DOCSLIB.ORG

Shipworms Play Critical Roles in Recycling Wood in the Sea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Shipworms Play Critical Roles in Recycling Wood in the Sea bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/826933; this version posted April 6, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Secondary metabolism in the gill microbiota of shipworms (Teredinidae) as revealed by 2 comparison of metagenomes and nearly complete symbiont genomes 3 4 Authors: Marvin A. Altamiaa,b*, Zhenjian Linc*, Amaro E. Trindade-Silvad,e, Iris Diana Uyb,f, J. 5 Reuben Shipwayg, Diego Veras Wilkee, Gisela P. Concepcionb,f, Daniel L. Distela, Eric W. 6 Schmidtc**, Margo G. Haygoodc** 7 8 9 aOcean Genome Legacy Center, Department of Marine and Environmental Science, 10 Northeastern University, Nahant, MA, USA 11 bThe Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, 12 Philippines 13 cDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah 14 dBioinformatic and Microbial Ecology Laboratory - BIOME, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 15 Bahia, Brazil 16 eDrug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal 17 University of Ceara, 60430275, Ceara, Brazil 18 fPhilippine Genome Center, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines 19 gInstitute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK 20 21 *authors contributed equally, author order was determined alphabetically 22 **co-corresponding authors 23 24 25 Abstract 26 Shipworms play critical roles in recycling wood in the sea. Symbiotic bacteria 27 supply enzymes that the organisms need for nutrition and wood degradation. 28 Some of these bacteria have been grown in pure culture and have the 29 capacity to make many secondary metabolites. However, little is known about 30 whether such secondary metabolite pathways are represented in the symbiont 31 communities within their hosts. In addition, little has been reported about the 32 patterns of host-symbiont co-occurrence. Here, we collected shipworms from 33 the United States, the Philippines, and Brazil, and cultivated symbiotic 34 bacteria from their gills. We analyzed sequences from 22 shipworm gill 35 metagenomes from seven shipworm species and from 23 cultivated symbiont 36 isolates. Using (meta)genome sequencing, we demonstrate that the cultivated 37 isolates represent all the major bacterial symbiont species and strains in 38 shipworm gills. We show that the bacterial symbionts are distributed among 39 shipworm hosts in consistent, predictable patterns. The symbiotic bacteria 40 encode many biosynthetic gene cluster families (GCFs) for bioactive 41 secondary metabolites, only <5% of which match previously described 42 biosynthetic pathways. Because we were able to cultivate the symbionts, and 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/826933; this version posted April 6, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 43 sequence their genomes, we can definitively enumerate the biosynthetic 44 pathways in these symbiont communities, showing that ~150 out of ~200 total 45 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) present in the animal gill metagenomes are 46 represented in our culture collection. Shipworm symbionts occur in suites that 47 differ predictably across a wide taxonomic and geographic range of host 48 species, and collectively constitute an immense resource for the discovery of 49 new biosynthetic pathways to bioactive secondary metabolites. 50 51 52 Importance 53 We define a system in which the major symbionts that are important to host biology and to the 54 production of secondary metabolites can be cultivated. We show that symbiotic bacteria that 55 are critical to host nutrition and lifestyle also have an immense capacity to produce a multitude 56 of diverse and likely novel bioactive secondary metabolites that could lead to the discovery of 57 drugs, and that these pathways are found within shipworm gills. We propose that, by shaping 58 associated microbial communities within the host, the compounds support the ability of 59 shipworms to degrade wood in marine environments. Because these symbionts can be 60 cultivated and genetically manipulated, they provide a powerful model for understanding how 61 secondary metabolism impacts microbial symbiosis. 