The International Academy of Astronautics at the forefront of small satellite activities • 1st IAA Latin A

2nd IAA Latin America Small Dr. Rainer Sandau Satellites Symposium: Director IAA Advanced Technologies and & Distributed Systems Dr. Jean-Michel Contant Buenos Aires, Argentina Secretary General IAA Nov 11-16, 2019 The International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) Founded in Stockholm August 16, 1960 Theodore von Karman First IAA President and Frank J. Malina Second IAA President, GALCIT project before historic JATO flights in 1941 (JPL). 1955 von Karman at Princeton

1963: JF Kennedy presenting the first National Medal of Science to von Karman

1955 von Karman in a group with Pope Pius XII after receiving appointment to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences IAA an independent international community of 1200 active leading experts (1700 from 89 nations) recognized by the UN in 1996.

membership access based on highly competitive election Aims of IAA

• Foster the development of astronautics for peaceful purposes; • Recognize individuals who have distinguished themselves in space science or technology; • Provide a program through which members may contribute to international endeavors; • Promote international cooperation in the advancement of aerospace science. IAA leadership through high ranking Board of Trustees (11 Heads/former Heads of Space Agencies) Six commissions covering all aspects of space activities,

Offers the missing fora where the best experts in all domains can meet, know each other and exchange their opinions. IAA Board of Trustees 2019-2021 (Election currently in process) President • Dr. Peter Jankowitsch, Austria Vice-Presidents • Prof. Anatoly Perminov, Russia • Prof. Marius-Ioan Piso, Romania • Dr. John Schumacher, USA • Dr. C. Kourtidou-Papadeli, Greece Secretary General • Dr. Jean-Michel Contant, France Regional Secretaries

The International Academy of Astronautics has currently more than 30 Regional Secretaries covering America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Middle East and Australia. IAA: to recognize individuals April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin IAA Honorary Member First Man in Space

Yelena Gagarina Kremlin 2011 First US satellite, Explorer 1: radiation belt theorized by James Van Allen, one of the outstanding discoveries of the International Geophysical Year.

Starting from left side: IAA Academicians William Pickering, James Van Allen, Wernher von Braun 16 June 1963 March 1965 Valentina Tereshkova Alexei Leonov IAA Honorary Member IAA member On board Vostok 6 First Space Walk First Women Cosmonaut

2009 in Moscow Valentina Tereshkova Moscow April 2011

Kremlin April 2011 Apollo 11, July 16-24, 1969, Neil Armstrong (†), IAA Member, commander, Buzz Aldrin, IAA Member, (right) lunar module pilot. Buzz Aldrin on July 20, 1969, completed a 2-hour and 15 minute lunar EVA

Buzz Aldrin Washington DC, Oct 2019 Moscow April 2011 World Record

The Soviet program was focusing on manned flight long duration experiment as exemplified by Mir crew member Valeri Polyakov, IAA member: 240 days in 1988 and unbroken record 437 days 17 hours and 58 minutes Soyuz TM-18 / Soyuz TM-20 January 8, 1994 to March 22, 1995 Some Famous IAA Academician Names Andrew Haley, Founding Member IAA Legal Counsel Valentin Glushko

Von Braun 3rd IAA Meeting 1965, Athens,

Eugen Sänger & Irene Sänger-Bredt Some Famous IAA Academician Names Leonid Ivanovitch Sedov Valentin Glushko LuigiNapolitano Gerard Kuiper Antony Oppenheim Tikhonravov Harry Guggenheim Hugh L Dryden Roald Sagdeev Maxime Faget Carl Sagan John Glenn von Euler Lozino-Lozinsky Chelomey Vladimir Barmin M. V. Keldysh J. A. Van Allen, V. Kotelnikov Guggenheim Award Guggenheim Award 1962 1965 Some Pioneers IAA Academician

Thomas Stafford, IAA Member 2019 Gemini 6 & 9, Apollo 10, Apollo-Soyuz IAA Von Karman Award 2019 to Charles Elachi 70 studies published 45 studies in preparation

https://shop.iaaweb.org 15 to 20 IAA Stand Alone Conferences Yearly Beijing Bangalore

Fukuoka Moscou Historic Heads Space Agencies Summits IAA Planetary Defense Conference 2009 Granada, 2011 Bucharest, Romania 2013. Flagstaff, USA 2015 Frascati, Italy 2017 Tokyo, Japan

Granada 2009 IAA Conferences on Impact of Space Technology Innovation on Economic Development, Shanghai, China

2001, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017 IAA Symposium on Realistic Advanced Scientific Space Missions, Italy

1996 Turin, 1998 Aosta, 2000 Aosta, 2005 Aosta, 2007 Aosta, 2009 Aosta, 2011 Aosta, 2013 Turin, 2015 Turin, 2017 Turin 21 IAA Human in Space Symposia since 1962 Life science in all continents 22nd HIS in Dubai, UAE, Nov 2019 1962 Paris 1965 Paris 1968 Geneva 1971 Yerevan 1973 Washington 1980 Bonn 1987 Houston 1989 Tashkent 1991 Cologne 1993 Tokyo 1995 Toulouse 1997 Washington 2000 Santorini 2003 Banff 2005 Graz 2007 Beijing 2009 Moscow 2011 Houston 2013 Cologne 2015 Prague 2017 Shenzhen

2019 Dubai IAA pioneered new concepts such as Return to the Moon Mars Exploration Space Debris Small Satellites Low Cost Planetary Missions Planetary Defense Space Situational Awareness ..

