8190 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 by our public relations officials and the pub­ all threatening elements of modern life "(B) if a separate return is filed by one lic, insofar as military security permits. which are a menace to home, to free spouse and no return is filed. by the other / 5. Close integration of our land, sea, and spouse, or if a joint return is filed under sec­ institutions, and to a commanding tion 51 (b), only one credit not exceeding air 'forces has been accomplished in most democracy. We need Thee, 0 Christ, theaters and worlt:s extremely well. _ ~t points 40 percent of the Victory tax or $1,000, which- the way toward a_ sound post-war· military as a moral goal and impulse; for Thou ever is the lesser. · policy. Our military effort is well coordi­ alone art the hope of men and for the "(4) Dependents: For each dependent nated with that of our allie'3 in the areas liberation of humanity. specified in section 25 (b), excluding as a visited. Almighty God, as our country is dependent, in the case of a head of a family, 6. The United States has constructed huge destined to some tremendous undertak­ one who would be excluded under section.25 (b) (2) ·(B), an amount equal to 2 percent airfields all over the world at tremendous ing and the call is fiercely in earnest, we cost to our people. The use of some of these of the Victory tax or $100, whichever is the pray that all hindrances may be removed. lesser. fields in the future may be just as essential Free it from every · type of volcanic to our security as battleships or divisions. "(b) Change of status: If for any taxable We have no post-war rights of access to patriotism; we pray that we may be year the status of the taxpayer (other than a these fields outside the Western Hemisphere devout, industrious and sincere, meeting taxpayer who makes his return and pays his _ ·at the present time. These rights of access every challenge in the spirit of Jesus of tax under Supplement T) with respect to his are also indispensable to the vitally im- Nazareth; 0 help us to reassert His marital relationship or with respect to his de­ -portant growth of commercial aviation. code, once ridiculed and evaded. As Thy pendents, changed during the taxable year, 7. The need for parity in international the amount of the credit provided by this servants, heavenly Father, help us to section for such taxable year shall be ap­ communications is stressed in every theater. remember that each is but a unit in our Equalit-y in these cable and WiJ;'eless commu­ portioned, under rules and regulations pre­ n ications would sec::m· to be a fitting subject great human family, bound together by scribed by the Commissioner with the ap­ for consideration and possible reverse lend- ties so -delicately adjusted, that what proval of the Secretary, in accordance with lease. · · helps one helps all and what hurts one the number of months before and after such 8. A policy of relieving men overseas after hurts all; 0 let all differences dwindle change For the purpose of such apportion­ they have served a certain length of time into harmless and forgetable propor­ ment a fractional part of a month shall be would be in the interest of efficiency as well tions and may we quietly enter into the disregarded unles~ it amounts to more than half a month in which case it shall be con­ as conducive' to physical and mental wel­ realm of a larger and clearer service. fare. The committee is aware of the ship­ sidered as a month. ping problems which have created this sit- In our Redeemer's name. Amen. "(c) Status of Supplement T taxpayer: If . uation_. It believes that the shipping situ­ The Journal of the proceedings of for any taxable year a taxpayer makes his . ation is now improving. A definite promise Thursday, October 7, 1943, was read and return and pays his tax under Supplement T, to a man that after a certain length of time for the purpose of the credit proviQ.ed by this be will be replaced is a big morale factor. approved. section, his status f()r such year with respect 9. The need of a clear nation policy is MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT to his marital relationship or with .respect strikingly apparent. With such a policy to his dependents shall be determined in ac­ should go an American representation ab.road A message in writing from the Presi­ cordance with the provisions of section 401." 1n which our military, diplomatic, and busi­ dent of the United States was comrhuni­ SEc. 2. (a) Section· 454 of the Internal ness personnel work as a team, with appro- cated to the House by Mr. Miller, one of Revenue Code (relating to the post-war credit . priate international rank. We owe this to his secretaries. of Victory tax) is hereby repealed. ourselves and to the world. (b) Section 34 of the Internal. Revenue 10. The committee returns impired by the MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE . Code is amended by striking out "sections 453 bravery of our American fighting men and A message from the Senate. by Mr. and 454" and inserting in lieu thereof "sec- impressEd with the obstacles which they have Frazier, its legislative clerk, announced tion 453." , overcome. They are the products of a free (c) Section 456 of the Internal Revenue system of government, and their sacrifices are that the Senate had passed without Code (relating to-the 90-percent limit on the amendment a bill of the House of the a justification of our democratic way of life. t~x imposed by cha·pter 1) is amended to read Their courage should inspire us to leave no following title: as follows: stone unturned to be worthy of their sacrifice. H. R. 3291. An act to amend the National "SEc. 456. Limitation on Tax. RICHARD · B. RUSSELL. Housing Act, as amended. "The tax imposed by section 450 (Victory tax), computed without regard to the credits JAMES M. MEAD. CREDITS AGAINST THE VICTORY TAX ALBERT B. CHANDLER .. p'rovided in sections ~53 and 466 (e) , shall HENRY CABOT LODGE; Jr. Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, by direc­ not exceed the excess of 90 percent of· the net RALPH 0. BREWSTER. tion of the Committee on Ways and income of the taxpayer for the taxable year Means I ask unanimous consent for the over the tax imposed by this chapter, com­ MODERN EXPLORERS AND BIONEERS­ puted without regard to section 450 and with­ ADDRESS BY SENATOR present consideration of H. R. 3381, re­ out regard to the credits provided in sections lating to credits against the Victory tax, [Mr. WILEY asked and obtained leave to 31; 32, 35, and 4-66 ~e)." . have printed in the RECORD a radio address which I send to the desk. · SEc. 3. The amendments made by this a.ct entitled "Modern Explorers and Pioneers," de­ Tlie SPEAKER. The Clerk will report shall be applicable with respe~t to taxable livered by him on Thursday, October 7, 1943, the title of the bill. · years beginning after December 31, 1942. which appears in the Appendix.] . The Clerk reported the title of the bill. The SPEAKER. The question is on the The SPEAKER. · Is there objection to ADJOURNMENT TO TUESDAY engrossment and third reading of the the present consideration of the bill After 5 hours and 6 minutes spent de­ bill. There was· no objection. The bill was ordered to . be engrossed liberating with closed doors, on 'motion The Clerk read the bill, as follows: J:~.nd read a third time, was read the third of Mr. BARKLEY, the Senate, as in open Be it enacted, etc., That section 453 of the legislative session, adjourned (at 5 o'clock time, and passed, and a motion to recon- Internal Revenue Code (relating to the credit' sider was laid on the t~ble. · · and 18 minutes p.m.) to Tuesday, Octo­ against the Victory tax) is amended to read ber 12, 1943, at 12 o'clock meridian. as follows: · TIME FOR FILING APPLICATIONS FOR / "SEc. 453 . Credits Against Victory Tax. RELIEF OF EXCESS-PROFITS TAX "(a) Allowance of credit:· There shall be allowed as a credit against the Victory tax for Mr. DOUGHTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask each taxable year-- unanimous consent for the present con­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES " ( 1) Single persons: In the case of a single sideration of the bill

- " 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8197 · selves absolutely loyal to American prin­ der if he did not know that Japs who PROPOSED INVITATION TO CERTAIN ciples. I call attention to the fact that had been born there and had been receiv­ SENATORS TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE right at this moment there is in Sicily a ing the protection of the American Gov­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. combat team made up entirely of Ameri­ ernment all their lives, were out waving Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to cans of Japanese descent. I call atten­ flags and directing the enemy to attack address the House for 1 minute. tion to the fact that there has not been the American Fleet. The SPEAKER. Is there objection a single disloyal act of espionage or I wonder if he did not know that those to the request of the gentlewoman from sabotage on the .part of any American­ loathesome Japs who were born in Ha­ Massachusetts? born Japanese. I think it ill behooves a waii, and some of them born in Califor­ There was no objection. Member of this House when we are today nia, Washington, or Oregon; were driv­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr; fighting for the "four freedoms'' to speak ing their Fords and smashing the tails Speaker, on Thursday last I, with sev­ in such an intemperate, immoderate, and of those airplanes to keep our men from eral others, called attention to the im­ un-American way respecting loyal Amer­ going into the air to defend America portance of having the five Senators who icans of Japanese descent. from the most treacherous, damnable have just returned from the far-flung COMMITTEE ON WORLD WAR VE'f'ERANS' attacl{ the white man's civilization has battle fronts give the Members of the LEGISLATION ever known. House their findings regarding condi­ The SPEAKER. The time of .the gen­ tions on the battle fronts. I understand Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask tleman from Mississippi has expired. unanimous consent that I may have there is some objection to having them until midnight tonight to file some re­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS appear in the House Chamber. I hope ports from the Committee on World Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask the gentleman from Mississippi and War Veterans' Legislation. unanimous consent to extend my own some of the other Members will join in The SPEAKER. Is there objection to remarks in the RECORD, and include asking them to appear in the Caucus the request of the gentleman from .Mis­ therein a verse from a constituent. - Room. Then we can all have the bene.:. fit of their valuable information. It sissippi? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to does not matter where we hear tbeir tes­ There was no objection. . the request of the gentleman from Penn­ timony so long as we hear it. EXTENSION OF REMARKS sylvania? Mr. RANKIN. If the gentlewoman There was no objection. Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask will yield, let me say that these are unanimous consent -that the gentleman THE TREASURY TAX PROPOSAL Members of the United Stat"es Senate. from Mississippi [Mr. COLMER] be per­ Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask They have the privilege . of the floor. mitted to extend his own remarks in the unanimous consent to address the House We have a perfect right to invite them RECORD and include therein a statement for 1 minute and to revise and extend here to address the Members of the of Dr. Felix J. Underwood, of the Public my remarks. House in secret session. We want them Health Department of Mississippi The SPEAKER. Is there objection to to come here and give us the benefit of against the so-called Wagner bill that the request of the gentleman from Penn­ the information they have garnered in proposes to socialize the medical pro­ sylvania? their trip to the various battle fronts of fession of this country. There was no objection. the world. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, the Treas­ Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Has the request of the gentleman from Mis­ the gentleman consulted the Speaker ury tax proposal for the liquidation of and the leaders about it? · sissippi? the middle-income group is certainly There was no objection. Mr. RANKIN. I have, and I think tough enough. On the other hand, its that when the resolution is offered they DISLOYAL AMERICANS OF JAPANESE scheme of post-war credits shows a will agree that this is the place to have DESCENT "sissy-pants" attitude toward the meet­ them. Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask ing of the tax problem. This is no more The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks it unanimous consent to address the House nor less than a plan to allow our soldiers, is time for the Chair to make a state­ for 1 minute and to /revise and extend when they return, to bear a part of the ment, because this matter was discussed my remarks. civilian tax bill which ought to be paid with the Chair by the gentlewoman The SPEAKER. Is there objection to presently. When 10,000,000 soldiers re­ from Massachusetts [Mrs. RoGERS], last the request of the gentleman from Mis- · turn, with their families they will con­ week, and the gentleman from Missis­ sissippi? stitute perhaps 40,000,000 American sippi [Mr. RANKIN], over the phone. There was no objection. citizens. They will be given an oppor­ The Chair does not intend to recognize Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, in a mo­ tunity to contribute their tax money to a Member to ask unanimous consent for ment I am going to offer a resolution to repay a part of the civilian tax burden the present consideration of a resolution invite the Senators who have been to which ought to be borne here and · now inviting Senators to address the House in the Far East to come here to address the by the home-front taxpayers. I say open or- executive session, because the House in secret session. We are entitled that is a reproach to the leaders of the Chair thinks that is tantamount to an to that information. country. amendment to the rules of the House Let me reply now to the gentleman The Morgenthau plan for the liquida­ and, therefore, is a matter for the House from Pennsylvania [Mr. EBERHARTER]. tion of middle income's contains not a to determine. If resolutions like that are I am not .willing to sit here and hear word about elimination of waste or about introduced, they will be sent to the him call un-American the statement savings through governmental economy. proper committee. made by the distinguished gentleman The will to fight waste does not exist in Mr. RANKIN. A parliamentary in­ from California [Mr. ELLIOTT], who is the executive department. quiry, Mr. Speaker. not now on the floor. The returning solaiers will become the The SPEAKER. The gentleman will The gentleman from Pennsylvania backbone of our economic life during the state it. says no American-born Jap has ever next few decades. The executive branch Mr. RANKIN. Of course, the Speaker been found to be disloyal. I wonder if of the Government proposes that we has a right to refuse to recognize me he does not know that some of those ask our soldiers after the war to con­ for that purpose, but I think if the Speak­ American-born Japs -signaled to give tribute from their earnings to pay back er will investigate the rules he will find those brutal J aps our range while they to civilians the taxes the civilians paid that we have a right to invite those men were bombing Pearl Harbor in violation while the soldiers were told they were to come here to address the Members in of all the rules of war and in disregard fighting for the "four freedoms" or the the House. of all the laws of God and man. Atlantic Charter. They were not told The SPEAKER. The Chair has al­ I wonder if he did not know that those they were fighting to repay our 1944 tax ready investigated that and finds it is loathesome Japs were wearing rings bill. otherwise. Members of the Senate have showing that they had graduated from Are we going to ask our soldiers to pay the privilege of the floor, but they do not American institutions at the time they our taxes and our grandchildren to pay have the privilege of addressing the were shot down at Pearl Harbor. I won- · our grocery bills? House of Representatives. 8198 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 Mr. HOFFM:AN. Mr. Speaker, a par­ E:X:TENSION OF REMARKS a ride by those who will be business com­ liamentary inquiry. Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. petitors when the war is over. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS state it. tend my remarks in the RECORD and in­ Mr. SAUTHOFF. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. HOFFMAN. Would it be within clude a recent resolution adopted by the the rules to have a recess, as we do when unanimous consent to extend my re­ Lions CJub of Endicott, N.Y. marks in the RECORD and include an edi­ foreign potentates and rulers.come here, The SPEAKER. Is there objection? and have the Senators come over and torial. There was no objection.· The SPEAKER. Is there objection? talk to us? Mr. LEFEVRE. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. The SPEAKER. If the House stands unanimous consent to extend my re­ In recess at· that time. Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask marks in the REcORD and include an edi­ unanimous consent to extend my re­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS torial from today's New York Herald marks and include an article from the Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ Tribune. State Journal. imous consent to extend my own re­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? The SPEAKER. Is there objection? marks in the RECORD and include therein There was no objection. There was no objection. a recent brief statement issued by the Mr. STOCKMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. WHITE. Mr. Speaker, I ask Missouri Farm Labor Committee on the unanimous consent that the gentlema,n unanimous consent to extend my own farm situation in Missouri. from Vermont [Mr. PLUMLEY] may ex­ remarks and include a plan for world The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tend his remarks in the RECORD and in­ order, and I ask in that connection that the request of the gentleman from Mis­ sert an article from . it appear with the capitalizing and the souri? The SPEAKER. Is there objection? form in which it is presented. There was no objection. Tliere was no objection. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. POULSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask .There was no objection. unanimous consent to extend my own re­ unanimous consent to extend my re­ MARSHALL FIELD marks in the RECORD. marks in the RECORD. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. SABA TH. Mr. Speaker, I ask There was no objection. There was no objection. unanimous consent to address the House Mr. J. LEROY JOHNSON. Mr. for 1 minute and to revise and extend LEAVE TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ my remarks. Mr. POULSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask tend my remarks and include an edi­ The SPEAKER. Without objection, it unanimous consent that after the special torial. is so ordered .. orders today I be permitted to address The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There was no objection. the House for 10 minutes. There w:;1s no· objection. Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, it is to The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Speaker, I ask be regretted that the gentleman from There was no objection. . unanimous consent to extend my re­ Mississippi without any reason; cause, or marks in two particulars, in one to in­ justification continues to assail and at­ EXTENSION. OF REMARKS clude a radio broad~ast by Up1;on Close, tack one of our most honorable citizens, Mr. MONKIEWICZ. Mr. Speaker, I and also by Norman Thomas. Mr. Marshall Field III, whom I have had a~k unanimous consent to extend my re­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? the honor and distinction to know per­ marks in the RECORD and include a letter There was no objection. sonally, and whose distinguished grand­ from the commissioner of education of LEAVE TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE father, one of the foremost American Connecticut, and certain schedules. citizens of his time, I was privileged to The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ know. The gentleman from Mississippi There was no objection. · imous consent that after the close of the a~ain harps that Mr. Marshall Field III legislative business of October 12, I be came into possession of $75,000,noo and NO CHANGE IN THE DESIGN OF THE permitted to address the House for 30 that the terms of the will in which he is AMERICAN FLAG minutes. the beneficiary were so drawn that he Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? will not be required to pay an inheritance Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ There was no objection. or income tax. If the gentleman were dress the House for 1 minute. EXTENSION OF REMARKS fair in this matter he would not so often The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask make these unwarranted statements. There was no objection. unanimous consent to .extend my remarks The fact is that the grandfather of Mr. Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL. Mr. in the RECORD and include certain mate­ Field drew the will years and years be­ Speaker, when I returned home and can­ rial. fore the income, inheritance, or estate vassed my district this past summer the The SPEAKER. Is there objection? tax laws were enacted. thing which inspired me most of all was There was no objection. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Marshall Field III is the opposition expressed by people every­ one of the very few rich Americans who where to any proposed change in the PROPOSED ADDRESS OF SENATORS came into great wealth in an honorable American :flag or substituting for it some Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask and honest manner and has at no time other :flag of different design.- I under­ unanimous consent to proceed for 1 min­ to my_knowledge or to the knowledge of stand there is a committee afoot dedi­ ute to ask a question. the gentleman from Mississippi avoided cated to giving us a new banner in place The SPEAKER. Is there objection? the payment of his taxes whatever they of our beloved :flag. I wish to serve notice There was no objection. may have been: He is a real patriotic - on those who are stirring up dissatisfac­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask American who is not hoarding his money, tion with the red, white, and blue-if the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. but is expending it in the interest of the they can find any dissatisfaction-that, RANKIN] and the Member from Massa­ masses, the underprivileged, and the as far as I personally go as a Representa­ chusetts [Mrs. RoGERS] what good it will wage earner. tive in this House and of the people that I do to have the Senators come over here Only a few years ago there was built serve, those loyal and patriotic Ameri­ and tell us what they found in their in Chicago by the Field estate with his cans back home, I shall fight with every travels inasmuch as the House has al­ approval a great housing project at a ounce of my energy to keep intact the ready without knowing the facts passed cost of over $25,000,000, as I recollect, present design of the Stars and Stripes. the Fulbright resolution committing us providing better living quarters for the Old Glory has flown over this victorious to certain participation·in a super world poor people of that city. On the day and prosperous country for 160 years, . government. . that the gentleman from Mississippi last and she must never . be hauled down. Mr. RANKIN. I thought the gentle­ assailed Mr. Marshall Field III, Mr. Field Let me repeat, I am against any proposed man from Michigan might need some came into possession of this wealth and change in the American :flag. light. purchased $10,000,000 worth of United The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Some of us knew States War bonds. Does the gentleman tleman from New York has expired. long ago that we were being taken for from Mississippi know any one of the /

1943 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-HOUSE 8199 many millionaires who has done likewise the rule is violated by Members address­ national horizon-a day when all the or even bought half as much as M . ing other Members as "you" instead of Allies can join with China in salute to Field III? "the gentleman from," it would be a her national flag-a white sun with 12 Mr. Speaker, from the speeches made wearisome task. rays on a blue sky in a red field-flying by the gentleman from Mississippi here­ Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, I did ask high over China-in glorious victory. tofore it has been made clear that he before to revise and extend my remarks. China-on your Independence Day­ dislikes Mr. Field III because his two Mr. RANKIN. A point of order, Mr. we salute you. publications, PM and the Chicago Sun, Speaker. EXTENSION OF REMARKS have fearlessly printed the truth. These The SPEAKER. The gentleman will papers have advocated justice for those state it. Mr. JONES. Mr. Speaker, I ask that are being discriminated against. Mr. RANKIN. The gentleman's time unanimous consent to extend my re­ We in Chicago for years had only one has already expired. marks in the RECORD and include a letter morning newspaper, which was ex­ .The SPEAKER. The Chair has al­ from the Comptroller General and two tremely antagonistic and unfair to Pres- ready stated that. articles from the Washington Time·s­ /ident Roosevelt, to the New Deal, and to Herald. the Democratic Party in general. There­ CHINESE INDEPENDENCE DAY The SPEAKER. Is there objection. fore Chicago warmly welcomed· the Chi­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I There was no objection. cago Sun and was grateful to Mr. Field ask unanimous consent to address the PROCEDURE IN THE HOUSE OF that he had given the city another House for 1 minute. REPRESENTATIVES morning newspaper. The gentleman The SPEAKER. Is there objection? from Mississippi charges that Mr. Field There was no objection. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask is publishing these newspapers at a great Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, the unanimous consent to address the House ­ loss because such loss can be deducted fathers of our country established for us for 1 minute and to extend niy remarks from his income tax, .but the gentleman a free Government untrammeled by any and include a copy of a letter I have knows that these newspapers were estab­ suggestion of the despotic. America received. lished several years before he came into fought for and fights to retain our pre­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection? possession of this $75,000,000 inheritance cious heritage. Thirty-two years ago There was no objection. which he admits is not subject to the the children .of our brave ally China in Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I have just present income-tax law. a revolutionary uprising which ended "in been wondering what the occupants of Mr. Speaker, unlike most of our mil­ the overthrow of the Manchu monarchy·, the gallery think of the procedure and lionaires and rich men, Mr. Field is not began a battle for tpe establishment of ·the scene which they have had to witness endeavoring to accumulat.e greater a republic of China which might enjoy .for the last 30 minutes.· I honestly be­ wealth or make more money. He is the three people's principles-the princi­ ·lieve that if the majority leadership spending his income and even part of his ple of the people's nation, the principle would rise to the occasion and present a capital, as I have stated, in the interest of the people's rights, the principle of constructive program, such scenes would - of the masses. It seems to me that the the people's livelihood. Yesterday the not be witnessed by the galleries. gentleman from Mississippi must know Chinese people, grim, determined, and The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ thai Mr. Marshall Field III, unlike most confident celebrated in manner befitting tleman from Pennsylvania has expired. of our rich men, is unselfish. China's Independence Day. China, our As to the statements of the gentleman friend, under the brilliant leadership of REPEAL OF THE CHINESE EXCLUSION from Mississippi that I am trying to pro:­ Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, so ably LAW-MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT tect Mr. Field, that statement is just as supported by his gracious wife, who by OF THE UNITED STATES (H. DOC. NO. 333) unwarranted as his charges are against the force of her sincerity and charm The SPEAKER laid before the House Mr. Field. He, by the way, does not need won the hearts of all Americans, paused the following message from the Presi­ any defense at my hands. -in the continuing battle for Chinese dent of the United States which was read : Mr. Speaker, since I have been a Mem­ ideals to pay tribute to Sun Yat-sen, her· by the Clerk and referred to the Commit­ ·ber of this House I have urged and ad­ first Provisional President, .and his fol­ tee on Immigration and Naturalization, vocated higher income, inheritance, and lowers wpo have striven so loyally to and ordered to be printed: estate taxes, and am urging now high reach the glorious objective of their gov­ excess-profits taxes and a high~ tax on ernment-a full-fledged ·constitutional To the Congress ot the United States: the profits of war profiteers. I have republic. Independence Day means to .There is now pending before the Con­ spoken and voted against joint income­ America a day of joyous thanksgiving gress legislation to permit the immigra­ tax returns and voted for single tax re­ for a freedom by revolution that is rast. tion of Chinese people into this country -turns, and I am ready to compare my China celebrates her Independence Day and to allow Chinese residents here to record on that score with that of the with joy for the victories of yesterday become American citizens. I regard this gentleman from Mississippi. and hope in the final victory of tomor­ legislation as important in the cause of In conclusion i wish to say that I re­ row. Her revolution for the obtaining winning the war and of establishing a gret I was again obliged to answer the of that political democracy when her secure peace. · gentleman from Mississippi, and I hope government will be handed over to her China is our ally. For many long years · it will not be necessary for me to do so people continues until that day of her she stood alone in the fight against ag­ again. I trust that the gentleman from realization of republican nationality. gression. Today we fight at her side. Mississippi will realize that there are The world well knows this history uf She has continued her gallant struggle many of us who could assail the news­ China-and particularly America, against very great od.ds. papers that attack us progressive Demo­ strong, virile, and rich, feels keenly the China has understood that the straf­ crats, but I for one believe in freedom of suffering and the sorrow that . follows ery of victory in this world war first re­ ·the press, freedom of speech, and, yes, the blood shed by Chinese for the attain­ quired the concentration of the greater . freedom of religion, and I hope that the ment of her full glory. The people of part of our str.ength upon the European gentleman from Mississippi knows that the United States have a lasting feeling front. She has understood that the our Constitution so provides. of -friendship and respect for the people amount of supplies we could make avail­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, a point of China. They know that now and able to her has been limited by difficul­ of order: aFter victory China will play a major ties of transportation. She knows that The SPEAKER. ·The gentleman will part in the development of the post-war substantial aid will be forthcoming as state it. world. Americans all desire that every­ soon as possible-aid not only in the Mr. HOFFMAN. The gentleman from thing possible be done to give General­ form of weapons and supplies but also is violating the rules by referring issimo Chiang Kai-shek and his brave in carrying out plans already made for to the Member from Mississippi as "you." men maximum assistance in her heroic offensiv~. effective action. We and our The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ struggle. Americans all look upward allies will aim our forces at the heart of . tleman from Illinois has expired. through the blackness of war nights with Japan in ever-increasing strength until The Chair will state that if the Chair strong hope that a new day of peace on the common enemy is driven from called attention to each and every time earth will soon break across this inter- China's soil. 8200 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . OCTOBER 11 But China's resistance does not depend sidies is one of the principal domestic about a roll-back in order to decrease alone on guns and planes and on attacks problems confronting Congress as well the retail price on meat you are talking on land, on the sea, and from the air. as the people of this country at the about a very small proportion of the It is based as much in the spirit of her present time. This problem has been expenditure by consumers. Do not people and her faith in her allies. We discussed on the floor of the House and forget the 6,000,000 farmers in this coun­ owe it to the Chinese to strengthen that through the press from various angles try are also consumers of all kinds of faith. One step in this direction is to and with divergent views. goods, and do not forget they are not wipe from the statute books those an­ It is agreed the most important thing worldng on a guaranteed or cost-plus achronisms in our law which forbid the is that we have the largest food supply basis. immigration of Chinese people into this than can be produced to take care of the Now I want to direct your attention to country and wl:'J.ich bar Chinese residents demand of the armed forces as well as the manner in which the so-called roll­ from American citizenship. civilian requirements and commitments back of prices, ~ffected the cattle indus­ Nations, like individuals, make mis­ to our allies . and to the starving people try when put mto effect a few months / takes . . We must be big enough to ac­ across the sea. Supplies ought to be ago. The 0. P. A. decided meat prices knowledge our mistakes of the past and furnished at a price commensurate with were too high, especially beef. With­ to correct them. other costs to the ultimate consumer. No out apparently taking into consideration By the repeal of the Chinese exclusion American interested in the welfare of beef supplies for the future and the need laws we can correct a historic mistake his country wants inflation or exorbitant for encouraging production and without and silence the distorted Japanese prop­ prices for the things he sells. I do not considering whether livestock owners aganda. The enactment of legislation think the producer should nor does he would lose thereby, an order went out _ now pending before the Congress would want to demand anything except a fair directing a roll-back on meat prices. put Chinese immigrants on a parity with share of the Nation's income for his labor It was said, of course, the difference those from other countries. The Chi­ in prod'Cteing food compared with what would be made up in subsidies. What nese quota would, therefore, be only he is required to pay for the things he happened? The meat packers imme­ about 100 immigrants a year. There can needs to buy. Everything possible and diately pushed the price bacl~ $1 to $2 be no reasonable apprehension that any reasonable should be done to encourage per 100 pounds on live cattle. The reduc­ such number of immigrants will cause and meet the increased demand for food tion went back all the way down the line. unemployment or provide competition supplies of the next year. Officials in The farmer and the livestock raiser, of in the search for jobs. high places have conceived the idea course, took the loss. ~egardless of The extension of the privileges of cit­ that rather than permit certain farm statements to the contrary, there are izenship to the relatively few Chinese products to bring a price in line thousands of livestock feeders who have residents in our country would operate with the cost of production that t:P,ey been selling their cattle on the markets as another meaningful display of friend­ should hold the line by using money from during the past few months at a sub­ ship. It would be additional proof that the-Federal Treasury to pay the differ­ stantial-loss. This, notwithstanding the we regard China not -only as a partneP. ence between the amount received for fact that their Government claims it in waging war but that we shall regard food and the cost of producing it, and wants to encourage an increase in the her as a partner in days of peace. While this disregards the fact the Nation's in­ production of food. Discouraging pros-. it would give the Chinese a preferred come is the largest in history. This pects for cattle prices in the future with status over certain other oriental people, money is of course tal~en from Federal little incentive to finish cattle in the their great contribution to the cause of taxes and the sale of War bonds. It feeding pens, the markets of our coun­ decency and freedom entitles them to ought to be observed right here, too, that try have been crowded with cattle during such preference. our Government formerly paid subsidies the past several weeks. Three weeks I feel confident that the Congress is in to keep prices up, now we have that ago there were more cattle on the prin­ full agreement that these measures­ thing reversed. It is proposed to pay cipal markets of this country than we long overdue-should be taken to cor­ subsidies to keep them down. The pro- had in more than 25 years. ·Let me give rect an injustice to our friends. Action . posal is for two and a half billion dollars you some recent figures. Beginning by the Congress now will be an earnest to support the program for next year. with September 13 and ending with Sep­ of our purpose to apply the policy of the It is obvious that unless this. money is tember 27 this year, there were 861,400 ~ good neighbor to our relations with other paid immediately from increased income cattle sold on our 12 principal markets. peoples. taxes that it will be added to the national Only a lear ago the figure for the same FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, debt so the boys who are now abroad in period was 759,400. Thousands of these THE WHITE HOUSE, Octob~r 11, 1943. our armed forces will have a chance to cattle went to slaughter that should have PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE help pay our grocery bills. gone to the feeding yards· where they The farmers and producers of this could be finished. The paralyzing of the Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. Mr. livestock market by the 0. P. A. will un­ Speaker, I wish to withdraw my request country have taken a lot of unjust criti­ cism with respect to the higher costs of doubtedly show·up in a shortage of meat to address the House today under a living. The cost of