. Textile products (pillow covers, bed sheets etc) .... 3 8. Candles, Incense .... 2 families using the 28 women's Self Help Groups, 7 men’s 9. Paper recycling units .... 2 Self Help Groups and 7 Marginal Farmers’ Group together 10. Cattle feed .... 2 having 13 production units. The activities could involve 11. Weaving .... 4 12. Electrical gadgets .... 2 organic farming, food processing, cosmetics / toilet items. 13. School note books .... 1 There could be habitat-related activities like construction 14. School bags / shopping bags .... 1 materials, textiles, chemicals, bio-herbal and 15. Compost from waste organic .... 10 neutraciticals products, art and crafts besides services (for 16. Food processing (jams, squash) .... 2 17. Furniture, carpentry .... 1 details see box item). 18. Ornaments (silver & gold) .... 1 19. Utencils .... 1 A number of innovative techniques were adopted to 20. Plastic products .... 1 21. Plastic recycling .... 1 achieve the set goals. Rural industrialization was made 22. Battery production units .... 1 possible by making use of unutilized and abandoned land Service Industries: belonging to the panchayats. Kuthambakkam panchayat 1. Transport operators .... 5 also succeeded in establishing activities related to stove 2. Electric repairs .... 2 3. Auto repairs .... 2 burner production, first aid kits packaging etc. The secret 4. Taxi services .... 3 of rural industrilisation of Kuthambakkam was that its 5. Internet café / STD shop .... 1 leader could access the above technologies from 6. Trading shops (3 per village) .... 45

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www.mgiri.org 4 Felicitation of Distinguished Sarvodaya activist and Bhoodan worker

Padmashree Krishnamma Jaganathan on her receiving Right Livelihood Award (Stockholm) and OPUS Prize Award by Seattle University, USA in 2009

rishnamma was born in a landless Dalit family in 1926 Kat Ayyankottai, Dindigul District. She was adopted by Dr Soundaram Ramachandran, Gandhiji's disciple and founder of Gandhigram Trust and became a graduate of the famous American College, Madurai. The intercaste marriage between Bhoodan-Sarvodaya leader Jagannathan and Krishanamma was solemnised by Dr J C Kumarappa.

The life of the couple merged with the national movement: Non-cooperation, Civil disobedience, Quit India, Mrs Krishnamma Jagannathan being honoured through a citation Satyagrahas, etc. In February 1946 they were with presented through Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna on 16-11-2009. Also seen in Gandhiji during his visit to Madurai. During 1953-1967 the the picture are Dr T Karunakaran, Director of MGIRI, Dr Alexander, former Chief Secretary of Karnataka and Dr Vibha Gupta, Chairperson of couple walked with Vinobhaji when 4 million acres of land Magan Sangrahalya. The event was organised by the scientists of MGIRI was mobilised as donation. As a follow up activity ASSEFA on behalf of the constructive workers of Wardha. (Association of Sarva Seva Farms) was started by Jaganathan and was developed in six states. were able to recover 23,000 acres of land from the Mahant Krishnammal and Jagannathan established the of a temple and to distribute among the landless poor. 'Constructive Worker's Home' in Gandhigram, Tamilnadu to train hundreds of workers to carry on the constructive Krishnammal formed Village-based women cooperatives programme of Gandhiji. to save money and collectively purchase the land from the landowners. By 2007 LAFTI had transferred 13,000 acres On December 25, 1968 there was a mass killing of 44 of land to equal number of families through the land- Harijan women and children at Keelavenmani in Thanjavur purchase program, a people-based action for non-violent district following a wage dispute on December 25, 1968. peaceful transfer of land. This horrific event took the warriors there to liberate the landless poor and Dalits from bondage and slavery. Krishnamma launched 'people-participatory-environment- Krishnammal and Jagannathan began their first struggle in friendly' house-building project in which at least one adult getting the temple land owned by a benami-landlord to be member of the family contributes labour and completes a distributed among the landless. Their struggle for getting houses for about 2000 families. Her dream is to build 5000 land for Harijans became successful in many places to 10,000 houses. including a massive struggle in Bodh Gaya where they It is a triumph of truth that after 40 years the same landlords whose families were involved in the massacre of 1968 are placing their land at the disposal of LAFTI and requesting that their lands be made use of in the programme of LAFTI to give one acre of land to each Dalit family. This indeed is a revolution unparalleled in this country.

