DOCSLIB.ORG

Agricultural Enterprise Finance Program (AEFP)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Agricultural Enterprise Finance Program (AEFP) Agricultural Enterprise Finance Program (AEFP) MICROENTERPRISE MARKET SURVEY Written by: Lief Doerring, Chief of Party Irene Karimi, Microfinance Specialist James Oryema, Logistics/Operations Manager Betty Kaunga Landan, Data Analyst Sanyangi Wangi, Survey Assistant Joyce Kojo, Survey Assistant Achuil Okoch, Survey Assistant June 2003 Under Contract No. 623-C-00-02-00087-00 USAID/REDSO/ECA Nairobi, Kenya SECTION ONE: MARKET ASSESSMENT DATA ANALYSIS............................................................ 3 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................................. 3 A. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................... 5 B. EDUCATION STATUS ......................................................................................................................... 7 C. ANALYSIS OF THE ENTERPRISES ....................................................................................................... 9 D. BUSINESS CONSTRAINTS................................................................................................................. 15 E. INCOME ANALYSIS.......................................................................................................................... 17 F. CREDIT NEEDS ................................................................................................................................21 G. PROPOSED USE OF LOAN................................................................................................................. 26 H. DESIRED LOAN REPAYMENT TERMS............................................................................................... 27 I. DESIRED LOAN REPAYMENT FREQUENCY........................................................................................ 28 J. SAVINGS PATTERNS ........................................................................................................................ 28 K. REASONS FOR NOT SAVING ............................................................................................................. 30 L. GROUP FORMATION ........................................................................................................................ 31 SECTION TWO: COUNTY PROFILES................................................................................................. 38 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................... 38 3 8 A. YEI COUNTY PROFILE ..................................................................................................................... 39 B. MARIDI COUNTY PROFILE............................................................................................................... 48 C. YAMBIO COUNTY PROFILE ............................................................................................................. 55 D. KAJO KEJI COUNTY PROFILE .......................................................................................................... 63 E. RUMBEK COUNTY PROFILE............................................................................................................. 65 F. TONJ COUNTY PROFILE................................................................................................................... 70 G. KAPOETA COUNTY PROFILE ........................................................................................................... 74 H. BUDI COUNTY PROFILE................................................................................................................... 78 I. PAJAR COUNTY PROFILE: GANYIEL TOWN ..................................................................................... 81 J. NORTH BOR COUNTY PROFILE: PANYAGOR TOWN ......................................................................... 84 K. PAGAK PAYAM PROFILE ................................................................................................................. 88 L. AYOD COUNTY PROFILE ................................................................................................................. 91 ANNEX 1..................................................................................................................................................... 94 ANNEX II: BUSINESS POPULATION BY GENDER, SECTOR AND COUNTY ........................... 95 2 Section One: Market Assessment Data Analysis Overview Chemonics International is implementing a 5-year USAID funded program that will establish a self-sustaining micro-finance institution (MFI) in Southern Sudan. The Southern Sudan Agriculture Enterprise Finance Program (AEFP) was developed with the objective of establishing a viable, self-sustaining financial service organization to provide access to working capital for micro-entrepreneurs. Micro credit is perceived as one avenue of fostering expanded economic opportunity among the southern Sudanese and constitutes an added incentive for Internally Displaced People (IDPs) and refugees to return to their homes. The AEF program intends to develop a microfinance institution, develop and pilot a credit delivery methodology, and develop and test various loan and savings products based on both client demand and repayment experience. In preparation for the set up of the microfinance institution, Chemonics International has undertaken a rapid needs assessment and microenterprise market survey in the major towns of Western and Eastern Equatoria, two towns in Bahr el Ghazal, and four communities in Upper Nile, all in South Sudan, to assess a range of potential market areas and conduct a survey of existing enterprises. The information gathered during the survey will be used to better understand: Areas of high micro enterprise concentration The financial needs of the potential clients Existing marketing systems, including profile of traders, types of markets, profile of the informal sector vendors; Existing credit providers; formal and traditional informal sector financial practices; Non-financial business development needs of agri-businesses; The financial needs and capabilities of women, returnees, displaced persons, and refugees in southern Sudan; and The overall economic situation in South Sudan, including key economic variables, such as international and indigenous NGOs, South Sudan civil government structures, traditional legal structures, current security issues, infrastructure, and key trade and market linkages, both domestic and international. 