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Check List 10(3): 609–614, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution N Interesting shipworm (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Teredinidae) records from India ISTRIBUTIO * D Rao M. V. , Pachu A. V. and Balaji M. RAPHIC Wood Biodegradation Centre (Marine), Institute of Wood Science and Technology via Yoga Village, Beach Road, A. U. Post, Visakhapatnam-530 G 003, A.P., India. EO * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] G N O Abstract: In a survey on the occurrence of marine wood boring organisms at Chippada-Rambilli, Visakhapatnam- OTES Bhimunipatnam and Soralgondi-Nachugunta coastal stretches along Bay of Bengal on the east coast of India, a good N Uperotus panamensis (Bartsch), U. lieberkindi (Roch), Teredora malleolus (Turton), Teredo poculifer Iredale and Nototeredo norvagicaassemblage (Spengler) of wood borers, are new especially records teredinidsto India; three were species, collected. namely, Among Teredo these mindanensis samples, five Bartsch, species T.of portoricensisteredinids, namely, Clapp and T. somersi Clapp new to the mainland and one species, namely, Teredothyra matocotana (Bartsch) new to the east coast. Systematic details of these nine teredinid taxa are presented in this communication. DOI: 10.15560/10.3.609 Information on the occurrence and distribution of Clapp, T. clappi Bartsch, T. somersi Clapp, T. indomalaiica marine wood borers in Indian waters relative to the Roch, Nototeredo norvagica (Spengler), N. edax (Hedley), country’s vast coastal stretch is far from satisfactory (Rao Nausitora fusticula (Jeffreys), N. dunlopei Wright, Bankia et al. 2008). Hence, efforts have been renewed to generate carinata (Gray), B. brevis (Deshayes), B. campanellata data from under explored areas, particularly along the Moll & Roch, B. bipalmulata (Lamarck), B. gracilis Moll, B. east coast. During a few such attempts at Chippada- philippinensis Bartsch, B. destructa Clench, B. fimbriatula Rambilli, Visakhapatnam-Bhimunipatnam and Soralgondi- Moll & Roch, B. australis (Calman), B. bipennata (Turton), Nachugunta coastal stretches along Bay of Bengal (Figure B. nordi 1), a good assemblage of wood borers were recorded new to the country, three species new to the mainland (Rao et al. 2008). These collections were based on pallets and one Moll)species were new obtained.to the east Among coast are these, being five reported species retrieved from destroyed built-up wooden canoes, ‘Masula’ in this communication (apart some new records of Bankia (stitched plank-built), boats, mangrove stumps and drift spp. that need wet specimens for further examination wood as the animals had dried out much before sampling. In the absence of other choices, resorting to approach theand specimens. confirmation) Status and of their each systematic species was details arrived presented at based teredinids is common (Cragg et al. 2009; Borges et al. 2011). onfollowing the marine classification ecoregions of Turner recognized (1966; by1971) Spalding to diagnose et al. Specimensof this kind of to all decipher these species scientific were facts, preserved especially in Woodabout Biodegradation Centre (Marine) [WBCMM] of Institute of Wood Science and Technology at Visakhapatnam. During New(2007). records to India these collections, 3 sphaeromatids (Sphaeroma terebrans Bate, S. annandalei Stebbing, S. a. var. travencorensis 1. Uperotus panamensis (Bartsch, 1922) (Figure 2) Pillai), 4 pholadids (Lignopholas fluminalis (Blanford), Original name: Teredo (Teredora) panamensis Bartsch Martesia striata (Linnaeus), M. fragilis Verrill & Bush, M. nairi Turner & Santhakumaran) and 45 teredinids Distinctive Characters: Pallet thin, leaf like; blade (Bactronophorous thoracites (Gould), Teredothyra entirely1922: 34, calcareous, figs. 27: 3-4, broadly 35: 2 oval, convex on dorsal side, matocotana (Bartsch), T. excavata (Jeffreys), T. smithi concave on ventral side, more or less rounded both at (Bartsch), Lyrodus massa (Lamy), L. affinis (Deshayes), distal and proximal ends, proximal end tapering, longer L. pedicellatus (Quatrefages), L. bipartitus (Jeffreys), L. than wide, thumbnail depression at dorsal distal half singaporeana Roch, Uperotus clavus (Gmelin), U. rehderi without lobe; stalk shorter than blade, stout and rounded (Nair), U. panamensis (Bartsch), U. lieberkindi (Roch), proximally. Teredora malleolus (Turton), T. palauensis (Edmondson), Material examined: WBCMM-35, 1 pallet from ‘Masula’, T. princesae (Sivickis), Psiloteredo senegalensis (Blainville), Dicyathifer manni (Wright), Teredo poculifer Iredale, M Balaji, 2004; WBCMM-133, 3 pallets from drift wood, T. parksi Bartsch, T. furcifera von Martens, T. bartschi Kapula uppada, 17°50′37″ N, 83°24′39″ E, M V Rao and Clapp, T. navalis Linnaeus, T. triangularis Edmondson, T. mindanensis Bartsch, T. fulleri Clapp, T. portoricensis Chippada-RambilliMeasurements: stretch,Total length-3.40mm, 17°28′00″ N, 82°59′00″Blade length- E – 17°28′00″ N, 82°58′41″ E, M V Rao, 2005. 609 Rao et al. | Interesting Teredinidae records from India Figure 1. Localities surveyed for marine wood borer fauna. 