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Under the Board of Moral and Social Sciences Studies by Ratanlal Bramha Dr. Maroti Chandoba Pawar

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Under the Board of Moral and Social Sciences Studies by Ratanlal Bramha Dr. Maroti Chandoba Pawar ROLE OF CIVll., SOCIETY TO CURB CORRUPTION IN INDIA IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN 2005 AND 2012 A Thesis SUBMITTED TO TILAK MAHARASHTRA VIDY APEETH, PUNE FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PIDLOSOPHY In Political Science Under the Board of Moral and Social Sciences Studies By Ratanlal Bramha Registration No- 02111000801 Under the Guidance of Dr. Maroti Chandoba Pawar DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE January 2019 CERTIFICATE OF THE SUPERVISOR It is certified that work entitled - ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY TO CURB CORRUPTION IN INDIA IN THE PERIOD OF 2005 AND 2011 is an original research work done by Ratanlal Brahma. Under my supervision for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science to be awarded by Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune. To best ofmy knowledge this thesis • embodies the work of candidate himself • has duly been completed • fulfils the requirement of the ordinance related to Ph. D. degree ofthe TMV • up to the standard in respect ofboth content and language for being referred to the examiner. Signature of the Supervisor (Dr. Maroti Chandoba Pawar) .c: p~ r r • ~~... so !'j '- . ..tl t i\rl ·dkar d ~ oj Ivr::rsit , .. "_":.: ad. Undertaking I Ratanlal Brahma am a Ph. D Scholar of the Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth in Political Science subject. Thesis entitled: ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY TO CURB CORRUPTION IN INDIA IN THE PERIOD OF 2005 AND 2011 under the supervision of Dr Maroti Chandoba Pawar, Solemnly affmn that the thesis submitted by me is my own work. I have not copied it from any source. I have gone through extensive review of literature of t.he related published I unpublished research works and the use of such references made has been acknowledged in my thesis. The title and the content of research are original. I understand that, in case of any complaint especially plagiarism. regarding my Ph.D. research from any party, I have to go through the enquiry procedure as decided by the Vidyapeeth at any point of time. I understand that, if my Ph.D. thesis (or part of it) is found duplicate at any point of time, my research degree will be withdrawn and in such circumstances, I will be solely responsible and liable for any consequences arises thereby. I will not hold the TMV, Pune responsible and liable in any case. I have signed the above undertaking after reading carefully and knowing all the aspects therein. Signature~~ Address: VILL-PASTffiARl, PO-LALMATI, TUMBAGAN, DIST-KOKRAJHAR-783332 Ph.No: 9860937926 e-mail: [email protected] Date: 17.12.2018 Place: Pone Acknowledgments I thank Almighty God, Honorable Vice Chancellor Dr. Deepak Tilak sir for providing me the opportunity of doing this research at Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth. I would like to thank my guide Dr. Maroti Chandoba Pawar, HOD Dept Political Science Dr. Manik Sonawane, Dr. Vishal ladhav, my parents and family members particularly my beloved wife, all my close friends, Dr. Avinash Kulkarni, Prof. Sheebu Nair, Library staff of TMV, officials of Ph.D section and every one for extending their valuable help as and when called for. Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION Pg 1-26 1. 1. Background 1.1.1 Civil Society 1.1.2 Four levels of Civil Society 1.1.3 Civil Society and Right to Information 1.1.4 Indian Civil Society of Right to information 1.1.5 Types of corruption 1.1.6 Political Corruption 1.2 Indian Democracy 1.3 Indian Bureaucracy (corruption in a democracy) 1.4 Background of Corruption in Ancient India 1.5 Scenario of Corruption in study period 1.6. India’s step to curb corruption 1.6.1 Movement phase 1.6.2 The significant role of Shri. Anna Hazare 1.6.3 Lokpal bill 1.7 Civil Society in India 1.8 Summary 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Pg 27- 54 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Pg 55- 64 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Research Problem 3.3 Statement of the Study 3.4 The purpose of the Study 3.5 The scope of the study 3.6 Significance of the study 3.7 Objectives 3.8 Hypothesis 3.9 Research Questions 3.10 Variables of the Study 3.11 Source of Data 3.12 Limitations of the study 3.13 Sampling design 3.14 The period of study and the area selected 3.15 Data analysis and interpretation 3.16 Theoretical building concept 