3 The results of the survey presented in Section One, below, will assist in determining the MFI’s first office locations, to develop the loan products, and to inform other operational issues and decisions, such as borrower group formation and management, formation of a board of directors, linkages to the legal and judicial system, and managing the many risks facing an MFI in Sudan as best as possible. The international best practices of microfinance require that a new microfinance institution start with a study of the microenterprise market to enable the institution match its credit and savings services with the demands of the market. An assessment of the client needs is therefore a critical first step in the implementation of the microfinance program. It is for this reason that Chemonics conducted a credit needs assessment survey in five towns offering the best potential for sustainable microfinance in South Sudan. This section of the report outlines the needs of the micro and small enterprise community in the regions covered. Three hundred and sixty (360) micro enterprise business proprietors were interviewed between 27th January 2003 and 14th March 2003 in various towns in South Sudan. The data was keyed into the computer using SPSS builder (version 2.0) and analyzed in SPSS editor (version 10.0). The data was analyzed using frequencies, basic tables, tables of frequencies and cross tabulation. The data is presented by county and then it is consolidated. The report is subdivided into the following sub-topics: - Demographic characteristics, - Business details, - Income source analysis, - Groupings, - Summary/Conclusion, and - The Appendix 4 A. Demographic Characteristics The Southern Sudan Agricultural Enterprise Finance Program (AEFP) microenterprise market survey questionnaires were administered in six locations that were deemed to have adequate scale to support a microfinance institution: Rumbek, 118 questionnaires; Yambio, 87; Maridi, 63; Thiet/ Tonj, 30; and Yei, 62 questionnaires. The team attempted to get questionnaires from at least five percent of the total number of businesses counted in each location. A total of 360 respondents were interviewed. Rumbek and Yambio had the highest representation of 33 percent and 24 percent respectively. Generally, the sample is male dominated (62 percent) with the exception of Thiet where 63 percent of the sample is women in business. Yei had the least female participation (18 percent). The gender representation of 38 percent is quite close to the number that the survey team arrived at after a physical count of all the businesses in the regions surveyed (59 percent male and 41 percent female). Observations at the open air markets in the town centres make one think that there are more women in business than men. This can be attributed to the fact that women are more visible because they trade in makeshift kiosks that line most roads and in the open, on the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • National Audit Chamber the Report of the Auditor
    NATIONAL AUDIT CHAMBER THE REPORT OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF SOUTHERN SUDAN FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 2008 TO THE PRESIDENT THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN AND SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL LEGISLATIVEASSEMBLY 1 2 CONTENTS Auditor General’s Opinion 7 Financial Statements for 2008 18 Chapter – 1 : Oil Revenue 75 Chapter – 2 : Non- Oil Revenue 89 Chapter – 3 : Ministry of Cabinet Affairs 97 Chapter – 4 : Ministry of Commerce, Trade &Supply 105 Chapter – 5 : Ministry of Education, Science and Technology 117 Chapter – 6 : Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning 133 Chapter – 7 : Ministry of Health 153 Chapter – 8 : Ministry of Internal Affairs 173 Chapter – 9 : Judiciary 191 Chapter – 10 : Ministry of Legal Affairs and Constitutional 203 Development Chapter – 11 : Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly 213 Chapter – 12 :Ministry of Sudan People’s Liberation Army 233 Affairs Chapter – 13 : Southern Sudan Electricity Commission 255 Chapter – 14 : Southern Sudan Human Rights Commission 267 3 4 SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL AUDIT CHAMBER AUDITOR GENERAL’S OPINION ON GOVERNMENT OF SOUTHERN SUDAN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF 2008 5 6 SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL AUDIT CHAMBER OPINION OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 2008 1. INTRODUCTION The year 2008 was the fourth fiscal cycle of the Government of Southern Sudan. The Financial Statements for 2008 were issued in January 2012 and hence the late presentation. The audit of the Financial Statements of 2008 was conducted in 2012. Government Ministries and Agencies were more responsive to audit than in previous years. I thank the President for his helpful phone calls on this matter.