2.10mm, Blade width-1.50mm and Stalk length-1.30mm. 2. Uperotus lieberkindi (Roch, 1931) (Figure 3) Distribution: Panama (Bartsch 1922). Atlantic, Tropical Original name: Teredo lieberkindi Distinctive characters: Pallet thin, leaf-like; blade Status: Since this species is known so far from “Tropical entirely calcareous, broadly oval Rochto rectangular, 1931: 15, basalfig. 2-5 half Atlantic”(Turner 1971). biogeographical realm alone, present status of the thickened, convex on dorsal side, concave on ventral side, species with regard to India might be cryptic. longer than wide, lateral margins slightly folded ventrally, Remarks: Pallets of this species can be distinguished from U. lieberkindi by their shape, lack of round lobe at mid broadly round; stalk as long as or longer than blade, stout, dorsal portion of blade and non-converging ribs on dorsal club-like,distal margin tapering flat distally,or slightly rounded depressed, proximally proximal and runningmargin distal half of blade. Other wood borers found occurring half-way through blade. along with this species were M. striata, T. mindanensis, T. Material examined: WBCMM-21, 1 pallet from drift princesae and B. carinata. M Balaji, 2004; WBCMM-54, 1 pallet, Bhimunipatnam, wood, Rishikonda, 17°46′53″ N, 83°23′08″ E, M V Rao and 17°53′02″ N, 83°27′07″ E, M V Rao and M Balaji, 2004; 13WBCMM-86, pallets from 1 pallet drift fromwood, mangrove Chippada-Rambilli stump, Sorlagondi, stretch, 15°49′30″ N, 80°58′53″ E, MVR and AVP; WBCMM-134, Rao, 2005. 17°28′00″ N, 82°59′00″ E-17°28′00″ N, 82°58′41″ E, M V Blade length-1.0mm, Blade width-0.9 to 1.1mm (1.00mm) andMeasurements: Stalk length-1.0mm. Total length-1.4 to 2.0mm (1.70mm), Distribution: Africa (Roch 1931) and Atlantic, tropical Status: Since this species is known so far from “Tropical Atlantic”(Turner 1971). realm alone, present status of the species with regard to India might be cryptic. Remarks: Pallets of this species can be distinguished from U. panamensis by their shape, presence of a lobe at Figure 2. Uperotus panamensis, pallet, A. Dorsal view, B. Ventral view. mid dorsal portion and converging ribs on dorsal distal half 610 Rao et al. | Interesting Teredinidae records from India an ecological variant of U. panamensis. A close examination, (Rancurel 1955). Atlantic, temperate to tropical (Turner however,of blade. Turnerof the pallets(1971) ofopined the two that species probably points this species out that is (Tryon 1863), France (Locard 1886) and Ivory Coast they are distinct from one another. Other wood borers Status: Since this species is known so far from “Tropical found occurring along with this species were M. striata, M. Atlantic”1971). and “Temperate Northern Atlantic” realms alone, fragilis, T. princesae, U. panamensis and B. carinata. present status of the species with regard to India might be cryptic. 3. Teredora malleolus (Turton, 1822) Figure 4 Remarks: Pallets of this species exhibit wide variation Synonyms: as they grow. While young pallets appear like double tubes, Teredo thomsonii adults have broad blade with thumbnail-like depression, Teredora malleolata Teredora maleolus Tryon 1863: 280, figs. 2: 3-5 Distinctive characters: ‘Turton’ Pallet Locard broadly 1886: oval, 364 thin, leaf- finger-like projections, but old ones show only concentric like; blade (of adult specimens)‘Turton’ Clessin entirely 1893: calcareous, 69 shiny, collectiongrowth lines represented and no thesefinger-like different tubes growth (Rancurel stages. Other1955, wedge-like, distal end rounded, proximal end conical; woodTurner borers 1966). found The occurring pallets obtained along with during this species the present were dorsal face of blade with thumb-like depression, two T. princesae, N. norvagica, L. bipartitus, L. pedicellatus and U. panamensis. stalkfinger-like usually projections small and straight.arising from the depression and 4. Teredo poculifer Iredale 1936 (Figure 5) marked concentric growth lines; ventral face almost flat; Synonyms: Teredo (Pingoteredo) poculifer RaoMaterial and M Balaji, examined: 2004; WBCMM-135,WBCMM-36, 524 pallets pallets from fromdrift Distinctive characters: Pallet shovel-like Iredale stout; 1936: blade 33, ‘Masula’, Kapula uppada, 17°50′37″ N, 83°24′39″ E, M V longerfigs. 1: 1-9than wide with the widest point about midway and tapering gradually to stalk, lateral margins convex; distal wood, Chippada-Rambilli stretch, 17°28′00″ N, 82°59′00″ margin of calcareous base slightly concave; periostracal E-17°28′00″ N, 82°58′41″ E, M V Rao, 2005. sheath golden yellow in colour and covering the entire Measurements: Total length-1.2 to 2.9 (2.06)mm, Blade blade; periostracal cup large, dark banded, all around; outer length-0.6Distribution: to 1.8 England(1.19)mm, (Turton Blade width-0.31822), Massachusetts to 1.0 (0.61) and inner distal margins of blade more or less straight; mm and Stalk length-0.6 to 1.1 (0.87)mm. stalk shorter than blade, stout, more or less straight and translucent. Material examined: WBCMM-56, 2 pallets from mangrove drift wood, Bhimunipatnam, 17°53′02″ N, 83°27′07″ E, M.
