NOTATIONS and TERMS/TERMINOLOGY Absolute Dating: Absolute Dating Provides Specific Dates Or Range of Dates Expressed in Years
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The Interaction Between the Missionaries of the Cape
THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MISSIONARIES OF THE CAPE EASTERN FRONTIER AND THE COLONIAL AUTHORITIES IN THE ERA OF SIR GEORGE GREY, 1854 - 1861. Constance Gail Weldon Pietermaritzburg, December 1984* Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Historical Studies, University of Natal, 1984. CONTENTS Page Abstract i List of Abbreviations vi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Sir George Grey and his ’civili zing mission’ 16 Chapter 3 The missionaries and Grey 1854-6 55 Chapter 4 The Cattle Killing 1856/7 99 Chanter 5 The Aftermath of the Cattle Killing (till 1860s) 137 Chapter 6 Conclusion 174 Appendix A Principal mission stations on the frontier 227 Appendix B Wesleyan Methodist and Church of Scotland Missionaries 228 Appendix C List of magistrates and chiefs 229 Appendix D Biographical Notes 230 Select Bibliography 233 List of photographs and maps Between pages 1. Sir George Grey - Governor 15/16 2. Map showing Cape eastern frontier and principal military posts 32/33 3. Map showing the principal frontier mission stations 54/55 4. Photographs showing Lovedale trade departments 78/79 5. Map showing British Kaffraria and principal chiefs 98/99 6. Sir George Grey - 'Romantic Imperialist' 143/144 7. Sir George Grey - civilian 225/226 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge with thanks the financial assistance rendered by the Human Sciences Research Council towards the costs of this research. Opinions expressed or conclusions arrived at are those of the author and are not to be regarded as those of the Human Sciences Research Council. -
CTS19 039 ACRM Lagaju
HERITAGE SCREENER CTS Reference CTS19_039 Number: Client: ACRM Date: May 2019 Title: Mining permit application for Tyolomnqa (Keiskamma), Farm 1163, Eastern Cape Figure 1a. Satellite map indicating the location of the proposed development in the Eastern Cape Province RECOMMENDATION: Further heritage assessment work is required Recommendation by Due to the location and nature of the proposed development, it is likely that significant archaeological resources will be impacted by the CTS Heritage proposed mine and as such, it is recommended that an archaeological field assessment is conducted. In addition, it is likely that significant Specialists palaeontological resources may be impacted during mining activities and as such, it is recommended that the attached Chance Fossil Finds Procedure be implemented throughout the life of the mine. This requirement must form part of the EMP for the project. CTS Heritage 16 Edison Way, Century City, 7441 Tel: +27 (0)87 073 5739 Email: [email protected] Web: www.ctsheritage.com 1. Proposed Development Summary The required Mining Permit application is in terms of the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) of 107 (1998) and the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA) No. 28 of 20042 (MPRDA, amended in 2013) for the Environmental Authorisation and Mining Permit for the intended mining activity on Tyolomnqa (Keiskamma) farm 1163, situated in the Magisterial district of East London in the Eastern Cape province. The sand minerals will be mined using front-end loaders to excavate the sands. The excavated sand will be transferred to a hopper and conveyed into a 100tph head feed modular plant (Primary Concentrator Plant - PCP) to produce Heavy Mineral Concentrate (HMC). -
Heritage Impact Assessment of Ndlambe and Makana Borrow Pits, Greater Cacadu Region, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF NDLAMBE AND MAKANA BORROW PITS, GREATER CACADU REGION, EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA Assessment and report by For Terreco Consulting Telephone Duncan Scott (043) 721 1502 Box 20057 Ashburton 3213 PIETERMARITZBURG South Africa Telephone 033 326 1136 Facsimile 086 672 8557 082 655 9077 / 072 725 1763 26 September 2008 [email protected] HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF NDLAMBE AND MAKANA BORROW PITS, EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE Management summary eThembeni Cultural Heritage was appointed by Terreco Consulting to undertake a heritage impact assessment of proposed borrow pit extensions and rehabilitation in the Greater Cacadu Region, in terms of the Heritage Resources Act No 25 of 1999. Two eThembeni staff members inspected the borrow pits on 8 and 9 September 2008 and completed controlled-exclusive surface surveys of each. We identified no heritage resources within any of the proposed development areas. The landscape within which the borrow pits are located is one of extensive agriculture and conservation, dominated overwhelmingly by game and hunting farms. Scattered villages, towns and farmsteads are present and infrastructure is generally basic and limited to services that provide for local needs. All the borrow pits will be rehabilitated according to the standards of the Department of Minerals and Energy, to ensure that visual impacts on the landscape are minimized in the long term. We recommend that the development proceed with no further heritage mitigation and have submitted this report to the South African Heritage Resources Agency in fulfilment of the requirements of the Heritage Resources Act 1999. The relevant SAHRA personnel are Dr Antonieta Jerardino (telephone 021 462 4502) and Mr Thanduxolo Lungile (telephone 043 722 1740/2/6). -
