Important Background Knowledge to Learn
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Representations of Spain in Early Modern English Drama
Saugata Bhaduri Polycolonial Angst: Representations of Spain in Early Modern English Drama One of the important questions that this conference1 requires us to explore is how Spain was represented in early modern English theatre, and to examine such representation especially against the backdrop of the emergence of these two nations as arguably the most important players in the unfolding game of global imperialism. This is precisely what this article proposes to do: to take up representative English plays of the period belonging to the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) which do mention Spain, analyse what the nature of their treat- ment of Spain is and hypothesise as to what may have been the reasons behind such a treatment.2 Given that England and Spain were at bitter war during these twenty years, and given furthermore that these two nations were the most prominent rivals in the global carving of the colonial pie that had already begun during this period, the commonsensical expectation from such plays, about the way Spain would be represented in them, should be of unambiguous Hispanophobia. There were several contextual reasons to occasion widespread Hispanophobia in the period. While Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon (1509) and its subsequent annulment (1533) had already sufficiently complicated Anglo-Hispanic relations, and their daughter Queen Mary I’s marriage to Philip II of Spain (1554) and his subsequent becoming the King of England and Ireland further aggravated the 1 The conference referred to here is the International Conference on Theatre Cultures within Globalizing Empires: Looking at Early Modern England and Spain, organised by the ERC Project “Early Modern European Drama and the Cultural Net (DramaNet),” at the Freie Universität, Ber- lin, November 15–16, 2012, where the preliminary version of this article was presented. -
Early Elizabethan England, 1558-88 Home Learning Booklet KT2
Thamesview School History Early Elizabethan England, 1558-88 Home Learning Booklet KT2: Challenges at Home and Abroad, 1569-88 Instructions • Complete the knowledge recall sections of the booklet. • Answer the exam questions. Plots and Revolts at Home 1. Write the number of each of the following events and developments in the appropriate column to identify whether it was a key cause, event or consequence of the Revolt of the Northern Earls. Cause Event Consequence 1: The Earl of Sussex assembled a 2: The earls had political and 3: From 9 to 15 November 1569 huge royal army of 10,000 men, economic grievances against the earls of Northumberland and causing the Northern Earls to turn Elizabeth. She had weakened Westmorland urged all their back their march and escape into their control by appointing a tenants to join their army and Scotland. The Earl of Council of the North and had march south to bring an end to Northumberland was later taken lands from nobles, the Privy Council, which executed, along with 450 rebels. including the Earl of supported Elizabeth’s policies. Northumberland. 4: The revolt had little chance of 5: Elizabeth’s government did not 6: The earls had strong Catholic success since it was ineffectively panic. Officials in the north traditions, and both had taken led, confused in its aims and prevented rebels from taking key part in a plan to marry Mary lacked the support of most towns and were successful in Queen of Scots to the Duke of English Catholics, who were not raising a huge army in support of Norfolk to further support her committed to the revolt. -
Form Foreign Policy Took- Somerset and His Aims: Powers Change? Sought to Continue War with Scotland, in Hope of a Marriage Between Edward and Mary, Queen of Scots