living is the total within the next year. special order·, and I ask unanimous con­ of things the consumer buys-food, Mr. MONRONEY. Mr. Speaker, will se.at that I be permitted to do so on the gentleman yield? next Thursday. clothing, electric-light bills, transporta­ The SPEAKER. Without objection, it tion, taxes, insurance, doctor bills, and Mr. REES of Kansas. I yield to the is .so ordered. necessities and luxuries for which they gentleman from Oklahoma. There was no objection. spend their money. Food is ad impor­ . Mr. MONRONEY. The gentleman Mr. MILLER of Connecticut. Mr. tant item, and yet on the average of the from Kansas is always so fair in his Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that Nation at large only 21 percent of the statements and covers so completely the on Thursday I be permitted to address consumer's income, according to the Bu­ subject matter, I believe he will agree the House for 30 minutes, at the conclu­ reau of Agricultural Economics Bulletin with me, since we come from nearly the Si0n of any other special orders hereto- of March 1943, was spent for food. Fur­ same section of the country, that a terri­ fore entered. · · thermore, this 21 percent does not all fic drought which hit our respective The SPEAKER. Without objection, it go to the farmer. He gets about 55 per­ southwest cattle-raising districts had is so ordered. cent of the 21 cents. The rest of it goes something to do with the enormous There was no objection. to retailers, wholesalers, processors, dis­ cattle movement to market. · The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under tributors, transportation, license fees, Mr. REES of Kansas. Yes, that is previous order of the House, the gentle­ taxes, and so forth. They all come out true; and part of them came from his man from Kansas [Mr. REES] ts recog­ before the farmer gets his money, so of State, but if the cattlemen could have nized for 15 minutes. the 21 cents of the consumer's dollar for purchased feed they might have pro­ food the farmer gets about 11% cents tected themselves to some. extent. The THE FOOD PROGRAM or 12 cents. Furthermore, less than gentleman from Oklahoma who, after all, Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, one-fourth of the consumer's food resides in the city and not in the coun­ the question of payment of food sub- dollar is paid for meat, so when you talk try, if he were familiar with the ques- 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8201 tion, would realize that if the cattle and children remaining at home will ever, promise to be so quiet from now on growers could have obtained some cot­ work from dawn to sunset in an effort to because even though• a new Member ·1 tonseed, or some other kind of protein reach the goal, but Mr. Speaker, if we desire to have some small part in making feed at fair prices they could have car­ expect a maximum production in this a few constructive suggestions as to wha.t ried their cattle a little lbnger and it country it is certainly not unreasonable ought to be accomplished in the next would not have been necessary to ship to suggest that the farmers of this coun­ year. I follow the gentfeman from. . so many of them to the market. They try be given a little encouragement by Kansas [Mr. REES] and shall speak on. would not have been so hard pressed assuring them that they may have fair subsidies and food production. during the past season. But there was prices for their products and reasonable From recent press reports and the no incentive to hold them, so they sold pay for services rendered and that they hearing before the Banking and · Cur­ and took a loss.. may have reason to believe that while rency Committee it is understood that -. Mr. MONRONEY. Will the gentle­ they are doing their best to provide one the War Food Administration is about man yield for another question? of the most important products required to ask Congress for an appropriation to Mr. REES of Kansas. Not now. for the winning of this war that they carry on an extensive subsidy program. Mr. Speaker, the farmer just cannot can be protected against roll-backs and It has attempted the subsidy program in understand why at this time he is re- · any other interferences on the part of the face of the emphatic opposition of quired to accept a reduction of from $1 our Government. The farmer does not Congress. The administration has been to $3 per 100 pounds for his cattle and want inflation. He knows it will injure urging a subsidy program against the sustain a substantial loss in his efiort him more than anyone else. He just wishes of nearly all of the farm organiza­ to produce food for the armed forces and wants a fair price and a little encourage­ tions in this country. I wish someone civilian use. He does not see that reduc­ ment to produce ~n abundance of food, could explain why the bureaus, who have tion reflected in the price of meat on the and food after all is necessary in the the food program to administer, do not retail counter. Neither can he under­ winning of this war. follow the considered judgment and ad­ stand why he should sell cattle in Kansas Mr. MONRONEY. Mr. Speaker, will vice of the men out on the firing line City for $13 per 100 that "kills out" about the gentleman yield? who have the pnictica,.l knowledge of the 50 percent when the product sells in New Mr. REES of Kansas. I yield to the food production and distribution. These York or Philadelphia or Washington for gentleman from Oklahoma. various groups are consulted but gener­ 60 to 90 cents per pound if you can get it. Mr. MONRONEY. The gentleman ally their advice is not followed. Mr. Speaker, we do not hear of roll­ from Kansas has mentioned several In the face of the impending admini­ back on anything else except as affects strative bill which will soon be intro­ times in his speech that the Government duced upon the subject I wish to call the farmer. You do not see it reflected rolled the prices back on the farmer, and in the hotels or eating houses. The the attention of the House and the coun­ the reason, the gentleman understands, try to the fact that the experience so menu card on railroad trains and hotels does he not, was the effort on the part says and I quote, "The prices of our far of subsidies in the food program has of the Government to prevent the farmer been one causing confusion and a restric­ meals are the ceiling price at the highest from taking a loss after the Government price quoted by tion in the amount of food produced. our establishment be­ had made an effort to reduce retail The Members of Congress have re­ tween February 1 and April 15, 1943.'' prices? cently returned from their districts, the Mr. Speaker, let m~ call your attention Mr. REES of Kansas. The gentleman food-producing sections of the country, to some further figures. I quote from from Oklahoma knows full well, being reflecting the thinking of their own con­ my local paper in the community where familiar with the reports-and I am sur­ stituents, are more than ever opposed to I live. This is of last Friday. The price prised that he has made the -suggestion­ the administration's subsidy program. paid for 'butter to the farmer for first he knows full well that the 0. P. A. has This un-American policy, in the payment grade, 48 cents; for second grade. 45 · reduced the price of retail meats and of subsidies, is bound to do a great deal cents. In Washington it is about 70 thereby reduced the price of livestock in of harm to the producers and the con­ cents. The farmer in my community the markets. If he will examine the sumers of food in this country. gets for his eggs from 36 to 40 cents a market reports he will see that on the We have heard a great deal about the dozen. If you buy these same eggs from principal cattle markets last summer, the holding of the line, which is a nice sound­ the retailer in Washington they cost day the price was rolled back, the market ing phrase, but I think we should exam­ from 65 to 75 cents per dozen. on cattle went down a dollar a hundred . ine the facts as to who is holding the line Mr. Speaker, since it is agreed that or more in Chicago, Kansas City, Omaha, in the production of food. This line an adequate supply of food is our first and other points where livestock was seems to have a hook and the farmers of consideration and since it certainly sold, and that loss has never been re­ the country are the ones that are being should be agreed that the farmer and covered. As a matter of fact, it went on hooked. Let me present this bit of evi­ producer are entitled to a fair compen­ further down, and the same class of dence. The Bureau of Agricultural Eco­ sation for his services, I do not believe livestock sold at that time is now selling nomics and the Bureau of Labor Statis­ the payment of a subsidy from the Fed­ for at least $2 a hundred less. Those tics concurring have released figures on eral Treasury is the method by which lower prices are not reflected in the re­ income and expenses in the production this problem should be solved. In:. tail price of meat and neither has the of food. They show without dispute that creased production will do more to stop farmer received any subsidy; neither the cost of food is not the principal fac­ inflation than anything else. If we can­ does he want the subsidy that the gen­ tor in a rising price level. . In comparing not pay our grocery bills ndw we will tleman from Oklahoma refers to. He inpustrial production with factory pay certainly have a tough time doing it just does not believe he should sustain rolls and with living costs which include after this crisis is over. Our income will a loss. I do not think so either. food costs they find that labor costs per be smaller and the demand will be If any subsidy was paid it must have unit of industrial production have in­ greater. We ought not to ask someone gone to the packers and processors. creased 65.6 percent while retail food else to help us pay these bills. Does the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under prices -have· advanced by 39 percent. average American citizen want the Gov­ previous order of the House the gentle­ These figures were as of July 1943. The ernment to help him pay his food bills man from Nebraska [Mr. MILLER] is rec­ cost of living has increased 24 percent. when the money is needed for our ships ognized for 20 minutes. The amount of increased labor costs in and planes and food for our armed forces SUBSIDIES VERSUS FOOD PRODUCTION the things we buy provides an accurate as well as the Allies abroad? I do not measure of how much labor is contribut­ think so. Let us not permit this to be Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. Mr. Speak­ ing to rising prices. The increased labor another case of too little and too late. er, this is the first time in the 9 months costs per unit of production is no doubt Mr. Speaker, the farmers of this coun­ I have served in the House that I have due to a combination of increased wages, try will do everything possible to meet asked the indulgence of this body for a time and a half for overtime and the the requirements of the expanded pro­ special order. Perhaps I have been slow-downs. Farm costs increase with gram of the War Food Administration. mindful of the Chinese proverb: "Even the cost of industrial production and the They will do it in spite of the handicaps a fool may rise to great heights if he cost of farm labor. We have no accurate that face them. They and their wives keeps his mouth shut." I do not, how- figures on farm costs because there was a 8202 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 failure to include farm wages in the par­ processors, distributors, and the con­ ing deceptive and unworkable. It was ity formula. The Bureau of Agricultural sumers. They adopted the following attacked as a fraud which would pass Economics shows that the increase in recommendations: the cost of everyo~e·s grocery bill on earnings in all lines of industries since 1. Fair prices at the market place instead to the. men who would soon return from Pearl Harbor with a few exceptions, like of the present system of subsidies which tend the armed forces. They stated: those engaged in water transportation in to place food production and distribution 1. That food subsidies represent a con­ war zones, that the greatest increase of under bureaucratic control. stantly increasing public debt which will be wages has been that of farm workers. 2. That no roll-back of prices be financed transferred in a large part to our fighting The increased costs in retail food and out of Government funds and no subsidies forces, the majority of whom are serving for either direct or by subterfuge be paid. $50 per month. the cost of living is reflected both in the 3. Obtain maximum production as the ~ things farmers buy and in the labor they 2. Food 'SUbsidies are inflationary. Print­ best means ·to halt inflation. Protect con­ ing bonds to pay for foods is -not like printing hire. The things the farmers buy and sumers against the .further growth of black currency to pay for governmental experi­ that which goes into the production of markets. ments. food has gone up. With the increased 4. When increased production is requested 3. Food subsfd.ies imply that the Govern­ amount that labor now receives in com­ by the Government, floor prices must be ment intends to share more or less perma­ parison to the cost of food it seems un­ guaranteed on all such ·commodities, to in­ nently the payment of grocery bills for its usual that labor leaders .should continue sure against loss those assuming such war citizens without regard for their capacity t o to attack agriculture and demand . roll­ risks. pay for their own way through life. 5. Timely provisions for skilled labor, nec­ 4. The milk subsidy which is being worked bacl{S in food prices. If the s_ubsidy is a essary machinery, supplies, and equipment remedy, which we doubt, then we should out on the basis of individual· subsidy pay­ must be made. ments to some 3,000,000 producers of milk start where the trouble lies and roll back 6. Unification of the whole food-produc­ will strengthen bureaucratic control over the wages so it can begin to cut down the tion, processing, and distribution program, life of our farm people. The terms and con­ costs of ptoduction. I am not advocat­ in one GQvernment agency. · ditions of receiving a subsidy constitutes the ing such a move but suggest that as an Mr. MUNDT. Mr. Speaker, will the exercise of policing power not contemplated infla.,tion curb it would be much sounder by existing laws. Government by regulation gentleman yield? is constantly supplanting government by than that of rolling back farm prices. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. I yield. A subsidy in farm prices stifles produc­ law. Government by regulation repeatedly Mr. MUNDT. I want to congratulate emerges into government by fear. tion. It provides the already swollen the gentleman on the splendid state­ purse of the public with additional funds. ment he is making. He is giving the Mr. Speaker, the idea of subsidies is This is definitely inflationary. House some ir.r:efutable facts in the form just as un-American as is the idea of . If one analyzes the figures from the of statistics. monopoly. It is the very essence of bu­ Bureau of Labor Statistics it shows that I think it should be emphasized at this reaucracy. Under. it government be­ in June 1943 the average weekly earn­ point in view of the fact that future comes the master instead of the servant ings of laoor stood at an index of 163. generations of taxpayers are going to of the people. If persisted in it will de­ The cost of living index was 124. It resent bitterly the political trick of stroy free enterprise. further shows that the living-index costs charging them with today's grocery bill. Mr. · RAMEY. Mr. Speaker, will the have only gone up 24 points since Jan­ I think we should emphasize the fact gentleman yield? - uary 1941 while- the wages of the work­ that the stigma for that should not fall Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. I yield. ing man have gone up 63 points. If the on the farmers; the farmers are not Mr. RAMEY. After all, does not a analysis of this Bureau is correct, and asking for food subsidies, it is a little subsidy really mean taking it off the they should be, it would seem that farm coterie of New Deal politicians attempt­ grocery bill but putting it on the tax bill prices should be permitted to go up and ing to pass it on to the people. This plus administrative expenses? And the this would make a further subsidy to should be clear in the RECORD. administrative expenses are what eat up the consumers of foods unnecessary. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. I thank money. ' The further thought on holding the the. gentleman from South Dakota for Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. That is line the cattle feeders of Nebraska and his contribution. correct. Iowa points to the following examples in Mr. S}:)ea-ker, there is a program in a , Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, will the the cost of their feed operations. In nutshell which will solve many of the gentleman yield? eastern Nebraska corn will cost close to ills in our food program. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. I yield. $1 per bushel where a year ago it was The production and distribution of Mr. SHORT. I want to congratulate 65 to 70 cents. The protein feeds which food in this country has always been on the gentleman on the very able address now are almost unattainable will cost the basis of free enterprise. The Ameri­ he is making. Is it not furthermore true from $65 to $30 a ton. A year ago they can farmer with his access to market that the farmer as well as every other were $45 a ton. Labor costs are $100 conditions by radio and through the citizen of the United States will be taxed a month plus extras, while a year ago press has learned to gauge his produc­ in order to pay these subsidies? it was $65. There are many other items tion program to consumers' demand. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. That is cor­ in the cost of feeding such as salt and The American farmers know just as well, rect. hay that have greatly advanced. yes, a great deal better than the bu­ · Mr. SHORT. So that. the roll-back The cattlemen have passed a set of reaucrats of Washington the type of program should really be .called the roll­ resolutions which in general state that food his land can best raise. He knows under program, because it plows the the uncertainty which exists among cat­ his equipment, his labor problems. He farmer under; it does not roll him ·back, tle feeders and producers comes from the should be assured a floor under the food it rolls him under. activities and attitudes of certain Gov­ that he is· raising. There should be a Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. That is cor­ ernment agencies. The cattle producers ceiling to keep the food from going too rect; I thank the gentleman. and feeders would like to have a definite high. Then if the farmers are given Subsidies do not prevent inflation, they statement as to what is wanted in the the price incentive along with the neces­ merely change the form of inflation. Ev­ way of meat production during the next sary labor and machinery he will pro­ eryone who is a taxpayer must help to year. What type and degree of finish duce to the utmost. Let me state right pay the -cost of subsidies. In addition we is desired? The cattle producer and here a fact that I fear our food experts must pay for the Government's activities feeder want an end to the threat of have failed to remember. The only way in manipulating a subsidy program. imposing price ceilings on live animals. to keep down the cost of food is to bring Now, Mr. Speaker, let us examine the They want cattle raising and feeding production up to the dema'nd. principle of subsidies fr-om the practical recognized as an essential part of the At the recent meeting held by the Co­ standpoint. Let us see what effect it food-production prpgram. operative Milk Producers Federation will have on our present problem of get­ Mr. Speaker, I desire to call the atten­ which has the support of the leading ting food at a reasonable price. In the tion of this House and country to the farm .organiz ations of the country the first place it has and it will continue to national . food conference which was whole program of proposed food sub­ create uncertainty in the minds of pro­ held in Chicago on September 16 and 17. sidies and price roll-backs was strongly ducers and consumers alike for they all At this meeting there were the producers, criticized and vigorously attacked as be-: know t'1at the power to grant subsidies I