Ethembeni Cultural Heritage
Phase 1 Archaeological Impact Assessment Report: Proposed 132kV Power Line and Substation Infrastructure, Dieprivier-Kareedouw, Kou-Kamma Local Municipality, Cacadu District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa Prepared for GIBB Engineering & Science 2nd Floor, Greyville House, Cnr Greyville & Cape Roads, Greenacres, Port Elizabeth 6001 Box 63703, Greenacres 6057 Telephone Walter Fyvie 041 392 7510 Fax 086 608 2522 [email protected] Prepared by ETHEMBENI CULTURAL HERITAGE Elizabeth Wahl and Len van Schalkwyk Box 20057 Ashburton 3213 Pietermaritzburg Telephone 033 326 1136 / 082 655 9077 / 082 529 3656 Facsimile 086 672 8557 [email protected] 8 May 2013 Phase 1 AIA of Dieprivier-Kareedouw 132kV Power Line and Substation, Cacadu District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa MANAGEMENT SUMMARY eThembeni Cultural Heritage was appointed by GIBB Engineering & Science to undertake a Phase 1 Archaeological Impact Assessment of a proposed transmission power line and substation site in the Eastern Cape Province, in terms of the National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 as amended, in compliance with Section 38 of the National Heritage Resources Act 25 of 1999, as amended. LOCATION AND ENVIRONMENT Much of the proposed power line is located along or close to the Langkloof and R62 Scenic Routes, roughly parallel to and south of the Suuranysberge and the Krom River. It starts at the proposed Dieprivier Substation west of Humansdorp, passes north of the Churchill Dam and the town of Kareedouw, with the eponymous mountains to the south, before terminating at the existing Kareedouw Substation. Historical agriculture related land-uses have resulted in degradation of portions of the route, most notably as a result of crop and pasture cultivation in flat lower lying areas, and to some extent from regular burning of grazing areas on mountain and hill slopes. -
Profile: Buffalo City
2 PROFILE: BUFFALO CITY PROFILE: BUFFALO CITY 3 CONTENT 1. Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………….3 2. Introduction: Brief Overview ............................................................................. 6 2.1 Location ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Historical Pesperctive ................................................................................................................ 6 2.3 Spatial Status ............................................................................................................................. 7 3. Social Development Profile ............................................................................... 8 3.1 Key Social Demographics ........................................................................................ 8 3.1.1 Population ............................................................................................................. 8 3.1.2 Race, Gender and Age ........................................................................................ 10 3.1.3 Households ......................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Health Profile .......................................................................................................... 11 3.3 COVID-19 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.4 Poverty Dimensions .............................................................................................. -
Explore the Eastern Cape Province
Cultural Guiding - Explore The Eastern Cape Province Former President Nelson Mandela, who was born and raised in the Transkei, once said: "After having travelled to many distant places, I still find the Eastern Cape to be a region full of rich, unused potential." 2 – WildlifeCampus Cultural Guiding Course – Eastern Cape Module # 1 - Province Overview Component # 1 - Eastern Cape Province Overview Module # 2 - Cultural Overview Component # 1 - Eastern Cape Cultural Overview Module # 3 - Historical Overview Component # 1 - Eastern Cape Historical Overview Module # 4 - Wildlife and Nature Conservation Overview Component # 1 - Eastern Cape Wildlife and Nature Conservation Overview Module # 5 - Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole Component # 1 - Explore the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole Module # 6 - Sarah Baartman District Municipality Component # 1 - Explore the Sarah Baartman District (Part 1) Component # 2 - Explore the Sarah Baartman District (Part 2) Component # 3 - Explore the Sarah Baartman District (Part 3) Component # 4 - Explore the Sarah Baartman District (Part 4) Module # 7 - Chris Hani District Municipality Component # 1 - Explore the Chris Hani District Module # 8 - Joe Gqabi District Municipality Component # 1 - Explore the Joe Gqabi District Module # 9 - Alfred Nzo District Municipality Component # 1 - Explore the Alfred Nzo District Module # 10 - OR Tambo District Municipality Component # 1 - Explore the OR Tambo District Eastern Cape Province Overview This course material is the copyrighted intellectual property of WildlifeCampus. -