Themes: How did relations with foreign Form foreign policy took- Somerset and his aims: powers change? Sought to continue war with Scotland, in hope of a marriage between Edward and Mary, Queen of Scots. Charles V up to 1551: The campaign against the Scots had been conducted by Somerset from 1544. Charles V unchallenged position in The ‘auld alliance’ between Franc and Scotland remained, and English fears would continue to be west since death of Francis I in dominated by the prospect of facing war on two fronts. 1547. Somerset defeated Scots at Battle of Pinkie in September 1547. Too expensive to garrison 25 border Charles won victory against forts (£200,000 a year) and failed to prevent French from relieving Edinburgh with 10,000 troops. Protestant princes of Germany at In July 1548, the French took Mary to France and married her to French heir. Battle of Muhlberg, 1547. 1549- England threatened with a French invasion. France declares war on England. August- French Ottomans turned attention to attacked Boulogne. attacking Persia. 1549- ratified the Anglo-Imperial alliance with Charles V, which was a show of friendship. Charles V from 1551-1555: October 1549- Somerset fell from power. In the west, Henry II captured Imperial towns of Metz, Toul and Verdun and attacked Charles in the Form foreign policy-Northumberland and his aims: Netherlands. 1550- negotiated a settlement with French. Treaty of In Central Europe, German princes Somerset and Boulogne. Ended war, Boulogne returned in exchange for had allied with Henry II and drove Northumberland 400,000 crowns. England pulled troops out of Scotland. -
Acknowledgements There Are Several People Without
Acknowledgements There are several people without whose assistance this thesis could not have been produced. I would like to thank, in particular, the following: Dr Alan Marshal, my supervisor at Bath Spa University College, for his constant nagging to 'get on with it'; Professor Roger Richardson of King Alfred's for his support as my external supervisor; Bath Spa University College for a constant supply of Inter Library Loans, a bursary and a travel grant to Spain; The Andrew C. Duncan Catholic History Trust for a research grant; Mgr Peter Pooling and the staff at Collegio Ingleses, Valladolid, Spain for their hospitality and access to their Archives; Mgr Michael Williams, for his assistance at Archive General, Simancas; Fr Daniel Rees, Librarian, Downside Abbey, Stratton on the Fosse, Somerset for access to the monastic library; Dr Dominic Bellenger and Dr Elaine Chalus, for their support and suggestions; Dr Ratal Witkowski, for Polish biographies; Joan Pattison, Dick Meyer, Irene Stansby for French, Dutch and Polish translations respectively; and David and Louise for being there. I would also like to thank Dr Paul Hyland & Doctor Barry Coward for their useful comments and suggestions that have enabled me to complete this work successfully. This thesis is dedicated to the memory of Charlotte May Anderson (May, 1977). Phis copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. Contents List of Illustrations Abbreviations Preface 12 Introduction 22 1. James VI and I and the Early Seventeenth-Century Political Scene 27 2. -
Spiritual Writings of Sister Margaret of the Mother of God (1635–1643)
MARGARET VAN NOORT Spiritual Writings of Sister Margaret of the Mother of God (1635–1643) • Edited by CORDULA VAN WYHE Translated by SUSAN M. SMITH Iter Academic Press Toronto, Ontario Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies Tempe, Arizona 2015 Iter Academic Press Tel: 416/978–7074 Email: [email protected] Fax: 416/978–1668 Web: www.itergateway.org Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies Tel: 480/965–5900 Email: [email protected] Fax: 480/965–1681 Web: acmrs.org © 2015 Iter, Inc. and the Arizona Board of Regents for Arizona State University. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Noort, Margaret van, 1587–1646. [Works. Selections. English] Spiritual writings of Sister Margaret of the Mother of God (1635–1643) / Margaret van Noort ; edited by Cordula van Wyhe ; translated by Susan M. Smith. pages cm. — (The other voice in early modern Europe. The Toronto series ; 39) (Medieval and Renaissance texts and studies ; volume 480) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-86698-535-2 (alk. paper) 1. Noort, Margaret van, 1587–1646. 2. Spirituality—Catholic Church—Early works to 1800. 3. Spiritual life—Catholic Church—Early works to 1800. 4. Discalced Carmelite Nuns—Spiritual life. 5. Discalced Carmelite Nuns—Belgium—Diaries. 6. Discalced Carmelite Nuns—Belgium—Correspondence. I. Wyhe, Cordula van, editor. II. Smith, Susan M. (Susan Manell), translator. III. Title. BX4705.N844A25 2015 271’.97102--dc23 [B] 2015020362 Cover illustration: Saint Teresa of Ávila, Rubens, Peter Paul (1577–1640) / Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna GG 7119. Cover design: Maureen Morin, Information Technology Services, University of Toronto Libraries. -