62 2 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/826933; this version posted April 6, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 63 Introduction 64 65 Shipworms (Family Teredinidae) are bivalve mollusks found throughout the world’s oceans (1, 66 2). Many shipworms eat wood, assisted by cellulases from intracellular symbiotic γ- 67 proteobacteria that inhabit their gills (Fig. 1) (3-6). Other shipworms use sulfide metabolism, 68 also relying on gill-dwelling γ-proteobacteria for sulfur oxidation (7). Shipworm gill symbionts of 69 several different species are thus essential to shipworm nutrition and survival. One of the most 70 remarkable features of the shipworm system is that wood digestion does not take place where 71 the bacteria are located, so that the bacterial cellulase products are transferred from the gill to 72 a nearly sterile cecum (8), where wood digestion occurs (Fig. 1) (9). This enables the host 73 shipworms to directly consume glucose and other sugars derived from wood lignocellulose and 74 hemicellulose, rather than the less energetic fermentation byproducts of cellulolytic gut 75 microbes as found in other symbioses. Shipworm symbionts are also essential for nitrogen 76 fixation that helps to offset the low nitrogen content of wood (10, 11). Thus, shipworms have 77 evolved structures and mechanisms enabling bacterial metabolism to support animal host 78 nutrition. 79 80 While in many nutritional symbioses the bacteria are difficult to cultivate, shipworm gill 81 symbiotic γ-proteobacteria have been brought into stable culture (5, 12, 13). This led to the 82 discovery that these bacteria are exceptional sources of secondary metabolites (14). Of bacteria 83 with sequenced genomes, the gill symbionts Teredinibacter turnerae T7901 and related strains 84 are among the richest sources of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), comparable in content to 85 famous producers of commercial importance such as Streptomyces spp. (13-16). This implies 86 that shipworms might be a good source of new compounds for drug discovery. Of equal 87 importance, the symbiotic bacteria are crucial to survival of host shipworms, and bioactive 88 secondary metabolites might play a role in shaping those symbioses. 89 90 An early analysis of the turnerae T7901 genome revealed nine complex polyketide synthase 91 (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) BGCs (14). One of these was shown to 92 produce a novel catecholate siderophore, turnerbactin, which is crucial in obtaining iron and to 93 the survival of the symbiont in nature (17). A second BGC synthesizes the borated polyketide 94 tartrolons D/E, which are antibiotic and potently antiparasitic compounds (18). Both were 95 detected in the extracts of shipworms, implying a potential role in producing the remarkable 96 near sterility observed in the cecum (8). These data suggested specific roles for secondary 97 metabolism in shipworm ecology. 98 99 T. turnerae T7901 is just one of multiple strains and species of γ-proteobacteria living 100 intracellularly in shipworm gills (3, 12), and thus these analyses just begin to describe shipworm 101 secondary metabolism. Many shipworm species are generalists, consuming wood from a variety 102 of sources (1, 19). Other wood-eaters, such as Dicyathifer mannii, Bactronophorus thoracites, 103 and Neoteredo reynei, are specialists that live in the submerged branches, trunks and rhizomes 104 of mangroves (20, 21). There, they play an important role in ecological processes in mangrove 105 ecosystems, i.e. transferring large amount of carbon fixed by mangroves to the marine 106 environment (19). Several shipworm species, such as Kuphus polythalamius, live in other 3 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/826933; this version posted April 6, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 107 substrates. K. polythalamius often is found in sediment habitats (as well as in wood) where its 108 gill symbionts are crucial to sulfide oxidation and carry out carbon fixation (7). K. polythalamius 109 lacks significant amounts of cellulolytic symbionts such as T. turnerae, and instead contains 110 Thiosocius teredinicola, which oxidizes sulfide and generates energy for the host (22). Other 111 shipworms are found in solid rock and in seagrass (23, 24). Thus, gill symbionts vary, but in all 112 cases the symbionts appear to be essential to the survival of shipworms. 113 114 While the potential of T. turnerae as an unexplored producer of secondary metabolites has 115 been described (14, 16), the capacity of other shipworm symbionts is still largely unknown. 116 Moreover, several
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wood-Eating Bivalves Daniel L