3.17 Chapter Scheme 3.17.1 Chapter one- Introduction 3.17.2 Chapter two- Review of the literature 3.17.3 Chapter three- Research methodology 3.17.4 Chapter four- Civil Society’s role in bringing Right to information 3.17.5 Chapter Five- Civil Society and Anti-corruption movement 3.17.6 Chapter six- Conclusions findings and suggestions 3.18 Conclusion 4. DISCOURSE ANALYSIS Pg 65- 121 4.1 Introduction: 4.2 The early history of the concept 4.3 Modern concept of civil society 4.4 The return of the civil society debate 4.5 The contemporary critique of the civil society theory 4.6 Civil society in the Third World 4.7 Civil Society in India 4.8 Social Movements in India 4.9 Trends of Social Movements in India 4.10 Anti-Corruption Movement in India 4.11 Anna Hazare’s Life and History : A critical push to the Movement 4.12 The Grassroots RTI Movement: (Rajasthan) 4.13 Other Civil Society Groups: 4.14 The National RTI Coalition: 4.15 Movement for Right to Information: 4.16 History of Right to Information: 4.17 RTI and good governance: 4.18 RTI: A tool to tackle Corruption: 4.19 Conclusion: 5. DATA ANALYSIS Pg 122- 145 5.1 Background 5.2 World view on corruption 5.3 Group wise view. 5.3.1 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) 5.3.2 Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) 5.3.3 G20 5.3.4 BRICS 5.4 India view on corruption 5.5 Scams in India 5.5.1 Zone wise number of scams 5.6 Case studies of zone–wise scams 5.6.1 National Rural Health Mission scam – NRHM (Uttar Pradesh) 5.6.2 Common Wealth Games scam- CWG (New Delhi) 5.6.3 Bellary mining scam (Karnataka) 5.6.4 2G Spectrum scam (Tamil Nadu) 5.6.5 MGNREGA Scam (Odisha) 5.6.6 Solar Scam (Bihar) 5.6.7 Adarsh Housing scam (Maharashtra) 5.6.8 State bank of Saurashtra scam (Gujarat) 5.7 Anti-corruption measures 6. CONCLUSION Pg 146- 156 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Suggestions 6.3 Conclusions BIBLOGRAPHY Pg 157- 166 ANNEXURE Pg 167-168 List of Tables Table 5.1 Year wise corruption ranking Pg 123 Table 5.2 CPI representation of SAARC members Pg 128 Table 5.3 CPI representation of BIMSTEC members Pg 129 Table 5.4 CPI representation of G20 members Pg 131 Table 5.5 CPI representation of BRICS members Pg 133 Table 5.6 Corruption perception State rankings Pg 134 Table 5.7 Index of measures against corruption Pg 144 List of Charts Figure No 5.1 Average CPI Ranking of SAARC members Pg 128 Figure No 5.2 Average CPI Ranking of BIMSTEC members Pg 130 Figure No 5.3 Average CPI Ranking of G20 members Pg 132 Figure No 5.4 Average CPI Ranking of BRICS members Pg 133 Figure 5.5 Average States Ranking Pg 135 Figure 5.6 Number of Scams in the study period Pg 136 Figure 5.7 Zone wise number of Scams in the study period Pg 137 Figure 5.8 Average States Index of measures against corruption Pg 145 1. INTRODUCTION 1. 1. Background 1.1.1 Civil Society 1.1.2 Four levels of Civil Society 1.1.3 Civil Society and Right to Information 1.1.4 Indian Civil Society of Right to information 1.1.5 Types of corruption 1.1.6 Political Corruption 1.2 Indian Democracy 1.3 Indian Bureaucracy (corruption in a democracy) 1.4 Background of Corruption in Ancient India 1.5 Scenario of Corruption in study period 1.6. India’s step to curb corruption 1.6.1 Movement phase 1.6.2 The significant role of Shri. Anna Hazare 1.6.3 Lokpal bill 1.7 Civil Society in India 1.8 Summary 1 1. 1. Background Considering the context of corruption in India we can see that there are references to this subject even in ancient times. In economic context, Kautialya says that this issue can be seen at several levels viz political, administrative and in business areas. He further mentions that government personnel indulge in corrupt practices and consume a portion of the State income. This is even true in the modern era. The misuse of power can be seen worldwide. None of the governmental systems have been able to eradicate corruption completely. Historically this issue can be seen since ancient times in all places. Giving and taking of bribes were rampant in Egypt, Babylon and Greece on a large scale. .As the Greek nation State underwent development the authorities associated with power stated to misuse it. When economic development took place then the value system went down the drain and the political commitments took a back seat. In human society the need for law and ethics are paramount. Even though the right to liberty is fundamental the need for regulating human behavior to suit the society is equally important. Corruption is part and parcel of a constitutional types of governments as per Gibbons. This cannot be accepted completely as a fact as it has been equally true for other type governmental structures.
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