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Civil Rights Activism in Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina, 1960-1963
SUTTELL, BRIAN WILLIAM, Ph.D. Campus to Counter: Civil Rights Activism in Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina, 1960-1963. (2017) Directed by Dr. Charles C. Bolton. 296 pp. This work investigates civil rights activism in Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina, in the early 1960s, especially among students at Shaw University, Saint Augustine’s College (Saint Augustine’s University today), and North Carolina College at Durham (North Carolina Central University today). Their significance in challenging traditional practices in regard to race relations has been underrepresented in the historiography of the civil rights movement. Students from these three historically black schools played a crucial role in bringing about the end of segregation in public accommodations and the reduction of discriminatory hiring practices. While student activists often proceeded from campus to the lunch counters to participate in sit-in demonstrations, their actions also represented a counter to businesspersons and politicians who sought to preserve a segregationist view of Tar Heel hospitality. The research presented in this dissertation demonstrates the ways in which ideas of academic freedom gave additional ideological force to the civil rights movement and helped garner support from students and faculty from the “Research Triangle” schools comprised of North Carolina State College (North Carolina State University today), Duke University, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Many students from both the “Protest Triangle” (my term for the activists at the three historically black schools) and “Research Triangle” schools viewed efforts by local and state politicians to thwart student participation in sit-ins and other forms of protest as a restriction of their academic freedom. -
AHA Colloquium
Cover.indd 1 13/10/20 12:51 AM Thank you to our generous sponsors: Platinum Gold Bronze Cover2.indd 1 19/10/20 9:42 PM 2021 Annual Meeting Program Program Editorial Staff Debbie Ann Doyle, Editor and Meetings Manager With assistance from Victor Medina Del Toro, Liz Townsend, and Laura Ansley Program Book 2021_FM.indd 1 26/10/20 8:59 PM 400 A Street SE Washington, DC 20003-3889 202-544-2422 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.historians.org Perspectives: historians.org/perspectives Facebook: facebook.com/AHAhistorians Twitter: @AHAHistorians 2020 Elected Officers President: Mary Lindemann, University of Miami Past President: John R. McNeill, Georgetown University President-elect: Jacqueline Jones, University of Texas at Austin Vice President, Professional Division: Rita Chin, University of Michigan (2023) Vice President, Research Division: Sophia Rosenfeld, University of Pennsylvania (2021) Vice President, Teaching Division: Laura McEnaney, Whittier College (2022) 2020 Elected Councilors Research Division: Melissa Bokovoy, University of New Mexico (2021) Christopher R. Boyer, Northern Arizona University (2022) Sara Georgini, Massachusetts Historical Society (2023) Teaching Division: Craig Perrier, Fairfax County Public Schools Mary Lindemann (2021) Professor of History Alexandra Hui, Mississippi State University (2022) University of Miami Shannon Bontrager, Georgia Highlands College (2023) President of the American Historical Association Professional Division: Mary Elliott, Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture (2021) Nerina Rustomji, St. John’s University (2022) Reginald K. Ellis, Florida A&M University (2023) At Large: Sarah Mellors, Missouri State University (2021) 2020 Appointed Officers Executive Director: James Grossman AHR Editor: Alex Lichtenstein, Indiana University, Bloomington Treasurer: William F. -
Public Relations, Racial Injustice, and the 1958 North Carolina Kissing Case
