THANH PHAN LOAI VA THAM Thy'c V^T VEN SONG YAM CO TAY, TINH LONG AN

Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Sd 61 nam 2014

^ THANH PHAN LOAI VA THAM THy'C V^T VEN SONG YAM CO TAY, TINH LONG AN

LE BA KHOA', DANG VAN SON",PHAM VAN NGOT'"

TOM TAT Kit qud nghiin ciru da xdc dinh duac ven sdng Vdm Cd Tdy cd 205 loai, 159 chi, 74 hp ciia 2 nganh thuc vat bac cap cd mach Id nganh Duong xi (Polypodiophyta) vd Ngpc Ian (Magnoliophyta). Tdi nguyin thuc vat cd ich dupe thdng ke, trong dd cd 135 loai cay cd gid tri lam thude, 31 loai lam thuc pham, 22 loai lam gia dung, 6 loai lam cdnh vd 1 loai cho tinh ddti. Dd xdc dinh 2 loai thuc vdt cd gid tri bdo tdn theo Sdeh Dd Viet Nam (2007) la Cd na (Elaeocarpus hygrophilus) vd Lua trdi (Oryza ruflpogon). Dang sdng cua thuc vat duac chia Idm 6 nhdm chinh la cay than thdo, cay bul, cay gd nhd, cdy go Idn, day leo vd bdn ki sinh. Ddng thdi, ghi nhdn duac 11 kieu quan hpp thirc vpt cd d ven song Vdm Co Tdy Tir khda: Vam Cd Tay, thuc vat ven song, dat ng^p nuac, tai nguyen thuc v|t, tham thirc vat. ABSTRACT Species composition and vegetation along the Vam Co Tay river. Long An province The results of the study of species composition ami vegetation along the Vam Co Tay river recorded 205 species, 159 genera, 74 families belonging to two phyla of vascular plants Polypodiophyta and Magnoliophyta. The plant resources were divided into five groups as follows: (I) medicinal plants with 72 species, (2) vegetables with 31 species, (3) household - used plants with 22 species, (4) ornamental plants with 6 species, and (5) essential oU with I species Elaeocarpus hygrophilus and Oryza ruflpogon are listed for conservation in Vietnam Red Data Book (2007). Life forms of plants were divided into sa groups including herbs, shrubs, small trees, big trees, lianas and hemiparasites. Moreover, 11 plant communities were identified along the Vam Co Tay river. Keywords: Vam Co Tay, riparianplants , wertands, plant resources, vegetation.

I. D^t van de Song Vam Co Tay la mot ttong hai nhanh ciia song Vam Co thuoc tinh Long An dai 185km, chay qua cac huyen Vinh Hung, thi xa KiSn Tuong, Moc Hoa, Tan Thanh, Thanh Hoa, Thii Thira, thanh pho Tan An, Tan Tru va Chau Thanh.

_HVCH, Tru&ng D?i hoc Su pham TPHCM _ThS, ViSn Sinh hoc Nhiet ddi TS. Truing Dai hpc Su pham TPHCM

60 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM LeBd Khoa va tgk

Song Vam Co Tay dugc xem la mot luu vuc a dong bang song Ciiu Long, la nai giao thoa ciia hai he thong song Dong Nai va song Me Kong nen da tao ra cac sinh canh thuc vat rat dac trung cho vung Dong Thap Muai. The nhung, trong nhung nam gan day, dual ap luc cua su gia tang dan so ciing nhu anh huong ciia qua trinh biin d6i khi hau, cung vai su khai thac khong hgp li ciia con nguai da gay tac dong nghiem trong d§n he thuc vat ven bo, nhieu sinh canh thuc vat tu nhien dugc thay xhk bai cac ao nuoi ca, dat canh tac hay cong trinh xay dung... Nghien ciiu nay nhSm cung dp nhung dan lieu ve su da dang cua he thuc vat ven song Vam Co Tay ciing nhu gia tri tai nguyen cua no, giiip cac co quan quan li co co sa khoa hgc trong viec quy hoach, bao ton, sii dung va phat trien ben viing nguon tai nguyen thien nhien nay. 2. Phirong phap nghiSn curu 2. J. Ngoai th irc dia Tiin hanh di^u tra va thu mlu thuc vat vao 3 dgt (thang 9, thang 10/2013, thang 3/2014) doc theo song Vam Co Tay; mau vat thu thap dugc chiip anh va xii II sa bg ngoai thuc dia bing dung dich alcohol 70 - 80%, kem theo ghi H lich mlu. De xac dinh cac quln hgp thuc vat, sii dung phuang phap Braun - Blanquet (1964). Phuang phap Braun - Blanquet dua tren thanh phan loai hien dien de xac dinh cac hgi doan thuc vat. De dan gian trong viec khao sat thuc dia chung toi chgn 6 mau voi kich thuoc tucmg d6i cho cac kilu tham thuc vat khac nhau: 6 tieu chuan co kich thuac 10m X 20m d6i vai quSn hgp cay go va cay bui; Im x Im d6i vai quan hgp ddng CO. Trong moi 6 tieu chuan, tien hanh thu mau de xac dinh thanh phan loai, mo ta cac dac diem cua tham thuc vat, ude lugng loai uu the. 2.2. Trong phdng thi nghiem Xac dinh ten khoa hgc cac loai thuc vat theo phuang phap hinh thai so sanh tren CO sa cac tai lieu chuyen nganh va cac mau chuan dugc luu giu tai Bao tang Thuc vat thu6c Vien Sinh hgc Nhiet dai, dong thai phan chia dang song va cac nhom cay co gia tri tai nguyen dua vao ket qua thuc dia ket hgp vai cac tai lieu nhu: Cay co Viet Nam cua Pham Hoang Hg (1999 - 2003) [3], Cam nang tra ciiu da dang sinh vat ciia Nguyin NghTa Thin (1997) [6], Nhung cay thuoc va vi thuoc Viet Nam cua D6 T^t Lgi (2004) [5], Tu dlkn Cay thu6c Viet Nam ciia V6 Van Chi (2012) [2], Sach do Viet Nam (2007) [1]. Lap danh luc thanh phan loai thuc vat theo each sap xep ciia Brummitt (1992). [7] 3. Ket qua va thao luan 3.1. Da dang ve thanh phdn loai Tir k6t qua diSu tra ngoai thuc dia kit hgp vaik^t qua phan tich trong phong thi nghiem da ghi nhan dugc thanh phan loai thuc vat ven song Vam Co Tay co 205 loai, thuoc 159 chi, 74 hg, ciia 2 nganh Thuc vat bac cao co mach la nganh Duong xi (Polypodiophyta) va Nggc Ian (Magnoliophyta). Trong do, nganh Duong xi c6 10 loai (chiim 4,9% tong s6 loai), 8 chi (chiim 5,0% tong so chi), 7 ho (chiem 9,5% tong s6 hg) la hg Rang la dira (Blachnaceae), Rau bg (Marsileaceae), Gat nai (Parkeriaceae),

