Index Atomic Radiation, UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of A 115–116 A Woman’s Voice AU: African Union 18, 30, 31–32, International 80 143 Abbas, Mahmoud 7 Aung San Suu Kyi 33, 77 Abkhazia 35–36 avian influenza 90, 103 Abraham, Ronny 129 Aviation Security Plan of Action AbuZayd, Karen 85 100 Adechi, Joël W. 22 AWVI: A Woman’s Voice Afghanistan 12–14, 74, 83 International 80 Bonn Agreement 13, 14 B elections 13 Banny, Charles Konan 18 humanitarian aid 13 International Security Bastagli, Francesco 32 Assistance Force 14 Beijing Women’s Conference 10th opium production 14 Anniversary 73, 74 political process 13, 14 Belarus 75, 77, 108 reconstruction 14 Belka, Marek 65 refugees 13–14, 83 UN Assistance Mission in Bennouna, Mohammed 129 Afghanistan 13, 14 bin Laden, Usama 44–45, 47, 49 UN Commission on the Status Bonn Agreement 13, 14 of Women 74 BONUCA: UN Peace-Building African Union 18, 30, 31–32, 143 Support Office in the Central Côte d’Ivoire 18 African Republic 17 Mission in Sudan 30, 31–32 Boschwitz, Rudy 74, 75, 79 UN Security Council reform 143 Bosnia and Herzegovina 35 Ahlenius, Inga-Britt 153 Bougainville 32–33 Ahtisaari, Martti 37 Bougainville Peace Al-Hussein, Prince Zeid Ra’ad 43 Agreement 32 Al-Khasawneh, Awn Shawkat elections 32–33 129 political process 32–33 al-Qaida 44–45, 47, 49 UN Observer Mission in Bougainville 32, 33 Alhassan, Mohammad 24–25 Bout, Victor 26 Algeria 32 Boyle, Peter 105 Arnault, Jean 13 Bozizé, François 16 Arbour, Louise 76 Bryant, Gyude 25, 26, 27 arrears 145 budget, UN 140, 141–142, ASOPAZCO: International 146–147 Council of the Associations for spending cap 140, 141–142, Peace in the Continents 79–80

203 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 146 –147 Children’s Fund, UN 57, 58–60, Buergenthal, Thomas 129 82, 106 Burma 33, 77, 108 development 57, 59–60 human rights mechanisms 77 Inter-Agency Standing International Labor Committee 59 Organization 108 Joint UN Program on Security Council 33 HIV/AIDS 106 vaccines 59 Burundi 15–16 World Food Program 82 elections 15 peace process 15, 16 China 64, 80, 108, 109 UN Operation in Burundi 15, 16 International Labor UN Organization Mission in the Organization 108, 109 Democratic Republic of the NGO Committee 80 Congo 16 UN Population Fund 64 Bush, George W. 7, 50, 63, 77, 96, CHR: UN Commission on 129 Human Rights 74–76, 80 C Civil Society in Conflict Prevention 50–51, 52–53 CAC: UN Convention Against Civilians in Armed Conflict 51 Corruption 70, 71 climate change 63–64 Cambodia 136 Climate Change, UN Framework Capital Master Plan 161–162 Convention on 63–64 financing 161 cloning 123–124 CAR: Central African Republic UN Declaration on Human 16–17 Cloning 123, 124 Caribbean region 62–63 CMP: Capital Master Plan CCIT: Comprehensive 161–162 Convention on International CND: UN Commission on Terrorism 45–46 Narcotic Drugs 71–72 CD: Conference on Disarmament Codex Alimentarius Commission 39–40 89, 90 Central African Republic 16–17 Colombia 108 elections 16, 17 peace process 17 Commission on Sustainable political process 17 Development 57–58 UN Peace-Building Support Commission on Human Rights Office in the Central African 74–76, 80 Republic 17 Committee for Program and Central America 108 Coordination 148–150, 152–153 Chérif, Taïeb 99 Chief Executives Board for Coordination 149–150 Chidiac, May 12 effectiveness 148 Children and Armed New Partnership for Africa’s Conflict 50 Development 149