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository Public Relations, Racial Injustice, and the 1958 North Carolina Kissing Case Denise Hill A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Media and Journalism. Chapel Hill 2016 Approved by: Barbara Friedman Lois Boynton Trevy McDonald Earnest Perry Ronald Stephens © 2016 Denise Hill ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Denise Hill: Public Relations, Racial Injustice, and the 1958 North Carolina Kissing Case (Under the direction of Dr. Barbara Friedman) This dissertation examines how public relations was used by the Committee to Combat Racial Injustice (CCRI), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), North Carolina Governor Luther Hodges, and the United States Information Agency (USIA) in regards to the 1958 kissing case. The kissing case occurred in Monroe, North Carolina when a group of children were playing, including two African American boys, age nine and eight, and a seven-year-old white girl. During the game, the nine-year-old boy and the girl exchanged a kiss. As a result, the police later arrested both boys and charged them with assaulting and molesting the girl. They were sentenced to a reformatory, with possible release for good behavior at age 21. The CCRI launched a public relations campaign to gain the boys’ freedom, and the NAACP implemented public relations tactics on the boys’ behalf. News of the kissing case spread overseas, drawing unwanted international attention to US racial problems at a time when the country was promoting worldwide democracy. -
Nathan Carter Newbold, White Liberals, Black Education, and the Making of the Jim Crow South Barry Malone University of South Carolina
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2013 Divine Discontent: Nathan Carter Newbold, White Liberals, Black Education, and the Making of the Jim Crow South Barry Malone University of South Carolina Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Malone, B.(2013). Divine Discontent: Nathan Carter Newbold, White Liberals, Black Education, and the Making of the Jim Crow South. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/1465 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DIVINE DISCONTENT: NATHAN CARTER NEWBOLD, WHITE LIBERALS, BLACK EDUCATION, AND THE MAKING OF THE JIM CROW SOUTH by Barry F. Malone Bachelor of Arts University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1993 Master of Arts North Carolina Central University, 2002 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History College of Arts and Sciences University of South Carolina 2013 Accepted by: Valinda Littlefield, Advisor Bobby Donaldson, Committee Member Lawrence Glickman, Committee Member Todd Shaw, Committee Member Lacy Ford, Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies © Copyright by Barry F. Malone, 2013 All Rights Reserved. ii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to the loving memory of my parents – Vernon and Susan Malone. The journey was long, but I heeded your advice “to run the race and keep the faith.” I kept my promise. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Throughout the writing of this dissertation many people helped me along the way. -
Passioned, Radical Leader Who Incorporating Their Own
Vol. 59 No. 11 March 13 - 19, 2019 CELEBRATING MARCH 14, 2018 25 Portland and Seattle Volume XL No. 24 CENTS BLACK MEN ARRESTED AT STARBUCKS WANT CHANGE IN U.S. RACIAL ATTITUDES - PG. 2 News ..............................3,8-10 A & E .....................................6-7 Opinion ...................................2 NRA Gives to Schools ......8 NATIONAL NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION CHALLENGING PEOPLE TO SHAPE A BETTER FUTURE NOW Calendars ...........................4-5 Bids/Classifieds ....................11 THE SKANNER NEWS READERS POLL Should Portland Public Schools change the name of Jefferson High School? (451 responses) YES THE NATION’S ONLY BLACK DAILY 129 (29%) NO Reporting and Recording Black History 322 (71%) STUDENTS WALK OUT 75 Cents VOL. 47 NO. 28 FRIDAY, APRIL 20, 2018 Final Seventy-one percent of respondents to a The Skanner News poll favored keeping the name of Thomas Jefferson High School intact. CENTER192 FOCUSES ON YOUTH POLL RESULTS: YEARS OF THE 71 Percent of TO HELP SAVE THE PLANET The Skanner’s Readers Oppose BLACK PRESS Jefferson Name Change Alumni association circulating a petition OF AMERICA opposed to name change PHOTO BY SUSAN FRIED SUSAN BY PHOTO By Christen McCurdy Hundreds of students from Washington Middle School and Garfield High School joined students across the country in a walkout and 17 minutes of silence Of The Skanner News to show support for the lives lost at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Florida Feb. 14 and to let elected officials know that they want stricter gun control laws. he results of a poll by The Skanner News, which opened Feb. 22 and closed Tuesday, favor keeping the Oregon Introduces ‘Gun Violence Restraining Orders’ Tname of North Portland’s Thomas Jefferson High School. -