61 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM S6 61 nam 2014

Rang (Pteridaceae), Beo ong (Salviniaceae), Bong bong (Schizeaeeae) va Don (Thelypteridaceae); nganh Ngoe Ian co 195 loai, 151 chi, 67 ho. Nhu vay, cd the khang dinh rang nganh Ngpc Ian chiem uu the ve tong so loai, chi va hp 6 khu v\rc nghiSn cuu. Phan tich sau hon ve nganh Ngpc Ian (Magnoliophyta) cho thay: lop Ngpc Ian (Magnoliopsida) chi6m uru thS voi 143 loai (73,3% tong s6 loai trong nganh Ngpc Ian), s6 chi la 109 (72,2% t6ng s6 chi), s6 hp la 49 (73,1% t6ng s6 hp); lop Mot la mim (Liliopsida) co ti le thjp hon, eo sfl loai la 52 (26,7% tong s6 loai), s6 chi la 42 (27,8% tong so chi), so hg la 18 (26,9% tong so hp). Nhu vay, 16p Ngoc Ian chiem uu the trong nganh Thuc vat hat kin va tham chi trong toan he thuc vat vung nghien cuu. 6 cap dp hp, 10 hp CO so lupng loai nhieu nhat vol 101 loai chiem 49,3% t6ng s6 loai trong toan he. Trong do, hp co so lupng loai nhieu nhat phai ke den la hp Dau (Fabaceae) co 20 loai (chiSm 9,8% t6ng so loai); ke den la hp Hoa thao (Poaceae) vi ho Coi (Cyperaceae) co 14 loai (chiSm 6,8%); hp Cue (Asteraceae) va hp Bim bim (Convolvulaceae) co 9 loai (chiem 4,4%); hp Thau dau (Euphorbiaceae), hp Ca ph^ (Rublaceae) va hp Hoa mom cho (Scrophulariaceae) moi hp eo 8 loai (chi^m 3,9%)), ho Dau tam (Moraceae) co 6 loai (chiem 2,9%)) va sau cung la hp Sim (Myrtaeeae) eo 5 loai (chiem 2,4%)). d cip dp chi, CO 10 chi co s6 lupng loai nhiSu nhit la chi Coi (Cypertis) c6 7 loai (chito 3,4% tong s6 loai), kS dSn la chi Da (Ficus) co 6 loai (chiSm 2,9%)); chi Khoai lang (//jomoeo) va chi Tram (Syzygium) ciing co 4 loai (chiSm 1,9%)); cac chi c6 3 loai (chiem, 1,5%)) g6m: Bong bong (Lygodium), chi Bim (Merremia), chi Mic co (Mimosa), chi Diep ha chau (Phyllanthus), chi Lpc vimg (Barringtonia), chi Rau dira nucfc (Ludwigia), va ehi Thai lai (Commelina). 3.2. Ba dang ve dgng sdng eua thuc vat Theo each phan chia dang s6ng eiia Nguyin Nghia Thin (1997) [6], thi thuc vat vimg nghien ciiu dupe chia lam 6 nhom dang s6ng chinh, do la: cay than thao, cay bui, cay gS nho, cay gS Ion, day leo va ban ki sinh. Trong do, nhom cay than thao (C) co 111 loai (chiem 54,2%o tong s6 loai), nhom nay g6m cac cay s6ng ven bai b6i, ven bo song dat thip im, hay cac vung dit ngap nude, tap trung chii ySu vao cac hp nhu hp Hoa thao (Poaceae), hp Coi (Cyperaceae), hp Cue (Asteraceae)... TiSp dSn la nhom cay go ion (GL) va g6 nho (GN) lin lugt co 28 loai (chiim 13,7%) va 16 loai (chiim 7,8%), nhom nay gom cac cay s6ng o ven bcr song nhu hp Dao Ion hot (Anacardiaceae), hp Na (Annonaceae), hp True dao (Apocynaceae), hp Sim (Myrtaeeae), hp chile (Lecythidaceae)... Nhom day leo (DL) co 27 loai (chiim 13,2%) chu yeu la cac hp Bim bim (Convolvulaceae), hp Bong bong (Schizeaeeae), hp Dau (Fabaceae), hp Day m6i (Menispermaceae)... Nhom cay bui (B) co 21 loai (ehilm 10,2%)), nhom nay gap nhiiu a ven bo dit kho hay im tap trung chu yiu vao cac hg nhu hg Dau (Fabaceae), hp Mua (Melastomataceae), hp Cau dira (Arecaceae)... Nhom ban ki sinh (BKS) co 2 loai (ehilm 1,0%)), chii yiu tap trung vao cac hg Tim giii