Britain and the Dutch Revolt 1560–1700 Hugh Dunthorne Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83747-7 - Britain and the Dutch Revolt 1560–1700 Hugh Dunthorne Frontmatter More information Britain and the Dutch Revolt 1560–1700 England’s response to the Revolt of the Netherlands (1568–1648) has been studied hitherto mainly in terms of government policy, yet the Dutch struggle with Habsburg Spain affected a much wider commu- nity than just the English political elite. It attracted attention across Britain and drew not just statesmen and diplomats but also soldiers, merchants, religious refugees, journalists, travellers and students into the confl ict. Hugh Dunthorne draws on pamphlet literature to reveal how British contemporaries viewed the progress of their near neigh- bours’ rebellion, and assesses the lasting impact which the Revolt and the rise of the Dutch Republic had on Britain’s domestic history. The book explores affi nities between the Dutch Revolt and the British civil wars of the seventeenth century – the fi rst major challenges to royal authority in modern times – showing how much Britain’s chang- ing commercial, religious and political culture owed to the country’s involvement with events across the North Sea. HUGH DUNTHORNE specializes in the history of the early modern period, the Dutch revolt and the Dutch republic and empire, the his- tory of war, and the Enlightenment. He was formerly Senior Lecturer in History at Swansea University, and his previous publications include The Enlightenment (1991) and The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Britain and the Low Countries -
Oxford DNB: May 2021
Oxford DNB: May 2021 Welcome to the seventy-fourth update of the Oxford DNB, which adds 18 new lives and 1 portrait likeness. The newly-added biographies range from the noblewoman Jane Dudley, duchess of Northumberland, to Eleanor Cavanagh, lady’s maid and correspondent from Russia, and include a cluster with a focus on catholic lay culture in early modern England. They have been curated and edited by Dr Anders Ingram of the ODNB. From May 2021, the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford DNB) offers biographies of 64, 115men and women who have shaped the British past, contained in 61, 787 articles. 11,802 biographies include a portrait image of the subject – researched in partnership with the National Portrait Gallery, London. Most public libraries across the UK subscribe to the Oxford DNB, which means you can access the complete dictionary for free via your local library. Libraries offer 'remote access' that enables you to log in at any time at home (or anywhere you have internet access). Elsewhere, the Oxford DNB is available online in schools, colleges, universities, and other institutions worldwide. Full details of participating British public libraries, and how to gain access to the complete dictionary, are available here. May 2021: summary of newly-added content The lives in this month’s update focus on Early Modern Women and particularly on the adaptions of underground catholic lay culture in the face of religious turbulence and persecution in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England. Joan Aldred [née Ferneley] (b. 1546, d. after 12 Oct 1625), and her husband Solomon were catholic activists who seem to have received a papal pension for their role in supporting the landing of the secret Jesuit mission of Edmund Campion. -
Early Elizabethan England, 1558-88 REVISION SHEET Key Topic 1