1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8203 and the power to withhold them will rest those who have not previously been rais­ whatever arrangements of world affairs are in in the hands of certain bureaucrats in ing it. Certainly the Government's policy the best interest- of America. We are in Washington. In the face of this uncer­ in the farm areas with certain supporting favor of whatever international commitments tainty and because of the shortage of promise best a peaceful future, and which food prices in preference to other crops will enable us to again pursue our happiness help and machinery and because of the has caused a marked shortage of certain in the traditional American way of freedom additional red tape and confusion the foods. under the principles and liberties guaranteed producer cannot give an all-out effort in The Department of Agriculture should by the Constitut ion of our Republic. the production program. This will re­ issue an early program for the produc­ We seek enlightenment on method. We sult in less production. On the other tion of food. This program should re­ should like to have your considered views hand, the consumer of food will be under move all acreage limitations. It should about this world when it is again at rest. a great temptation to hoard because he announce a support price and a ceiling. We would like to know what you mean when is already acquainted with coffee ration­ you say "One world." - The support price should be the floor 1. Do you · believe that the United States ing, which was not needed, and the fact and the lowest price the farmer is to should become a member of a world supra­ that subsidies on meat and butter have receive. There should also be a ceiling national state? If so-- resulted in a shortage of these commodi­ which is the top price- which might be a. Would it involve any limitation upon ties. Certainly, the subsidies adopted so received for that product. It should be the sovereignty of the United States.? far have disrupted the normal procedure ,the same as the 0. P. A. ceiling. The b. Would it mean that the Army, Navy, of production and distribution. Sub­ farmer should then plan his own crops and Air Force of the United States and its sidies will let loose a whole new flood of technical equipment for war are to be placed without Government interference." He unde ~· the control of the world state? orders which require record keeping and can do this without the gentlemen in c. Would it mean that, except for domestic Government supervisors. Washington hatching up schemes to police purposes the United States is to have By whatever amount of money the control his production. Such schemes no independent military force of its own? Government attempts to support sub­ in the past have caused a diminishing 2. If you favor a world state, what would sidies by just that amount does it in­ food supply. you do about nations that refuse to come in? crease inflation. In other words, if the Let me repeat again the ideas of sub­ a. ·Force them in by military means? Government grants subsidies to the b. Treat them as outlaws by not permit­ sidies are totany un-American. They ting them to trade with the members of the amount of $1,000,000,000 it will create are contrary to our idea of free enter­ world state?_ $1,000,000,000 more buying power which, prise. It is Government control of pro­ c. What other action would you favor? when added to the reduction in produc­ duction in its worst form. Crying down 3. Do you believe in absolute freedom of tion due to the needs created by the through the last century and a half comes international trade? program, it will cause a further unbal­ those warning words of Thomas Jeffer­ a. Will that mean that the goods and serv­ ance in the relationship between the sup­ son: ices of peoples with low living standards are ply of goods and the purchasing power to enter the United States without any re­ Were we directed from Washington when strictions designed to protect the American of the people. Subsidies do not fall like to sow and ·when to reap the people would standard of living? manna from heaven, someone must pay soon want bread. - the bill. Someone must also pay the b. If you believe in restrictions, please state PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE what they are to be. costs in the operation of the program. 4. Do you believe that a world monetary The money the Government borrows to Mr. WOODRUFF of Michigan. Mr. system should be established? If so, pay subsidies so that your grocery bill Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that a. What is to be the reserve for its cur­ and mine may be lower will have to be on Thursday next after the disposition rency? repaid and with interest by those very of matters on the Speaker's table and b. What relationship is it to have to the men and women who are now fighting the special orders heretofore entered I American dollar? c. How is it to be administered? our battles. It would seem, Mr. Speaker, may address the House for 15 minutes. that it would almost be a crime for this 5. Do you believe in the free and unre­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without stricted movement of peoples? If so, how do Congress tc appropriate money or to per­ objection, it is so ordered. you propose to prevent the peoples from Asia mit the Government to borrow money to There was no objection. and other war-torn countries from over­ pay our grocery bills. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under running the United States? The cost of a proposed subsidy pro­ tl'\e previous order of the House the 6. Do you believe that it is desirable for gram would be hard to estimate. It America to permit flooding our country with gentleman from Missouri [Mr. MILLER] alien individuals and alien ideas? If so, might well cost more than $5,000,000,000. is recognized for 30 minutes. The money thus expended by the admin­ what effect do you think this would have WHAT .MISSOURI ASKS OF WILLKIE on our particular civilization? istration would purchase the complete 7. In what other respects do you envision regimentation of agriculture and the Mr. MILLER of Missouri. M.r. Speaker, the political and economic organization of right of someone in Washington to de­ on September 1 of this year, nine ques­ one world? cide what people should raise for other tions were asked Mr. Willkie by the 8. Newspapers report you to have said that people to eat. The efforts thus far by Missouri Republican Party's principal if the Republicans adopt a liberal platform the Washington bureaucrats along this State and national officers and all of they can win. We want to win! line have been entirely faulty and de­ the Missouri delegates to the 1940 con­ What do you mean by a liberal platform? structive. The Washington bureaucrats vention at which Mr. Willkie was nomi­ Be specific, please. who continue to tangle with the farm nated. 9. If by any c'hance you • are not the Presi­ dential nominee of the Republican Party in program are causing a limited supply of Those questions were asked Mr. Willkie 1944, will you, as a good Republican, actively food and this acts as a weapon to keep in a letter, a copy of which follows: - support the nominee chosen by the Repub­ control by the Government over agri­ DEAR MR. WILLKIE: The Undersigned con­ lican Convention? culture. stitute all of the principal officers of the As we may desire to memoralize our rep­ Our Government has made commit­ Missouri Republican Party and all the mem­ resentatives on the Policy Committee of the ments to feed the liberated nations. bers of the Missouri delegation of the Phil!l-­ Republican National Committee, we shall be This cannot be done when there is a delphia Convention of 1940. We were the ·very appreciative of a reply, item by item, large group in the Agriculture Depart­ first Middle Western delegation to give you a addressed to the chairman of our deleg~tion, large vote. We believe that in those few by September 10. ment who are still under the obsession memorable days we were instrumental in Sincerely yours, that there must be a limited supply of exerting some measure of influence on the GROVER W. DALTON, crops planted. It is well to remember delegations from other Middle Western States Delegation Chairman, that it was but-- a few months ago that to join us in nominating you. We worked 1940 Convention, the Agriculture Department formally energetically for your election, so much so, Chairman, Missouri Republican gave up plans for limiting wheat acreage that normally Democratic Missouri gave you State Commit tee. and it is also a fact that even a_fter these as large a percentage of its vote as did I have the consent of all the following normally Republican Ohio and normally Re­ delegates and party officers to the signature plans were announced a farm organiza­ publican Pennsylvania . . We have proved our of their names to this letter: tion leader protested, and the Secretary friendshi.fl to you in the past. We are not F. William Autenrieth, twelfth district; of Agriculture has never issued a denial unfriendly now. .. Henry M. Carey, second district; Mack Den­ that the Government authority would be We are unanimously of the opinion that in man, at large; T. H. B. Dunnegan, sixth dis­ used to prevent the raising of wheat by the post-war world America should seek trict; Frank R. English, fourth district'; Joe \

8204 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 Grandhomme, eighth district; Paul Groe­ the convention, and because, in Wash­ other nations are contained in his book, schel, second district; Luke E. Hart, thir­ ington, I am able to maintain a perspec­ One World, which is both a pleasing teent h district; Edmond Koeln, twelfth dis­ tive that perhaps might not be possible travel record and a very inspiring moral trict; A. Kraemalmyer, eighth district; H. M. Langworthy, at large; Homer B. Mann, to one who has been living in the State philosophy. fifth dist rict; Arthur McKim, fourth district; during the last several weeks and been However, I ain unable to find in this Don McVey, first district; Louis E. Miller, subject to the many diverse comments book one specific recommendation as to eleventh district; W. A. Morant, at lr.trge; Al­ current there. how its philosophy can be implemented. bert J. Ott, thirteenth district; W. F. Phares, In justice to those who signed the let­ Stassen and Hoover, on the other hand, third district; Edgar M. Queeny, at large; ter to Mr. Willkie, I know there was no have advanced specific proposals. Sidney R. Redmond, eleventh district; J. W. desire to put him "on the spot.'' There Dewey has pronounced himself in favor Reese, seventh district; Charles Rendlen, first was a very real desire, however, to get of an alliance with Britain. I would con­ d ist rict; Edw. L. Scheufler, fifth district; Harry Scott, ninth district; Leo Simmons, · him "on the record" before decision clude from my own rereading of One seventh district; H. T. Simpson, tenth dis­ could be made on his solicitation of the World that Mr. Willkie favors the reten- "" trict; w. D. Smith, sixth district; A. B. Suen­ support of many whose names appear on tion of national ~sovereignties, because kel, ninth district; G. L. Zwick, third district. that letter. ' of his reference to "a new society of in­ Charles. Ferguson, State chairman in 1940; Likewise, in fairness to Mr. Willkie, I dependent nations." I might also con­ Miss Cleta Smith, State vice chairman in think his ultimate decision to speak clude that he favors a world state by his 1940; Barak T. Mattingly, national C?ommit­ publicly on the subjects covered by the frequent references to a united nations teeman; Mrs. Myrrl R. Remley, national com­ mitteewoman; Mrs. Frances J. O'Meara, vice questionnaire is commendable and is 1 and a sentence such as "The United Na­ chairman, Missouri State Commit'tee. what he would have made in any event. tions must become a common council." Unfortunately, perhaps, in the interval ' Mr. Speaker, a resort to the dictionary Upon receipt of these questions, Mr. while arriving at his final decision he tells us that the word "united" means Willkie replied that he would be glad spoke rashly in response to questions "joined together to form a whole-incor­ to answer them, and any others which that I believe were designed to· further porated into one." "Qommon council" the signers of the letter .might put to him. a public understanding of the position is defined as "a legislative body." Is it He added, however, that the replies of both Mr. Willkie and the Republican a correct interpretation to assume that would have to be "off the record.'' Party. Mr. Willkie's post-war United Nations The press and many members of the I am convinced that Mr. Willkie's final means the nations of the world incor­ Republican Party protested to Mr. Will­ decision in any case would have been to porated into one with a common leg­ kie that his answers to these questions cover the· subject matter of these ques­ islative body? Or-if that is not the were. of public interest and should not tions, because I believe sooner or later proper interpretation of Mr. Willkie's be given in a closed meeting. he would have examined his published meaning, are not the Missouri members Newspapers then quoted Mr. Willkie statements and articles to see what of his party doing both Mr. Willkie and as saying: "They are not going to put answers· he had given there, and would the country at large a service by en­ Wendell Willkie on the spot," and he have found no adequate replies to any of abling him to amplify and more clearly characterized the questions as "bearing the specific questions asked. define his meaning? no relationship to reality." Now I am delighted to learn that he Mr. Willkie, I note, also makes fre­ Later, he was quoted as ·saying the will speak on the subjects covered by the quent references in One World to a "new questions were "ridiculous" and that he questionnaire. This is in accord with society" that will arise. The established would not answer them. our previous conception of Mr. Willkie meaning of "society" is "a collected body · Still later, he announced: "I will make for candor and courage. of persons composing a community or a public appearance and talk on a sub­ Mr. Speaker, if Mr. Willkie's views on the aggregate of such as subjects of a ject of my own choosing," adding that these subjects were well known, there civil government." Is it correct, or is it his views on the subjects covered by the would have been no occasion to propound not, for one to assume that such a new questions were "well known." these specific questions to him by his society contemplates that the world's Finally, subsequent to all the fore­ 1940 supporters, who wrote him-and people are to be an aggregate of subjects going, he announced that he would speak meant it-that they are not unfriendly of one civil government? "on the subjects covered by the ques­ to him now. It is not m,y idea, and I know it was not tionnaire." As wilT be indicated hereafter, the the idea of the other signers of the letter, Mr. Speaker, it is not surprising that questions ao not in any sense warrant to read unintended meanings into Mr. as a result of what has transpired since the characterization of being "ri­ Willkie's utterances. Perhaps the dic­ the questions originally were asked Mr. diculous." I think a fair examination of tionary meanings are the ones Mr. Will­ Willkie, there is a great deal of confusion the facts will show they are most ma­ kie also means. Perhaps not. If they in the public mind regarding the purpose terial and relevant. Moreover, that they are, no one will contest his right to hold of these questions and Mr. Willkie's bear a significant relation to Mr. such opinions-but the fact that they shifting attitude toward them. Willkie's utterances and to the activities are his opinions should then be on public I know, from the queries I have received of his sponsors and advisors. record so that the members of his party from fellow Members of this House, as Mr. Speaker, the country craves light may support or oppose him according to well as my constituents in Missouri, that from its leaders and not heat in charting their own beliefs on the question of a many are wondering if · the Missouri its course. It insists upon candor and world state. Republicans who worked so diligently for courage and not equivocation. In these Mr. Speaker, a clear interpretation by Mr. Willkie during the last election are times, in the great intellectual arena of Mr. Willkie of these meanings is im­ now solidly against him; or if the issues thought and debate, America must :have portant for another reason as well. have been beclouded by Mr. Willkie him­ men who are ·willing to stoutly assert That is, because of the published atti­ self 'in his rapidly changing viewpoint their love for and their belief in our form tudes of his associates in New York's toward them. of government and its institutions, and Freedom House. Mr. Willkie was one It seems appropriate that I, who was also condemn any proposal which would of the founders of, and is now a member one of the signers of the letter to Mr. make us a vassal in the socieW of nations. of the board of directors of, Freedom Willkie because of my support of him at America has come of age and must as­ House, which was formed by a group Philadelphia as a- member of the Mis­ sume its· rightful role and play its p-art which long prior to Pearl Harbor was souri delegation, should seek to clarify manfully in the international tomorrow. on public record as campaigning for the position of Missouri republicanism Our party, in 1863, struck the shackles American intervention in the European and answer some of the uncertainties of servitude from the hands of millions war. It :i.s also a matter of record that before Mr. Willkie makes his visit to of Americans. America must now be he has appeared frequently before the Missouri. I feel that I am a proper one ready to fulfill its manifest destiny and members of this organization. to do it because I spent considerable time emancipate mankind from the tyranny Many of Freedom Houses' directors and effort as one of his preconvention of political, economic and racial despots. and members a,_re active in Clarence managers in enlisting interest in his be­ Presumably such views as Mr. Willkie Streit's Federal Union Now, which peti­ half among the Missouri delegation to has on our post-war relationships with tioned President Roosevelt to submit to 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD---'HOUSE 8205. Congress the Union's plan for a supra­ liance: they want to begin now a world ganic law of our land, the Constitution national federal union comprising the united states. They are antinational­ of the United States, and its Bill of United States and the members of the ists-in a word, they are globalists. Rights. Thomas Jefferson was the British Empire-and to which Norway, But, Mr. Speake:r, it would be straining world's greatest and most effective ex­ Sweden, Denmark, Holland, Belgium, words and unfair to accuse this group, ponent of true liberalism, and it was to France, and Finland would be admitted which contains so many distinguished uphold his principles that