Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

ABRUZZO RESPONSE ANALISY CIVIL PROTECTION AND ITALIAN RED CROSS

THE ITALIAN CIVIL PROTECTION EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Castiglione delle Stiviere, June 23th 2010 Fabrizio Curcio “The Italian Civil Protection : a good answer following decades of mistakes …”

9th October 1963

1968 earthquake 4rd November 1966 HISTORY In November 1980, a strong earthquake struck Southern Italy. About 3,000 people were killed and some 10,000 injured. During the event, national assistance was not coordinated by a central authority. The Italian Department of Civil Protection was established in 1982. Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

CIVIL PROTECTION

1919 - 1969 The Ministry of PUBBLIC WORKS is in charge of coordinating all the interventions to face the emergency

Ottobre 1963 - Vajont

1968 Belice earthquake 1966 Arno flood

1970 Law n. 996 – regulation about first assistance to the people affected by disasters – Civil Protection The Ministry of Internal Affairs is in charge of coordinating all the interventions to face the emergency Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

CIVIL PROTECTION

1976 Friuli earthquake

1981 D.P.R. n. 66 – regulation regarding the esecution of the Law 996/70

1992 Law n. 225 - Setting up of the Italian Civil Protection Sistem COSTITUTIONAL LAW 3/2001

Presidente di Regione 8 – Valle d’Aosta, Provincia Autonoma Bolzano, Provincia Autonoma Trento, Toscana, Umbria, Lazio, Sicilia, Calabria

Assessorato Ambiente 4– Sardegna,Piemonte,Liguria,Abruzzo REGIONAL COMPETENCE Assessorato Difesa del suolo 1 – Emilia Romagna Assessorato Urbanistica, Beni ambientali, culturali, Istruzione, Protezione Civile 1 – Molise Assessorato Infrastrutture, Opere Pubbliche e Mobilità 2 – Basilicata, Friuli Assessorato Protezione Civile, Polizia Locale e Sicurezza 1 – Lombardia Assessorato Identità Veneta, Protezione Civile e Caccia 1 - Veneto

Assessorato Lavori Pubblici, Protezione Civile 1 - Campania

Assessorato Opere Pubbliche, Protezione Civile, Lavori Pubblici, Difesa del suolo 1 - Puglia Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection TYPOLOGY OF EVENTS AND COMPETENCE AREAS L. 225/92

For the purposes of civil protection, events are divided into: a) events which can be solved by applying available resources of single administrations; b) events which can be faced with additional co- ordinated resources of more administrations; c) events which, because of their intensity and size, require the intervention of extraordinary means and authority. Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

PRIME MINISTER The civil protection framework

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL PROTECTION INSTITUTIONS SUPPORT OPERATIONAL STRUCTURES

INTERIOR National Fire-fighters Corp, Police

DEFENCE Army, Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri

HEALTH Medical Emergency

ENVIRONMENT, SEA AND TERRITORY SAFEGUARD Coast Guard

TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURES Road maintenance, Highways and Railways Companies EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY AND RESEARCH National Institute for geophysics and volcanology ECONOMY AND FINANCE National research Council ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Finance Police CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ACTIVITIES Electrical power supply companies

JUSTICE Penitentiary police AGRICULTURAL POLICY AND FORESTRY State Forest Corp FOREIGN AFFAIRS

TERRITORIAL STRUCTURES OF CIVIL PROTECTION Volunteer Organizations

Regions Provinces Municipalities NATIONAL OPERATIONAL STRUCTURES

National Fire Fighters Corps National Institute of Geoph. and Volc. Army Technical and scientific community Navy Italian Red Cross Air Force National health service structures Carabinieri Volunteer organisations Costal Guard National Alpine Aid Corps Police State Forest Corps Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The mission The Civil Protection National Service aims at safeguarding human life and health, goods, national heritage, human settlements and the environment from all natural or man-made disasters, through a complex system of structures and competences.