History of Matiwane and the Amangwane Tribe
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA DEPARTMENT OF NATIVE AFFAIRS ETHNOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS Vol. VII HISTORY OF MATIWANE AND THE AMANGWANE TRIBE 1 as told by Mse6enzi to his kinsman Albert Hlongwane Edited and supplemented by Archive Documents and other material BY , ! . ■ N. J. VAN WARMELO GOVERNMENT ETHNOLOGIST O IN THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA BY THE GOVERNMENT PRINTER, PRETORIA 1938 O.P.-S.7007—1938-sOU. ' ■\* . PLATE 1 frontispiece Mse Cenzi uwjo kaMacingwane kaMatmane UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA DEPARTMENT OF NATIVE AFFAIRS ETHNOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS Vol. VII HISTORY OF MATIWANE AND THE AMANGWANE TRIBE as told by Mse6enzi to his kinsman Albert Hlongwane Edited and supplemented by Archive Documents and other material BY N. j. VAN WARMELO GOVERNMENT ETHNOLOGIST 7/6 PRINTED IN THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA BY THE GOVERNMENT PRINTER, PRETORIA 1938 G.P.-S.7007—1938—800 Obtainable from the Government Printer, Pretoria. Vol. I of this series : Transvaal Ndebele Texts, 1930. Vol. II. : Kinship Terminology of the South African Bantu, 1931. Vol. III. : Contributions towards Venda History, Religion and Tribal Ritual, 1932. Vol. IV. : Marriage Customs in Southern Natal, by Dr. M. Kohler, 1933. Vol. V. : A Preliminary Survey of the Bantu Tribes of South Africa, 1935. Vol. VI. : Tshivenda-English Dictionary, 1937. ;V-B'BUOTEEK Ji'N ** UHIVERSITEIT V " METORIA. Klasnommer.?^ MseLBEry-zi i Registernommer- JLQk, 0 CONTENTS Page. Chapter 1. The amaNgwane and how this history came to be written .. .. 5 2. Text: Earliest history to izi Bongo of Masumpa 10 3. ,, History of Matiwane up to his flight from Natal 16 4. ,, Matiwane in Basutoland 24 5. -
Land Reform in the Xhalanga District, Eastern Cape
Land reform in the Xhalanga district, Eastern Cape (A case study appended to the report on land redistribution) A research report commissioned by the High Level Panel of Parliament Prof Lungisile Ntsebeza and Dr Fani Ncapayi 9/1/2016 Introduction We begin our report by laying the historical and contextual background of land reform in the Xhalanga district. The period covered starts with the establishment of the Xhalanga district and its people in the nineteenth century up to the demise of apartheid and the introduction of a constitutional democracy in South Africa in 1994. The key focus throughout is land tenure. The second section deals with the post-1994 period and the manner in which land reform was introduced and the extent to which it has been implemented in Xhalanga. About Xhalanga and its people up to the beginning of the Gun War in 1880 Xhalanga was one of two districts that formed what became known as Emigrant Thembuland in the Transkei part of the then Cape colony. The other district was 1 Southeyville. The term “Emigrant Thembuland’ was used to describe the area of land that as allocated to four chiefs who left Glen Grey in 1865 (see map). Figure 1 Map of the Glen Grey area The people who moved from Glen Grey in 1865 were descendants of abaThembu who moved northwards in the 1830s as a result of the Tshaka-led Mfecanei in the 1820s and subsequent wars with amaBhaca and amaMpondo.ii Prior to this, abaThembu had occupied the piece of land between the Bashee and Umzimvubu Rivers.iii The Cape colonial government eventually settled abaThembu who moved northwards in the Glen Grey and Indwe districts. -
The Current Status of Land Rights in the Transkeian Territories of South Africa
The Current Status of Land Rights in the Transkeian Territories of South Africa Chris WILLIAMS-WYNN, South Africa Key words: Communal land, tenure security, de facto land rights, land administration. SUMMARY There is very little formal documented record of land occupation or land rights in the communal areas of the Republic of South Africa. As a result, members of traditional communities who live in the communal areas create their own informal, yet recognisable, exclusivity and right of use through the erection of fences and hedges around their homesteads. Previous research undertaken by this author concluded that the majority of members of traditional communities in South Africa want documented proof that links them (as individuals) to the land that they were born to share. Some attempts were made historically to give rights to land in areas that were part of what was then known as the Transkeian Territories. General plans of quitrent erven were surveyed by government surveyors and approved by the Surveyor-General and formal quitrent title deeds were registered in the Deeds Registry Offices. However, as the years progressed, government officials resettled many of the holders of quitrent titles into villages. Others moved off their land to find employment. “Permissions to occupy” were issued to new occupants by a resident magistrate and traditional authorities allocated sites to their subjects. Without any consideration of these documented land rights, the state forcibly removed people from outside the communal area and relocated them on the communal land. The state also constructed schools, hospitals, dams, nature reserves and roads, often without consideration of the documented records of the indigenous people. -