the Repub­ on equal terms as soon as they were freed men, of renegade treason, which is the lican Party was founded. At no previous from Hitler. This federal union would ultimate of antinationalism. That time in world history and in no part of also admit other nations such as India, would be as unfair as it was for Mr. the globe were these principles ever so China, and Russia as soon as they had Willkie to accuse those who asked him operative as in the United States. They established a democratic government. the questions of September 1 of isola­ are responsible for America's unique All the foregoing is froJ11 publicly stated tionism. spiritual and material progress-the objectives of the federal union group. Treason is more the word for the anti­ phenomenon that is beating the Axis. The United States would occupy in nationalism of Freedom House than is Before his nomination 4 years ago, such a supranational state the same isolationist the word for any of the men Mr. Willkie personified the result of relative minority position that Missouri or women who declared in the Missouri this liberalism-American individual­ now occupies in the United States. Even letter to Mr. Willkie that they are­ ism. In the best American tradition he after the war, its representatives in the ·unanimously of the opinion that in the post­ had pulled himself up by his own boot­ proposed parliament would form a mi­ war world America should seek whatever ar­ straps to the presidency of a large cor­ nority. The proposed constitution of rangements of world affairs are in the best poration. He declared that ''business is Streit's supranational state would give to interest of America. We are in favor of whatever international commitments prom­ the power and glory of America." He it all military forces except national had waged a long and successful fight militias and police; it provides also for ise best a peaceful future and which will enable us to again pursue our happiness in against incipient state socialism, as ex­ absolute freedom of international trade, the traditional American way of freedom emplified by the T. V. A.' He inveighed emigration and immigration within such under the principles and liberties guaran­ against other Government agencies that a state; and the sole power to coin money teed by the Constitution of our Republic. . were encroaching here and there upon would rest within such a state. Again, individual freedom. He called it, and these are publicly stated objectives of If this is isolationism in Mr. Willkie's mind, it would appear that he favors properly, "big government." this group. He sought refuge in the Republican The petition from this federal union going much further. Would a Federal Union alone satisfy him? Party because his own had departed organization, urging Presidential action from''true liberalism, as confirmed in his on its objectives, states: It is not my desire, Mr. Speaker, to give unintended interpretation to Mr. official campaign biography of 1940, ~t us begin now a world united states. Willkie's philosophy, or to impute to him which said: Mr. Speaker, that federal union peti­ the philosophy and purposes of his asso­ He had his training in the Democratic tion would bear no great significance in ciates in Freedom House and those of his Party, which he opposes today, because he connection with the questions that the backers and advisers with Federal Union, feels that this party departed from its ideals Missouri members of his party have of pro-Americanism as expounded by Jef­ Inc. ferson. asked Mr. Willkie, if it did not carry the However, I am reminded of the tru­ signatur8 of several of Mr. Willkie's ism that· "a man is judged by the com­ Also, in reporting a speech at San associates in Freedom House, and if pany he keeps." Francisco in March 1940 the biography it had not been signed by Russell Mr. Willkie's book · and his speeches says: Davenport, the talented publicist who fail to define his position on a subject Willkie gave his concrete idea of a liberal: resigned the editorship of Fortune in where the position of so many of his "A liberal," he said, "is a man who believes order to manage Mr. Willlde's last cam­ close associates is amply clear, and-to first in liberty." paign, and who remains his intimate and • many Americans-obviously inimical to In recent years within our country a trusted adviser. our country's national interests. The petition was signed also by Mr. different philosophy has misappropri­ As. a candidate for the Republican ated to itself the word "liberal." It Willkie's companion in his flight around nomination, Mr. Willkie owes it to his the world, Gardner Cowles. Mr. Cowles poses as altruistic and patriotic. It ad­ 1940 supporters in Missouri and the Na­ vocates the constant increase of govern­ is an active Willkie man; he is also pub­ tion to state his position clearly and lisher of Look magazine, in which Mr. mental power. Now it preaches that if definitely. we relinquish our· individual freedom to Willkie recently opened formally his That is the one-the only-reason why current campaign for the Republican a benevolent state, want and fear will the questions were addressed to him. vanish, not only in America but every­ nomination. The eighth of those questions begins: Furthermore, among those commonly where. It believes that through contin­ understood to be the largest contributors Newspapers report you to have said ·that if ued maintenance during peace of the the Republican Party adopts a liberal plat· present controls over prices, production to Federal Union, Inc., are the publisher form it can win. of the pro-Willkie Life, Fortune, and and employment, and with the privilege Time, and the international banker, Mr. Then the question asks: to spend billions and trillions, a myriad Thomas Lamont, long known as one of What do you mean by "a liberal platform"? of commissars and petty despots can bring about a better world. We have Mr. Willkie's stanchest and most lib­ As I have always understood the mean- eral backers. seen some of this stupid, rigid, and ex­ ing of a true liberal; he is one who advo­ travagant regimentation in action. I am not expressing thoughts that the cates freedom of the individual frqm gov­ federal unionists themselves have not This is not the true liberalism advo­ ernment restraint in his political, spirit­ cated by Mr. Willkie in 1940. Rather, · documented clearly when I say that they ual, and economic life. Early tr1,1e lib­ brand national patriotism as an anach­ it is a neoliberalism. Its ultimate phase erals fought for and secured for us tlJe is Caesarism-a totalitarian state like ronism in this day of the airplane. They repeal of many statutes that restrained believe it is the cause of wars. They Russian communism-wherein all in­ individual freedom. By slow and pro­ dividual rights to liberty disappear, ex­ would modify the Stars and Stripes and gressive processes they secured freedom exchange the Declaration of Indepen­ cept those which are bestowed or per­ of speech, freedom for the individual to mitted at the pleasure of a despot. dence for a declaration of interdepend­ worship in his own way, freedom of the ence. They would be, in their own In the deep pink vanguard of this nee­ press, and it).dividual economic freedom. liberalism is the weekly New Republic. words, "citizens of the world first, and Woodrow Wilson phrased it this way: secondly, American citizens." They In the eyes of the neoliberal editors of hold, with. Mr. Justice Roberts of the The history of liberty is a history of the the New Republic, three of whom are Supreme Court, that "for the sake of limitation of governmental power, not the listed by the Dies committee as members world peace we must be willing to sur­ increase of it. of Communist front organizations, the render our national sovereignty." Their The true liberal philosophy was never New Deal could do no wrong except that objective is not a mere league of inde­ better expressed than in our own Dec­ it never went fast enough nor far enough, pendent nations or an international al- laration of Independence and in the or· Their wistful ga~e was seemingly directed 8206 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 toward Moscow. They have been con­ candidate again, in which case we will port such convictions, then at least I stant and morbid critics of true liber­ work for his election. Therefore, we do would be the .last to deny him his right alism, and agree petulantly with another not seek to do anything which, in the to such opinions or his public expression. proponent of their philosophy, Stuart event of his nomination, would harm his If, on the other hand, his beliefs are at Chase, when he declares that one nation chances of election. Indeed, it is our be­ variance with those of his associates in should not have "all the fun of making lief that if Mr. Willkie answers our ques­ these organizations and of the editors of the world over." · tions frankly and makes his true position the New Republic, I know that many mil­ From the pen of the editor of the known publicly, it will enhance his lions of Americans who supported him in left wing Michigan Chronicle comes this chances of the Republican nomination. 1940 would welcome a clear statement to - bewildering statement: It is the very confusion resulting from that effect. In either case, the nine Mis­ I am a New Deal Democrat with my left conflicting interpretations of his position souri questions offer Mr. Willkie the eye on Wendell Willkle and my right eye on which is his greatest handicap. opportunity to state his true position, HENRY WALLACE. And I insiSt that I am not In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I would whatever it may be, without equivoca­ cross-eyed. like to say that these questions were not tion. I am confident that he will avail The New Republic of August 23, con­ asked any other potential candidate for himself of that opportunity. tains an article from the pen of one of the nomination because of three reasons. Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. Will the its neoliberal editors, - George Soule, Firstly, neither this nor any other sim­ gentleman yield? · author of A Planned Society and The ilar chain of circumstances surrounds Mr. MILLER of Missouri. I yield to Coming American Revolution. any other man. Secondly, no other po­ the gentleman from Nebraska. tential candidate or leading member of Did the liberals who opposed Wendell WiU­ Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. The gen­ kie in 1940 misjudge him? the Republican Party has urged publicly tleman spoke about certain platforms. that his party take a definite position in May I suggest that the Democratic plat­ Soule asks. favor of a world outlook in preference to form of 1940 was a splendid platform, Since the war began, his public record has, · national interests, without at the same but it is still new. It has never been in their eyes, been brilliant. Not merely has time giving his own formula for accom­ used. I am wondering whether we can he gone far ahead of his own party in his plishment of such a goal. On the con­ attitude toward international affairs and put much faith in any platfor:m.s or the preparations for peace;· he has at crucial tr~ry, specific proposals have been ad­ statements of people before Presidential points said the right thing when Mr. Roose­ vanced by Stassen, Hoover, and Dewey, campaigns. velt himself either failed to say it or by the each with definite consideration for the Mr. MILLER of Missouri. They have action of his administration seemed to be interests of the United States. Lastly, not used up all the 1928 Communist plat­ going in the wrong direction. no other potential candidate has solicited form yet. the active support of many of the signers Mr. Soule heaps encomiums on Mr. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Willkie for his failure to utter one word of the letter which was sent to Mr. of criticism against the administration's Willkie, as will be attested by the Repub­ Mr. HARNESS of Indiana. Mr. domestic policies. Mr. Soule, at least, as­ lican State chairman, Mr. Grover Dalton. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that sumes that silence signifies assent. Mr. That, Mr. Speaker, is a summary of on tomorrow at the conclusion of other Speaker, I hope and I believe that Mr. why Missouri sent its questions to Mr. special orders I may be permitted to ad­ Soule has misinterpreted Mr. Willkie. Willkie. It is a summary of what Mis­ dress the House for 15 minutes. How could one seek to be a candidate souri asks of Mr. Willkie today. I have, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there against a philosophy with which he is in I think, been objective in my statement objection to the request of the gentle­ agreement? True liberalism and neo-. of the facts-and I do not believe they man from Indiana [Mr. HARNEss]? are facts that will bring issue from any There was no objection. liberalism are the antithesis of each man or woman who is sincerely inter­ other and no political alchemy or leger­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS demain can ever bridge the two. ested in the preservation of a free, strong, That is why we of Missouri asked and independent America among the

, I' 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HODS~ 8207 acquiesce in a "hush-hush" approach to they want to know about the effect of this has recessed, or has a ~journed, as it deems a program so important to our Nation. huge debt upon our economy. Few of necessary; except that in conducting such them believe in the philosophy that a investigation and study outside the United Mr. Speaker, it has been charged that States or ~:tt any place in the United States lend-lease supplies sent by this country large public debt is a national asset. In away from the seat of governi''ent such com­ to Great Britain are being distributed by · fact, they fully realize that debt without mittee shall act by a subcommittee of not the British as their own products, breed­ the ability to pay leads to national bank­ more than 11 members. · ing good· will for them and laying the ruptcy. So today we owe it to those who WOULD THEY BETRAY THE AMERICAN basis for future trade. Further, it is :fight and those who labor to protect FIGHTING MAN? charged that funds under this program them against inso1v~ncy. We have heard a great deal about the "four freedoms," Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Spealrer, Stalin are used to build expensive air bases with insists that every Russian shall fight for no right for us to use them after the war. one of which is freedom from fear. It has been suggested that we add a fifth the security, the preservation, of the And again, it is alleged that some of our United States of Soviet Republics. He Allies use our petroleum supplies while freedom, to wit, "freedom from insol­ vency." Until ways and means are de­ is acknowledged the world over as the they hoard their own. n· is further one man who will brook no interference charged that this Nation's course to date vised to insure against that possibility there can be no real freedom from fear. with the interests of his country. Those has created among foreign nations the who from without would destroy the expectation of gifts and favors under Mr. Speaker, we shall soon be consid­ lend-lease far beyond our capacity to ering an appropriation for lend-lease, sovereignty of his empire are battled to confer. And that is the very thought, and I submit that the hearings author­ the death. Those within who fail to Mr. Speaker, that is uppermost in the ized by my resolution should be held be­ adopt and to carry out the slogan, Rus­ minds of our people today-the impres- fore that time so that this House can sia First, are shot or sent to Siberia. • sion that we have promised to give away have the benefit of the findings and con­ With determination which no one can our very ·substance under this program. clusions of the committee. It is my doubt, Churchill frankly announces that Mr. Speaker, it is imperative that this opinion that unless the people of our he did not become "the King's first min:.. Congress clear the atmosphere on this country are given all the facts about the ister to preside over the liquidation of important matter. To that end,_! have lend-lease· program, the writing of the the British Empire." It is his fixed pur­ today introduced a resolution asking for peace may be in jeopardy, at least our pose that where :flies the British flag, the appointment of a special committee relationship with our allies may be se­ there it shall remain. When this war is to make a full and complete investigation riously impaired. The people are in­ over and the peace has been made, it of all operations carried out by the va­ sisting upon the truth and nothing but will be found tbat the Union Jack, the rious departments and agencies of Gov­ the truth at this time. :flag of the British Empire, waves over ernment under the so-called lend-lease i: respectfully ask that my resolution more territory, a greater area of the law. It aims to determine, among other receive favorable consideration by the earth's surface, than ever before. things: proper committee, and that it be pre­ Because of his loyalty to the British First. The extent of goods and services, sented to the House as soon as possible Empire; because he can see no interests civil and military supplied to date, in for action. but the interest of the British Empire; dollars and cents, and the recipients SPECIAL ORDER because he has been able, by flattery and thereof; cajolery, to induce other peoples an'd Second. The extent of goods and serv­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under other nations to serve Britain's inter­ ices, civil and military, received by the previous order of the House, the gentle­ ests; because he has no other thought United States, in dollars and cents, and man from Michigan [Mr. HoFFMAN] is than the preservation and the extension from whom received; recognized for 15 minutes. of the British Empire, Churchill has Third. Whether the transactions con­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, I -ask been acclaimed as one of the world's stitute a debt against the recipients or unanimous consent to revise and extend greatest statesmen. outright gifts; ... my own remarks in the RECORD and to His most recent major service to the Fourth. Whether such operations are include therein a newspaper article. Empire culminated with our entry into . .carried out in an efficient and economic The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there the war-and that, he said, "is what I have manner .and with due regard to the best objection to the request of the gentleman dreamed of, aimed at, and worked for interests and welfare of the citizens of from Michigan [Mr. HoFrMANJ? and now it has come to pass." the United States; and There was no objection. Stalin and Churchill, because each Fifth. Whether such operations have Mr. COLMER. Will the gentleman thinks of the interests of no country in every case pro!lloted the defense of yield? other than his own; because the whole the United States. Mr.