Forecasting ANALYSIS OF CAUSES AIMED AT IDENTIFYING RISK TYPOLOGIES AND AREAS AFFECTED BY RISKS

•REDUCING/MITIGATING DAMAGES Prevention •RAISING POPULATION AWARENESS TO ENHANCE SELF PROTECTION MEASURES

OPERATIONS AIMED AT FULFILLING THE BASIC NEEDS Emergency OF THE POPULATION AFFECTED BY THE EVENT BASED relief ON PREVIOUSLY ELABORATED EMERGENCY RELIEF PLANS

Emergency INTERVENTIONS AIMED AT RESTORING NORMAL LIFE overcoming CONDITIONS Seismic Zoning of Italy till 2003 2004

HAZARD LEVEL MUNICIPALITIES HAZARD LEVEL MUNICIPALITIES 1a cat. (high) 368 zone 1 (high) 708 2a cat. (medium) 2498 zone 2 (medium) 2345 3a cat. (low) 99 zone 3 (low) 1560 N.C. (aseismic) 5135 zone 4 (very low) 3488 TOTAL 8100 TOTAL 8101 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY Exposed Volcano Last eruption population

Stromboli Always active 500-5.000

Etna 2007 2.000-200.000

Vesuvio 1944 600.000

Pantelleria 1891 7.000

Vulcano 1888-1890 700-10.000

Ferdinandea 1831 0

C.Flegrei 1538 300.000

Ischia 1302 45.000

Lipari VI-VII sec. 10.000

Lipari

Ferdinandea

Etna, 27 October 2002 Stromboli, 30 December 2002 FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES

Calabria, Cerzeto, March 2005

6.630 municipalities (= 82% of total) and 29.435 kmq (= 10% of total) exposed at risk Friuli, August 2003

Puglia, October 2005

40 mld euro need to mitigation activity

200 mil euro available in 2007 Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Forest fires risks

July 24th 2007 TRANSPORTATION RISK INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS RECLAMATION OF WRECK Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Operations rooms and Network of Technologic and Scientific regional structures centres for risk analisys Centri Funzionali

EARLY WARNING AND REAL TIME COMMUNICATIONS

SISTEMA ITALIA NATIONAL CIVIL PROTECTION OPERATIONS ROOM

NATIONAL EMERGENCY PROCEDURES START-UP COMUNICAZIONE DELL’EVENTO E FLUSSO DELLE INFORMAZIONI CF C

SALE OPERATIVE SALE REGIONALI OPERATIVE E NAZIONALI PROVINCIAL I SALA SITUAZIONE ITALIA - SISTEMA

SALE OPERATIVE NAZIONALI DEI SERVIZI

SALE OPERATIVE DELLE COMPONENTI E STRUTTUREPrefetture - UTG OPERATIVE Law no. 225/1992 which, because of its intensity and size, shall require extraordinary means and authorities EVENT

meeting of Council of Ministers

Declaration of the “ State of Emergency” and assignment of the Head Commissioner

Law no. 286/2002 emergency state of major entity to be assessed on the basis of its life threatening potential risk

EVENT The President of the Council of Ministers before declaring the state of emergency decides the activation of the civil protection national system

The Head of the Civil Protection Department is in charge of coordinating all the interventions to face the emergency Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The system at work – the Operational Committee Army Air Force State Forest Corp Navy Carabinieri Police National Fire-fighters TRANSPORT Corp SERVICES •Road maintenance, Highway and Railway Italian Red Cross Companies Head of Civil Protection •Agency for flight control OTHER COMMUNICATIO SERVICES Alpine Rescue N SERVICES •National Corps National •Italian television postal service Health System •Telecommunicat •Electrical ion companies power supply companies National Research Council Environment Protection Agency Regions and territorial Volunteer structures of Organizatio civil ns protection Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Distribution of Civil Protection’s National Resources over the territory