Contested Grounds : the Transformation of the American Upper Ohio Valley and the South African Eastern Cape, 1770-1850
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-2005 Contested grounds : the transformation of the American Upper Ohio Valley and the South African Eastern Cape, 1770-1850/ Christoph, Strobel University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Strobel, Christoph,, "Contested grounds : the transformation of the American Upper Ohio Valley and the South African Eastern Cape, 1770-1850/" (2005). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 862. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/862 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONTESTED GROUNDS: THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE AMERICAN UPPER OHIO VALLEY AND THE SOUTH AFRICAN EASTERN CAPE, 1770-1850 A Dissertation Presented by CHRISTOPH STROBEL Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2005 Department of History © Copyright by Christoph Strobel 2005 All Rights Reserved CONTESTED GROUNDS THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE AMERICAN UPPER OHIO VALLEY AND THE SOUTH AFRICAN EASTERN CAPE, 1770-1850 A Dissertation Presented By CHRISTOPH STROBEL Approved as to style and content by Neal Salisbury, Chair c HigginsoivCo-Chair Alice Nash, Member Joye Bowman, Member feter d'Errico, Member Audrey AltstadyDepartment Chair Department of History DEDICATION To Kristin ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My acknowledgements do not do justice to the many debts I have incurred while working on this project. -
Enfranchised Africans and Disfranchising Legislations: an Analysis of the Educated Landowners of Queenstown As an African Middle Class, C.1872-1909
Enfranchised Africans and disfranchising legislations: An analysis of the educated landowners of Queenstown as an African middle class, c.1872-1909. by Beaurel Visser Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof. Johan Fourie Co-supervisor: Dr Anton Ehlers March 2021 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. March 2021 Copyright © 2021 University of Stellenbosch All rights reserved Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Summary The right to vote in public political elections for parliamentary representatives in the Cape Colony was determined by various legislations reflected through the Cape franchise. For 34 years, Africans had the right to vote for parliamentary representatives in the Cape Colony under the Constitution Ordinance of 1853 with no barriers of racial discrimination. Under Responsible Government (1872-1909), franchise requirement became more stringent with the aim of excluding Africans from being able to vote given that they had started to register more frequently. The battle of an emerging African middle class against economic and political forces is explored through the analysis of the implementation of stringent disfranchising legislations implemented in 1887, 1892 and 1894. -
Producing Sarhili: the Colonial Archive and the Biographical Limits of Writing a History of a Nineteenth Century Xhosa King
Producing Sarhili: the colonial archive and the biographical limits of writing a history of a nineteenth century Xhosa king. Candidate: Virgil Charles Slade A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Artium in the Department of History, University of the Western Cape. Date Submitted: 30 August 2009 Plagiarism Declaration I, the undersigned, declare that ……….. is my own work, that it has not submitted for any degree or examination at any other university, and that all the sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by complete references. Date Virgil Charles Slade ii Contents Plagiarism Declaration……………………………………………………....ii Contents…………………………………………………………………….iii Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………iv Photographs………………………………………………………………..viii Introduction – The Last King of the amaXhosa……………………..1 Chapter One – How a Wanderer Became a King…………………..18 Chapter Two - War and Power……………………………………..37 Chapter Three- The Suicide of the amaXhosa………………………55 Chapter Four- The Politics of the Margin………………………….74 Chapter Five- The Beginning of the End…………………………115 Chapter Six- Re-Presenting Sarhili………………………………149 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………182 Selected Bibliography……………………………………………………..188 iii Acknowledgement Like the subject of this dissertation, I often found myself trapped in very unexpected ways and there is no way that I would have emerged from this project with any degree of success if it were not for the contributions many different people made to this project throughout its three year lifespan. I think that I should start my words of thanks by mentioning Professor Andrew Bank for the pragmatic manner in which he help me formulate often chaotic ideas into coherent thoughts that translated into a proposal that was passed the first time around by the powers that be.