62 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Le Bd Khoa va tgk

(Loranthaceae) va ho Long nao (Lauraceae). Nhu vay, nhom cay than thao chiim ti trgng cao nhat (54,2%) trong so cac dang song hien co o khu vuc nghien ciiu, chiing khong chi gop phan lam gia tang tinh da dang cua he sinh thai thuc vat ven song ma con dem lai gia tri sii dung cho nguai dan dja phuong, tham gia bao ve moi trucmg. chong xoi mon va bien doi khi hau. 3.3. Da dang ve gia tri tai nguyen cua thirc vat Gid tri sir dung: tai nguyen thuc vat co ich ciing dugc thong ke, trong s6 205 loai hien dien trong khu vuc nghien ciiu thi co den vai 195 (chiim 95,1%) loai cay co gia tri sii dung. Trong do, co 135 loai (chiem 65,9% tong so loai) co gia tri lam thuoc, 31 loai (chiem 15,1%) cay lam thuc pham, 22 loai (chiem 10,7%) cay gia dung, 6 loai (chiim 2,9%) cay lam canh, 1 loai (chiem 0,5%) cho tinh dau. Cac loai dugc nguoi dan s6ng ven song Vam Co Tay khai thac pho bien de lam canh nhu; Lpc viing {Barringtonia acutangiila), Chiec {Barringtonia conoidea), Si {Ficus benjamina). Sop {Ficus superba); sii dung lam thuc pham va lam thuoc chCra benh nhu: Choai {Stenochlaena palustris), Rau nhiit {Neptunia oleracea), Rau ma {Centella asiatica), hay khai thac l4y go dung trong x^y dung, dong cac do diing gia dinh, tau thuyen, cho sgi de ben thanh day, thung, lam do mi nghe hoac lay ciii nhu: Mu u {Calophyllum inophyllum), Tram {Melaleuca cajupiitil), Tra lam chieu {Hibiscus tilliaceus). Son nuac {Gluta velutina), Luc binh {Eichhornia crassipes). Ngoai cac gia tn sii dung neu tren, nhieu loai thuc vat con CO gia tri xii li lam sach moi truang gop phan khong nho trong viec dieu hoa va can bang m6i truang nuac nhu; Beo cam nho (Lemna minor), Beo cai {Pistia stratiotes), Beo tai chugt {Salvinia cucullatd). Say {Phragmites karka), Rau dira nuac {Ludwigia adscendens), Nghe {Polygonum tomentosum), Luc binh {Eichhornia crassipes)... Gid tri ve nguon gen quy hiem: de co bien phap bao ve cac loai, viec quan trpng la danh gia cac miic dp de dpa ciing rat quan trgng, tir do co chinh sach uu tien va bao ve hgp li. Theo Sach Do Viet Nam (2007) a viing nghien ciiu co 2 loai (chiem 1,0%) dugc xep vao danh luc cac loai thuc vat can dugc bao ton a thii hang Se, nguy cap(VU) la Ca na {Elaeocarpus hygrophilus) va Lua trai {Oryza ruflpogon). 3.4. Cdc kieu tham thtJtc vat trong vung nghien cuu Qudn hQfp Ban chua {Sonneratia casaeolaris): day la qu4n hgp dac trung cho viing ven song Vam Co Tay 6 thi xa Tan An, huyen Thil Thira, huyen Thanh Hoa vai B&i chua {Sonneratia casaeolaris) la loai uu thi. Ngoai ra con xu§t hien cac loai mgc xen khac nhu; Dira nuac {Nypa fruticans), Mai dam {Aglaodorum griffithii), Tra lam chieu {Hibisciistilliaceus), 6 ro trang {Acanthus ebracteattts), Choc gai {Lasia spinosa), Dira gal {Pandanus kaida). Qudn hap Dira nu&c {Nypa fruticans): xuat hien chii yeu a khu vuc huyen Tan An va Thii Thiia voi loai uu the la Dira nuac {Nypa fruticans), mgc xen con c6 O ro tring {Acanthus ebracteatus). Ngoai ra con co cac loai thuc vat khac tham gia nhu: Bin chua {Sonneratia casaeolaris), Diia gai {Pandanus kaida), Muap sat {Cerbera odollam), San nuac {Gluta velutina), Tra lam chieu {Hibiscus tilliaceus), Lgc viing