Bolzano • E. I. Venegono Bellun • C.C. • G.d.F. o Varese • G.d.F. Orio al Serio •C.F.S. • VV.F. Casarsa • C.C. Volpiano Vicenza • E.I. • C.C. • A.M. Treviso Linate • C.C. • A.M. Venaria Venezia Malpensa • E.I. Padova • G.d.F. • P.S. • E.I. • P.S. Bologna • VV.F Torino Forlì • P.S. • VV.F. • C.C. Rimini Genova • VV.F. • G.d.F. • A.M. - E.I. Albenga • VV.F. Firenze • G.d.F. • C.C. Luni Sarzana • P.S. Falconara • M.M. - C.P. Pisa Arezzo • C.C. • E.I. Ceci • VV.F. • C.C. na Pescara • G.d.F. Viterbo •C.F.S • G.d.F. - P.S. - VV.F. Grosseto • E.I. Rieti . • C.P. - C.F.S. • A.M. •C.F.S Bracciano . Ciampinio • E.I. Urbe Bari • VV.F. – C.F.S. •C.F.S • C.C. - G.d.F. . Frosinone Olbia • A.M. • P.S. - VV.F. • C.C. Pratica di Mare • A.M. - M.M. Grazzanise Brindisi Alghero • C.C. – G.d.F. • A.M. • A.M. • VV.F. • P.S. Napoli Taranto • G.d.F. Pontecagnano • G.d.F. Salto di Quirra • C.C. • P.S. Grottaglie Abbasanta • A.M. • VV.F. • C.C. Decimomannu • M.M. • P.S. • A.M. Lamezia terme • E.I. - G.d.F. Cagliari Palermo • C.F.S. • E.I. Vibo Valentia • C.C. • C.C. • C.C. • G.d.F. • G.d.F. • P.S. Reggio Calabria • P.S. Catania AIR BASES Trapani • M.M. • A.M. • C.C. • G.d.F. • VV.F • C.P. Air Force Carabinieri National Fire-fighters Corp

Navy Finance Police Coast Guard

Army State Police State Forest Corp Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Regional response units

Independent Provinces Trento and Bolzano

NATIONAL RESOURCES PresidencyPresidency ofof thethe CouncilCouncil ofof MinistersMinisters –– DepartmentDepartment ofof CivilCivil ProtectionProtection

Memorandum of understanding D.P.C. – C.R.I. 29 August 2003 Objective: to enhance the safety and security of the citizens in case of emergency, through the sinergy and the operative efficiency in the use of common resources

 Costant contact beetween the Centrale Operativa C.R.I. and Sala Situazione Italia - D.P.C.  Availability of C.R.I. resources spread all over the country (national radio network, PMA, psicological assistance, field hospital, etc..).  Immidiate deployment of the Mobile Unit C.R.I..  Immidiate use of the logistics C.R.I..  Setting up the data base of the available resources.  Common training and exercises. Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Santa Venerina Municipality Advanced Medical Post C.R.I.

Ambulances h24 in recovery camp

First Response Mobile Unit C.R.I. Involved people: 160.000 homeless: 1.100 Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection Molise and Puglia earthquake October 31th 2002 involved Municipalities : 91 Larino fatalities: 30 Field Hospital C.R.I. homeless: 12.000

2 operations centres activated 31 camps Castellino del Biferno Base Camp C.R.I.M. Field kitchen C.R.I. Casalnuovo Monterotaro Advanced Medical Post Ururi Field kitchen C.R.I.