204 Index Office of Internal Oversight Costa, Antonio Maria 70 Services evaluation reports 149 Côte d’Ivoire 17–19, 48 reform 150 African Union 18 results-based management 149, Economic Community of 152–153 West African States 18 Strategic Framework 148 elections 18 Committee on Nongovernmental peace and security 18 Organizations 79–80 peace process 18–19 A Woman’s Voice International International Working 80 Group 18 China 80 sanctions 17, 18–19, 48 International Council of the UN Mission in Liberia 18 Associations for Peace in the UN Mission in Sierra Leone 18 Continents 79–80 UN Operation in Côte d’Ivoire Commission on Human Rights 17–18, 19 80 violence 18 Community of Democracies 78, Counter-Terrorism Committee 44, 79 45 Comprehensive Convention on CPA: Comprehensive Peace International Terrorism 45–46 Agreement 30, 31 Comprehensive Peace Agreement CPC: Committee for Program and 30, 31 Coordination 148–150, 152–153 Conference on Disarmament CPD: UN Commission on 39–40 Population and Development 65 Congo, Democratic Republic Crane, David 28 of the 19–21, 43, 47 crime prevention and criminal disarmament 19, 20 justice 69–71 elections 20 Crime Congress 69–70 peace and security 19–21 UN Commission on Crime sanctions 47 Prevention and Criminal UN Organization Mission in the Justice 69, 70 Democratic Republic of the UN Convention Against Congo 16, 19–21, 43 Corruption 70, 71 sexual exploitation and abuse UN Convention Against 19, 20, 43 Transnational Organized Crime violence 19, 20, 21 70–71 Convention for the Suppression of UN Office on Drugs and Crime Unlawful Acts Against the Safety 70 of Maritime Navigation 110 CSD: Commission on Sustainable Convention on the Protection and Development 57–58 Promotion of the Diversity of CSW: UN Commission on the Cultural Expressions 113–114 Status of Women 73–74 Convention on the Rights of CTC: Counter-Terrorism Persons with Disabilities 68–69 Committee 44, 45

205 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 Cuba 74, 75, 79–80 reform 57 Cyprus 35 UN Children’s Fund 57 peace and security 35 UN Development Program 57 reunification 35 Water Cycle 57–58 Settlement Plan 35 World Health Organization 57 UN Peacekeeping Force in UN Children’s Fund 57, 59–60 Cyprus 35 UN Conference on Trade and Development 55–56 D Investment Map 56 Dayan, Edouard 116 market access preferences 56 de Silva, Desmond 28 technical assistance 56 UN Development Program 55, Declaration on Bioethics and 57, 106 Human Rights 113–114 Commission on Sustainable decolonization 48–49 Development 57 non-self-governing democratic governance 55 territories 48–49 Joint UN Program on Special Committee on the HIV/AIDS 106 Situation with Regard to the reform 55 Implementation of the World Intellectual Property Declaration on the Granting of Organization 119 Independence to Colonial Development Fund for Iraq 6 Countries and Peoples 48 Special Political and DFI: Development Fund for Decolonization Committee 48 Iraq 6 democracy 77–79, 138 Diouf, Jacques 89, 91 Democracy Caucus 78–79 Disabilities, Convention on the Community of Democracies Rights of Persons with 68–69 78, 79 disarmament 38–41 UN Commission on Human Conference on Disarmament Rights 78–79 39–40 UN Democracy Fund 77–78, Program of Work 39–40 138 NPT Conference 40–41 Department of Peacekeeping spread of nuclear weapons 401 Operations, UN 43, 44, 51, 52 Iran 40 Dervis, Kemal 55 North Korea 40 UN Disarmament Commission development 55–58, 59–60, 106, 38–39 119 agenda 39 Commission on Sustainable Development 57–58 disarmament, demobilization, development partnerships and repatriation 19, 20, 26 57 disaster and humanitarian relief International Forum on activities 86–87 Partnerships for Sustainable International Strategy for Development 57 Disaster Reduction 87 Learning Center 58 South Asia earthquake 86–87

206 Index World Conference on Disaster Europe 65–66 Reduction 87 reform 66 Hyogo Framework for Action Economic Commission for Latin 2005–2015 87 America and the Caribbean Djordjevic, Vlastimir 134 66–67 Dobriansky, Paula 58, 78 Economic Community of West Doss, Alan 25 African States 18, 24, 27 DPKO: UN Department of education 77, 114 Peacekeeping Operations 43, 44, Egypt 10 51, 52 Eide, Kai 37 DRC: Democratic Republic of the Elaraby, Nabil 129 Congo 19–21 ElBaradei, Mohamed 92, 94 drug control 14, 71–72, 106 elections counter-narcotics 71 Afghanistan 13 International Narcotics Control Bougainville 32–33 Board 72 Burundi 15 UN Commission Narcotic Central African Republic Drugs 71–72 16, 17 needle exchange 72 Côte d’Ivoire 18 UN Office on Drugs and Democratic Republic of the Crime 14, 71–72, 106 Congo 20 Afghanistan 14 Guinea-Bissau 23, 24 Joint UN Program on Haiti 37, 38 HIV/AIDS 106 Iraq 5, 6–7 Dweh, George 27 Lebanon 12 E Liberia 25–26 Palestine 7 East Timor 33–34 human rights violations 34 Eliasson, Jan 139, 140, 141 optional religious education 34 employment of Americans UN Mission of Support in East 157–161 Timor 33, 34 geographic targets 158–160 UN Office in Timor-Leste 33, 34 environment 61–64, 101, ECE: Economic Commission for 111, 115–116 Europe 65–66 climate change 63–64 ECLAC: Economic Commission Intergovernmental Panel on for Latin America and the Climate Change 64 Caribbean 66–67 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 63–64 Economic and Social Commission Eleventh Conference of the for Asia and the Pacific 67 Parties 63–64 aid to victims of Indian Ocean greenhouse gases 63 tsunami 67 Kyoto Protocol 63 reform 67 International Civil Aviation Economic Commission for Organization 101