-HOFFMAN. Yes, beihg one of two interest of each lies in the advancement Mr. SHORT. Will the gentleman Democrats on the :floor, I will yield to of his own homeland; because neither yield? . the gentleman gladly. will do anything to aid any other nation Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin. I yield to INVESTIGATION BY COMMITTEE ON IN­ if it interferes with the prosperity and the gentleman from Missouri. TERSTATE AND FOREIGN COMMERCE advancement of his own people, are Mr. SHORT. I want to congratulate praised the wide world over, acclaimed the gentleman for introducing his reso­ Mr. COLMER, from the Committee on by all people as the world's two greatest lution because it is beginning to dawn Rules, submitted the following privileged patriots. upon -the American people that on his resolution (H. Res. 307, Rept. No. 745), But here in America those who place first visit to America Mr. Churchill took which was referred to the House Calen­ love of country, faith in her institutions, our· coat back to England, on his second dar and ordered to be printed: confidence in her people, make her inde­ visit he took our pants, on the third visit Resolved, That the Committee on Inter­ pendence and her continued existence he took om: underwear, and before we state and Foreign Commerce, as a whole or their first thought, are branded as crea­ get out of th1s mess he will skin us .out by subcommittee, is authorized to conduct tors of disunity, charged with a lack of an investigation and study of such matters loyalty. - of our hide. related to present and probable future con­ Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin .. Mr. Speak­ ditions and developments in and affecting Why is it that those acts, those effort"s er, this country has been and is on a air navigation and domestic and foreign air for the preservation of our Government, spending· spree unparalleled in its his­ commerce as it may deem advisable. of our methods, of our prosperity and tory, and the appropriations for lend­ The committee, as a whole or by subcom­ our happiness, which, when exerted by lease constitute a large part of it. The mittee, shall report to the House (or to the other nationals in the interests of their original appropriation in March 1941 Clerk of the House if the House is not in governments, are so highly praised, was $7,000,000,000. Since then sixty-five session) during the present Congress the re­ should be here condemned? sults of its investigation and study, together And who is it that here condemns billion has been appropriated, and obli­ with such recommendations for legislation gations to date are approximately as it may deem advisable. those who insist, as do Stalin and $25,000,000,000. It is _apparent that taxes The committee, or any subcommittee Churchill, that one's own country comes and more taxes, from the rich and from thereof, is authorized to conduct such in­ first? the poor, are required. Co~stituents vestigation and study at such times and What weakness of mind, what lack of realize that spending m~ans t~xing and places, whether or not the House is sitting, good sense and judgment, what, doubt· LXXXIX-.-517 8208 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 of the courage of our fighting men, what pendence, the substitution in lieu thereof in the east from which we could get at . want of confidence in our Constitution of a declaration of interdependence upon Japan. and our form of government, what in­ other nations of the worfd. It called for It is apparent from th,at report that feriority complex, what lack of faith iri the hauling down of the Stars and Stripes our Nation is being stripped of its nat­ our people and the righteousness of their and for the replacement of that flag by ural resources for the benefit of the purpose impels those who loudly and the mongrel flag of the united nations of British. Especially is this true with ref­ continuously denounce those who proud­ the world. erence to oil. ly, fearlessly pledge loyalty · first to Ever since Franklin D. Roosevelt be­ Mr. Shirer headed his article, "Isola­ - America? came obsessed with the idea that he was tionist strategy, a warning in time." Only since the coming of the spenders the indispensable man, that surrounding We all agree that war is wicked and of other people's money and sustenance, him were supermen and master minds, wasteful. He and those who agree with only since the arrival of the wasters, only the ta;~payer's money has been used to him then jump to the assumption that since the supremacy of the little dicta­ further his political interests. war can be prevented if we join with tors and tyrants of the 0. P. A. and its His stock in trade has been the use certain nations and fight a war to pre­ blood brothers, only since the ascendancy of the taxpayer's money to grant special serve the peace whenever some race or of the ·power of the crackpots, the fuzzy­ privileges to one group after another. nation may refuse to obey the orders of wuzzy thinkers, the overrunning of the He has protected other groups in their the international group of which we are • Nation's Capital by those who, fed and lawlessness and disregard of constitu­ a member. clothed by our Government, seek to re­ tional provisions and, throughout it all, The fact that throughout history world make America, have the patriotic, loyal he has attempted to purge those mem­ alliances, combinations'<>f nations to pre­ Americans, those who believe in the bers of his own party who disagreed with serve peace, have not prevented war is America of today, who have faith in the his policies; and his political adversaries blandly ignored. America of tomorrow, had leveled at in other parties have been consistently The experience of the ages is brushed them such vile, false charges as are now smeared and charged with disloyalty. aside, and egotistically it is proclaimed appearing in print. . For absurdity, inaccuracy, and mis­ that we, with Great Britain, Russia, and One purpose of these false charges is judgment of American sentiment and China, can accomplish that which no to intimidate those who insist that thinking, as well as for false and vicious other group of nations has ever been able loyalty to our country, protection of our propaganda, a recent article in the to bring about. national interests and integrity should Washington Post by William L. Shirer The America Seconders would perform be our first concern. was typical. · an international marriage ceremony, Another objective is to destroy the sys­ It is in line with the policy of the giving us at least three husbands or tem of priva.te enterprise which renders Washington Post, whose editor has un­ wives, when two of the three, Britain and the individual secure in his home life, ceasingly condemned and challenged the Russia, through their spokesmen, in his civil affairs, in his means and man­ motives, the loyalty, and the patriotism Churchill and Stalin, have announced ner of earning a livelihood and establish- · of all those who have venture'd to place clearly, and in all apparent sincerity, ing security for his old age; enables him the interests of America above those of that no international marriage shall in­ to be free and independent of a tyranni­ any individual, race, people, or nation. terfere with the interest of either Great cal, dictatorial government. There are those who, as in the days of Britain or Russia. Still another purpose is to destroy us old, worship false idols. Then the god Because Mr. Shfrer expresses so well as a nation, make us but a part of an might be a graven image. Today it may the thought of those who would surren­ international state. be either love of gold, worship at the feet der our sovereignty, let me quote. He That intimidation of those who oppose of international financiers, or love of writes: the New Deal-more recently, the fourth pomp and show; desire to bask in the As a people, I think we have two weak spots term-brought about by the fear of the smile of some prince or king or queen; to in this regard. We do not like the idea of Government, is one of the means of the be knighted, made a member of the giving up an iota of our sovereignty to any administration to perpetuate itself, is British royalty. _ world organization. And we have an almost ·shown by the arbitrary and unconstitu­ There are those who, having obtained grotesque fear o~ being done in by slick allies, tional rules, orders, and directives issued freedom of speech, freedom from fear, especially the British and the Russians. and enforced by an army of snoopers freedom from want, and freedom of re­ Read that again. and petty tyrants. ligious worship here in this country and So dislike of giving up an iota of our On every hand throughout this broad under our form of government, now dis­ sovereignty is a weakness, is it? Suggest land of ours, the heretofore free and in­ avow all loyalty to the country, which that thought to St~in or to Churchill. depen ient citizen is met by a Govern­ gives them the opportunity to eat, pros­ And the "fear of being done in by slick ment agent armed with a so-called order per, and be happy; who seek to surrender allies, especially the British and the Rus­ from some executive department. That our sovereignty, make us a subject sians'' is grotesque, is it, Mr. Shirer? order all too often is an arbitrary one, nation. When we remember how, after the last serves no good purpose; on the contrary, They are not America firsters, they war, to the winning of which we con­ renders proquction, the prosecuticn of are America seconders, or, more ac­ tributed so much; when we recall how the. war effort, more difficult. curately, America lasters. They think our men went in when Britain was on Proof that the efforts of the adminis­ of their country only after and when they the verge of defeat, and at the cost of tration are destroying our way of life have thought of and promoted the in­ their lives saved France and Britain from can be found at every crossroad through­ terests of other countries, other peoples. defeat and how after the war was over, out the land, where some individual has Because the article by Shirer is so in spite of our contributions of men and nad his means of livelihood lessened by typical of the absurd, stupid-yes, of money, we were branded as a Shylock, an administrative directive. vicious-propaganda put out by the anti­ is there any reason why we should not That the purpose is to surrender our Americans, let us take a glance at his expect to again be ''done in"? When we independence and make us a part of a story. recall that we were told that lend-lease superworld government, which our tax­ It is evident that the article was writ­ would be repaid to us in money or in payers will be required to support, to ten before the return and leport of the k~nd and that it was but a loan and not which and at whose command the sons, five Senators who toured tne war front. a gift, and now we learn that no re­ the husbands, the daughters of our peo­ Evidently Mr. Shirer was too tired tore­ imbursement is to be made, are we not ple will be sent to police and maintain write it to make it conform to the fact being "done in"? order, was shown by the propaganda on after their report. When we know, as now we do, that which appeared the name of Secretary Their report substantiates in every materials contributed by us to Britain of the Interior Ickes and Supreme Court particular the charges of those who are are being reexported by her to other Justice Owen J. Roberts, which came to smeared because they place America first. countries as gifts from her, not from us, · the desks of Senators and Congressmen That report shows· beyond argument are we not being "done in"? When we late in January of 1942. that Great Britain is extending its com­ learn, as we have learned, that our money That plan, in no unmistakabie terms, mercial empire at our expense. It shows and our materials which our people are called for the surrender of our inde- that Russia continues to deny us bases denying themselves are being used to . 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 8209 build harbors and wharves and stock Does anyone with a knowledge of the Writes Shirer: houses and factories and airfields in al­ facts today doubt that Great Britain is Representative HAMILTON FISH, who was most every land throughout the world extending her commercial empire, while in favor of the resolution, spoke in the same and that those facilities will be used by we furnish the sinews of war and aid in vein. "The time has come," said he, "for our trade competitors after the war is financing her international trade? some of us at least to take an American view over, while we are denied their use, are If Mr. Shirer does not know that fact, of our foreign policies." That will be the we not being "done in"? let him read the statements of the three · propaganda line. America First! So today the American manufacturers, Democratic senators, of the two Repub­ So you think, Mr. Shirer, that the the American workingman, who support lican Senators, who just returned from time has not come when some of us this administration and ask a fourth a trip to the battle front. should take an American view of our term for F. D. R., will awaken to the Then he refers to those who oppose a foreign policy. So you believe that this realization that the factories which we super world government, of which we is not the time when we should pledge are building in foreign lands will be op­ should be but a part. The article gives our loyalty first to America? Would you erated by cheap foreign labor and that this subhead, "They forget the Yankee also do away with the pledge to the flag? the job of the American worker will be trader," and under it is this paragraph: You think, do you, that it is not now ~ime done in a foreign land, while he seeks to save the Constitution and the D?clara­ The sequel is that if we get into an inter­ work on a Government made job. The national organization, we shall certainly lose tion of Independence for the soldiers who export trade of the manufacturer will be our shirt if not our pants. It seems to this will return? Apparently you h ave plenty lost to the factory operating abroad. writer that if these gentlemen had ever seen of company-others who would sell Done in, yes we are being done in and the shrewd Yankee trader dealing with the America short. · sold out by those who lack confidence in "slick" Europeans, they would lose their It is quite evident from the arguments the American people, in the American weird and hardly justifiable inferiority com­ made in the press and elsewhere that form of government, in our Constitution. plex. Or is it merely a good demagogic talk­ there are those who would remake, as ing point which many Americans, our back­ Shirer writes that the people are at ground being what it is, easily fall for? HENRY WALLACE advocates, America. the mercy of a minority, which he says There are those who hope as Tugwell may by "legislative trickery and con­ We do not need to get into the perma­ said, that we· can destroy the American nivery" defeat the will of the people. nent international organization to be system of business and that the process Then he called attention to the argu­ certain that we are not only losing our may not be too bloody. ments which the so-called minority has shirt but our pants, and may I add, Mr. Let me suggest to Mr. Shirer and those used. He writes: Shirer, if we continue, we will lose our who think with him that they go out Listen, for example, to Representative shoes and socks, and we will be lucky if into the highways and the byways, into CLARE HOFFMAN, of Michigan. The Fulbright our toenails are J).Ot pulled out. the ·small cities, the towns, the cross­ resolution, he said in the debate, "means Are you and your fellow advocates of roads, and there suggest to the business­ but one thing, that we repeal the Declara­ America last, so ignorant of the fact men, to the farmers, and to the workers, tion of Independence • • • if we agree who have sacrificed to aid in the prosecu­ in setting up such internation machinery that you do not know that we are al­ we . are, to all intents and purposes, sur­ ready on the paying end of the war? tion of the war: who have bought bonds; renaering a portion of our national sover­ Take a trip out into the country and see who are struggling along as best they eignty • • • we shall not be masters of the farmer, who, for example, is unable may to do their utmost in support of the situation • • • we may find our­ our fighting men, that· America does not selves, to our sorrow, in the position of an to buy a wrench or a pair of pliers, neces­ come· first; that we are fighting the war Australia. New Zealand, or Canada-a royal sities on every farm, and then finds in a for Britain or for Russia or for China. province, back once more under the Union catalog published in England that Brit­ Let him suggest that we should not Jack instead of the Stars and Stripes • • • ish manufacturers have both for export. save the Constitution, that we should not Is there any reason • • • why we shall We know now from the reports of the be ashamed of the proposition that we are adhere to the Declaration of Independ­ for America first ? • • • Our forefathers returning Senators that we are losing ence; that the time has not arrived for brought forth the Declaration of Independ­ our pants as well as our :shirts in our us to take an .American view of our for­ ence." international deals. We know now that eign policy. Do that, Mr. Shirer, or any our farmers are going without much of of you who bel_i eve as he apparently does, Well may I ask Mr. Shirer, w.hat is the machinery which is needed in the and then come back, if you can, and tell wrong with that argument? It is largely war effort. While that machiner¥-yes; us of the reaction. a statement of fact. The propaganda and complete factories-is exported to One more line from Mr. Shirer. He put out by World Fellowship and Federal other countries. · quotes WILLIAM LEMI{E as having said Union and the material which came to during the debate: the desks of Senators and Congressmen The Yankee trader to whom Mr. on the 27th of January 1942, and the Shirer refers is but a myth. If there is "Uncle Sam is not going to be a perpetual one in evidence today, he will be found S an t~ Claus. They (our returning troops) proposition which was endorsed by Har­ will never substitute a mongrel flag for the old Ickes and by Justice Owen J. Roberts down in the· Smithsonian. He has been succeeded by a Harry Hopkins, by a Stars and Stripes." called for the surrender of our independ­ And then Shirer writes this: ence, a declaration of an interdepend­ HENRY WALLACE, each big-hearted and ence. It called for the hauling down generous with other people's money. Those will be the beaut iful words, nicely of our flag and the sdbstitution of an­ Hopkins, if he had his way, would super­ wrapped up for the American people in red, vise at the expense of the American white and blue to disguise their enormous other flag. That program demanded emptiness and meaninglessness. that we surrender a part of our sover­ worker, farmer, and businessman, a eignty; that we join with other nations world-wide glorified W. P. A. Not only So you believe, do you, Mr. Shirer, that would he rake leaves, put shoes on and the statement that our returning fight­ and abide by the joint decree of those ing men will never substitute a mongrel nations. · feed everyone, but he would set the Hot­ tentot and the Bushman to sweeping up flag for the Stars and Stripes is empty Now I ask, Mr. Shirer, and any and and meaningless? all of those. who agree with you on this the waves of the ocean with paper brooms and pay them with American Now, you tell that to the boys who are move to enter into an international about to take off in a bomber, knowing supergovernment, what is wrong with dollars. full well that they may go down in the proposition that we stand for Amer­ WALLACE would be a little more practi­ flaming death or be cast adrift to die of ica first? In view of the fact that Stalin cal. He would give, he first thought, 1 hunger or of thirst on a blistering ocean. is for Russia, Churchill for Britain first, quart, but later reduced it to a pint, a You go down, Mr. Shirer, to the boys tell me just why l should not be for pint of milk to everyone everywhere. He who are fighting not only the Japs but ·America first? hasn't yet determined whether he would loneliness and sickness in the South Sea Continuing, Mr. Shirer writes: send it in glass or paper containers, or Islands, and tell them that America, the Today, Mr. Hoffman continues, "Great whether, accompanying each pint to the homeland, does not come first. You tell Britain is extending her commercial em­ tropical countries, an electrical refrig­ them tliat the statement that the Stars pire while we furnish the sine w~ of war and erator with a power plant to keep it cool and Stripes shall not be hauled down aid in financing her international trade." would go. · does not mean anything. 