    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine University of Maine Office of Research and Special Collections Sponsored Programs: Grant Reports 1-27-2006 Evolution of Endosymbiosis in (xylotrophic) Wood-Eating Bivalves Daniel L. Distel Principal Investigator; University of Maine, Orono Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/orsp_reports Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Distel, Daniel L., "Evolution of Endosymbiosis in (xylotrophic) Wood-Eating Bivalves" (2006). University of Maine Office of Research and Sponsored Programs: Grant Reports. 133. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/orsp_reports/133 This Open-Access Report is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Maine Office of Research and Sponsored Programs: Grant Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Annual Report: 0129117 Annual Report for Period:06/2004 - 06/2005 Submitted on: 01/27/2006 Principal Investigator: Distel, Daniel L. Award ID: 0129117 Organization: University of Maine Title: Evolution of Endosymbiosis in (xylotrophic) Wood-Eating Bivalves Project Participants Senior Personnel Name: Distel, Daniel Worked for more than 160 Hours: Yes Contribution to Project: Post-doc Graduate Student Name: Luyten, Yvette Worked for more than 160 Hours: Yes Contribution to Project: Graduate student participated in lab research with support from this grant. Name: Mamangkey, Gustaf Worked for more than 160 Hours: Yes Contribution to Project: Gustaf Mamangkey is a lecturer at the Tropical Marine Mollusc Programme, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University,Jl. Kampus UNSRAT Bahu, Manado 95115,Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • TSUNODA, Kunio; NISHIMOTO, Koichi
    Studies on the Shipworms I : The Occurrence and Seasonal Title Settlement of Shipworms. Author(s) TSUNODA, Kunio; NISHIMOTO, Koichi Wood research : bulletin of the Wood Research Institute Kyoto Citation University (1972), 53: 1-8 Issue Date 1972-08-31 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/53408 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Studies on the Shipworms I The Occurrence and Seasonal Settlement of Shipworms. Kunio TSUNODA* and Koichi NISHIMOTO* Abstract--The previous investigation on the occurrence of shipworms in December, 1971 indicated the co-existence of three species of shipworms: Bankia bipalmulata LAMARCK, Teredo navalis LINNAEUS and Lyrodus pedicellatus QUATREFAGES. However, the absence of B. bipalmulata was found in this investigation carried out from February, 1971 to January, 1972. Of these three species, T. navalis was the commonest. In this survey of larval settlement on floating wood surfaces, there was no settlement from January to May, and the first settlement of larvae was not observed until June, when water temperature was over 20°C. The explosive settlement was observed in September. After June, boring damage always occurred when wood blocks were submerged in the sea for over 60 days. Introduction The import of logs into Japan has enormously increased in recent years, and this trend will continue for some time. The imported logs are transported by ship into 85 international trading ports along Japanese coasts. For the last three years the annual amount has been not 3 less than 50,000,000 m , which is equivalent to more than 50 percent of Japan's total wood supply.
    [Show full text]
  • Bankia Setacea Class: Bivalvia, Heterodonta, Euheterodonta
    Phylum: Mollusca Bankia setacea Class: Bivalvia, Heterodonta, Euheterodonta Order: Imparidentia, Myida The northwest or feathery shipworm Family: Pholadoidea, Teredinidae, Bankiinae Taxonomy: The original binomen for Bankia the presence of long siphons. Members of setacea was Xylotrya setacea, described by the family Teredinidae are modified for and Tryon in 1863 (Turner 1966). William Leach distiguished by a wood-boring mode of life described several molluscan genera, includ- (Sipe et al. 2000), pallets at the siphon tips ing Xylotrya, but how his descriptions were (see Plate 394C, Coan and Valentich-Scott interpreted varied. Although Menke be- 2007) and distinct anterior shell indentation. lieved Xylotrya to be a member of the Phola- They are commonly called shipworms (though didae, Gray understood it as a member of they are not worms at all!) and bore into many the Terdinidae and synonyimized it with the wooden structures. The common name ship- genus Bankia, a genus designated by the worm is based on their vermiform morphology latter author in 1842. Most authors refer to and a shell that only covers the anterior body Bankia setacea (e.g. Kozloff 1993; Sipe et (Ricketts and Calvin 1952; see images in al. 2000; Coan and Valentich-Scott 2007; Turner 1966). Betcher et al. 2012; Borges et al. 2012; Da- Body: Bizarrely modified bivalve with re- vidson and de Rivera 2012), although one duced, sub-globular body. For internal anato- recent paper sites Xylotrya setacea (Siddall my, see Fig. 1, Canadian…; Fig. 1 Betcher et et al. 2009). Two additional known syno- al. 2012. nyms exist currently, including Bankia Color: osumiensis, B.