207 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 International Maritime Nationales de Libération 15, 16 Organization 111 Food and Agriculture UN Environment Program Organization 82, 89–91, 106 61–63, 115–116 avian influenza 90 capacity building 62 Codex Alimentarius Caribbean 62–63 Commission 89, 90 chemicals 62 external evaluation 89 Indian Ocean tsunami 63 fisheries 90–91 Iraq 62 forestry issues 90 program implementation 62 food safety 89–90 vehicle technologies 63 International Treaty on Plant UN Scientific Committee on the Genetic Resources for Food Effects of Atomic Radiation and Agriculture 90 115–116 Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS Eritrea 21–23 106 Boundary Commission 21, 22, plant genetic resources 90 23 reform 91 escalation 22 trade issues 90 peace and security 21 World Food Program 82 UN Mission in Ethiopia and Framework Convention on Eritrea 21–23 Tobacco Control 102–103 cooperation 22 Frente Popular para la Liberacion ESCAP: Economic and Social de Saguia el-Hamra y Rio de Commission for Asia and the Oro 32 Pacific 67 G Ethiopia 21–23 Boundary Commission 21, 22, Gambari, Ibrahim 33 23 Garang, John 31 escalation 22 Gbagbo, Laurent 18 peace and security 21 Gedi, Ali Mohammed 29 UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea 21–23 Georgia 35–36 Abkhazia 35–36 EU: European Union 35 peace and security 35–36 European Union 35 UN Observer Mission in F Georgia 35–36 FAO: Food and Agriculture Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Organization 82, 89–91 Tuberculosis, and Malaria 107 FCTC: Framework Gorita, Ion 151 Convention on Tobacco Control Gotovina, Ante 134 102–103 Guinea-Bissau 23–24 financial situation of the United Economic Community of Nations 145–146 West African States 24 members’ arrears 145 elections 23, 24 FNL: Palipehutu-Forces political process 23, 24

208 Index UN Peace-building Support Cuba 79–80 Office in Guinea-Bissau East Timor 34 23, 24 Khmer Rouge 136 Guterres, Antonio 82 Office of the High Commissioner for Human H Rights 76–77 Hadzic, Goran 134 Guantanamo Bay 77 Haiti 37–38 Human Rights Council 76 elections 37, 38 mechanisms 77 peace and security 37 Belarus 77 political process 37, 38 Burma 77 UN Stabilization Mission in education 77 Haiti 37–38 extreme poverty 77 UN Commission on Hansen, Peter 85 Human Rights 74–76, 78–79, Hariri, Rafiq 11 80 Higgins, Rosalyn 129 Belarus 75 High-Level Panel report 137 China 80 Cuba 74, 75 HIV/AIDS 51, 102, 105–107 defamation of religion 75 3 by 5 initiative 102, 106–107 democracy 78–79 Department of Peacekeeping Guantanamo Bay 75 Operations 51 Human Rights Council 74, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 75–76, 138–139 Tuberculosis, and Malaria 107 Israel 75 Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS NGO Committee 80 105–107 North Korea 75 Hizballah 9–10 reform 75–76 Holocaust commemoration 8 Sudan 75 host country relations 128 women 73–74 national security requirements Human Rights Council 74, 75–76, in preparation for General 138–139 Assembly 128 humanitarian aid 9, 13, 29, 59, Parking Program for Diplomatic 81–87 Vehicles 128 Afghanistan 13 HRC: Human Rights Council 74, Inter-Agency Standing 75–76, 138–139 Committee 59, 84 human resources management Somalia 29 155–156 South Asia earthquake 86–87 financial accountability of staff UN Children’s Fund 59 155, 156 UN High Commissioner for member representation on staff Refugees 82–85 155 UN Relief and Works Agency 9, 85–86 human rights 34, 73–79, 80, 136 World Food Program 81–82 China 80 Hussein, Saddam 46

209 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 Hyogo Framework for Action UN Military Observer Group in 2005–2015 87 India and Pakistan 14–15 I Indian Ocean tsunami 63, 67 IAEA: International Atomic Inter-Agency Standing Energy Agency 92–99 Committee 59, 84 IAMB: International Advisory Intergovernmental Panel on and Monitoring Board 6 Climate Change 64 IARC: International Agency for Interim Commission on Research on Cancer 104–105 Phytosanitary Measures of the International Plant Protection IASC: Inter-Agency Standing Convention 89, 90 Committee 59, 84 International Advisory and ICAO: International Civil Monitoring Board 6 Aviation Organization 99–102 International Agency for Research ICC: International Criminal on Cancer 104–105 Court 31, 129–130 International Atomic Energy ICJ: International Court of Justice Agency 92–99 128–129 nuclear security 96–98 ICSC: International Civil Service peaceful uses of nuclear Commission 156–157 technologies 98–99 ICTR: International Criminal physical protection of nuclear Tribunal for Rwanda 133–134 materials 98 ICTY: International Criminal safeguards 92–96 Tribunal for the former Iran 94–95 Yugoslavia 134–135 EU3 negotiations 94, 95 UN Security Council 95 Idris, Kamil 118 Iraq 92–93 IHRs: International Health Libya 96 Regulations 103 North Korea 93 IIC: Independent Inquiry security of radioactive sources Committee 48 97–98 ILC: International Law International Civil Aviation Commission 130–131 Organization 99–102 ILO: International Labor aviation safety 99–100 Organization 107–109 Universal Safety Oversight Audit Program 99–100 IMO: International Maritime aviation security 99–100 Organization 109–111 Aviation Security Plan of INCB: International Narcotics Action 100 Control Board 72 Universal Security Audit Independent Inquiry Committee Program 99-100 48 environmental issues 101 India 14–15 machine-readable passports 101 peace and security 15 International Civil Service