63 Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM S6 61 nam 2014

(Barringtonia acutangula), Trao trao (Excoecarta indica), Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes)... Day dugc xem la quan hpp kha da dang vl thanh phin loai. Qudn hpp Dira nude (Nypa fruticans) - Bdn chua {Sonneratia casaeolaris) - Tra Idm chiiu (Hibiscus tilliaceus): gap o huyen Tan Tru, thanh pho Tan An, huyen Thii Thira voi loai chiim uu thi la Tra lam chilu (^Hibiscus tilliaceus), Dira nuac (Nypa fruticans) va Bin chua (Sonneratia casaeolaris), ciing vai cac loai khac nhu; Chun bau bin canh (Combretum tetralophum), Vult chua (Uncaria aeida). Son nuoc (Gluta velutina), M&t meo khing 16 (Mucuna gigantea), Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes)... Trong qua trinh thuc dia, chiing toi ghi nhan 3 kieu quin hpp tren dupe gap chii yiu 6 doan song thupc dia ban huyen Chau Thanh din huyen Thanh Hoa. Vai su co mat eiia loai Bin chua, Diia nuoc, Muop sat, Tra lam chilu, 6 ro trtag... la nhihig loai dac trung cho viing nude Ip [4], chiing hinh thanh canh quan dac sic cua tham thuc vat ven song Vam Co Tay, giii vai tro quan trpng trong viSc c6 dinh bai boi ven song va ching sat lo ba song. Tuy nhien, do qua trinh khai thac dit nong nghiep, xay dung nha cira nen dai tham thuc vat ven song 6 day nho (chi rpng khoang 5 - 10m tinh tir mep nude vao bcr), bi chia cat, co nguy eo bi pha huy. Qudn hpp Dua gai (Pandanus kaida): quan hop ban ngap nuac tren dat am. Loai Dira gai (Pandanus kaida) ehilm phan Ion sinh canh. Mot s6 loai thirc vat khac mpc xen nhu; Chun biu bin canh (Combretum tetralophum), Chiec chiiy (Barringtonia conoidea). Son nuoc (Gluta velutina), Gao nuoc (Cephalanthus tetrandra), Vuot chua (Uncaria acida), Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes), Mon nuoc (Colocasia esculenta) va Rau muong dimg (Ludwigia oetovalvis). Kieu quSn hpp nay gap rai rac dpc theo song Vam Co Tay tit huyen Tan Tru din huyen Mpc Hda. Qudn hap Say (Phragmites karka): thanh phan loai trong quan hap nay kha don gian gom mot sd loai nhu; Mdn nude (Colocasia esculenta), Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes), Rau dira nude (Ludwigia adscendens), Rau trai (Commelina longlfolia), Co ong (Panicum repens) va Cd nga (Coix aquatic). Kieu quan hgp nay dugc gap a ven hit cua cac huyen Thanh Hda, Mgc Hda, thj xa Kien Tuong va huyen Vinh Hung. Qudn hpp Mdn nude (Colocasia esculenta): day la kieu tham thuc vat gSp hiu het d nhung viing ban ngap nude va ngap nude, phan bo chii yeu dpc theo hai ven bcr dat im, bai bdi ngSp nude khi trilu len. Mgc xen vdi Mon nude (Colocasia esculenta) con cd cac loai thuc vat khac tham gia nhu: Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes), Rau trai (Commelina longlfolia), Nghi (Polygonum tomentosum), Rau mac thon (Monochoria hastata), Vuot chua (Uncaria acida), Tra lam chieu (Hibiscustilliaceus), Dira nude (Nypa fruticans) va Mat meo khdng [o-(Mucuna gigantean). Qudn hap Nghe (Polygonum spp.); day la kieu tham thirc vat dac tnmg cho viing ngap nude thudng xuyen va viing chuyen tiep tir luu vuc len bd cao, cac loai trong chi Polygonum chiim im thi trong quin hgp nay. Phin Idn la Nghi (Polygonum tomentosum), Nghe rau (Polygonum barbatum) mpc thanh dam, tag thanh timg hpi doan Nghi dgc theo hai ben bd sdng. Ben canh cdn cd nhiiu loai cay than thao khac