NCCU School of Law Library Deborah Mayo Jefferies
North Carolina Central Law Review Volume 36 Article 3 Number 2 Volume 36, Number 2 7-1-2014 A History of Struggle: NCCU School of Law Library Deborah Mayo Jefferies Follow this and additional works at: https://archives.law.nccu.edu/ncclr Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, Law and Race Commons, Legal Education Commons, and the Legal History Commons Recommended Citation Jefferies, Deborah Mayo (2014) "A History of Struggle: NCCU School of Law Library," North Carolina Central Law Review: Vol. 36 : No. 2 , Article 3. Available at: https://archives.law.nccu.edu/ncclr/vol36/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by History and Scholarship Digital Archives. It has been accepted for inclusion in North Carolina Central Law Review by an authorized editor of History and Scholarship Digital Archives. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Jefferies: A History of Struggle: NCCU School of Law Library A HISTORY OF STRUGGLE: NCCU SCHOOL OF LAW LIBRARY DEBORAH MAYO JEFFERIES* TABLE OF CONTENTS THE BEGINNING: 1619 - 1929... ........................ 170 Societal Attitudes and Legislation ....................... 170 Professional Standardsfor Law Libraries ................. 172 THE "JIM CROW" OR SEGREGATION ERA: 1930 -1939 ........ 173 Societal Attitudes and Legislation .......................... 173 Professional Standardsfor Law Libraries ................... 174 THE "SEPARATE BUT NOT EQUAL" ERA: 1940 -1949......... 175 Societal Attitudes and Legislation .......................... 175 Professional Standardsfor -
AAHP 458 Mickey Michaux African American History Project (AAHP) Interviewed by A.J
Joel Buchanan Archive of African American History: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/ohfb Samuel Proctor Oral History Program College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Program Director: Dr. Paul Ortiz 241 Pugh Hall PO Box 115215 Gainesville, FL 32611 (352) 392-7168 https://oral.history.ufl.edu AAHP 458 Mickey Michaux African American History Project (AAHP) Interviewed by A.J. Donaldson on October 15, 2016 58 minutes | 27 pages For information on terms of use of this interview, please see the SPOHP Creative Commons license at http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AfricanAmericanOralHistory. AAHP 458 Interviewee: Mickey Michaux Interviewer: A.J. Donaldson Date: October 15, 2016 D: Today’s date is October the 15th, my name is A.J. Donaldson, graduate student at the University of Florida working on a PhD on Black Power in North Carolina. I am sitting here with Representative Michaux, just—all right, I just want to ask my first question which was: what got you interested in politics, especially in North Carolina? M: I got interested in politics through a very good friend of mine named Martin Luther King Jr. D: Oh okay! M: I brought Martin to Durham, North Carolina in 1956—October of 1956. I had a conversation with, well I knew his brother before then but I got ahold of him— Louis Austin, Louis Austin was editor of the Carolina Times. I was heading a trade week program, which was a Black Chamber of Commerce thing, that year and I had to get a final program, rally program, going. I went to Louis I said: “Well what if we invite”—and this was right at the end of the, near the end, of the Montgomery Bus Boycott situation—so I said “Louis, what if we invite Martin Luther King Jr. -
Image Credits, the Making of African American Identity: Vol. 3, 1917-1968