210 Index Commission 156–157 Organization 109–111 employment contracts 157 audit plan 110–111 hazard pay 156 environment 111 mobility benefits 157 maritime safety 110 pilot study for broad-banding maritime security 109–110 and pay-for-performance International Convention for 156–157 the Safety of Life at Sea reform 157 109–110 salary scale 156 International Ship and Port International Convention for the Facility Security 109–110 Safety of Life at Sea 109–110 terrorism 109–110 Convention for the International Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Against the Safety of Terrorism 46 Maritime Navigation 110 International Council of the International Mission for the Associations for Peace in the Monitoring of Haitian Continents 79–80 Elections 38 International Court of Justice International Monetary Fund 23 128–129 International Narcotics Control International Criminal Court Board 72 31, 129–130 Darfur, Sudan 31, 129–130 International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor International Criminal Tribunal for 108 Rwanda 133–134 international security 137–138 International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia 134–135 International Security Assistance Force 14 International Foundation for Election Systems 38 International Ship and Port Facility Security 109–110 International Health Regulations 103 International Strategy for Disaster Reduction 87 International Labor Organization 107–109 International Telecommunication abuse of basic worker rights 108 Union 111–113 exploitative child labor 108 cost recovery from satellite Iraq 108–109 network filings 112 Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS reform 112 106 World Summit on the Information Society 113 International Law Commission 130–131 International Trade Law, UN natural resources 130 Commission on 124–127 responsibility of international arbitration 125–126 organizations 130 carriage of goods by sea 126 insolvency law 127 International Maritime international commercial fraud

211 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 127 ISDR: International Strategy for procurement 125 Disaster Reduction 87 secured finance reform 126–127 ISPS: International Ship and Port UN Convention on the Use of Facility Security 109–110 Electronic Communications in Israel 7–11, 73, 75 International Contracts assistance to Palestinian 124–125 women 73 International Treaty on Plant Holocaust commemoration 8 Genetic Resources for Food and liberation of Nazi concentration Agriculture 90 camps 7, 8 International Working Group 18 Middle East resolutions 8–9 IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel peace process 8 on Climate Change 64 peace and security 9–11 permanent status 7, 8 IPEC: International Program on Roadmap 7, 8 the Elimination of Child Labor security barrier 7 108 UN Commission on Human IPPC: Interim Commission on Rights 75 Phytosanitary Measures of the UN Disengagement International Plant Protection Observer Force 10–11 Convention 89, 90 UN Interim Force in Lebanon Iran 40, 94–95 9–10 cooperation with international UN Truce Supervision community regarding nuclear Organization 10 safeguards 94–95 violence 9 Nuclear Non-Proliferation ITU: International Treaty Conference 40 Telecommunication Union Iraq 5–7, 62, 74, 92–93, 108–109 111–113 Development Fund for Iraq 6 IWG: International Working elections 5, 6–7 Group 18 International Advisory and Monitoring Board 6 J International Atomic Energy Jalal, Massouda 74 Agency 92–93 Jammu 15 International Labor Organization Japan 143, 147–148 108–109 Multinational Force 6, 7 Jarraud, Michel 120 political process 5–7 JIU: Joint Inspection Unit UN Assistance Mission for Iraq 118, 151–153 5, 6, 7 Johnson Sirleaf, Ellen 25–26 UN Commission on the Status of Joint Inspection Unit 118, Women 74 151–153 UN Environment Program 62 Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS ISAF: International Security 105–107 Assistance Force 14 Jones, General James 32