The nation was proud to hear that the towering Satyagrahi leaders Padmashree Krishnammal & Padmashree Jaganathan were honoured through the Right Livelihood Award (Alternate Nobel Prize) of Stockholm in 2009. Krishnammalji also received the OPUS Prize Award by the Seattle University, USA, besides a dozen other Awards including the Lifetime Achievement Award, Women's World Summit Award, Bhagwan Mahavir Award, Jamnalal Bajaj Award besides Padmashree.

In the life of Krishnammal and Jaganathan the nation has seen the success of Gandhian Satyagraha and

Krishnammal Jagannathan receiving the Alternative Nobel Prize from Sarvodaya. No wonder the Stockholm citation called Jakob von Uexkull, chairman, The Right Livelihood Award, Stockholm Krishnamma the soul of India.

5 MGIRI Newsletter : December 2009 ORIENTOARTIONIENT OFAT IMOGIRI’N OFs SCIMGENTISIRI STTSAF (PF ART- III 1)

MGIRI scientists examining khadi & village MGIRI team interacting with the Directors Smt Kumudben Joshi Chairperson of KVIC industries products in the market. and Technical Officers of KVIC and interacting with the Scientists of MGIRI on understanding their expectations. May 9-10, 2009 at Nashik.

MGIRI team visiting the Bakery unit at MGIRI's scientific team studying the MGIRI's scientists studying the possibility Nashik. possibility of reviving the soap unit, Nashik. of reviving a defunct unit at Nashik.

GIRI's scientists visited the Mheadquarters of KVIC and three of its field centres during May 9-12, 2009. The visit to Nashik had a creative agenda, namely to help revamp the campus into an apex national training centre capable of providing leadership to nearly 50 other campuses across the country.

MGIRI scientists visited Borivali Campus of Examining one of the training programs in Among the 'other' campuses the KVIC on May 10-11, 2009 with a view to the Borivali campus. Dahanu campus and the Borivali rejuvenate it. campuses typically represent centres for rural products and urban products respectively. The Dahanu centre when revamped is hoped to emerge as a major centre for prototype design and fabrication. The Borivali centre, if salvaged from its various problems, could emerge into a sophisticated training centre for export products.

MGIRI's phase-1 report has led to certain actions. It is expected to be Scientific team of MGIRI discussing with MGIRI Scientists trying to understand the followed by similar inputs in respect Mr Keshri, Principal, GNMDTC, Dahanu. effectiveness of training in the Dahanu of other campuses of KVIC. campus.

The second part of ‘MGIRI’s Interface Partners’ could not be covered in this issue for want of space. The same will be continued from the January 2010 issue. – Editor

www.mgiri.org 6 Forthcoming Events

Events Dat e Collaborating agenc y / Conta ct Exhibition of Technologies of MGIRI and its interface 28 Nov. – 27 Dec . Gujarat Khadi Gramodyog Mahamandal, Institutions at Surat 200 9 Sura t Consultative meeting on strategizing a housing element 1 Dec. 200 9 Indian Association of Engineers, Sangam movement Hotel, Madurai, Tamilnad u Consultative meeting to set up Research & Development 8 Dec. 200 9 KVIC State Offic e, Gujar at Centre for Development of Khadi Technology in Gujara t How modern Tools of Information Technology help Micro 9 Dec. 200 9 Vidarbha Industries Association, Nagp ur and small Industries to be globally competitiv e Exhibition of Technologies of MGIRI in Wardha Vardin i 12–18 Dec. 200 9 Magansangrahalaya Samiti, Wardh a Training on Bio-Fertilizers, Bio-pesticide 15–30 Dec. 200 9 DIC & MCED, Wardh a Strategizing globally competitive Craft-based Industries in 17–18 Dec. 200 9 Magansangrahalaya Samiti, Wardh a select directions Exhibition of Technologies of MGIRI in Bharat Nirman 21– 25 Dec. 200 9 Organized by Information & Broadcasting Exhibition Dept., Governme nt of Ind ia Consultative meeting on Khadi cluster formation in 24 Dec. 200 9 Metpalli Khadi Gramodyog Sansthan, Hyderabad Metpalli (meeting organized by MGIR I) Demonstration and process of Energy efficient pottery / kil n 29 Dec. 200 9 Gramodyog Sangh, Bhadraw ati

