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Solid Waste Management in Bangkok

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Solid Waste Management in Bangkok Solid Waste Management of Bangkok Department of Environment Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Solid Waste Situation of Bangkok Amount of Solid Waste in Bangkok 10.700 tons/day How much ?? 2,140 of waste collection trucks are used per day!!! Department of Environment 2 Solid Waste Amount of Bangkok Ton/day 16,000 The amount of solid waste in 2018 15,000 14,000 increased by 180 tons/day from 2017, 13,000 representing 1.71 percent. 4,444 12,000 tons/day 11,000 (29%) 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1991 2005 2019 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Average amount of waste collected per day waste forecasted by JBIC in 2000 Department of Environment 3 Challenges of Solid Waste Management • Rapid urban growth, more people live in Bangkok Education Tourism Job opportunity Population forecast for Bangkok 2017 * - registered population: 5,767,043 - non registered population: 5,213,724 * The report on waste management as resource studied by Kasetsart University Department of Environment 4 26 August 2014, The National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) has approved the solid waste and hazardous waste management roadmap. Crisis To Good Environment SourceDepartment : Pollution of Environment Control Department 5 Solid Waste Management Road Map!! • The solid waste and hazardous waste management roadmap was stipulated. 2014 • NCPO approved on 26 August, 2014 • National solid waste management master plan for 2016 - 2072 was prepared. 2015 • The Cabinet approved on 3 May 2016. • Action plan "Thailand without waste" according to the Civil State Guidelines for 1 2016 year (2016 - 2017) • The Cabinet approved on 20 September 2016. 6 Department of Environment Challenges of Solid Waste Management • Behavior and culture of • Lack of legal support popular consumer measures society ❖ Waste separation at source ❖Discarding waste materials ❖ The use of recyclable or packaging without being materials sorted, reused or recycled ❖ The manufacturer’s responsibility for managing their products wastes and packaging Department of Environment 7 Challenges of Solid Waste Management Illegal dumping of bulky waste ➢ mattress, sofa, table, refrigerator etc. ➢ obstacle of water drainage Department of Environment 8 Challenges of Solid Waste Management The cost is very high compared to the collected fees. Real Cost Collected Fee 20 Baht/month 228 Baht/month (waste generated not more than 20 liter/house/day) Cost of waste management Total collected Fee > Collection 4,190 MBaht Disposal 2,953 MBaht Total Cost 7,143 million baht 509 million baht Department of Environment 9 Comparison of waste management costs and collected fees Million baht 8,000 7,143 คีาใชีจีายการจัดการมูลฝอยCost of Waste Management คีาธรรมเนียมCollected Fee 6,985 6,924 7,000 6,519 6,568 6,189 6,119 6,000 5,728 5,028 5,000 4,751 4,312 4,470 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 400 416 419 424 438 419 455 467 476 496 509 523 - 2007ปี 50 2008ปี 51 2009ปี 52 2010ปี 53 2011ปี 54 2012ปี 55 2013ปี 56 2014ปี 57 2015ปี 58 2016ปี 59 2017ปี 60 2018ปี 61 Department of Environment 10 Solid Waste Management Concepts 1. integrate solid waste management system, reduction at source , collection, transportation and waste disposal 2. Control to reduce the amount of waste to a minimum and reuse as much as possible. 3. Collect solid waste thoroughly and efficiently 4. Dispose waste hygienically, environmental friendly method, reduce landfill sites and focus on using waste to energy technology. Department of Environment 11 Solid Waste Management Policy and Plan of Bangkok National Waste 20 years Bangkok Management plan 20 years Bangkok Solid Management Master Plan Development Plan Solid waste of Bangkok Waste Disposal Plan 2016-2021 2013-2032 2015-2019 2015-2035 - 75% of general wastes are - 50% of wastes are - Reduce the amount of - Increase waste treatment managed properly separated and utilized disposed waste by 7%. system which waste will - 30% of hazardous wastes at source - increase the amount of be utilized are managed appropriately - 20% reduction in waste collected household - Reduce 50 % of waste - 100 % of infectious wastes that will be disposed of hazardous waste up to 20% disposed in landfill site are managed appropriately - Treated waste return - Increase the amount of - 50 % of local government to be utilized up to waste disposed by (Base year: 2013 ) organizations manage waste 400% appropriate technology and at source most utilization up to 30% (Base year: 2013 ) (Base year: 2013 ) (Base year: 2013 ) Department of Environment 12 Solid waste management guidelines according to community waste management action plan “Clean Province” in the year 2018 Frameworks • - Communicate to reduce solid waste amount • Focus on promoting the All Organizations according to 3R Principle civil state including the in BMA. - Arrange at least 4 types of government sector, private waste bin to support solid sector, education sector, Solid Waste waste separation. religious sector and civil