S. Giuliano Advanced Medical Post S. Giuliano Village health assistance tent pharmacy - ambulatory Psicological Unit in a roulotte Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Hospital on board of the San Giusto Vessel STROMBOLI

Health assistance Unit CRI/ASL at punta Labronzo for the rescuers

Doctor on duty h24 on the island PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE 8th October 2005 Magnitude 7.6 Richter scale

PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE Italian assistance Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

HAITI, 2010

Most urgent emergency relief items sent by Italy Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

A case study – the 2009 Abruzzo emergency

April 6th 2009, 3.32 a.m.: a strong earthquake strikes Abruzzo Intensity: IX-X MCS 308 victims

L’Aquila 70.000 inhab. 57 municipalities involved

67.000 displaced people Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The previous earthquake emergencies… The examples below demonstrate damage from of at least 9+ degrees on the Mercalli Intensity Scale Belice – 15/01/1968 Friuli – 06/05/1976 Irpinia – 23/11/1980 Umbria-Marche, 26/09/1997

Magnitude: 6.4 Magnitude: 6.9 Magnitude: 6.1 Magnitude: 6.1 965 victims 11 victims 296 victims 2735 victims

Municipalities Municipalities Municipalities damaged: 119 Municipalities damaged: 46 damaged: 15 damaged: 506 Largest town: Largest town: Largest town: Gemona  11.190 Largest town: Nocera Umbra  11.145 inhabitants Lioni  6.410 6.084 inhabitants inhabitants inhabitants Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

… compared to the L’Aquila earthquake

L’Aquila – 06/04/2009

57 Municipalities damaged Largest city: L’Aquila 70.000 inhabitants 67.000 displaced people

Magnitude: 6.3 308 victims

For the first time since 1908, when more than 86.000 people died during the earthquake that struck Messina and Reggio Calabria, a strong seismic event had its epicentre in a large Italian city, rich in cultural heritage and with a densely populated urban center. Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The very first hours

April 6th 2009 h. 3.32 am 3.32 am Abruzzo earthquake 4.15 am Crisis Unit – Department of Civil Protection 4.30 am Departure of DCP first team for macro-seismic evaluation 4.40 am Meeting of the Civil Protection Operational Committee 4.40 am Departure of the first two DCP operational teams 9.00 am Start-up of the Direction for Command and Control - First legal initiatives Di.Coma.C. - in the premises of the L’Aquila Finance Police School DPCM (Prime Minister’s Decree) of April 6th, 2009 “Declaration of a state of emergency due to the extraordinary seismic events which afected the L’Aquila province and other municipalities in the Abruzzo region on April 6th, 2009” (pursuant to L. 225/92). OPCM 3753 (Prime Minister’s Ordinance) of April 6th, 2009 “First initiatives following the seismic events which afected the L’Aquila province and other municipalities in the Abruzzo region on April 6th,2009” Law-decree (Government decree) n. 39 of April 28th, 2009 (converted to Law n. 77 of June 24th 2009) “Urgent interventions in favour of the population afected by the seismic events occurred in the Abruzzo region during April 2009 and further urgent measures in the field of civil protection ” Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The response of the Italian Civil Protection System

Operational Committee on site Major Risks Commission

Direction of Command and Control (L.E.M.A.)

COM 1 COM 2 COM 3 COM 4 COM 5 COM 6 COM 7 COM 8 L’Aquila San Demetrio Pizzoli Pianola Paganica Navelli Sulmona Montorio al Vomano Telecommunications Mass media and information Cultural heritage protection Environment protection and IT support

Essential services Operational structures/ Legal and Road conditions administrative support International relations

Coordination of local bodies Communication Post-emergency Assitance to population, infrastructures and structures school and university

Evaluation technique Logistics and materials Volunteering and damages asessment Health and social assistance Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The forces deployed

Coordinated by the Head of the Italian Civil Protection every single component of the system reacted immediately, giving its own precious contribution to the recovery activities

First Maxi 48 h mum Fire Brigades 2.400 2.471 Army 1.825 value1.825 Police forces 1.586 3.487 Italian Red Cross 816 835 Volunteers 4.300 9.000 TOTAL 10.927 17.618 Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The figures

s Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Providing health assistance Police legal-sanitary task forces were set up for a rapid identification of victims. The San Salvatore Hospital was evacuated in 8 hours: 250 people were transferred to other hospitals (150 with aerial MEDEVAC).