THE MAKING OF AFRICAN AMERICAN IDENTITY: VOL. III, 1917-1968 PRIMARY SOURCE COLLECTION The Making of African American Identity: Vol. III, 1917-1968 __Image Credits__ ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES & HISTORY. Montgomery, Alabama. WEBSITE Reproduced by permission. See also Montgomery Advertiser. Photographs in Montgomery Advertiser, 6 December 1955: “Lone Negro Waits at Bus Stop.” Q3176. “5,000 at Meeting Outline Boycott; Bullet Clips Bus” Photo accompanying article “Negroes to Continue Boycott.” Q3175. Photograph of Rosa Parks, 1980s. Q5687. Bus boycott reenactment with Rosa Parks and Johnnie Carr, photograph, 1986. Q6880. ALGONQUIN PRESS. WEBSITE Permission request submitted. Brent Wade, photograph by Jerry Monroe. AMERICAN SOCIAL HISTORY PROJECT, Center for Media and Learning, Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY). WEBSITE Reproduced by permission. Leslie Rogers, “People We Can Get Along Without,” cartoon, Chicago Defender, 9 July 1921. ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO. Chicago, Illinois. WEBSITE Reproduced by permission. Photography © The Art Institute of Chicago. Elizabeth Catlett. The Negro Woman, cuts 13-14, in series of 15 linoleum cuts, 1946-1947. Restricted gift of The Leadership Advisory Committee. Reproduction, The Art Institute of Chicago. —Special Houses, 1946, printed 1989. Linocut on cream wove paper. 2005.142.2. G27168. —And a Special Fear for My Loved Ones, 1946, printed 1989; linoleum cut on cream wove paper. 2005.142.3. G27169. ASSOCIATED PRESS. New York, New York. WEBSITE Reproduced by permission. Ruby Bridges, age 6, escorted by deputy federal marshals as she leaves Frantz Elementary School, New Orleans, Louisiana, 5 December 1960. AP Photo #601101076. Malcolm X displaying a newspaper heading at a Black Muslim rally, b&w photograph by Gordon Parks, 6 August 1963. -
Academic Program Journal a Century of Black Life History and Culture
Centennial Annual Meeting and Conference Academic Program Journal A Century of Black Life History and Culture September 23-27, 2015 Sheraton Hotel Downtown • Atlanta, Georgia www.asalh.org Association for the Study of African American Life and History 2016 Call for Papers Hallowed Grounds: Sites of African American Memory 101st Annual Conference and Meeting October 4 – 9, 2016 Richmond Marriott, 500 East Broad Street Richmond, VA 23219 The history of African American unfolds across the canvass of America, beginning before the arrival of the Mayflower and continuing to the present. From port cities where Africans disembarked from slave ships to the battle fields where their descendants fought for freedom, from the colleges and universities where they have pursued education, to places where they created communities during centuries of migration, the imprint of Americans of African descent is deeply embedded in the narrative of the American past, insert comma and the sites prompt us to remember. Over time, many of these sites of African American memory became hallowed grounds. One cannot tell the story of America without preserving and reflecting on the places where African Americans have made history. The Kingsley Plantation, DuSable’s home site, the numerous stops along the Underground Railroad, Seneca Village, Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church and Frederick Douglass’ home — to name just a few — are sites that keep alive the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in our consciousness. They retain and refresh the memories of our forbearers’ struggles for freedom, justice, and God’s grace and mercy. Similarly, the hallowed grounds of Mary McLeod Bethune’s home in Washington, 125th Street in Harlem, Beale Street in Memphis, and Sweet Auburn Avenue in Atlanta tell the story of our struggle for equal citizenship during the American century. -
Abstract Cates, Madison Ward
ABSTRACT CATES, MADISON WARD. “White Men Without Side-Arms:” Moderation, Manhood, and the Politics of Civil Rights in North Carolina, 1960-1965. (Under the direction of Dr. Katherine Mellen Charron). Much of the existing historiography on the Civil Rights Movement in North Carolina either focuses on grassroots activists at the community level or on debates about whether the state’s white citizens exhibited “progressive” views on race or not. This study seeks to bridge this gap by examining the relationships and political struggles between African American activists, white moderates, and arch-segregationists at the state level from 1960 to 1965. Throughout, broader ideas about gender, race, religion, and democracy are analyzed in order to move beyond oversimplified narratives that accentuate the bold, progressive outlooks of white moderates, reduce their segregationist opponents to caricatures, and diminish the role that African Americans played in challenging white political