    [Show full text]
  • The Criminalization of South Sudan's Gold Sector
    The Criminalization of South Sudan’s Gold Sector Kleptocratic Networks and the Gold Trade in Kapoeta By the Enough Project April 2020* A Precious Resource in an Arid Land Within the area historically known as the state of Eastern Equatoria, Kapoeta is a semi-arid rangeland of clay soil dotted with short, thorny shrubs and other vegetation.1 Precious resources lie below this desolate landscape. Eastern Equatoria, along with the region historically known as Central Equatoria, contains some of the most important and best-known sites for artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASM). Some estimates put the number of miners at 60,000 working at 80 different locations in the area, including Nanaknak, Lauro (Didinga Hills), Napotpot, and Namurnyang. Locals primarily use traditional mining techniques, panning for gold from seasonal streams in various villages. The work provides miners’ families resources to support their basic needs.2 Kapoeta’s increasingly coveted gold resources are being smuggled across the border into Kenya with the active complicity of local and national governments. This smuggling network, which involves international mining interests, has contributed to increased militarization.3 Armed actors and corrupt networks are fueling low-intensity conflicts over land, particularly over the ownership of mining sites, and causing the militarization of gold mining in the area. Poor oversight and conflicts over the control of resources between the Kapoeta government and the national government in Juba enrich opportunistic actors both inside and outside South Sudan. Inefficient regulation and poor gold outflows have helped make ASM an ideal target for capture by those who seek to finance armed groups, perpetrate violence, exploit mining communities, and exacerbate divisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowing No Fear
    United Nations Mission May 2010 In BBC presenter SUDANZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi ZeinabBadawi Knowing no fear Published by UNMIS Public Information Office INSIDE 3 Special Focus: BUSINESS 17 April: The European Union Observer’s mission • Mummies, medicine and Coca Cola and Carter Centre issued separate preliminary Diary statements on Sudanese elections, saying they • Everywhere a bank paved the way for democratic progress and • Reeling in shared profit constituted a Comprehensive Peace Agreement benchmark, although they fell short • Doing business in Abou Shouk of international standards on the whole. The African Union Observer Mission said the • One block at a time elections, though imperfect, were historically significant and an important milestone • From guns to goods in the country’s peace and democratization process. Congratulating the Sudanese people, the League of Arab States Observer Mission hoped the elections would be a 9 Transport catalyst for further democratic transformation and development. Levelling Juba roads 18 April: UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Sudan Georg Charpentier warned that 10 Profile: Zeinab Badawi continued instability in parts of the eastern Jebel Marra area in Darfur had prevented agencies from accessing areas where they had been providing aid, including food, Knowing no fear water, and medicines, over the past five years. 11 Secretary-General’s report 26 April: Announcing preliminary results for Sudan’s elections, the National Ban calls for referenda preparations Elections Commission (NEC) declared that National Congress Party candidate Omar Al Bashir had topped the poll for President of Sudan with 68.2 per cent of the vote.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Indigenous Languages in Southern Sudan: Educational Language Policy and Planning
    The Role of Indigenous Languages in Southern Sudan: Educational Language Policy and Planning H. Wani Rondyang A thesis submitted to the Institute of Education, University of London, for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2007 Abstract This thesis aims to questions the language policy of Sudan's central government since independence in 1956. An investigation of the root causes of educational problems, which are seemingly linked to the current language policy, is examined throughout the thesis from Chapter 1 through 9. In specific terms, Chapter 1 foregrounds the discussion of the methods and methodology for this research purposely because the study is based, among other things, on the analysis of historical documents pertaining to events and processes of sociolinguistic significance for this study. The factors and sociolinguistic conditions behind the central government's Arabicisation policy which discourages multilingual development, relate the historical analysis in Chapter 3 to the actual language situation in the country described in