The first Hospital Units were reopened in May, supported by a Civil protection field hospital operating since July 2nd.

Psycho-social assistance was provided to the relatives of victims as well as to the displaced population by a total of 100 experts. PresidenzaPresidency del ofConsiglio the Council dei Ministriof Ministers – Dipartimento – Department della of protezioneCivil Protection civile

Camp Management RED CROSS for assistence people Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

The reconstruction strategy: avoiding containers to avoid new slums

The use of containers during previous emergencies in Italy has often showed that, although conceived as temporary solutions, these shelters ended up becoming permanent, sometimes creating new “slums”

TRADITIONAL STRATEGY

SHORT MEDIUM LONG TERM TERM TERM New houses Tents Pre-fabricated shelters

The Italian Civil Protection Department has thus decided to use a completely new strategy, passing directly from tents to high quality houses built with new technologies ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY SHORT MEDIUM/ TERM LONG TERM Tents High quality new houses Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

City of L’Aquila  CASE Project A) Building new neighborhoods in 19 different areas in order to avoid creating a “new town” and to maintain the identity of the city

Apartments built: 4.449 People hosted: 14.620

Other villages or former municipalities of B) the L’Aquila Province  MAP Project Opting for small groups of houses in numerous areas in order to let people remain in the areas where they used to live and to which they feel they belong to

Wooden houses built: 3.399 People hosted: 8.529 Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Reopening of schools

Starting September 21st, all the 17.567 students living in the area damaged by the earthquake 4/09/2009 were able to go back to school.

L’Aquila, Bertolaso: back in school on September 21st

L’Aquila: students are finally back in school: today 15 schools were opened again Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

Debriefing on the Abruzzo earthquake

1) To improve the Civil Protection operational management during theemergency; Aims 2) To define the priorities of the prevention and planning activities; 3) To identify possible improvements to the law system

1) To identify those activities that have been managed in a proper way, and turn them into operation Objectives procedures 2) To identify those activities that could not be managed in a proper way, to define the possible improvements, and turn them into operation procedures

1) analysis of the action strategy; 2) analysis of the technical – operational activities to be developed within the Department of civil Operational protection; modalities 3) analysis of the technical – operational activities to be developed with the help of all the administrations and structures involved in the management of the Abruzzo earthquake; 4) analysis of the action strategy and of the technical – operational activities with “key” …….

Constitution of a “Coordination Committee” that will involve the following structures: 1) Universities; 2) Offices and units of the Department of civil protection ; Organization 3) Experts of the Italian System of civil protection; 4) Administrations and structures involved in the management of the Abruzzo earthquake (i.e. the Operational structures  Italian Red Cross Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

An example of the possible involvement of the administrations and structures working for the Abruzzo earthquake emergency

Regions Army Management of the gathering Italian Red Cross areas Local authorities

. . .

Abruzzo Region Local health system Assistance to mentally and Italian Red Cross physically ill persons . . . Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

INTERNATIONAL EXERCISE Tuscany Earthquake Relief EXercise

“TEREX 2010”

STRENGTHENING OF EU CAPABILITY

TEREX 2010, forthcoming

Date: November 2010 Place of execution: Tuscany Lucca, Massa Carrara, Pistoia and Pisa Provinces Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

GENERAL INFORMATION – Participants The Italian National Service of Civil Protection Experts and Modules of Core Group Countries:

France Slovenia Croatia Austria

EU Monitoring Information Centre Observers: 1 unit for each of the remaining 22 EU Member States Other guests (EU applicant countries, UN organisations, NATO…)

Russian Federation Presidency of the Council of Ministers – Department of Civil Protection

ABRUZZO EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE ANALISY CIVIL PROTECTION AND E ITALIAN RED CROSS

THE ITALIAN CIVIL PROTECTION EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Castiglione delle Stiviere, June 23th 2010 Fabrizio Curcio