212 Index Jordan 10 Liberia 18, 24–28, 47, 135 K disarmament, demobilization, and repatriation 26 Kabuga, Felicien 133 Economic Community of Karadzic, Radovan 134 West African States 27 Kashmir 15 elections 25–26 political process 25–26 Keith, Kenneth 129 sanctions 26, 47 Khmer Rouge Tribunal 136 sexual exploitation and abuse 27 Kiir, Salva 31 Special Court for Sierra Leone Kim Hak-Su 67 25, 27, 135 Taylor, Charles 26–27, 135 Klein, Jacques Paul 25 UN Mission in Liberia 18, 24, Kooijmans, Pieter H. 129 25, 26–28, 135 Koroma, Abdul G. 129 violence 27 Kosovo 36–37 Libya 96 political process 36–37 Lubbers, Ruud 82 UN Interim Administration Lugar, Richard 32 Mission in Kosovo 36, 37 Kotaite, Assad 99 M Kroeker, Mark 24 machine-readable passports 101 Kyoto Protocol 63 Machinea, José Luis 66 L Malacca Straits 110 Matsuura, Koichiro 113 Leavitt, Michael O. 105 Matheson, Michael 130 Lebanon 9–10, 11–12 elections 12 Mbeki, Thabo 18 sovereignty 11–12 Mehlis, Detlev 11 Syrian involvement in Hariri Middle East 7–11 assassination 11 peace and security 9–11 Syrian withdrawal 11, 12 resolutions condemning Israel terrorism 11, 12 8–9 UN Interim Force in Lebanon MINURSO: UN Mission for 9–10 the Referendum in Western UN International Independent Sahara 32 Investigation Commission 11 Syrian cooperation 11 MINUSTAH: UN Stabilization UN Truce Supervision Mission in Haiti 37–38 Organization 10 Mitropoulos, Efthimios 109 Lee Jong-Wook 102 Mladic, Ratko 134 Lee, Michelle 136 MNF: Multinational Force 6, 7 Levitsky, Melvin 72 MONUC: UN Organization liberation of Nazi concentration Mission in the Democratic camps 7, 8 Republic of the Congo 16, 19–21, 43

213 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 Monteiro, Antonio 18 76–77 Morocco 32 OIE: World Organization for Morris, James T. 81 Animal Health 90 Multinational Force 6, 7 Oil-for-Food Program investigation 48–49 Munoz, Vernor 77 OIOS: Office of Internal N Oversight Services 140–141, NATO 14, 35, 36 149, 153–154 New Partnership for Africa’s Oman 108 Development 149 ONUB: UN Operation in NGO Committee: Committee on Burundi 15, 16 Nongovernmental Organizations Opande, Daniel 24 79–80 Organization of American Nkurunziza, Pierre 15 States 38, 105, 126 non-self-governing territories Otham, Narmin 74 48–49 oversight 118, 140–141, 149, North Korea 40, 75, 93 150–154 Commission on Human Rights Board of Auditors 150–151 75 implementation of International Atomic Energy recommendations 151 Agency 93 UN High Commissioner for Nuclear Non-Proliferation Refugees 150–151 Treaty Conference 40 Joint Inspection Unit 118, Nuclear Non-Proliferation 151–153 Treaty Conference 40–41 results-based management 153 O World Intellectual Property Organization 118 OAS: Organization of American Office of Internal Oversight States 38, 105, 126 Services 140–141, 149, Obaid, Thoraya Ahmed 64 153–154 OCHA: UN Office for the Committee for Program and Coordination of Humanitarian Coordination 149 Affairs 29 implementation of recommendations 153, 154 ODA: official development procurement 154 assistance 137 reform 140–141 Office of Internal Oversight sexual abuse allegations Services 140–141, 149, 153–154 against peacekeepers Office of the High Commissioner 153–154 for Human Rights 76–77 Tsunami relief operations official development assistance assessment 154 137 Owada, Hisashi 129 OHCHR: Office of the High Owonibi, Joseph 24 Commissioner for Human Rights

214 Index P Somalia 29 Sudan 31–32 PAHO: Pan American Health women 53 Organization 105 peace process Pakistan 14–15 Burundi 15, 16 peace and security 15 Central African Republic 17 UN Military Observer Group in Côte d’Ivoire 18–19 India and Pakistan 14–15 Middle East 8 Palestine 7–9, 73, 104 Sudan 30–32 assistance to Palestinian peacebuilding 52, 138, 139, women 73 142–143 elections 7 Peacebuilding Commission health conditions 104 138, 139, 142–143 Middle East resolutions 8–9 Security Council thematic peace process 8 debates 52 permanent status of Israel 7, 8 Roadmap 7, 8 peacekeeping issues 19, 20, 27, security barrier 7 41–44, 51, 52, 153–154 Department of Peacekeeping Palestine Liberation Organization Operations 43, 44, 51, 52 86 prevention and enforcement Palipehutu-Forces Nationales de strategies to fight sexual Libération 15, 16 exploitation and abuse Pan American Health 43, 44 Organization 105 financing 41–42 Parking Program for Diplomatic HIV/AIDS 51 Vehicles 128 protection of U.S. peacekeepers 42 Parra-Aranguren, Gonzalo 129 sexual exploitation and abuse PBC: Peacebuilding Commission 19, 20, 27, 43, 44, 52, 153–154 138, 139, 142–143 UN Police 42–43 peace and security formed units 42–43 Abkhazia 35–36 Ping, Jean 138, 140 Côte d’Ivoire 18 Pinheiro, Sergio 77 Cyprus 35 Democratic Republic of the Piot, Peter 105–106 Congo 19–21 PLO: Palestine Liberation Eritrea 21 Organization 86 Ethiopia 21 POLISARIO Front: Frente Georgia 35–36 Popular para la Liberacion de Haiti 37 Saguia el-Hamra y Rio de Oro India 15 32 Jammu 15 political process Kashmir 15 Afghanistan 13, 14 Middle East 9–11 Bougainville 32–33 Pakistan 15 Central African Republic 17 sanctions 46–48