Chapter 4. However, both chapters are viewed in the context of theoretical understanding of language situation within multilingualism in Chapter 2. The thesis argues that an accommodating language policy would accord a role for the indigenous Sudanese languages. By extension, it would encourage the development and promotion of those languages and cultures in an essentially linguistically and culturally diverse and multilingual country. Recommendations for such an alternative educational language policy are based on the historical and sociolinguistic findings in chapters 3 and 4 as well as in the subsequent discussions on language policy and planning proper in Chapters 5, where theoretical frameworks for examining such issues are explained, and Chapters 6 through 8, where Sudan's post-independence language policy is discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Repression in Sudan
    Sudan Page 1 of 243 BEHIND THE RED LINE Political Repression in Sudan Human Rights Watch/Africa Human Rights Watch Copyright © May 1996 by Human Rights Watch. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 96-75962 ISBN 1-56432-164-9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was researched and written by Human Rights Watch Counsel Jemera Rone. Human Rights Watch Leonard H. Sandler Fellow Brian Owsley also conducted research with Ms. Rone during a mission to Khartoum, Sudan, from May 1-June 13, 1995, at the invitation of the Sudanese government. Interviews in Khartoum with nongovernment people and agencies were conducted in private, as agreed with the government before the mission began. Private individuals and groups requested anonymity because of fear of government reprisals. Interviews in Juba, the largest town in the south, were not private and were controlled by Sudan Security, which terminated the visit prematurely. Other interviews were conducted in the United States, Cairo, London and elsewhere after the end of the mission. Ms. Rone conducted further research in Kenya and southern Sudan from March 5-20, 1995. The report was edited by Deputy Program Director Michael McClintock and Human Rights Watch/Africa Executive Director Peter Takirambudde. Acting Counsel Dinah PoKempner reviewed sections of the manuscript and Associate Kerry McArthur provided production assistance. This report could not have been written without the assistance of many Sudanese whose names cannot be disclosed. CONTENTS
    [Show full text]
  • Mining in South Sudan: Opportunities and Risks for Local Communities
    » REPORT JANUARY 2016 MINING IN SOUTH SUDAN: OPPORTUNITIES AND RISKS FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES BASELINE ASSESSMENT OF SMALL-SCALE AND ARTISANAL GOLD MINING IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EQUATORIA STATES, SOUTH SUDAN MINING IN SOUTH SUDAN FOREWORD We are delighted to present you the findings of an assessment conducted between February and May 2015 in two states of South Sudan. With this report, based on dozens of interviews, focus group discussions and community meetings, a multi-disciplinary team of civil society and government representatives from South Sudan are for the first time shedding light on the country’s artisanal and small-scale mining sector. The picture that emerges is a remarkable one: artisanal gold mining in South Sudan ‘employs’ more than 60,000 people and might indirectly benefit almost half a million people. The vast majority of those involved in artisanal mining are poor rural families for whom alluvial gold mining provides critical income to supplement their subsistence livelihood of farming and cattle rearing. Ostensibly to boost income for the cash-strapped government, artisanal mining was formalized under the Mining Act and subsequent Mineral Regulations. However, owing to inadequate information-sharing and a lack of government mining sector staff at local level, artisanal miners and local communities are not aware of these rules. In reality there is almost no official monitoring of artisanal or even small-scale mining activities. Despite the significant positive impact on rural families’ income, the current form of artisanal mining does have negative impacts on health, the environment and social practices. With most artisanal, small-scale and exploration mining taking place in rural areas with abundant small arms and limited presence of government security forces, disputes over land access and ownership exacerbate existing conflicts.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan Agricultural Enterprise Finance Program Final Report