Management society / public sector Guidelines • - Acknowledge and make • To reduce, separate and understanding for people utilize solid waste at the participation source according to the 3R District - Set up hazardous waste principle, use less, reuse, collection points recycle and control the Offices - Request cooperation, increase the amount of providing adequate solid waste solid waste from the source. bins in tourist attractions, parks. Department of Environment 13 Solid Waste Management of Bangkok - Support 14 target groups, Education R&D 33,167civil states groups Reduction and - Reduce use, reuse, waste utilization and waste Public Sorting separation Relation Waste Management Collection and Disposal Transportation 14 Department of Environment Solid Waste Management of Bangkok Civil states groups and 14 target groups waste separation, set up hazardous waste collection points at Source Reduction and District Offices Separation Utilize waste from operations Schools and organizations of BMA Separate wastes 15 Department of Environment Solid Waste Management System of Bangkok Promote people to Domestic / aboard Source of Recyclable separate waste and recyclable material Waste sale them to buyers Factories solid waste or junk shops 14 target - promote people to make compost, fermented liquid fertilizer, biogas, feed animals at source group + Organic - district offices collect yard waste, vegetable and fruits waste from big places , then transform them to be compost at district learning center Promote Waste or transport waste to compost plants of BMA Reduce & Reuse Non-Recyclable Contract a private Household (Safe Dispose) company Separate Hazardous Solid Waste Waste Recyclable material Domestic / aboard recyclable material Junk shops Factories Organic To Compost Plants 15% Fertilizer General Separate recyclable material Residue Waste To Waste to Energy Ash All unsorted Incinerator 5% wastes To Waste Transfer Stations 80% Landfill Sites Department of Environment 16 Examples of campaign activities on waste reduction and separation at sources according to the 3R principle Green Bangkok Network Make compost from yard Public Relation via waste and food waste various media 2. District - Improve waste collection Promotion on Level route map 1. Bangkok Level Waste - Appoint date for each type Reduction and of waste collection Setting up separate Separation waste bins according to Develop each district office to be a 3R waste management learning center Providing household Public Private Partnership for hazardous waste bins Sustainable Plastic and Waste in 106 of Shell gas 3. Community Management stations Level Project of waste reduction and separation in 14 Project of target groups Processing Food Network of Solid Project of Solid Integrated Solid Waste into Biogas Waste Management Waste and Waste Waste In 40 Schools Project of Community Cooperation Water Management Based Solid Waste With Concept “H T Management by Learning Center Management (CBM) S“ House Temple Communities in 6 Schools in 6 BMA 506 communities School Department12 ofCanal Environment Area Zone 17 Examples of campaign activities on waste reduction and separation at sources according to the 3R principle 1. Bangkok Level Setting up at least 2 types of waste bins in public places to support waste separation according national policy 18 Department of Environment Examples of campaign activities on waste reduction and separation at sources according to the 3R principle 1. Bangkok Level Cooperation with various sectors in hazardous waste managementDepartment of Environment 19 Examples of campaign activities on waste reduction and separation at sources according to the 3R principle 1. Bangkok Level A cooperation project of hazardous waste collection in the Shell gas station 20 Department of Environment 2. District Level Send to Send to Farmer for Zero Waste District composting plant animal feeding Organic Waste Branches & Food Waste to compost yard waste Vegetable & Fruit Leaf Water Hyacinth & Weed District promote the waste utilization at source 21 โรงเรียน หน่วยงานสังกัดกรุงเทพมหานคร3.Community level คัดแยกขยะ 22 Waste separation at source in 2018 • Total 3.90 Million ton/year • Public • Landfill 80% • Scavenger • Incineration 5% General Recycle • Waste collector สรุปผลการค ัดแยกขยะ ปีงบประมาณ 2560• • Composting 15% Waste 1,197 Segregation for selling 10,700 Tons/day to recycle shop 85.21Tons/day% 9.53% Organic Hazardous • Vegetable/Fruit Waste Waste & yard waste 649 Tons/day 2.7 Tons/day • Drop off in community • Compost Animal Feeding 5.24% 0.02% • Drop off in shop at source 588 tons/day • Private subcontract for • Send to composting plant disposal 70 tons/day Department of Environment 23 Solid waste management in Bangkok Middle stream Collection & Transportation Department of Environment 24 Waste collection : Human resources & Vehicles BMA’s truck 495 Unit (22 %) Rented Truck 1,571 Waste collection trucks Unit (78 %) Boat 111 Unit (DOE 54 Unit /DO 57 Unit) Waste collection boats Waste collector 10,454 person Waste collector Department of Environment 25 Waste collection and transportation Service Time 1. Waste collection time 06.00 p.m.
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