215 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 Guinea-Bissau 23, 24 mandate review 140, 141 Haiti 37, 38 Office of Internal Oversight Iraq 5–7 Services 140–141 Kosovo 36–37 outcome document 139–140 Liberia 25–26 Peacebuilding Commission 138, population 64–65, 106 139, 142–143 UN Commission on Security Council expansion 143 Population and Development African Union proposal 143 65 G-4 proposal 143 UN Population Fund 64, 106 Secretary-General report China 64 137–138 Joint UN Program on High-Level Panel report 137 HIV/AIDS 106 international security 137–138 official development Prescott, Charles 117 assistance 137 Pronk, Jan 31 organizational reform 138 Q Peacebuilding Commission 138 Qazi, Ashraf 5 UN Commission on Human Qassir, Samir 12 Rights 75–76 R UN Development Program 55 World Intellectual Property Ranjeva, Raymond 129 Organization 118–119 Razali Ismail 33 World Meteorological reform Organization 120 budget tied to reform 140, refugees 9, 14, 82–86, 106, 141–142, 146–147 150–151 Commission on Sustainable UN High Commissioner for Development 57 Refugees 14, 82–85, 86, 106, Committee for Program and 150–151 Coordination 150 Afghanistan 14, 83 Economic and Social audit reports 150–151 Commission for Asia and the Framework for Cooperation Pacific 67 84 Economic Commission for Inter-Agency Standing Europe 66 Committee 84 Ethics Office 139, 140, 141 Joint UN Program on Food and Agriculture HIV/AIDS 106 Organization 91 South Asia earthquake 86 International Civil Service Sudan 83 Commission 157 supplemental appeals 85 International World Food Program 82 Telecommunication Union UN Relief and Works Agency 112 for Palestine Refugees in the management of the organization Near East 9, 85–86 139–142 tolerance 85

216 Index Rezek, Francisco 129 Operations 43, 44, 52 Rice, Condoleezza 141 Shi Jiuyong 129 Roses, Mirta 105 Sierra Leone 18, 25, 27, 28–29, S 135–136 Sierra Leone Special Court 25, Sach, Warren 145 27, 28, 135–136 sanctions 17, 18–19, 26, 29, 30– UN Integrated Office in Sierra 31, 44–45, 46–48, 49, 132 Leone 28 al-Qaida 44–45, 47, 49 UN Mission in Liberia 28 bin Laden, Usama 44–45, 47, 49 UN Mission in Sierra Leone Côte d’Ivoire 17, 18–19, 48 18, 28–29 Democratic Republic of the small arms 53 Congo 47 Simma, Bruno 129 Hussein, Saddam 46 Liberia 26, 47 Singh, Manmohan 77 peace and security 46–48 Skotnikov, Leonid 129 Somalia 29, 47 Social Development, Commission Special Committee on the for 68 Charter of the United Nations review of the World Summit for 132 Social Development 68 Sudan 30–31, 47 Taliban 44–45, 47, 49 SOLAS: International Convention terrorism 44–45, 49 for the Safety of Life at Sea 109–110 Sanhá, Malam Bacai 23 Somalia 29–30, 47 Sauerbrey, Ellen 73 humanitarian aid 29 scale of assessments 147–148 peace and security 29 Article 19 147 sanctions 29, 47 methodology 147–148 UN Political Office in Somalia Schmognerova, Brigita 65 29–30 school food programs 81 Somavia, Juan 107 Security Council 51–52, 143 Special Committee on the Charter reform 143 of the United Nations 132–133 role in humanitarian crises sanctions 132 51–52 streamlining of work 132–133 Sengupta, Arjun 77 Special Committee on the Situation with Regard to the Sepulvdea Amor, Berndardo 129 Implementation of the Settlement Plan 35 Declaration on the Granting of Severin, Adrian 77 Independence to Colonial sexual exploitation and abuse Countries and Peoples 48 19, 20, 27, 43–44, 52, 153–154 Special Court for Sierra Leone 25, Office of Internal Oversight 27, 28, 135–136 Services 153–154 Special Political and UN Department of Peacekeeping Decolonization Committee 48