    SUDAN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE FINANCE PROGRAM FINAL REPORT APRIL 30, 2008 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. SUDAN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE FINANCE PROGRAM FINAL REPORT Contract No. 623-C-00-02-00087-00 The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENTS Acronyms ............................................................................................................................v Executive Summary ............................................................................................................1 Section I: The Country Context ..........................................................................................3 Section II: The AEFP Approach .........................................................................................4 Section III: Project Overview .............................................................................................6 Section IV: Establishing SUMI ........................................................................................10 Section V: Building SUMI’s Capacity .............................................................................14 Section VI: Geographic Expansion....................................................................................20 Section VII: New Product Development ..........................................................................25
    [Show full text]
  • Bringing HOPE to South Sudan
    2019 Annual Report one of the most ethnically and cultur- ally diverse countries on the continent Our Missionary Family of Africa. Estimates of the Toposa tribesmen (to whom H4S ministers) Bringing vary widely. They are traditionally livestock herders. Wealth is measured in terms of how many cattle you HOPE to own…and whether or not you have a loaded gun. The Toposa people are strong (in every sense of the word), innovative, and usually have a won- South Sudan derful sense of humor. South Sudan Background Our Missionaries South Sudan is slightly smaller than Gregory and Latoya , are our IPHC the state of Texas, with an estimated missionaries in South Sudan. Because Above: Greg and Latoya McClerkin, population of 12.8 million (compa- of the tough living conditions in this our Hope4Sudan missionaries, are a rable to Pennsylvania). It remains area, Latoya and the boys reside in blessing in South Sudan and Eldoret, the youngest nation in our world Kenya and come to South Sudan for Kenya. Their son Ethan is celebrat- since gaining its independence from holidays, special events, and whenever ing his 7th birthday along with little brother, Colton, who soon turns 2. Sudan in July 2011. Renewed conflict needed. Gregory also travels to Eldo- in December 2013 led to what the ret, Kenya, for Compass events and UN called “one of the world’s worst other business matters. That furlough humanitarian crises.” spanned several months of 2017 and The civil war in South Sudan caused the early part of 2018. widespread famine and encouraged Colton and his big brother Ethan more than two million people to flee, enjoy their home in Eldoret, Kenya, says economist.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Resettlement Action Plan Report
    Public Disclosure Authorized Upgrading of the NADAPAL-JUBA ROAD Public Disclosure Authorized from Gravel to Paved (Bitumen) Standards FINAL RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Issued on: November 6th, 2013 EMPLOYER: Ministry of Transport, Roads and Bridges, Government of Republic of South Sudan CONSULTANT: Public Disclosure Authorized SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY LIMITED, AUSTRALIA REVISED BY: Ing. MRS. RITA OHENE SARFOH i | P a g e Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. vi List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ vi Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 The Statements of Objectives........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Brief Description
    [Show full text]
  • 2578CK Ram KCB Infomation Memorandum Insides.Indd
    KCB Rights Issue July - 2010 Information Memorandum _____________________________________________________________________________ KENYA COMMERCIAL BANK (Registration Number C.9/88.) _____________________________________________________________________________ INFORMATION MEMORANDUM _____________________________________________________________________________ RIGHTS ISSUE OF 887,111,110 NEW ORDINARY SHARES AT AN OFFER PRICE OF K.SHS. 17/- IN THE RATIO OF TWO (2) NEW ORDINARY SHARES FOR EVERY FIVE (5) ORDINARY SHARES HELD ___________________________________________________________________________ Kenya Commercial Bank Limited (“KCB” or the “Bank” or the “Group or the “Company” or “Issuer”) KCB was incorporated on 12th November 1970 pursuant to the Companies Act Chapter 486 of the Laws of Kenya and is registered under Registration Number C.9/88. INFORMATION MEMORANDUM IN RESPECT OF RIGHTS ISSUE OF 887,111,110 NEW ORDINARY SHARES AT AN OFFER PRICE OF KENYA SHILLINGS 17/- IN THE RATIO OF TWO (2) NEW ORDINARY SHARES FOR EVERY FIVE (5) ORDINARY SHARES HELD The date of this Information Memorandum is 2 June 2010 