dominance. In particular, this paper explores how African-Americans leveraged the state’s “progressive mystique” to obtain greater concessions from white moderate politicians, especially Governor Terry Sanford. Yet, white moderates also confronted strident objections to any change from white supremacists. In order to mollify the demands of both groups, Sanford’s leadership exemplified a temperate realpolitik that opposed direct action campaigns and promoted racial harmony, quality public education, and robust economic development. It also reflected the ways in which events forced him to do in gendered terms. When black activists filled the streets and public facilities of North Carolina employing non-violent direct action as consistent with their dignity as men and citizens, Sanford and other white moderates responded by recasting southern manhood on ideas of law and order and Christian brotherhood. -
The Struggle for Civil Rights, 1930–1959
Published on NCpedia (https://www.ncpedia.org) Home > ANCHOR > Postwar North Carolina (1945-1975) > The Struggle for Civil Rights, 1930–1959 The Struggle for Civil Rights, 1930–1959 [1] Share it now! The Civil Rights Movement on the National Stage and in North Carolina Many African Americans emerged from World War II intent on rejecting second-class citizenship once and for all. The Civil Rights Movement took shape in the years that followed. The military was desegregated. Freedom rides, bus boycotts, and strikes challenged Jim Crow laws. In North Carolina, a Senate campaign turned ugly over the issue of race, and in Robeson County, the Lumbee challenged the Ku Klux Klan — and won. In this chapter we’ll examine the origins of the Civil Rights Movement and analyze the reasons for its early successes and failures. Although the Civil Rights Movement is often associated with courageous figures like Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa Parks and Malcolm X, many others, including a number of North Carolinians, made critical and lasting contributions to the movement. These contributions included efforts by both activists and newspaper editors. Louis Austin was an African American newspaper editor in Durham, North Carolina. He purchased the Carolina Times in the 1927 and used his editorship of the Durham paper to press for the rights of African Americans. Ella Baker was also a prominent figure in the Civil Rights Movement, but has often been overlooked by historians because she worked largely behind the scenes. Baker grew up in Virginia and North Carolina and graduated as class valedictorian from Shaw University. -
Volume 97 (2020) January
Volume 97 (2020) January “The Long Black Freedom Struggle in Northampton County, North Carolina, 1930s to 1970s” by Jerry Gershenhorn and Anna Jones “Henry P. Cheatham: Revisiting His Life and Legacy” by Benjamin R. Justesen “A State of Shock”: The Desegregation of the Public Schools of Franklin County, North Carolina, 1965- 1968” by Maurice C. York April “Frank Porter Graham, World War II, and the Southport Petroleum Ruling, Making a New Case for Racial Justice” by Charles J. Holden “Creating North Carolina Populism, 1900-1960, Part 1: The Progressive Era Project, 1900-1930” by James L. Hunt “From the Telegraph to Doppler Radar: Communications, Technology, and the National Weather Service in North Carolina” by Thomas C. Jepsen July “Silicon Valley with a drawl”: Making North Carolina’s Research Triangle and Selling the High-Tech South” by Jordan R. Bauer “Creating North Carolina Populism, 1900-1960: Part 2: The Progressive Era Legacy, 1930-1960” by James L. Hunt “A Sincere Desire for the Honor of the Regiment”: The Mutiny of Buena Vista” by Brett Richard Bell “Christena Kells’s Heirloom: A North Carolina Example of Hairwork” by Adrienne Berney October “Shifting Sands: Congressman Charlie Rose, Tribal, Federal, and State Politics, and the History of Lumbee Recognition, 1956-2020” by Jeff Frederick “Rooted in Freedom: Raleigh, North Carolina’s Freedmen’s Village of Oberlin, an Antebellum Free Black Enclave” by M. Ruth Little Volume 96 (2019) January “Pursuing the “Unfinished Business of Democracy”: Willa B. Player and Liberal Arts Education at Bennett College in the Civil Rights Era” by Crystal R. Sanders “A White Crow: Raphael Lemkin’s Intellectual Interlude at Duke University, 1941-1942” by Ernest A.