64 Tgp chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM LeBd Khoa vd tgk

mgc xen nhu: Rau muong dumg {Ludwigia oetovalvis), Rau dira nuoc {Ludwidgia adcendens), Rau trai {Commelina longlfolia), Co ong {Panicum repens), Mon nuac {Colocasia esculenta), Luc binh {Eichhornia crassipes). Quan hgp nay hien dien chii yeu tren nhimg viing dat ngap va am quanh nam, vai tang biin kha day va thanh phhn dinh duong cao, cac loai thuc vat co kha nang thich ling vai diiu kien s6ng ngap va ban ngap theo dinh ky. Qudn hap Co ong {Panicum repens) - Nghi {Polygonum tomentosum) - Mon nuac {Colocasia esculenta): la kieu tham thuc vat tren vimg ngap nuoc va ban ngap nuac ven song Vam Co Tay, voi loai uu the la Co 6ng (Panicum repens), Nghi (Polygonum tomentosum) va Mon nuac (Colocasia esculenta). Con co mot s6 loai thuang gap trong quan hgp nay la: Rau muang diing (Ludwigia oetovalvis), Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes), Co nga (Coix aquatic), Rau trai (Commelina longlfolia), Mai ducmg (Mimosa pigra). Qudn hap Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes): kieu tham thuc vat nay hien dien tren viing ngap nuac quanh nam, phan Ian la nhiing noi nuoc diing, s6 lugng ca the day dac. Mot so lo^i mpc xen thuang gap trong kieu nay la Mon nuoc (Colocasia esculenta), Co nga (Coix aquatic), Co ong (Panicum repens), Nghe (Polygonum tomentosum), Rau trai {Commelina longlfolia), Rau dira nuac (Ludwigia adscendens), Sam long (Cyclea peltata). Say (Phragmites karka). Luc binh sinh truang va phat trien manh vao mua kho, phii kin doan song tir huyen Thanh Hoa den thi xa Kien Tuang, anh huofng nghiem trgng den luu thdng ciia tau thuyen. Quan hap Co nga (Coix aquatic): la quan hgp thuc vat ban ngap nuac vai Co nga (Coix aquatic) la loai uu the, so lugng nhieu va phat trien day dac cao tCr 30-40cm, co khi cao toi 70-80cm. Dang quan hgp nay bat gap kha nhieu a viing ven song Vam Co Tay, cimg voi mot so loai khac mgc xen nhu: Mon nuoc (Colocasia esculenta), Nghe (Polygonum tomentosum), Rau muong diing (Ludwigia oetovalvis), Rau mac thon (Monochoria hastata), Co ong (Panicum repens), Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes). Qudn hap Rau dira nuac (Ludwigia adscendens) Mon nuac (Colocasia esculenta) ~ Co nga (Coix aquatic): day cung la kieu tham hien dien tren viing ngap nuac quanh nam. Loai uu the trong quan hgp la Rau dira nuoc {Ludwigia adscendens), Mon nuoc (Colocasia esculenta) va Co nga {Coix aquatic) ket hgp vol cac loai khac t^o thanh be ndi c6 dinh nhu: Day vac (Cayratia trifolia), Mai dam (Aglaodorum griffithii), Rau muang diing (Ludwigia oetovalvis), Rau mac thon (Monochoria hastata).

65 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM S6 61 ndm 2014

4. Ket luan Da ghi nhan dupe d khu vuc nghien cim cd 205 loai, thupc 159 chi, 74 hp, ciia 2 nganh thuc vat bac cao cd mach la nganh Duong xi (Polypodiophyta) va Ngpc ian (Magnoliophyta). Da xac dinh dugc d khu vuc nghien ciru cd 195 loai thuc vat (chiem 95,l%o tong sd loai) cd gia tri su dung nhu: lam thuoc cd 135 loai (ehilm 65,9%)), 31 loai (ehilm 15,1%)) cay lam thuc phim, 22 loai (ehilm 10,7%o) cay gia dung, 6 loai (chiim 2,9%) cay lam canh, 1 loai (chiem 0,5%)) cay cho tinh diu. Cd 2 loai thuc vat eo gia tri bao tdn d thir hang Se nguy cap (VU) theo Sach Do Viet Nam (2007) la Ca na (Elaeocarpus hygrophilus) va Lua trdi (Oryza ruflpogon). Thuc vat ven sdng Vam Cd Tay dupe chia lam 6 nhdm dang sdng chinh, dd la; cay than thao cd 111 loai (ehilm 54,2%o tdng so loai), gd Idn ed 28 loai (ehilm 13,7%), gd nhd cd 16 loai (chiem 7,8%)), day leo ed 27 loai (ehilm 13,2%o), cay bui cd 21 loai (chiem 10,2%o) va ban ki sinh cd 2 loai (ehilm 1,0%)). Cd 11 kieu quan hgp thuc vat dugc ghi nhan a ven sdng Vam Cd Tay. Sir xam lin cua loai Mai duong (Mimosa pigra) cung nhu su phat tan nhanh ciia Luc binh (Eichhornia crassipes) dang co chieu hudng gia tang, gay tac hai din moi trudng sdng ciia khu he dpng thuc vat, lam thay ddi cac kilu tham va can trd viec di Iji cua ngudi dan.

TAI UpJ THAM KHAO 1. Bp Khoa hpc va Cong nghe, Vien Khoa hpc va Cdng nghe Viet Nam (2007), Sdch Dd Viet Nam, Phdn II. Thuc vdt. Nxb Khoa hpc tu nhien va Cdng nghe. Ha Noi. 2. V6 Van Chi (2012), Tir diin cay thude Viet Nam, tap (1, 2), Nxh Y hpc, Ha Noi. 3. Pham Hoang Hp (1999-2003), Cdy cd Viet Nam, tap (1, 2, 3), Nxb Tre, TP H6 Chi Minh. 4. Phan Nguyen Hdng (chii bien), Trin Van Ba, Vien Ngge-Nam, Hoang Thi San, Vu Trung Tang, Le Thj Tri, Nguyen Hoang Tri, Mai SI Tuin va LS Xuan Tuin (1999), Rimg ngap man Viet Nam. Nxb Nong nghiep. 5. Do Tat Lpi (2004), Nhimg cdy thude vd vi thude Viet Nam, Nxb Y hgc. Ha Noi. 6. Nguyin Nghia Thin (2007), Cdc phuang phdp nghien ciru thuc vdt, Nxb Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Noi. 7. Brummitt R. K. (1992), Vascular plant families and genera. Royal botanical garden, Kew.