217 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 SPLM/A: Sudan People’s bin Laden, Usama 44–45, 47, 49 Liberation Movement/Army Comprehensive Convention on 30, 31 International Terrorism 45–46 SUA: Convention for the Counter-Terrorism Suppression of Unlawful Acts Committee 44, 45 Against the Safety of Maritime International Convention for the Navigation 110 Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism 46 Sudan 30–32, 47, 75, 81, 83, International Maritime 129–130 Organization 109–110 African Union Mission in Lebanon 11, 12 Sudan 30, 32 sanctions 44–45, 49 Comprehensive Peace Taliban 44–45, 47, 49 Agreement 30, 31 World Summit 45–46 International Criminal Court 31, 129–130 Tibaijuka, Anna 60 peace and security 31–32 TOC: UN Convention Against peace process 30–32 Transnational Organized Crime refugees 83 70–71 sanctions 30–31, 47 Tolimir, Zdravko 134 UN Mission in Sudan 30, 31–32 Tomka, Peter 129 UN Commission on Human Rights 75 Töpfer, Klaus 61 World Food Program 81 trafficking in women and girls 73 Sudan People’s Liberation Transnational Organized Crime, Movement/Army 30, 31 UN Convention Against 70–71 Supachai Panitchpakdi 56 Turk, Danilo 33 Swing, William Lacey 19 U Syria 10–12 U.S. Department of Housing and cooperation with the UN Urban Development 61 International Independent UN Assistance Mission for Iraq 5, Investigation Commission 11 6, 7 involvement in Hariri assassination 11 UN Assistance Mission in UN Disengagement Observer Afghanistan 13, 14 Force 10–11 UN Children’s Fund 58–60 withdrawal from Lebanon 11, 12 UN Commission on Crime T Prevention and Criminal Justice Taiwan 104 69, 70 Taliban 44–45, 47, 49 UN Commission on Human Rights 74–76, 80 Taylor, Charles 26–27, 135 UN Commission on International terrorism 11, 12, 44–47, 49, Trade Law 124–127 50, 109–110 UN Commission on Narcotic al-Qaida 44–45, 47, 49 Drugs 71–72

218 Index UN Commission on Population 150–151 and Development 65 UN Human Settlements Program UN Commission on the Status of 60–61 Women 73–74 urban governance 61 UN Conference on Trade and urbanization 61 Development 55–56 UN Integrated Office in Sierra UN Convention Against Leone 28 Corruption 70, 71 UN Interim Administration UN Convention Against Mission in Kosovo 37 Transnational Organized Crime UN Interim Force in Lebanon 70–71 9–10 UN Convention on the Use of UN International Independent Electronic Communications in Investigation Commission 11 International Contracts 124–125 Syria cooperation 11 UN Declaration on Human UN Military Observer Group in Cloning 123, 124 India and Pakistan 14–15 UN Democracy Fund 77–78, 138 UN Millennium Project 137 UN Department of Peacekeeping UN Mission for the Referendum in Operations 43, 44, 51, 52 Western Sahara 32 UN Development Program 55, 57, UN Mission in Ethiopia and 106 Eritrea 21–23 UN Disarmament Commission UN Mission in Liberia 18, 24, 25, 38–39 26–28, 135 UN Disengagement Observer UN Mission in Sierra Leone Force 10–11 18, 28–29 UN Educational, Scientific, and UN Mission in Sudan 30, 31–32 Cultural Organization 106, UN Mission of Support in East 113–115 Timor 33, 34 Convention on the Protection UN Observer Mission in and Promotion of the Diversity Bougainville 32, 33 of Cultural Expressions 113–114 UN Observer Mission in Georgia Declaration on Bioethics and 35–36 Human Rights 113–114 UN Office for the Coordination of education 114 Humanitarian Affairs 29 Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS UN Office on Drugs and Crime 106 14, 70, 71, 72, 106 UN Environment Program 61–63, UN Office in Timor-Leste 33, 34 115–116 UN Operation in Burundi 15, 16 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 63–64 UN Operation in Côte d’Ivoire 17–18, 19 UN High Commissioner for Refugees 14, 82–85, 86, 106, UN Organization Mission in the