    [Show full text]
  • The Marine Mollusca of Suriname (Dutch Guiana) Holocene and Recent
    THE MARINE MOLLUSCA OF SURINAME (DUTCH GUIANA) HOLOCENE AND RECENT Part II. BIVALVIA AND SCAPHOPODA by G. O. VAN REGTEREN ALTENA Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden "The student must know something of syste- matic work. This is populary supposed to be a dry-as-dust branch of zoology. In fact, the systematist may be called the dustman of biol- ogy, for he performs a laborious and frequently thankless task for his fellows, and yet it is one which is essential for their well-being and progress". Maud D. Haviland in: Forest, steppe and tundra, 1926. CONTENTS Ι. Introduction, systematic survey and page references 3 2. Bivalvia and Scaphopoda 7 3. References 86 4. List of corrections of Part I 93 5. Plates 94 6. Addendum 100 1. INTRODUCTION, SYSTEMATIC SURVEY AND PAGE REFERENCES In the first part of this work, published in 1969, I gave a general intro- duction to the Suriname marine Mollusca ; in this second part the Bivalvia and Scaphopoda are treated. The system (and frequently also the nomen- clature) of the Bivalvia are those employed in the "Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, (N) Mollusca 6, Part I, Bivalvia, Volume 1 and 2". These volumes were issued in 1969 and contain the most modern system of the Bivalvia. For the Scaphopoda the system of Thiele (1935) is used. Since I published in 1968 a preliminary list of the marine Bivalvia of Suriname, several additions and changes have been made. I am indebted to Messrs. D. J. Green, R. H. Hill and P. G. E. F. Augustinus for having provided many new coastal records for several species.
    [Show full text]
  • Bivalvia: Teredinidae) in Drifted Eelgrass
    Short Notes 263 The Rhizome-Boring Shipworm Zachsia zenkewitschi (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) in Drifted Eelgrass Takuma Haga Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan The shipworm Zachsia zenkewitschi Bulatoff & free-swimming larval stage. Turner & Yakovlev Rjabtschikoff, 1933 lives inside the rhizomes of the (1983) observed that the larvae swam mostly near eelgrasses Phyllospadix and Zostera (Helobiales; the bottom of a culture dish in their laboratory. Zosteraceae) and has sporadic distribution records They hypothesized that in natural environments the from Primorskii Krai (=Primoriye Region) to larvae can swim only for short distances within the Siberia in the Russian Far East and in Japanese eelgrass beds and that wide dispersal might have waters (Higo et al., 1999). Its detailed distribution been achieved through long-distance transporta- and habitats have been surveyed in detail only tion of the host eelgrass by accidental drifting. locally along the coast of Vladivostok in Primoriye However, this hypothesis has not been verified to (Turner et al., 1983; Fig. 1F). In Japanese waters, date. this species has been recorded in only three cata- This report is the first documentation of Z. logues of local molluscan faunas (Fig. 1; Inaba, zenkewitschi in drifted rhizomes of eelgrass, and 1982; Kano, 1981; Kuroda & Habe, 1981). These describes the soft animal morphology of this spe- catalogues, however, did not provide information cies. on detailed collecting sites and habitats. This rare species was recently rediscovered along the coast Zachsia zenkewitschi in drift eelgrass of Miyagi Prefecture, northeast Japan (Sasaki et al., 2006; Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Paalwormen Hoewel Hun Naam En Vorm Doet Denken Aan Een Worm, Zijn De Paalworm En De Scheepsworm Tweekleppige Weekdieren, Net Zoals De Mossel of De Kokkel