8210 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER f1 You tell the war-weary boys in Africa, WE ARE AT MERCY OF THE MINORITY responsible for this country entering the in Sicily, in Italy, that the Stars and If there is "legislative trickery and con­ war. Stripes under which they fight is but a nivery" this time, there is little that you and Thus Representative HoFFMAN: "Well did rag and is to be replaced by the flag of I can do about it. We are, .after all, at the we know, when we sent munitions of war some international organization. mercy of a minority in the Senate, as we were through belligerent waters to one of the in 1919-20. warring nations, that war would follow. You go, Mr. Shirer, to the mothers and Against the flood of propaganda that will * * *" Representative WALTER E. BREHM, the fathers, the wives and the sweet­ surely flow, we are not so helpless. We know of Ohio : "• * * If we had been strong hearts, of the men who are fighting this already the line it will take. The remarkable internally and had not been so anxious to war, and tell them that their sons and debate on the Fulbright resolution in the furnish the munitions of war to countries husbands and brothers are not fighting House showed us pretty well how the spokes­ which we knew were preparing for war, just for home, for fireside, for America. men of the bitter-end isolationists will talk. for the sake of amassing fortunes in this country, we would not be at war today." Go, if· you will, Mr. Shirer, into the It demonstrated that their propaganda will be cunningly directed at the most vulnerable This may sound like bilge-but one need homes which have received that little slip points in the mental armor of our American not be a prophet to predict that we will hear of paper telling that a·loved one has been citizenry. much more of the lil~·e when the discussions lost~ in battle or is missing in action, and As a people, I think, we have two weak spots of peace. come up. take with you, instead of the Stars and in this regard. We do not like the idea of giv­ And there will be cries of "danger" and Stripes, which the House last week voted ing up an iota of our sovereignty to any world "revolution." Representative SUMNER of should be given to the parents of every organizat.ion. And we have an almost . Illinois opened her ·speech by saying: "I con­ man who lost his life in this war, the grotesque fear of being done in by slick allies, sider the Fulbright resolution the most dan­ mongrel flag referred to by the gentle­ especially the British and the Russians. · gerous bill ever presented to an American It was on these points mainly that the op­ Congre'ss." man from North Dakota, WILLIAM LEMKE. ponents of the Fulbright resolution concen­ Representative FREDERICK C. SMITH, of Ohio, To Mr. Shirer and to all those who trated their peculiar wrath. thought that "there are too many unknown think so little of our liberty, our inde­ Since the American press cannot--or at factors at this junfture to safely undertake pendence, our freedom, our prosperity, least does not-report adequately the debates the formulation of so far-reaching and revo­ and the happiness which was ours before in Congress and not one citizen in a hundred lutionary a policy as this would involve." this war, that they would subordinate thousand reads that revealing journal, the Throughout the speeches of the extreme our interests to the interests of other CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, which does report isolationists was threaded the curious argu­ them down to the last word it might be en­ ment--of which we shall certainly hear a nations, to a group of international lightening to investigate a little more fully great deal more-that while Winston bankers and power politicians, who, after than has been done in the arguments of those Churchill and Joseph Stalin are always look­ each war, have financed the rearmament who opposed Mr. FuLBRIGHT's resolution call­ ing out for the interests of their own coun­ of nations bent on war, let me say that ing . upon American participation in "appro­ tries first, our leaders are bashful about look­ there are millions of Americans who be­ priate international machinery with power ing out for American interests first. lieve first in America, who do not propose adequate to establish and to maintain just and lasting peace." THEY FORGET THE Y}NKEE TRADER to be intimidated and that, if need de­ The sequel is that if we get into an inter­ mands, they will fight here at home to For they are the gentlemen who will be in the vanguard of the fight to "save the Re­ national organization we shall certainly lose maintain our independence and our public" and "preserve the Constitution" by our shirt 1.f. not our pants. It seems to this sovereignty. staying out of "foreign entanglements" when writer that if these gentlemen had ever seen Millions of Americans, when they re­ the time comes to try to organize the peace. the shrewd Yankee trader dealing with the "slick" Europeans, they would lose their weird cite the pledge to the flag, mean it. They WHAT CLARE HOFFMAN HAS TO SAY are for America first. They believe in and hardly justifiable inferiority complex. Listen, for example, to Representative Or is it merely a good demagogic talking point the America of today; they believe in the CLARE HOFFMAN or Michigan. The Fulbright which many Americans, our background be­ America .of tomorrow and they intend resolution, he said in the debate, ~means ing what it is, easily fall for? that, down through the ages, shall go an but one thing, that we repeal the Declara­ Representative ROBERT B. CHIPERFIELD, Of America willing in the future as in the tion of Independence * * • if we agree Illinois, though supporting the Fulbright past to help every unfortunate people, in setting up such international machinery resolution, had his suspicions on this sub­ unfortunate nation, but an America free we are, to all intents and purposes, surrend­ ject. He asked: "Has not the time arrived and independent. · ering a portion of our national sovereignty when we should begin to beware of the kind * * * we shall not be masters of the sit­ of man who is 'a steady patriot of the world EXHI~IT A. uation we may find ourselves to alone, the friend of every country btit his ISOLATIONIST STRATEGY, A WARNING IN TIME our sorrow, in the position of an Australia, own'?" New ~aland, or Canada-a royal province, Representative JoHN M. ROBSION, of Ken- (By William L. Shirer) back once more under the Union Jack instead . tueky, who also supported the resolution, The American people are pretty much of. the Stars and Stripes • * Is there said: "We knew that those in charge of the agreed, as the House debate and vote on the any reason • • • why we should be present administration are strongly inclined Fulbright resolution the other day showed, ashamed of the proposition that \fe are for toward internationalism. Instead of placing that unless this Republic takes a hand in America first? • * • Our forefathers the welfare of our own country first, many preserving the peace, this sorry world will be brought forth the Decla!ation of Independ­ other countries a~e first in their thinking." in for another war 20 to 30 years hence and ence," etc. · Representative HAMILTON FisH, who was in the sons of the veterans of this war, tl}e Britain becomes the real villain to Mr. favor .of the resolution, spoke in the same grandsons of the veterans of the last one, will HoFFMAN as well as to most of the other vein. "The time has come," said he, "for once more have to give up the decent life of speakers against the resolution. some of us at least to take an American view peace to die bloodily on a battlefield. "Today," Mr. HoFFMAN continues, "Great of our foreign policies." And yet the curious propaganda of a small Britain is extending her commercial empire That will be th~ propaganda line. Amer­ but vocal group of our politicos and their while we furnish the sinews of war and aid ica First! Save the Constitution and the press lords plus what Representative RAY J. in financil)g her international trade." Declaration of Independence! Don't sell MADDEN of Indiana, in describing Senator But Representative HOFFMAN is perhaps America out to the perfidious British or the LoDGE's fight against this league, called "leg­ mild on the subject compared to the Con­ Red Bolsheviks! In the immortal words of islative trickery and connivery," may yet com­ gresswoman from Illinois, Miss JESSIE SuM­ Representative WILLIAM LEMKE, "Uncle Sam bine to rob us and our children of the chance NER. She told the Congress that "* * • is not going to be a perpetual Santa Claus. to live for more than a dozen or two years in England is now hated from one end of the • • • They (our returning troops) will the dignity and decency of peace. world to the other • • • English never substitute a mongrel flag for the Stars Few of my ·generation are aware, and our want to finish this war richer than and Stripes." elders probably have forgotten, that Senator they were when they got into it-at Ameri­ Those will be the beautiful words, nicely James E. Watson, the floor leader in the can expense. In addition they want us to wrapped up for the American people in red, Senate fight against the league, admitted give up our independence by joining an al­ white, and blue to disguise their enormous privately at the time, 80 percent of the Amer'" liance which will throw us into every war emptiness and meaninglessness. Those will ican people were for the league. they fight. They are going too far." There seems'little doubt that an equal per­ be the words to wa-tch, the propaganda centage today favors our participation in some WHO AFTER ALL STARTED THE WAR? catchwords that will try to trick us out of It seemed strange to this reporter, pouring another honest attempt to make peace sort of international machinery with the endure. power to maintain the peace. But if 80 through the voluminous pages of the CoN­ percent of the people could be double-crossed GRESSIONAL RECORD, to find that some speak­ The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ZIM· and fooled after the last war, it -would be ers in the debate still implied that the United MERMAN). Under previous order of the naive to believe that it cannot happen again. States-and not Germany and Japan-was House, the gentleman from California

. I 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8211 [Mr. PouLsoN] is recognized for 10 min­ discuss some of the high lights. This is evidence of the most positive and critical utes. known as the Fort Norman wells. The nature discovered was that of the live THE OIL SITUATION Norman wells area is situated about seepages of naphthalene base oil issuing at -1,000 miles north of Edmonton, Alberta. Cape Simpson and _Dease Inlet near Barrow. Mr. POULSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask The results of this exploration also cast unanimous consent to revise and extend It was necessary to build a road to reach considerable light on the stratigraphic aspect my remarks arid include therein certain this oil area because the original trans­ and structure of the terrain underlying the portation was over the most nonpassable reserve. The various data showed· evidence reports. muskeg terrain known in the Alaskan that the rocks contain petroleum, presum­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. With­ regions. A pipe line also had to be built ably at intervals throughout a thickness of out objection, it is so ordered. from the Norman wells to White Horse at least 8,000 feet. There was no objection. on the military highway. The areal extent of the reserve is 35,000 Mr. POULSON. Mr. Speaker, since After years of development, plus the square miles, of which at least one-fourth the return of the five Senators who have recent vigorous efforts, the Norman wells (southern mountainous part) is decidedly made a round-the-world trip of the war have proven to be an inadequate source not of the type usually associated with oil zones, we have heard considerable dis­ areas of economic interest. This unattrac­ of oil for the prevailing needs of our tive part of the reserve, one of severe fold­ cussion about the -fact that the United northerl!-theater of operations. Accord­ ing with a narrow zone of intrusives, is ad­ States is supplying over 65 percent of ing to reports turned in to the Navy by jacent to the Brooks Range thrust fault. the oil for the war, and as a result is well-informed geologists, this territory It may also be considered neutralized by a dwindling its oil reserves to a very dan­ has never compared with our own Alas­ more attractive area of approximately 3,000 gerous position. We only own and con­ kan oil reserve. square miles lying immediately to the west trol 20 percent of the known oil re­ The question I ask this Army-Navy and contiguous with the western boundary of serve of the world. At the same time the reserve, and another large area on the Petroleum Board is why it has not spent trend east between the Colville and Canning they have stated that our ally, Great some of our money exploiting and wild­ Rivers. Britain, has access to the great Persian catting in our own oil reserve where we Adhering strictly to the terminology ap­ oil fields and is not contributing its share. will retain all interest and title if and plied to petroliferous regions, this 35,000- Inasmuch as this subject has -been when we discover oil? square-mile area does not qualify, as yet, to brought to the forefront, I consider it a The reports of different and competent carry the appellation "petroleum reserve." very opportune time to make some fur­ oil experts show that this Alaskan terri­ Only the results of an adequate test with the ther inquiries into this general oil situ­ tory has favorable geologic, climatic, and drilling of at least one carefully spotted lo­ ation, and I address my questions pub­ g-eographic factors. Furthermore, it is cation wm tell whether the area in question licly to Brig. Gen. Walter Pyron and is truly a petroleum reserve. . within our boundaries. It is favorable In either domestic or foreign oil develop­ Capt. A. F. Carter, representing the Navy for present military necessity and there ment, it is an established fact that with an on what is known as the Army-Navy are chances of obtaining a greater.volume attractiYe-looking, but untested region of Petroleum Board. With the impending of oil than is at present produced in Ca­ this character, the practice employed by the cut in gasoline usage on the west coast nadian territory or can be anticipated major oil companies is preliminary struc­ due to the shifting of the war emphasis from this district. ture searching, with a subsequent test of the to the Pacific area, it becomes more im­ Northwestern Alaska located as it · is most favorable looking structure. This task perative than ever that we should ex:­ may be accompliShed by a systematic pros­ in the path of the new short air route pecting campaign in search of a structural plore all known -sources of oil within to Asia definitely becomes a desirable trap. With the known structural trends of our control. spot for oil development, and then realiz­ the area and key reference horizons dis­ The question I ask 'bluntly is this: ing that it has those requisites certainly covered by previous study, a group of four l­ Why has the Board asked for and re­ should command the attention and re­ inch rotocore drills would readily accomplish ceived appropriations running in excess spect of our leaders to the extent that the job. Three or four north-south sections of $100,000,000 for the purpose of ex­ exploration should be made in this terri­ of ~:hallow holes in the region adjacent, and ploiting, or what is commonly known t'l the west of the seepage area, should sup­ tory. The objection previously used was. ply sufficient information with which to spot as wildcatting and prospecting· in the that it was inaccessible for want of the initial test of the reserve. In this re­ most remote and inaccessible part of transportation, but' with the develop­ gion of gentle unbroken folds and a se­ northern Canada not only in behalf of ment of the airplane and air trans­ quence of relatively conformable strata, geo­ Canada but in behalf of private enter­ portation this argument has been re­ physical prospecting is considered unneces­ prise known as the Imperial Oil . Co.? moved. On the affirmative side is the sary. They have done this wildcatting with fact that the development of air trans­ The structure-prospecting program, which the provision that in the event further invariably precedes the oil test, would require portation has definitely increased the that the light portable rotocore equipment oil is discovered we will still pay for it need for petroleum reserves in this iden­ and its operating crews be hauled to the area at the regular market price and we have tical region. by air tram·port. This prospecting operation no rights to it whatever, and all title and I want to-again refer you to a letter should be consummated and a we 1 location interest is retained by the Canadian placed in the RECORD on February 26 made by the time the big-hole drilling equip­ Government and the Imperial Oil Co. from a man with a record in the oil game ment arrives by water transport. The latter Now, this wildcatting with American equal to the best, and who has sufficient equipment would have to be shipped by money for the benefit of our allies would world-wide experience in oil. r also re­ shallow draft barge via Bering Strait to Wain­ not be so questionable were it not for fer you to a report turned in to the Navy wright or Barrow during the months of July and August. the fact that the prospecting of the area Department and the Office of the Budget. During the present crisis, and that impend­ . suggested has been ·restricted to an es­ At this point, I also want to again point ing in the Dutch Harbor-western Aleutian . · tablished but to date limited productive out that the Japanese are fully aware of area, with such a limited supply of oil (Fort portion of a comparatively remote oil these possibilities, and furthermore much Norman), and that at a relatively great dis­ area lying wholly outside of American of this information can be found in our tance from the north Pacific, Aleutians, Ber­ . territory, while the economically attrac­ libraries in the Geological Surveys. I am ing Sea, and the Kotzebue S:mnd-Lisburne tive• United States naval reserve within submitting herewith a memorandum regions, it is necessaz;y for the Navy to test which I have received from an official and develop immediately any promising~ 400 miles of the industrial center of looking oil area with a consequent less severe ~ · Alaska, Fairbanks, northern terminal of source: problem of logistics. the military highway, remains untested. Subject: Importance of United States Naval On the basis of comparison with neighbor­ If our Government had been as enter­ Petroleum Reserve No.4 to the present and ing oil-bearing areas, for example, the Mc­ prising and had used the same initiative post-war economic development of north­ Kenzie delta region and Fort Norman to the in exploring and developing our Alaskan western Alaska. east, the Cold Bay-Aleutian region, and the naval reserve as it had in establishing United States Naval Petroleum Reserve Katalla area, the No.4 reserve, although still No. 4, situated in the northwestern part of unwsted, is outstanding for the various the air route and Alaska military high­ Alaska, is an area roughly rectangular in reaso,'ls as enumerated below: way, the results could have been at least shape with its long· axis trending east-west 1. '1:-he entire production of the Fort Nor.. as much and probably more than at­ and extending from Icy Cape in the west to man area does not exceed at capacity 3,000 tained in the Canadian venture. the mouth of the Colville River in the east. barrels of oil a day. This volume is from For those who are not acquainted with After a detailed reconnaissance geologic a system (Jf some 20 wells located in an a~·ea this Canadian venture, I would like to study of the reserve over a period of 4 years, well over 500 miles from tidewater• . Normally 8212 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 productio~ of such volume is considered of ing and refining their oil, or, as is their prac­ 3 years we have appropriated and author-. minor importa:p.ce and, except under streEs tice elsewhere, of turning it over to capable ized over $325,000,000,000-an inconceiv­ of great necessity, would never warrant the private oil producers and refiners. Once the able sum of money. The total debt of construction of a 500-mile pipe line over initial test has been made and financial risk the allies· of our country, many of which extremely mountainous terrain. eliminated, private interests would welcome Conversely, if an initial test of reserve the opportunity to develop, produce, and have been engaged in World War No.2 No. 4 near Barrow or Wainwright proved an supply Alasl\:an industries with Alaskan oil. for the past 4 years, only equals about oil area of even moderate importance, a pipe To summarize, it appears that production the amount we appropriated in 1 year- line could be readily laid along the Chip­ of oil in this region would not only be of $125,000,000,000. / John-Ray Valley route via Livengood to considerable strateg!