66 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Le Bd Khoa vd tgk

PHV LUC

DANH LUC THl/C V^T VEN SONG VAM CO TAV, TINH LONG AN

STT TEN KHOA HOC TEN VIET NAM DANG CONG S6NG DUNG POPYPODIOPHYTA NGANH DU'ONG Blechnaceae Ho Rang la dira 1 Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. f.) Choai C T, OD Marsileaceae Ho Rau bo 2 Marsilea quadrifolia L. Rau bo C T, TP Parkeriaceae Ho Gat nai 3 Ceratopteris siliquosa (L.) Copel. Rang gat nai c TP Pteridaceae Ho Rang 4 Acrostichum aureum L. Rang dai c TP, GD Salviniaceae Ho Beo ong 5 Azolla caroliana Willd. Beo dau muc c 6 Salvinia cucullata Roxb. Beo tai ehudt c T Schizeaeeae Ho Bong bong 7 Lygodium flexuosum(L. ) Sw. Bong bong deo c T 8 Lygodium seandens (L.) Sw. Bong bong leo DL 9 Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Bong bong la nhd C Thelypteridaceae HoDdn 10 Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Rang chu quan gian C T MAGNOLIOPHYTA NGANH NGOC DICOTYLEDONAE LdP HAI LA Acanthaceae HoOro 11 Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl 0 ro trang GN T.TD 12 Avicennia alba L. Mam trang GL 13 Hemigraphis brunelloides (Lam.) Bantu C Amaranthaceae Ho Rau den 14 Achyranthes aspera L. Co xudt C T,TP 15 Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br, ex Rau deu C T 16 Amaranthus spinosus L. Den gai C T,TP 17 Amaranthiis viridis L. Den com C T, TP Anacardiaceae Ho Dao Ion hot 18 Gluta velutina Bi. Son nude GL Annonaceae HoNa 19 Annona glabra L. Binh bat nude GN T Apiaceae Ho Hoa tan 20 Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Rau ma C T,TP Apocynaceae Ho True dao 21 Allamanda catharlica L. Quynh anh DL T,LC

67 Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM SS 61 nam 2014

22 Cerbera odollam Gaertn. Mudp sat GN T Aquyfoliaceae Ho Bid 23 Ilex cymosa Bi. Bill tu tan GN GD Asclepiadaceae Ho Thien li 24 Sarcolobus globosus Wall. Day cam DL T 25 Tylophora tenuis BI. Dau dai manh DL T Asteraceae HoCiic 26 Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. Co hoi, cd cut ign C T 27 Centratherum punctatum Cass. Cue soi tim C 28 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Cd nhp ndi, ed muc C T 29 Enhydra fluctuansLour . Rau ngo C T,TP 30 Eupatorium odoratum L. Cdlao C T 31 Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. Rau cdc c T 32 Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Boxit c T,PX 33 Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. Bach dau dng c T 34 Wollastonia biflora (L.) DC. Son cue hai hoa c T Bignoniaceae Ho Quao 35 Dolichandrone spathacea (L.f.) Quao nude GL T Boraginaceae Ho Vdi voi 36 Heliotropium indieum L. Vdi voi C T Campanulaceae Ho Hoa chuong 37 Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. Xa bong C T,TP Capparaceae Ho Bach hoa 38 Crateva religiosa G.Forst. Bun GL T,TP. 39 Cleome chelidonii L.f. Man man tim C T Clusiaceae HoBu-a 40 Calophyllum inophyllum L. Miiu GL T Combretaceae Ho Chun biu 41 Combretum tetralophum C.B.Clarke Chun bau bon canh B T Convolvulaceae Ho Bim bim 42 Aniseia martinicensis ( Jacq.) Choisy Bim nude DL T 43 Bonamia semidigyna (Roxb.) Hallier Bdnam DL 44 Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Rau muong DL T, TP 45 Ipomoea cheirophylla O'Donell Bim tay DL T 46 Ipomoea maxima Don ex Sweet Bim nhd DL LC 47 Ipomoea violacea L. Bim DL 48 Merremia hederacea (Burm. f.) Bim vang DL T,TP 49 Merremia hirta (L.) Merr. Bim long C T 50 Merremia tuberrosa (L.) Rendle Bimcil DL T Cucurbitaceae Ho Bau bi 51 Gymnopetalum chinense (Lour.) Cirt qua C T,TP 52 Luffa cylindrica (L.) M.Roem. Mudp DL' T 53 Zanonia indica L. Thiet bat, Luc lac DL T 1