    Niet-inheemse soorten van het Belgisch deel van de Noordzee en aanpalende estuaria Paalwormen Hoewel hun naam en vorm doet denken aan een worm, zijn de paalworm en de scheepsworm tweekleppige weekdieren, net zoals de mossel of de kokkel. Ze boren gangen in hout. Beide soor- ten hebben zich al vroeg verspreid over alle we- reldzeeën, dankzij transport via scheepsrompen en drijfhout. Hierdoor is het moeilijk te achter- halen waar deze soorten oorspronkelijk vandaan komen. Scheeps- en paalwormen baren de zeelui al eeuwenlang zorgen, doordat ze het hout van schepen aantasten. Ze kregen dan ook de bijnaam ‘termieten van de zee’… paalworm © Marco Faasse (www.acteon.nl) Wetenschappelijke naam Teredo navalis Linnaeus, 1758 - paalworm Psiloteredo megotara (Hanley in Forbes & Hanley, 1848) - scheepsworm Beide soorten behoren tot de familie van de ‘paalwormen’ of de ‘Teredo wormen’. Gezien ze heel sterk op elkaar gelijken in biologie en ecologie, zullen ze in deze fiche samen besproken worden. Oorspronkelijke verspreiding Verschillende klassieke auteurs zoals Aristoteles, Ovidius en Plinius maakten in hun geschriften al melding van paalwormen, zonder echter te weten wat hun identiteit of oorsprong was. Ze verwezen daarbij naar plaatsen in het Middellandse Zeegebied [1,2]. Een eventuele vroege aanwezigheid van paalwormen in de Noord-Europese regio kan niet bevestigd worden. Er zijn immers geen overleveringen of geschriften beschikbaar die rapporteren over schade toegebracht aan Vikingschepen door deze weekdieren [1]. De paalworm heeft vandaag een bijna wereldwijde verspreiding, en komt in Europa voor vanaf het Noordpoolgebied tot in de Middellandse Zee. De scheepsworm daarentegen komt enkel voor van het Noordpoolgebied tot in de Middellandse Zee [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing the Dutch and British Maritime Technologies During the Napoleonic Era (1792–1815)
    Technology and Empire: Comparing the Dutch and British Maritime Technologies during the Napoleonic Era (1792–1815) By Ivor Mollema December, 2015 Director of Thesis: Dr. Lynn Harris Major Department: History The two ships, Bato (1806) and Brunswick (1805) wrecked in Simons Bay, South Africa, provide an opportunity to compare British and Dutch maritime technologies during the Napoleonic Era (1792–1815). The former was a Dutch 74-gun ship of the line and the latter a British East Indiaman. Their remains reveal pertinent information about the maritime technologies available to each European power. Industrial capacity and advanced metal working played a significant role in ship construction initiatives of that period, while the dwindling timber supplies forced invention of new technologies. Imperial efforts during the Napoleonic Era relied on naval power. Maritime technologies dictated imperial strategy as ships were deployed to expand or maintain colonial empires. Naval theorists place the strategy into a wider spectrum and the analysis of the material culture complements further understanding of sea power. The study also recommends management options to preserve the archaeological sites for future study and to showcase for heritage tourism. TECHNOLOGY AND EMPIRE: Comparing Dutch and British Maritime Technologies During the Napoleonic Era (1792–1815) Title Page A Thesis Presented To The Faculty of the Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts, Program in Maritime Studies by Ivor Mollema December, 2015 © Ivor Mollema, 2015 Copyright Page TECHNOLOGY AND EMPIRE: Comparing Dutch and British Maritime Technologies During the Napoleonic Era (1792–1815) by Ivor Mollema Signature Page APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS: ________________________________________________________ Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • TREATISE ONLINE Number 48
    TREATISE ONLINE Number 48 Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 31: Illustrated Glossary of the Bivalvia Joseph G. Carter, Peter J. Harries, Nikolaus Malchus, André F. Sartori, Laurie C. Anderson, Rüdiger Bieler, Arthur E. Bogan, Eugene V. Coan, John C. W. Cope, Simon M. Cragg, José R. García-March, Jørgen Hylleberg, Patricia Kelley, Karl Kleemann, Jiří Kříž, Christopher McRoberts, Paula M. Mikkelsen, John Pojeta, Jr., Peter W. Skelton, Ilya Tëmkin, Thomas Yancey, and Alexandra Zieritz 2012 Lawrence, Kansas, USA ISSN 2153-4012 (online) paleo.ku.edu/treatiseonline PART N, REVISED, VOLUME 1, CHAPTER 31: ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY OF THE BIVALVIA JOSEPH G. CARTER,1 PETER J. HARRIES,2 NIKOLAUS MALCHUS,3 ANDRÉ F. SARTORI,4 