219 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 Democratic Republic of the Commission 38–39 Congo 16, 19–21, 43 UNDEF: UN Democracy Fund UN Peace-Building Support 77–78, 138 Office in Guinea-Bissau 23, 24 UNDOF: UN Disengagement UN Peace-Building Support Observer Force 10–11 Office in the Central African UNDP: UN Development Republic 17 Program 55, 57, 106 UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus UNEP: UN Environment 35 Program 61–63, 115–116 UN Police 42–43 UNESCO: UN Educational, UN Political Office in Somalia Scientific, and Cultural 29–30 Organization 106, 113–115 UN Population Fund 64 UNFCCC: UN Framework UN Relief and Works Agency for Convention on Climate Palestine Refugees in the Near Change 63–64 East 9, 85–86 UNFICYP: UN Peacekeeping UN Scientific Committee on the Force in Cyprus 35 Effects of Atomic Radiation UNFPA: UN Population Fund 64 115–116 UNHCR: UN High UN Environment Program Commissioner for Refugees 115–116 14, 82–85, 86, 106, 150–151 UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti UNICEF: UN Children’s Fund 37–38 58–60 UN Truce Supervision UNIFIL: UN Interim Force in Organization 10 Lebanon 9–10 UN-HABITAT: UN Human UNIIIC: UN International Settlements Program 60–61 Independent Investigation UNAIDS: Joint UN Program on Commission 11 HIV/AIDS 105–107 UNIOSIL: UN Integrated Office UNAMA: UN Assistance Mission in Sierra Leone 28 in Afghanistan 13, 14 United Arab Emirates 108 UNAMI: UN Assistance Mission Universal Postal Union 116–117 for Iraq 5, 6, 7 Letter and Post Regulations UNAMSIL: UN Mission in Sierra 116–117 Leone 18, 28–29 Universal Safety Oversight Audit UNCHR: UN Commission on Program 99–100 Human Rights 74–76, 80 Universal Security Audit Program UNCITRAL: UN Commission on 99–100 International Trade Law 124–127 UNMEE: UN Mission in UNCTAD: UN Conference on Ethiopia and Eritrea 21–23 Trade and Development 55–56 UNMIK: UN Interim UNDC: UN Disarmament Administration Mission in 220 Index Kosovo 36, 37 V UNMIL: UN Mission in van Walsum, Peter 32 Liberia 18, 24, 25, 26–28, 135 VCP: Voluntary Cooperation UNMIS: UN Mission in Sudan Program 121 30, 31–32 vehicle technologies 63 UNMISET: UN Mission of Veneman, Ann 58, 160 Support in East Timor 33, 34 Venezuela 108 UNMOGIP: UN Military Observer Group in India and Vereshchetin, Vladlen S. 129 Pakistan 14–15 Vieira, Joao Bernardo 23 UNOCI: UN Operation in Côte violence d’Ivoire 17–18, 19 Côte d’Ivoire 18 UNODC: UN Office on Drugs Democratic Republic of the and Crime 14, 70, 71, 72, 106 Congo 19, 20, 21 Liberia 27 UNOGBIS: UN Peace-Building Middle East 9 Support Office in Guinea-Bissau 23, 24 Visoth, Sean 136 UNOMB: UN Observer Mission Voluntary Cooperation Program in Bougainville 32, 33 121 UNOMIG: UN Observer Mission W in Georgia 35–36 war crimes tribunals 25, 26–27, UNOTIL: UN Office in Timor- 28, 29, 133–136 Leste 33, 34 Cambodia Khmer Rouge UNPOL: UN Police 42–43 Tribunal 136 International Criminal Tribunal UNPOS: UN Political Office in for Rwanda 133–134 Somalia 29–30 International Criminal Tribunal UNRWA: UN Relief and Works for the former Yugoslavia Agency for Palestine Refugees in 134–135 the Near East 9, 85–86 apprehension of fugitives 134 UNSCEAR: UN Scientific completion strategy 134–135 Committee on the Effects of Special Court for Sierra Leone Atomic Radiation 115–116 25, 26–27, 28, 29, 135–136 UNTSO: UN Truce Supervision Taylor, Charles 26–27, 135 Organization 10 UN Mission in Liberia 25, 26–27, 135 UPU: Universal Postal Union 116–117 Weah, George 25, 26 USAP: Universal Security Audit Western Sahara 32 Program 99–100 POWs 32 UN Mission for the Referendum USOAP: Universal Safety in Western Sahara 32 Oversight Audit Program 99–100 WFP: World Food Program Utsumi, Yoshio 111 81–82

221 United States Participation in the United Nations—2005 WHO: World Health Commission on Sustainable Organization 57, 82, 89, 90, Development 57 102–104, 106–107 Framework Convention on WIPO: World Intellectual Tobacco Control 102–103 Property Organization 117–119 HIV/AIDS 102–103 International Health Regulations WMO: World Meteorological 103 Organization 119–121 Joint UN Program on Wolff, Alejandro 147 HIV/AIDS 106–107 women 53, 73–74, 160 Palestinian health conditions 104 Afghanistan 74 Taiwan 104 Iraq 74 World Food Program 82 peace and security 53 World Intellectual Property political participation 74 Organization 117–119 recruitment of women in UN allegations of irregularities agencies 160 118–119 UN Commission on the development 119 Status of Women 73–74 Joint Inspection Unit 118 assistance to Palestinian patent law harmonization women 73 119 Beijing Women’s Conference reform 118–119 10th Anniversary 73, 74 World Meteorological trafficking in women and Organization 119–121 girls 73 reform 120 World Bank 23, 55, 106, 125, 127 Voluntary Cooperation Program World Conference on Disaster 121 Reduction 87 World Organization for Animal World Food Program 81–82, 86, Health 90 106 World Summit 45–46, 62, 79, Darfur, Sudan 81 138–140, 142 Food and Agriculture outcome document 45–46, 62, Organization 82 79, 138–139, 140, 142 Joint UN Program on Human Rights Council HIV/AIDS 106 138–139 school feeding operations 81 Peacebuilding Commission South Asia earthquake 86 139, 142 UN Children’s Fund 82 organizational reform 139–140 UN High Commissioner for terrorism 45–46 Refugees 82 World Summit on the Information World Health Organization 82 Society 113 World Health Organization 57, 82, WSIS: World Summit on the 89, 90, 102–104, 106–107 Information Society 113 avian influenza 103 Codex Alimentarius Wynes, M. Deborah 151 Commission 89, 90 Y

222 Index Yala, Kumba 23 Yusuf Ahmed, Abdullahi 29 Z Zebari, Hoshyar 6 Zupljanin, Stojan 134

223