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    Bankia setacea Phylum: Mollusca Class: Bivalvia; Heterodonta The northwest or feathery shipworm Order: Myoida Family: Teredinidae Taxonomy: The original binomen for Bankia they are not worms at all!) and bore into many setacea was Xylotrya setacea, described by wooden structures. The common name Tryon in 1863 (Turner 1966). William Leach shipworm is based on their vermiform described several molluscan genera, morphology and a shell that only covers the including Xylotrya, but how his descriptions anterior body (Ricketts and Calvin 1952; see were interpreted varied. Although Menke images in Turner 1966). believed Xylotrya to be a member of the Body: Bizarrely modified bivalve with Pholadidae, Gray understood it as a member reduced, sub-globular body. For internal of the Terdinidae and synonyimized it with the anatomy, see Fig. 1, Canadian…; Fig. 1 genus Bankia, a genus designated by the Betcher et al. 2012. latter author in 1842. Most authors refer to Color: Bankia setacea (e.g. Kozloff 1993; Sipe et al. Interior: The auricle (chamber of the 2000; Coan and Valentich-Scott 2007; heart) is medium sized and rounded. A Betcher et al. 2012; Borges et al. 2012; complex digestion system allows for digestion Davidson and de Rivera 2012), although one of wood, which passes from a short recent paper sites Xylotrya setacea (Siddall et esophagus to an alimentary tract to a al. 2009). Two additional known synonyms stomach and finally a caecum where wood is exist currently, including Bankia osumiensis, broken down by enzymes (for metabolic B. sibirica. compounds see Liu and Townsley 1968, 1970). The caecum is long, blind and has Description thin walls (Fig.
  • Bsc-Zoology-Syllabus

    Bsc-Zoology-Syllabus

    CMS COLLEGE KOTTAYAM (AUTONOMOUS) Affiliated to the Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala CURRICULUM FOR UNDER GRADUATE PROGRAMME BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ZOOLOGY UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM 2018 (With effect from 2018) Approved by the Board of Studies on 26-03-2018 CONTENTS 1. Acknowledgement 2. Preface 3. Curriculum a. Graduate Programme Outcome b. Programme Specific Outcome 4. Programme Design 5. Programme Structure Semester wise 6. Programme structure category wise a. Core Courses b. Complementary Courses c. Open Courses d. Extra Credit Courses e. Add on Courses 7. Detailed Syllabus of the Courses Offered by the Department 2 BOARD OF STUDIES IN ZOOLOGY CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam Dr. Johnson Baby (Chairman) Associate Professor and Head Department of Zoology Christian College, Chengannur Dr. A.P Thomas (Subject Expert) Director, ACESSD M G University, Kottayam Dr. C.A Jayaprakash (Industry Representative) Principal Scientist and Head Division of crop protection, CTCRI Thiruvananthapuram Dr. Reethamma O.V (Member) Associate professor Dept. of Zoology, Assumption College, Changanasserry Dr. Maya B Nair (Alumni Representative) Assistant professor Dept. of Zoology SD College, Alleppey Dr. Abraham Samuel. K (Member) Head, Division of survey TIES. Kottayam Dr. Sosamma Oommen (Member) HOD, Dept. of Zoology CMS College, Kottayam Dr. Jobin Mathew (Member) Assistant Professor Dept. of Zoology CMS College, Kottayam Dr. Nisha P Aravind (Member Secretary) Assistant Professor Dept. of Zoology CMS College, Kottayam Dr. Pushpa Geetha S (Member) Assistant Professor Dept. of Zoology CMS College, Kottayam 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Board of Studies in Zoology (Under Graduate), CMS College takes this opportunity to express our deep appreciation to all academicians and representatives from the industry who participated in the various meetings that were arranged during the year, held at CMS College.