Recent Events

The Bio-processing team of MGIRI visited Lekha The MGIRI team headed by Dr K R Yadav visited In depth training in HPTLC (High Precision Thin Mendha village on 26-27 Oct, 2009 to help create CIAE, Bhopal from 16-18 Sept, 2009 to study the Layer Chromotography) to the lab scientists of a model NTMFP based micro industry cluster in value added soya products. They also attended MGIRI during 6-11 Oct, 2009 at ANCHROM, this village to which Govt. has assigned 1500 hec. of forest. MPCST Seminar ‘Dasha Evam Disha’. Mumbai.

Training to disseminate Vegetable Dyes MGIRI Scientists visited Indian Institute of Member of Parliament Mr Datta Meghe visited Technology organized by the Craft and Engg. Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi (ICAR) from MGIRI on 14 Nov. 2009 and had discussion with Division of MGIRI on Nov 13, 2009. Oct. 5-10, 2009 for the study of Lac processing. Deputy Secretary Mr Angshuman Dey and Dr T Karunakaran, Director of MGIRI.

Smt Krishnammal Jaganathan the winner of 2008 Alternate Nobel Prize being felicitated by Shri Sundaralal Bahuguna, a noted environ- mentalist of Chipko movement with a citation on behalf of MGIRI on Nov. 16, 2009 at Magansangrahalaya, Maganwadi, Wardha.

Dr T Karunakaran, Director of MGIRI explaining the concept of REZ (Rural Economic Zone) to the Indian Community Activists Network (ICAN) Workshop on 25 Nov. 2009 in Sevagram. 7 MGIRI Newsletter : December 2009 MAH BIL05736 / 13-1-2009-TC MGIRI IN NEWS

Rural economic zone mooted to promote self-reliance Sanjeev Chandan | TNN since this is considered to be an Deoli and Ashti zones will be 20 November 2009 economically viable size for developed for craft and Khadi sharing not only amenities for clusters. Wardha will also be Wardha: The idea of setting up quality living but also for developed as a centre for a rural economic zone (REZ) providing infrastructure tourism under the scheme. which will emerge as a self- needed for industries to These centres will train youths reliant community was floated survive. The cluster will with different ideologies and by scientists of Mahatma comprise farmers, weavers, leadership qualities. Language Gandhi Institute of Rural artisans, self-help groups and parks, rural technology Industrialisation (MGIRI), women. The economy of such m u s e u m a n d w o m e n Wardha at a two-day workshop regions would be built on local technologies park will also held here. This economic zone agricultural resources or local form part of the rural economic will be a cluster of rural ethnic resources. zone. Sources said that a micro panchayats. A team of 35 rural industries cluster situated in the scientists, led by MGIRI The REZ will develop middle of a REZ can help consolidate supporting system - director T Karunakaran, has processing industries for be it energy, quality control and been working for the last three cotton, turmeric, bananas and other agricultural products. The advanced facilities like months to give shape to the packaging and linkages. project which will be called as processing industries will be Vidarbha-1. developed in Wardha, Selu, Ashti, Arvi, Deoli, Karanja and Sundarlal Bahuguna, leader of Chipko movement and a The cluster of rural panchayats Hinganghat blocks which have been designed for Wardha and staunch environmentalist, was incorporated in the zone will be present at the workshop. limited to its 50,000 population Selu zones respectively. Selu,

Edited and published by Dr T Karunakaran, Director, MGIRI, Wardha Layout and typesetting by Mr Arun Shanker

www.mgiri.org 87