IAA is at the forefront of space research imagination and dreams Publications: Acta Astronautica

SEA LAUNCH

#4000 pages a year. Impact Factor 1.536 Covers space science, compared to 0.609 in 2010 th engineering, life science Ranking 7 in the world and social science among 31 journals IAA Dictionaries https://shop.iaaweb.org IAA Editor House 4 Book Series

Small Satellites Concept (Bordeaux 1985) In reaction to the large science programs Introduce concept of - 2 to 4 years of development - Non expensive budgets

Inexpensive Scientific Satellite Missions:

-must fill the gaps between the major programs of the great space agencies, - be developed with short lead-times, -rules of management and technical implementation differ considerably from those applied in the major programs. Small Satellites Concept (Bordeaux 1985)

Advantages:

- Higher flight frequencies and shorter times in implementing new technological developments - Ideally lead-times should correspond with educational cycle of space science - For many countries, no other than "inexpensive" satellites conceivable for budgetary constraints. - Commonality between programs of such nations and those which have the possibility of sending man into space and explore planets.

Optical Small Satellites

Spatial Resolution Spectral Resolution Temporal Resolution

Increasing Increasing Unique opportunity for affordable Constellation Example: Eros-B/PIC-2 Example: Proba/CHRIS Launch 25.04.2006 Lauch 22.10.2001 Examples: DMC (2003…) Mass 290 kg Mass 95 kg RapidEye GSD 0.70 m Hyperspectral Imager

Seminar: CONAE, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 8.4.2014> Rainer Sandau > 36 - DMC -Topolev Cartwheel -No system by now - Rapid Eye -A-Train - StarLink, SpaceX 12.000+30.000 Local to regional Regional to global, Local to global Rel. Pos. ctrl No rel. Pos. ctrl No rel. pos. ctrl.

Temporary DSS: Docking Systems, e.g. ATV for ISS, AAReST

Seminar: CONAE, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 8.4.2014> Rainer Sandau > 37 Consequences:

Space Mission

Ground Segment Launch Segment Space Segment

S/C monitoring & control Small & micro launchers S/C bus P/L data reception & archives Piggy back P/L P/L data products & distribution Conversion of mil rockets New privat & seed capital Space tourism Japan: SpaceSpike-1/-2, Open systems mLambda, ALSET: 10…300kg to LEO Regulatory Issues USA: Human & commercial flight Automation •Registration “Internet” Technology •Frequency allocation Increasing on-board autonomy •Space traffic management incl. Multi-session operations Avoidance of unneccesary space debris Ground station networks e.g. VLEO for tech & ed sats Low Cost Planetary Missions symposia

1993 Laurels USA 1996 Laurels, USA 1998 Pasadena USA 2000 Laurels, USA 2003 Netherlands 2005 Japan 2007 Pasadena USA 2009 India 2011 Laurels, USA 2013 Pasadena USA 2015 Germany 2017 Pasadena USA 2019 France IAA Symposium on Small Satellites For Earth Observation Berlin 1996, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019 IAA and Small Satellites at IAC IAA SYMPOSIUM ON SMALL SATELLITE MISSIONS UN/IAA WORKSHOP ON SMALL SATELLITE AT THE SERVICE OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

1997 Turin, Italy 2010 Prague 1998 Melbourne, Australia 2011 Cape Town 1999 Amsterdam, The Neth 2012 Naples 2000 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2013 Beijing 2001 Toulouse, France 2014 Toronto 2002 Houston, USA 2015 Jerusalem 2003 Bremen, Germany 2016 Guadalajara 2004 Vancouver, Canada 2017 Adelaide 2005 Fukuoka, Japan 2018 Bremen 2006 Valencia, Spain 2019 Washington DC 2007 Hyderabad, India 2020 Dubai 2008 Glasgow, UK 2021 Paris 2009 Daejon, Korea 2022 Bakou Conference on University Satellite Mission Rome 2013, 2015, 2017 Brazil 2014, 2016 Argentina 2017 Mongolia 2017 New Sustainable Development Program

Small Satellites an opportunity • To do more with less. • To meet local and global needs. • To focus infrastructure development of a country • High education for science, technology and management • Greater involvement of local and small industry, New Sustainable Development Program of IAA

Small Satellites an opportunity variety of missions and diversification of users • expansion of technical/scientific knowledge base, • Independence in space • Earth Observation /defence capability, without relying on inputs from the major space-faring nations), IAA in Africa: Conferences in Nigeria since 2007 in Tunisia, Cameroon, Morocco, Kenya, South Africa 3 Cosmic Studies since 1993 Actual 8 Study Groups active Further strategy will be elaborated with YOU Thank you [email protected]

Photo Credit IAA, NASA, D. Prunariu, Tom Tschida, Carla Thomas, ESA, S. Corvaja, UCLA, JPL, CNES, Roscosmos, Malina, Cherne, Contant, Vernikos, Hinghofer- Szalkay, J Tiziou/Sygma, CBS News, AIA, Jaxa, CALT, Peenemunde Museum, Beijing Tianjin Museum,