LAURIE C. ANDERSON,5 RÜDIGER BIELER,6 ARTHUR E. BOGAN,7 EUGENE V. COAN,8 JOHN C. W. COPE,9 SIMON M. CRAgg,10 JOSÉ R. GARCÍA-MARCH,11 JØRGEN HYLLEBERG,12 PATRICIA KELLEY,13 KARL KLEEMAnn,14 JIřÍ KřÍž,15 CHRISTOPHER MCROBERTS,16 PAULA M. MIKKELSEN,17 JOHN POJETA, JR.,18 PETER W. SKELTON,19 ILYA TËMKIN,20 THOMAS YAncEY,21 and ALEXANDRA ZIERITZ22 [1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, [email protected]; 2University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, [email protected], [email protected]; 3Institut Català de Paleontologia (ICP), Catalunya, Spain, [email protected], [email protected]; 4Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 5South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, [email protected]; 6Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 7North
    [Show full text]
  • RAMIHANGIHAJASON Tolotra Niaina DOCTEUR
    Université d’Antananarivo Domaine : Sciences et Technologies Ecole Doctorale : Sciences de la Terre et de l’Evolution EAD : Ressources Sédimentaires et Changements Globaux THESE Présentée Par RAMIHANGIHAJASON Tolotra Niaina Pour obtenir le grade de : DOCTEUR En Sciences de la Terre et de l’Evolution Spécialité : Paléontologie et Biostratigraphie Soutenue publiquement le 09 Août 2016 Devant le jury composé de : Président : RAKOTONDRAZAFY Raymond, Professeur Rapporteur Interne : RAZAFIMBELO Rachel, Professeur Rapporteur Externe : Laura COTTON, Assistant Professor Examinateurs : RATIARISON Adolphe, Professeur titulaire RAFAMANTANANTSOA Jean Gervais, Professeur titulaire Directeur de thèse : Karen E. S AMONDS, Professor Co-Directeur de thèse : Armand RASOAMIARAMANANA, Maître de Conférences Université d’Antananarivo Domaine : Sciences et Technologies Ecole Doctorale : Sciences de la Terre et de l’Evolution Equipe d’Accueil Doctorale : Ressources Sédimentaires et Changements Globaux THESE Présentée Par RAMIHANGIHAJASON Tolotra Niaina Pour obtenir le grade de : DOCTEUR En Sciences de la Terre et de l’Evolution Spécialité : Paléontologie et Biostratigraphie Soutenue publiquement le 09 Août 2016 Devant le jury composé de : Président : RAKOTONDRAZAFY Raymond, Professeur Rapporteur Interne : RAZAFIMBELO Rachel, Professeur Rapporteur Externe : Laura COTTON, Assistant Professor Examinateurs : RATIARISON Adolphe, Professeur titulaire RAFAMANTANANTSOA Jean Gervais, Professeur titulaire Directeur de thèse : Karen E. SAMONDS, Professor, Co-Directeur de
    [Show full text]
  • SPECIAL PUBLICATION 6 the Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the Great Japan Tsunami of 2011
    PICES SPECIAL PUBLICATION 6 The Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the Great Japan Tsunami of 2011 Editors: Cathryn Clarke Murray, Thomas W. Therriault, Hideaki Maki, and Nancy Wallace Authors: Stephen Ambagis, Rebecca Barnard, Alexander Bychkov, Deborah A. Carlton, James T. Carlton, Miguel Castrence, Andrew Chang, John W. Chapman, Anne Chung, Kristine Davidson, Ruth DiMaria, Jonathan B. Geller, Reva Gillman, Jan Hafner, Gayle I. Hansen, Takeaki Hanyuda, Stacey Havard, Hirofumi Hinata, Vanessa Hodes, Atsuhiko Isobe, Shin’ichiro Kako, Masafumi Kamachi, Tomoya Kataoka, Hisatsugu Kato, Hiroshi Kawai, Erica Keppel, Kristen Larson, Lauran Liggan, Sandra Lindstrom, Sherry Lippiatt, Katrina Lohan, Amy MacFadyen, Hideaki Maki, Michelle Marraffini, Nikolai Maximenko, Megan I. McCuller, Amber Meadows, Jessica A. Miller, Kirsten Moy, Cathryn Clarke Murray, Brian Neilson, Jocelyn C. Nelson, Katherine Newcomer, Michio Otani, Gregory M. Ruiz, Danielle Scriven, Brian P. Steves, Thomas W. Therriault, Brianna Tracy, Nancy C. Treneman, Nancy Wallace, and Taichi Yonezawa. Technical Editor: Rosalie Rutka Please cite this publication as: The views expressed in this volume are those of the participating scientists. Contributions were edited for Clarke Murray, C., Therriault, T.W., Maki, H., and Wallace, N. brevity, relevance, language, and style and any errors that [Eds.] 2019. The Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the were introduced were done so inadvertently. Great Japan Tsunami of 2011, PICES Special Publication 6, 278 pp. Published by: Project Designer: North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) Lori Waters, Waters Biomedical Communications c/o Institute of Ocean Sciences Victoria, BC, Canada P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2 Feedback: www.pices.int Comments on this volume are welcome and can be sent This publication is based on a report submitted to the via email to: [email protected] Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan, in June 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (Available at Journal of Species Lists and Distribution