68 Tap ch KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Li Bd Khoa va tgk

Dipterocarpaceae Ho Dau 54 Hopea odorata Roxb. Sao den GL GD Elaeocarpaceae Ho Com 55 Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Kurz Cana GL T,TP 56 Elaeocarpus harmandii Pierre Com harmand GL Euphorbiaceae Ho Thau dau 57 Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaerta. Choi moi GL T,TP 58 Euphorbia hirta L. Cd sira la idn (Vu C T 59 Euphorbia thymifolia L. Cd siia la nho C T 60 Exeoecaria indica (Willd.) Trao trao GL GD 61 Glochidion littorale Blume Bgt ech bien B T 62 Phyllanthus amarus Schumaeh. & Diep ha chau dang C T 63 Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. Phen den B T 64 Phyllanthus urinaria L. Chdde C T Fabaceae Ho Dau 65 Acacia auriculiformis Benth. Keo bong vang GL T 66 Caesalpinia crista L. Diep xoan GN T 67 Canavalia cathartica Thouars Dau cd bien DL LC 68 Centrosema pubescens Benth. Dau budm DL LC 69 Clitoria mariana L. Dau biee hoa tim C T 70 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Nim, day lim GL T, GD 71 Derris trifoliata Lour. Cdc ken nude DL T 72 Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) Kuntze Go nude GL T, GD 73 Leucaena leueocephala (Lam.) de Keo giau, bo chet C T 74 Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb. Dau dieu C 75 Mimosa invisa Colla Trinh nii moc C 76 Mimosa pigra L. Mai duong C 77 Mimosa pudica L. Trinh nii C T 78 Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC. Mat meo DL T 79 Neptunia oleracea Lour. Rau nhut C R 80 Senna alata (L.) Roxb. Muong trau B T 81 Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Muong tay B T 82 Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. Dien dien hoa vang B T 83 Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. Dien dien B T, TP 84 Vigna adenantha (G.Mey.) Marechal Dau hoa tuyen DL LC Flacourtiaceae HQ Miing qu^n 85 Homalium tomentosum Benth. Cha ran long day GL Lamiaceae Ho Hting 86 Hyptis rhomboidea M.Martens & E idn dau C T 87 Ocimum basilicum L. Hung que B T Lauraceae Ho Long nao 88 Cassytha filiformis L. Toxanh BKS T Lecythidaceae Hg Chile Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM So 61 nam 2014

89 Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Lpc vimg GL T 90 Barringtonia conoidea Griff. Chiec chiiy GN LC 91 Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. Chiec chiim GL T Lentibulariaceae HQ Nht can 92 Utricularia aurea Lour. Nhi can vang C Loranthaceae HQ Tam giri 93 Dendrophtoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Mocki BKS Lyfhraceae Hg Bing ling 94 Ammannia baccifera L. Mill chd nhieu trai C T 95 Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. Bing lang nude GL T 96 Rotala hexandra Wall, ex Koehne Luan thao C 97 Sonneratia casaeolaris (L.) Engl. Ban chua GL T,TP Malvaceae Hg Bdng • 98 Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Bup vang C T 99 Hibiscus tilliaceus L. Tra lam chieu GL GD 100 Urena lobata L. Ke hoa dao B T Melastomaceae HgMua 101 Melastoma affine D.Don Muoi da hiing B 102 Melastoma imbrieatum Wall, ex Mudi dng GN Meliaceae Hg Xoan 103 Aglaia cucullata (Roxb.) Pellegr. Dai ngua nude GN T Menispermaceae Hg DSy moi 104 Cocculus orbiculatus (L.) DC. Day xanh, moc DL T 105 Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Day sam long DL T 106 Tiliacora racemosa Colebr. Day suong sam DL T 107 Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Day dau xuong DL T Molluginaceae Hg Co binh cu 108 Mollugo pentaphylla L. Cd Binh cu C T Moraceae Hg Dau tam 109 Ficus benjamina L. Xanh, Si GL T 110 Ficus heterophylla L.f. Viibd C T Hi Ficus hirta Vahl Ngaikhi GN 112 Ficus microearpa L.f Gira GL T 113 Ficus religiosa L. Bode GL T 114 Ficus superba Miq. Sop GL TP, LC Myristicaceae Ho Nhuc dau khau 115 Horsfieldia irya (Gaertn.) Warb. Xang mau GN Myrtaeeae HgSim 116 Melaleuca ca/uputl Powel. Tram GL T, 117 Syzygium cinereum (Kurz) Tram se GL TP, 118 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Tram simg GL T, 119 Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston Li GN • T, 120 Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Man hoa trang GN T

70 Tap chi KHOA HQC OHSP TPHCM Li Bd Khoa va tgk

Onagraceae Ho Rau mirffng 121 Ludwigia adscendens (L.) H.Hara Rau dira nude C T 122 Ludwigia oetovalvis (Jacq.) Rau muong dung C T 123 Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G.Don) Exell Rau muong thon C T Passifloraceae Ho Nhan long 124 Passiflora foetida L. Nhan long DL T,TP Piperaceae Hg Ho tieu 125 Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth. Cang eua C T, TP Polygonaceae Ho Rau ram 126 Polygonum barbatum L. Nghe trang, nghe rau C T 127 Polygonum tomentosum Willd. Nghe C T Portulacaceae Ho Sam 128 Portulaea oleracea L. Rau sam C T Primulaceae Ho Anh thao 129 Ardisia humilis Vahl Com ngudi GN T Rhizophoraceae Ho Dirdc 130 Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. Vet den GL 131 Rhizophora apiculata Blume Dude doi GL T,GD Rubiaceae Ho Ca phe 132 Cephalanthus tetrandra (Roxb.) Gao nude GN 133 Gardenia Jasminoides J Ellis Danh danh B T 134 Morinda citrifolia L. Nhau GN T,TP 135 Morinda persicifolia Buch.-Ham. Nhau nude B T 136 Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. Bach hoa xa thiet C T 137 Paederia consimilis Pierre ex Pit. Mo long C LC 138 Paederia foetida L. Thui dich DL T 139 Uncaria acida (Hunter) Roxb. Vuot chua DL T Rutaceae Ho Cam 140 Euodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr. Ba chae B T Scrophulariaceae Ho Hoa mom cho 141 Artanema longifolium (L.) Vatke Vimg dat C T 142 Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. Rau dang bien C T,TP 143 Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alst. Man dat C T 144 Lindernia Crustacea (L.) F. Muell. Lit dang can C T 145 Lindernia viscosa (Homem.) Merr. Lit dang trin C 146 Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr. Om C 147 Scoparia dulcis L. Cam thao nam C T 148 Torenia polygonoides Benth. Td hen ray C T Solanaceae HoCa 149 Physalis angulata L. Thil lii canh c T Verbenaceae Ho Co roi ngira 150 Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Graertn. Vang hdi B T 151 Gmelina asiatica L. |Tuhi i B T