Early Elizabethan England, 1558-88 REVISION SHEET Key topic 1: Queen, government and religion, 1558-69 Society Government Hierarchy in countryside Hierarchy in towns Court – Noblemen who advised 1. Nobility 1. Merchants the queen 2. Gentry 2. Professionals Parliament – Houses of Lords 3. Yeomen 3. Business owners and Commons. Advised 4. Tenant farmers 4. Skilled craftsmen Elizabeth’s government 5. Landless and working poor 5. Unskilled workers Privy Council – Nobles who 6. Homeless and beggars 6. Unemployed helped govern the country Elizabeth’s problems when she became queen in 1558: She was young and inexperienced. She was Protestant so not supported by English Catholics. Many people (especially Catholics) thought she was illegitimate and had no right to the throne. She was unmarried. Financial weaknesses – The Crown (government) was £300,000 in debt. Mary I had sold off Crown lands (making it hard for Elizabeth to raise money) and borrowed from foreign countries (who charged high interest rates). Challenges from abroad – France, Spain and Scotland were all Catholic countries and believed Mary, Queen of Scots had a stronger claim to the throne of England than Elizabeth. France and Scotland were old allies. Elizabeth’s character – She was very well educated, confident and charismatic. She believed in her divine right to rule. She had an excellent understanding of politics. She was strong willed and stubborn. Religious Divisions in 1558 Catholic Protestant Puritan Pope is head of the church No pope Very strict Protestants Priests can forgive sins Only God can forgive sins (shared many beliefs but Bread and wine become the body and Bread and wine represent the body and more extreme, e.g. -
Netherlandish Culture of the Sixteenth Century SEUH 41 Studies in European Urban History (1100–1800)
Netherlandish Culture of the Sixteenth Century SEUH 41 Studies in European Urban History (1100–1800) Series Editors Marc Boone Anne-Laure Van Bruaene Ghent University © BREPOLS PUBLISHERS THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE PRINTED FOR PRIVATE USE ONLY. IT MAY NOT BE DISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHER. Netherlandish Culture of the Sixteenth Century Urban Perspectives Edited by Ethan Matt Kavaler Anne-Laure Van Bruaene FH Cover illustration: Pieter Bruegel the Elder - Three soldiers (1568), Oil on oak panel, purchased by The Frick Collection, 1965. Wikimedia Commons. © 2017, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. D/2017/0095/187 ISBN 978-2-503-57582-7 DOI 10.1484/M.SEUH-EB.5.113997 e-ISBN 978-2-503-57741-8 Printed on acid-free paper. © BREPOLS PUBLISHERS THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE PRINTED FOR PRIVATE USE ONLY. IT MAY NOT BE DISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHER. Table of Contents Ethan Matt Kavaler and Anne-Laure Van Bruaene Introduction ix Space & Time Jelle De Rock From Generic Image to Individualized Portrait. The Pictorial City View in the Sixteenth-Century Low Countries 3 Ethan Matt Kavaler Mapping Time. The Netherlandish Carved Altarpiece in the Early Sixteenth Century 31 Samuel Mareel Making a Room of One’s Own. Place, Space, and Literary Performance in Sixteenth-Century Bruges 65 Guilds & Artistic Identities Renaud Adam Living and Printing in Antwerp in the Late Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries. -
William Herle and the English Secret Service
William Herle and the English Secret Service Michael Patrick Gill A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at Victoria University of Wellington 2010 ii Table of Contents Abstract iii Abbreviations iv Transcription Policy and Note on Dates v Acknowledgements vi Introduction 1 Chapter I: Herle‘s Early Life 12 Chapter II: The Ridolfi Plot 40 Chapter III: Contrasts in Patronage 65 Chapter IV: Herle in the Netherlands 97 Chapter V: the End of Herle‘s Career 112 Conclusion 139 Bibliography 145 iii Abstract This thesis examines William Herle‘s life through his surviving letters to William Cecil, Lord Burghley, and other Elizabethan Privy Councillors. It emphasises the centrality of the Elizabethan patronage system to Herle‘s life, describing how his ties to Cecil helped Herle escape prison, avoid his creditors, and gain recompense for his service to Elizabeth. In exchange for Cecil‘s protection, Herle became deeply involved in Elizabethan intelligence networks, both domestic and foreign, throughout the 1570s and 1580s. Herle helped uncover plots against Elizabeth, passed vital information about events in the Spanish Netherlands back to England, and provided analyses of English foreign policy for his superiors. Despite his vital role, Herle never experienced true success, and died deeply in debt and abandoned by his patrons. Herle‘s life allows us wider insights into Elizabethan government and society. His experiences emphasises the inefficient nature of the Tudor foreign service, which utilised untrained diplomats who gained their position through political connections and were left to pay their own way through taking out loans they had little hope of repaying. -