    Check List 10(3): 609–614, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution N Interesting shipworm (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Teredinidae) records from India ISTRIBUTIO * D Rao M. V. , Pachu A. V. and Balaji M. RAPHIC Wood Biodegradation Centre (Marine), Institute of Wood Science and Technology via Yoga Village, Beach Road, A. U. Post, Visakhapatnam-530 G 003, A.P., India. EO * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] G N O Abstract: In a survey on the occurrence of marine wood boring organisms at Chippada-Rambilli, Visakhapatnam- OTES Bhimunipatnam and Soralgondi-Nachugunta coastal stretches along Bay of Bengal on the east coast of India, a good N Uperotus panamensis (Bartsch), U. lieberkindi (Roch), Teredora malleolus (Turton), Teredo poculifer Iredale and Nototeredo norvagicaassemblage (Spengler) of wood borers, are new especially records teredinidsto India; three were species, collected. namely, Among Teredo these mindanensis samples, five Bartsch, species T.of portoricensisteredinids, namely, Clapp and T. somersi Clapp new to the mainland and one species, namely, Teredothyra matocotana (Bartsch) new to the east coast. Systematic details of these nine teredinid taxa are presented in this communication. DOI: 10.15560/10.3.609 Information on the occurrence and distribution of Clapp, T. clappi Bartsch, T. somersi Clapp, T. indomalaiica marine wood borers in Indian waters relative to the Roch, Nototeredo norvagica (Spengler), N. edax (Hedley), country’s vast coastal stretch is far from satisfactory (Rao Nausitora fusticula (Jeffreys), N. dunlopei Wright, Bankia et al. 2008). Hence, efforts have been renewed to generate carinata (Gray), B.
    [Show full text]
  • The ECPHORA the Newsletter of the Calvert Marine Museum Fossil Club Volume 26  Number 1 March 2011
    The ECPHORA The Newsletter of the Calvert Marine Museum Fossil Club Volume 26 Number 1 March 2011 Stranded Beaked Whale Features Shark Tooth Hill, California Homage to Jean Hooper Calvert Cliffs at Last Serpulid Worm Shells, Corrected Inside May 21 Lecture by Catalina Pimiento ―Giant Shark Babies from Panama‖ Dolphin Limb Donated by USNMNH President’s Message CMMFC Shirt Order(See Page 12) Unfortunately, this adult male beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayi, stranded Fossil Club Field Trips in western Victoria, Australia in January. Museum Victoria collected the and Events whole animal for future research. See an up-close image of the beak on Stranded Beaked Whale page 11. Photo © by Sean Wright; submitted by Erich Fitzgerald. ☼ The Smithsonian Institution recently donated these small dolphin flipper bones to the comparative osteology collection at the Calvert Marine Museum. Many thanks to Charley Potter for arranging/facilitating the donation. ☼ CALVERT MARINE MUSEUM www.calvertmarinemuseum.com 2 The Ecphora March 2011 President's Message in 2009. The phosphate is used for fertilizer and animal feed; the phosphoric acid ends up in that cold bottle of Coca Cola you swig after a day of The weather is warming up in eastern North collecting. Carolina, but it's been a tough 12 months for Much of the demand comes from the collecting south of the border. PCS Aurora skyrocketing need for fertilizer, especially overseas (Miocene) is still closed to fossil collecting as is the in India and China. Late last year rumors circulated Martin Marietta mine in Belgrade (Late Oligocene, that the Chinese were trying to buy the company.
    [Show full text]