71 Tap chi KHOA HQC DHSP TPHCM S3 61 nam 2014

152 Premna serratifolia L. Cach GN T Vitaceae HgNho 153 Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin Day vac DL T MONOCOTYLEDONAE LCKP MOT LA Alismataceae Hg Trach ta 154 Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Rau mac C T,TP Amaryllidaceae Hg Loa ken do 155 Crinum asiatieum L. Chudi nude B T Araceae Ho Ray 156 Aglaodorum griffithii (Schott) Schott Mdi dam C T,TP 157 Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott Mdn nude C T,TP 158 Lasia spinosa (L.) Thw. Choc gai C T 159 Pistia stratiotes L. Beo cai C T,PX Arecaceae Ho Cau dira 160 Caryota mitis Lour. Dung dinh B LC 161 Nypa fruticans Wurmb Dira nude B TP,GD Commelinaceae Hg Thai lai 162 Commelina communis L. Trai thudng C 163 Commelina diffusa Burm.f. Thai lai trang C T 164 Commelina longlfolia Lam. Trai la dai c Cyperaceae HoC6i 165 Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. U du than ngan c 166 Cyperus compactus Retz. Lac ba dao c 167 Cyperus elatus L. Udu c 168 Cyperus malaccensis Lam. Lac nude c T 169 Cyperus pilosus Vahl Cdi bong c 170 Cyperus platystilis R. Br. Lac vol dep c 171 Cyperus pulcherrimus Willd.ex Lac d?p c 172 Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f) Trin. ex Nang ngot c 173 Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl Cd chae c 174 Fuirena umbellata Rottb. Cd dang tan c 175 Lepironia articulata (Retz.) Domin Cdbang c 176 Scirpus mucronatus L. Hoang thao mGi c 177 Scleria eiliaris Nees Cutmg ria c 178 Scleria poiformis Retz. Dung c GD Dioscoreaceae Ho Cu nSu 179 Dioseorea glabra Roxb. Khoai rang c T,TP Flagellariaceae Ho May nirdc 180 Flagellaria indica L. May nude DL T,GD Heliconiaceae Ho Chuoi phao 181 Heliconia psittaeorum L.f Mdket C LC Lemnaceae Ho Beo cam 182 Lemna minor L. Beo cam nhd C

72 Tap chi KHOA HQC DHSP TPHCM Le Bd Khoa va tgk

Limnocharitaceae Ho Ne thao 183 Limnocharis flava (L.) Buehenau Keo neo C TP Marantaceae Hg Dong 184 Schumannianthus dichotomus Liin nude B GD Pandanaceae Ho Dira 185 Pandanus kaida Kurz Dua gai B T, GD Fhilydraceae Hg Co dudi Ivon 186 Philydriim lanugtnosum Banks & Diia bep C T Poaceae Hg Hda thao 187 Bambusa blumeana SehuU.f Tre gai B 188 Brachlarla mutica (Forssk.) Stapf Cd long C 189 Coix aquatica Roxb. Conga C 190 Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Cdchi C T 191 Echinoehloa colona (L.) Link Cd long vuc can C 192 Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. Cd long vuc C T 193 Hemarthria longiflora (Hook.f) Cd bap, cd ban tiet C 194 Hygroryza aristata (Retz.) Nees ex Cd chan vit C T Wight & Am. 195 Hymenaehne amplexleaulis (Rudge) Cd mom mo C 196 Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees Cd dudi phung c T 197 Oryza ruflpogon Griff Luatrtri c TP 198 Panicum repens L. Cddng c T 199 Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Say c Steud.. 200 Saccharum arundinaceum Retz. Lau, Cd may c T Pontederiaceae Ho Luc binh 201 Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms Luc binh c T 202 Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms Rau mac thon c 203 Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f) Rau mac bao c T Xyridaceae Hg Hoang dau 204 Xyris indica L. Hoang dau an c Zingiberaceae HgGihig 205 Catimbium latilabre (Ridl) Holtt. Re B TP.GD

Ghi chii: DaDg song; C: Co B: Bui GL: G6 Ion GN: Go nho DL: Day leo Cdng dung: BK: Ban ki sinh GD: Gia dung T: Thulc LC: Canh CC:Chocui TP: Thirc phim PX: Phan xanh TD: Tinh diu

(Ngiy Tda so^n nh$n duac bii: 14-7-2014: ngay phdn bi0n dinh gid. 04-B-2014: ngiy chip nh$n iSng: 20-8-2014)