This report contains 116 pages Appendices comprise 5 pages The offer opens on 1 July 2010 and closes on 23 July 2010 1 KCB Rights Issue July - 2010 Information Memorandum Joint Lead Transaction Advisors KPMG Kenya & Standard Investment Bank Limited Lead Sponsoring Stockbroker Standard Investment Bank Limited Reporting Accountants Ernst & Young Legal Advisors Oraro & Company Advocates Public Relations Gina Din Corporate Communications Advertising Agent Nuturn Limited Media Agency Media Initiative of East Africa 2 KCB Rights Issue July - 2010 Information Memorandum VISION To be the prefered Financial Solutions provider in Africa with Global Reach. MISSION To consistently deliver quality fi nancial products and services in the interest of all our stakeholders, through best business practice in the dynamic markets in which we operate.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Private Cooperation Fragile States
    Public Private Cooperation Fragile States Annexe F to the Field study report South Sudan As part of the Country Study South Sudan Working group: Public Private Cooperation in Fragile States July 2009 1 Supplementary Document (annex F) to the Field Research Report on Public Private Cooperation opportunities in Southern Sudan, Nov 2009 by Irma Specht & Mark van Dorp (main researchers) and Washington Okeyo, Marjolein C. Groot and John Penn de Ngong 1. Specific (sub) sectors in more detail This annex provides, in more detail, the ongoing and potential sectors relevant for economic development and PPC in South Sudan. These are details found during the field research and are to complement the overview provided in the overall report. Oil and mineral production The most important economic activity in Southern Sudan is oil production, which is currently taking place in the oil rich regions of Upper Nile, Abyei and Unity State. Oil was discovered in Sudan in the mid-1970s, but production did not start until 1999. The pioneer companies Chevron and Shell were forced to leave in 1984, after the outbreak of civil war. They eventually sold their rights in 1990, booking a $1 billion loss. Major players that have controlled the oil industry in Sudan since the mid-nineties include the Chinese National Petroleum Company (CNPC) and Petronas Caligary from Malaysia, Lundin Petroleum from Sweden and ONGC Videsh from India. While, at a global level, Sudan is a minor oil exporting country, China, India and Malaysia have invested billions of dollars in the country, including outside the oil industry. They consider their relations with the country not only as economic, but also geostrategic and energy-strategic successes that are worth defending.
    [Show full text]
  • Control of Infectious Disease During Pregnancy Among Pastoralists in South Sudan: a Case for Investment Into Mobile Clinics Emmanuel Nene Odjidja
    Odjidja Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice (2018) 8:27 Pastoralism: Research, Policy https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-018-0132-6 and Practice SHORT REPORT Open Access Control of infectious disease during pregnancy among pastoralists in South Sudan: A case for investment into mobile clinics Emmanuel Nene Odjidja Abstract Given their high intermittent mobility, proximity to cattle as well as underlying cultural practices, pastoralists are among groups with high exposure to infectious diseases. Living under adverse environmental conditions while in search for pasture can result in malaria and other environmental pathogenic diseases. Proximity to cattle and consumption of raw untreated milk from cows result in Treponema infections and bovine TB. Furthermore, widespread practice of polygamous relations increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections. Compounded with this, especially in humanitarian crisis settings with weaker health systems, pregnant pastoralists are under-served resulting in an escalation of the impact of infectious diseases which affects pregnant women and their developing foetus via vertical transmission. Using South Sudan as a case study, this paper argues that it is essential to control infectious diseases among pregnant pastoralists, through exploring various ambulatory health services especially mobile clinics. In addition, the paper calls for an increased investment into mobile clinics for pregnant pastoralists as a way of achieving global responsibility of ensuring universal health coverage. Keywords: Infectious disease, Humanitarian, Mobile clinics, Pregnancy, South Sudan, Pregnant pastoralist Introduction malaria, tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis during ante-natal Infectious disease during pregnancy remains a public care sessions (World Health Organization 2018). health problem that affects pregnant women and the de- South Sudan, the world’s newest nation, ceded from veloping foetus.
    [Show full text]