Throckmorton of Coughton and Wigmore of Lucton
John THROCKMORTON Eleanor SPINETO Died: 1445 Treasurer of England Thomas THROCKMORTON Margaret OLNEY John THROCKMORTON Isabel BRUGES Died: 1436 Elizabeth BAYNHAM Robert THROCKMORTON Catherine MARROW John THROCKMORTON Richard THROCKMORTON Edward PEYTO Goditha THROCKMORTON Richard MIDDLEMORE of Mary THROCKMORTON William TRACY Margaret THROCKMORTON Thomas MIDDLEMORE Eleanor THROCKMORTON John THROCKMORTON ancestor of Throckmortons of Claxton ancestor of Throckmortons of Great Edgbaston and Southeltham Stoughton Died: 1499 Thomas GIFFARD of Chillington Ursula THROCKMORTON George THROCKMORTON Katherine VAUX Richard THROCKMORTON Joan BEAUFO Thomas BURDET of Brancot Mary THROCKMORTON Richard MIDDLEMORE of Sir Thomas ENGLEFIELD Elizabeth THROCKMORTON Anthony THROCKMORTON Margaret THROCKMORTON Christopher THROCKMORTON Sheriff of Warks and Leics Died: 1547 Edgbaston Died: 1537 Sheriff of Glocs Muriel BERKELEY Robert THROCKMORTON Elizabeth HUSSEY Clement THROCKMORTON Catherine NEVILLE Nicholas THROCKMORTON Anne CAREW John THROCKMORTON Margaret PUTTENHAM George THROCKMORTON Sir John HUBALD of Ipsley Mary THROCKMORTON John GIFFORD of Ichell Elizabeth THROCKMORTON Gabriel THROCKMORTON Emma LAWRENCE William THROCKMORTON Died: 1570 (app) ancestor of Throckmortons of Haseley Born: 1515 Died: 1580 probable parentage Died: 1553 Died: 1571 Judge in Chester. Ambassador Thomas THROCKMORTON Margaret WHORWOOD Sir John GOODWIN of Elizabeth THROCKMORTON Henry NORWOOD Catherine THROCKMORTON Ralph SHELDON Anne THROCKMORTON Edward ARDEN of Park Hall Mary THROCKMORTON -
A.P. European History. Western Heritage Chapter 12 the Age of Religious Wars September 2017
A.P. European History. Western Heritage Chapter 12 The Age of Religious Wars September 2017 All assignments and dates are subject to change. Assignments Due 1. Read pp. 390-395 The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598) September 3, Sunday 2. Read pp. 395-404 Imperial Spain and the Reign of Philip II (1556-1598) September 6, Wednesday England & Spain (1553-1603) 3. Read pp. 404-413 The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) September 8, Friday 4. SAQ QUIZ TBA 5. All Bp”s & 1 outline are due September 15 Friday 6. http://www.historyguide.org/earlymod/lecture6c.html Read!! 7. Chapter 12 Test September 15 Friday Study Guide for Chapter 12 - The Age of Religious Wars Terms and People to Know Sec 1. (pgs 388-395) presbyters Counter-Reformation baroque Peter Paul Reubens Gianlorenzo Bernini Christopher Wren Rembrandt van Rijn politiques Huguenots Edict of Fontainebleau Edict of Chateaubriand Henry of Navarre Catherine de Medici Bourbons Guises Louis I, Prince of Condy Admiral Gaspard de Coligny Conspiracy of Amboise Theodore Beza Francis II Charles IX January Edict Peace of St. Germain-en-Laye Battle of Lepanto Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre Henry of Navarre Franco - Gallia Francois Hotman On the Right of Magistrates over Their Subjects Henry III The Peace of Beaulieu The Day of Barricades Henry IV The Edict of Nantes Treaty of Vervins Sec 2. (pgs 395-401) Spanish Armada Philip II Ferdinand I Potosi ( Bolivia ) Zacatecas (Mexico) inflation The Escorial Don Carlos Don John of Austria The Battle of Lepanto annexation of Portugal Cardinal Granvelle Margaret of Parma The Count of Egmont William of Nassau ( of Orange) Anne of Saxony Louis of Nassau The Compromise The Duke of Alba The Council of Trouble "tenth penny tax" Stadholder "Sea Beggars" Don Luis de Requesens "The Spanish Fury" The Pacification of Ghent Union of Brussels The Perpetual Edict of 1577 The Union of Arras The Union of Utrecht " The Apology" Duke of Alencon Maurice of Orange Treaty of Joinville Twelve Year's Truce Sec 3.