_c importance, but would We are appropriating for this year Fairbanks, most important industrial and also greatly stimulate the opening of eco­ alone an amount that exceeds the entire farming district in centra! Alaska. Fair­ nomically potent northwestern and central Axis debt by at least $20,000,000,000. banks, with its intensive mining activities, Alaska to post-war exploitation and com­ It is impossible for 130,000,000 people has outlet to the Pacific by two major routes, merce. It is well known that basic metais the Alaskan Railroad to Seward and the in continental United States are rapidly to withstand this continued avalanche of Richardson Highway to Vaidez, and a third to being depleted. Alaska, a natural reserva­ a drain on their daily earningS. If we the Bering Sea ·by river craft via the Yukon. voir of most of these metals, has, because continue an expenditure of moneys for Moreover, should ·reserve No. 4 produce with of the prohibitive price of fuel (oil and steam the next 3 or 4 years as we have in the only mediocre volume, the fact that the coal) , remained largely undeveloped. How­ past few years, and the signs of the times fields are at tidewater with 3 months' ship­ ever, if Reserve No. 4 is tested and develops point to similar requests, our national ping season is of tremendOU3 importance, into a producing oil area, the mining of basic debt will be four hundred to five hundred both economically and strategically. In this metals in Alaska would unquestionably be­ billion dollars, which will be at least 10 respect reserve No. 4 has an alternative in come of great importance to the internal the case of sabotage or bombing of the pipe economy of Alaska. to 40 percent more than our entire na­ line, while the Norman-Whitehorse line has If oil is developed in Naval Reserve No. 4, tional wealth. none. With shallow draft barges, during a the effect on the industrial development of Mr. Speaker, I am just calling the 3-month period, a fleet of 30 small shallow Alaska would b'e comprehensible only to one House's attention to this trend, with a draft tanl\:er barges could establish a formida­ who is familiar with the industrial possi­ view that its membership and especially ble reserve at various strategic localities be­ bilities of northwestern Alaska and the great the Appropriations Committee: will heed tween the Diomede Islands and the Aleutians. Yukon Basin. the Stop, look, and listen sign and The latter condition appears worthy of fur­ begin to investigate just what is being ther investigation. Mr. Speaker, in line with the necessity No other areas of promising oil possibilities for additional oil, it does seem that the done by the administration with these are known to exist north of the Turner Valley, board should at least give serious imme­ enormous sums that the Congress has Alberta fields. diate consideration to the exploitation blindly given them to spend. 2. Aleut ian-Kodiak area: Due to the pres­ and testing of the Alaskan naval re­ I am of the opinion that the amount ence of volcanics, nearby intrusives, severe serve area. This is a subject for inves­ of money already appropriated this year folding, faulting, and related disturbed zones, tigation by the proper committees in if judiciously expended and the wast~ this area is not considered favorable to ac­ eliminated, will last every department in­ cumulation of oil in commercial quantities. this House. At the same time investi­ Although seepage evidence is preEent, ade­ gation should be made of corporate con­ sofar as our war effort is concerned in quate tests of the region have all been of a nections of the Imp~rial Oil Co. carrying on for at least another 2 years. Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the negative nature. TAXATION AND APPROPRIATIONS 3. Katana: Oil occurs in fractured zones gentleman yield? rather than in true structure with normal Mr. McGEHEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. McGEHEE. I yield. sand conditions. Commercial production in unanimous consent to address the House Mr. HOFFMAN. Does the gentleman this field is of nominal importance. for 6 minutes. favor an inquiry as to what has be'en Since the very event for which U. S. Naval The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there done with lend-lease money, with the Reserve No. 4 was established has now ar­ objection? view of curtailing further expenditure rived-war in the Pacific-it is readily ap­ parent that necessary steps should be taken There was no objection. of that money, br seeing th~t it goes into immediately to prospect and test the most Mr. McGEHEE.. Mr. Speaker, the proper channels? promising looking areas in Reserve No. 4. membership of both branches of the Con­ Mr. McGEHEE. That is one of the The structural prospecting and drilling of gress are very much disturbed because of purposes of my remarks today, to see to one, preferably. two, test wells of adequate the recommendation of the Treasury De­ it that the Appropriations Committee depth (at least 6,000 feet) could be accom­ partment asking for an enormous in­ of this House will scrutinize every ex­ plished with a gross expenditure not to crease in the levying of taxes on the citi­ penditure; not only that but investigate exceed $1,000,000. . zenship of this country for the next fiscal what lend-lease money has been spent Operational conditions in general are not nearly so severe as those of the Shelby-Cut­ year-a program which, if the Congress for already, bank region of Montana, nor those of Turner should adopt, will be absolutely confisca­ Mr. HOFFMAN. That is along the Valley, Alber:ta; the maximum temperature tory. In fact, if any increase should be lines suggested by our .cqlleague from range at Barrow is· from 50° to 90 °. There levied by the Congress, it will have prac­ New York [Mr. TABER] and our col­ are neither mountains nor glac.iers, little tically the same result. league from Ohio [Mr. JoNES]? snow, and less than 6 inehes annual precipi­ The old adage is "the power to tax is Mr. McGEHEE. Yes. tation. the power to destroy." Every nation Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Development of Reserve No. 4 would, by solving the fuel problem in Alaska, unques­ that launched itself on a spending and Will the gentleman yield? tionably be one of the most conspicuous wasteful program to the extent it was Mr. McGEHEE. I yield. events of our post-war planning. necessary to levy taxes out of line and Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. ·I The surface terrain overlying the presumed not commensurate with the income of imagine the gentleman always felt as I oil series from Cape Lisburne to the Canning the public, created revolutions and chaos. did, that before lend-lease went into ef­ River, east of Barrow, also contains one of History alone reveals their once exist­ fect we should have had some arrange­ the richest worlmble series of high rank ence. ment with other countries and we ~hould bituminous coal on the North American Con­ This Nation started that program 10 have been able to tell just exactly what tinent. There are no major bituminous years ago; it has reached the stage to. they were going to do for us. coal deposits an· the Pacific slope. All coal distributed for Bering Sea (Nome) and lower day under the guise of the successful Mr. McGEHEE. My thought was Yulwn consumption is imported at great prosecution of the conflict we are now when the first lend-lease bill was placed cost from the bituminous fields of Colorado engaged in that the amounts asked for before this Congress, that it should have and Wyoming. Fuel oil and gasoline for the and appropriated by the Congress are been in the form of loans to our Allied Seward Peninsula gold dredging and related such stupendous sums that it is impos­ Governments rather than a lend-lease mining operat ions is transported 3,000 miles sible for the minds of the ordinary per· program. If they never repaid it, then from the California fields. Naval Reserve No. son to visualize. we would know exactly what it was 4 is less than 500 miles distant from Nome by water route. We have appropriated already for the loaned to them for, and we could keep up If Reserve No. 4 were tested and found to fiscal year July 1, 1943, to July 1, 1944, with it then. As it is, my information is contain petroleum in commercial quantities, more than four times the entire cost of that th ,~re is being sent to our Allied the Navy could have the option of produc- World War. No. 1. In fact, in the past countries every conceivable article that 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8213 they desire; that those articles are being will amount to when already we have in the hearings or in the' lend-lease re­ purchased under lend-lease to be used authorized and appropriated sixty billion ports that we are maintaining the civil­ after the war is over, thereby filling up for this one purpose. ian economies of the United Nations. their countries with the articles that We are told that much of this money The weasle-worded lend-lease reports our people are deprived of today in their is being spent and utilized by our Allied hide all of this international \V. P. A. necessary avocations. Nations for goods that the people of this program that the Lend-Lease Adminis­ Mr. DONDERO. Will the gentleman country are being deprived of, when they tration has started and Congress, in its yield? . are so necessary to carry on their proper innocence and trust, has been takeh in. Mr. McGEHEE. I yield. avocations, or necessary equipment in One splendid example of that is the lend­ Mr. DONDERO. The gentleman from their personal lives, which would not be lease in reverse propaganda. Mississippi is making a very interesting done if the funds were loaned to them. 'Fhe lend-lease reports and the lend­ statement and a very thought-provok­ Remember membership, in my opinion, lease idealists highlight the fact that ing one. I had occasion to examine the none of these funds will ever be repaid. lend-lease works both ways. W'ithout assessed valuation of the United States The Appropriation.s Committee should citing the ton1,1ages of our lend-lease, not long ago and I find it is about $209,- scrutinize most closely the expenditures the lend-lease reports say that from June 0CO,OOO,OOO. The figure that the gentle­ by the different agencies in the prosecu­ 1, 1942, to April 1, 1913. Great Britain man gives us will be double the assessed tion of the war. I am sure each Member spipped us 1,643,000 ship tons as lend­ valuation of the entire country at the has the information of the enormous lease in reverse. When you are through end of this war. Does not the gentleman surplus of certitin materials that are reading lend-lease reports, you gain the think that we are engaging in a wrong being hoarded throughout the world for impression that lend-lease in reverse is program when we are looking for sub­ rehabilitation program that we should inexorably tied to our lend-lease pro­ sidization of nearly every activity of the not · participate in as a Santa Claus gram so we could not quit lend-leasing American peoplef I am thinking of a bringing gifts. There are those who are if we wanted to. However, when you bill in another Chamber in this Capitol in key positions of our Government who examine the facts and discover the size which will be taken up this week, look­ advocate this world Utopia and daily in of our shipments, the lend-lease in re­ ing for $300,000,000 annually to subsidize the furtherance of their plans, after the verse theory is exploded like a bubble. education in this country. They want Congress appropriates the moneys, are From May 1, 1942, to May 1, 1943, we subsidies for the libraries of the country. carrying them out, thereby placing this shipped 20,000,000 tons for our own Does not -the gentleman think that is the burden on the 130,000,000 people of ..this Army to do the same thing that lend­ wrong trend? country, when there are a billion souls lease does in addition to furnishing our Mr. McGEHEE. I would rather not involved, who certainly must have their own troops to man and expend theni for express myself at this moment on that - part and share in world rehabilitation the same purposes as lend-lease, to wit: rather than enslave the people of these To maintain the territorial integrity of broad question. our allies. · Mr. JONES. Will the gentleman great United States. The five Senators who have just made At the same time the Navy was ship­ yield? ping supplies to its forces at the rate of Mr. McGEHEE. I yield. a global trip to all the battle fronts of the world, have only .revealed those 8,538,051 long tons per year. This does Mr. JONES. I congratulate the gen­ things that we knew already, but they not include our lend-lease tonnages but tleman on the statement he has made. have brought first-hand information are merely the tonnages to supply and I would like to point out something that and it is time for this Congress to wake equip our own fighting forces. is generally misunderstood in connec­ up, and at least when they appropriate While I do not have the lend-lease tion with the transfer to England of our money again or levy more taxes on the tonnages for the same period, for the lend-lease supplies, that that is not the people, know how the funds are going first 6 months in this year lend-lease end of the proposition. They have also to be spent. tonnages were 11,000,000 long tons. This increased the price of the things trans­ The SPEAKER 'pro tempore. The time would make a total ton:qage of Army, ferred, and have collected the original of the gentleman has again expired. Navy, and lend-lease at the rate of price plus a profit from the people to 50,000,000 tons a year. This would in­ whom they have transferred. This has Mr. JONES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ imous consent to address the House for dieate that lend-lease to our allies and not been developed by the six Senators the supplies to our Army and Navy which who have come back from foreign coun­ 5 minutes. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there will do the same immediate job--that is, tries. ma,intaining the .territorial integrity of Mr. McGEHEE. If our Committee on objection? There was no objection. our allies-represents a highway of 50 Appropriations will go thoroughly_into lanes flowing from the United States and this matter there will be things revealed Mr. JONES. Mr. Speaker, it is indeed encouraging to find Members of the 1 lane flowing to the United States as to the Congress and the people of the lend-lease in reverse. United States that will be most astound­ House and of the other body in Congress giving some scrutiny at least to the Lend­ Australia, Belgium, Fighting France, ing. Lease Administration. On May 21, New Zealand, and Great Britain are the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The when we had the last $6,000,000,000 ap­ only nations having lend-lease in re­ time of the gentleman has expired. propriation ]:)~fore the Congress of the verse agreements signed with us. Ac­ Mr. McGEHEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask United States, I stood in the Well of this cording to my best estimates, the lend­ unanimous consent to· proceed for 3 -ad- House and pleaded with the membership lease highway that the political idealists ditional minutes. · to scrutinize that appropriation. I talk about presents a picture of a broad The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without thought then, and I think nnw, that highway of 51 lanes-50 in the direction objection, it is so ordered. every cent of that $6,000,000,000 was for of our allies and not more than 2 in our There was no objection. the purpose of maintaining the civilian direction. Mr. McGEHEE. Mr. Speaker, I think economy of the United Nations, and par­ The United States, with a population the Congress should at once repeal our ticularly Great Britain. I do not think, of 135,000,000 people, is keeping 50 lanes lend-lease program and whatever sums even if our-hearts urged us to do it, that full of supplies going to the fifty-odd that are necessary to furnish our allies 135,000,000 people can maintain the in­ battle fronts of the world, while the Brit­ should be loaned to them and the ex­ ternal economy of 500,000,000 people and ish Empire, with 500,000,000 people are penditure of it confined to those things more of the British Empire. I do not maintaining 1 to 2 lanes of lend-lease in necessary for the prosecution of the war. think that our 135,000,000 people can reverse. We are today spending under the lend­ maintain the internal economy of Lend-lease working both ways by sh:lp lease approximately one and a half bil­ 457,000,000 Chinese and 170,000,000 tonnages is an exploded theory. From lion dollars a month, or at the rate of Soviets. . In other words, United States sources very close to Lend-Lease Admir.t­ eighteen to twenty billion a year, and all cannot maintain the internal economy istration and from responsible official~. the war strategists predict the war will for 1,127,000,000 people and fight a global I learned that the cash value of lend­ last 2 or 3 years more, hence, you can war successfully without breaking up in­ lease in reverse from all nations readily see what an enormous sum this ternally. You do not find any evidence amounted to approxim~tely $800,000,000 8214 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE OCTOBER 11 in December i942. This was $60,000,000 tories. Most significantly it works both Lend-lease appropriations'to date are . less than Congress has given to the Pres­ ways-the first way by preventing infla­ $65,726,650,000, which is $4,000,000,000 ident for his secret war emergency funds. tion in England by shipments of food more than Great Britain, Canada, Aus­ On a dollar valuation as of the first of and other civilian commodities whose tralia, and New Zealand have appropri­ this year, lend-lease in reverse is a mere values are higher than the subsidies paid ated for their entire war effort from the bagatelle. by England to maintain her price levels, beginning of hostilities-from the year There is another way that lend-lease and the second way, lend-lease adds to 1939, the outbreak of the war. The ap­ is working both ways. In England we the $2,000,000,000 we are spending in propriations by years for Great Britain, are spending $203,000,000 more for food cash in the American republics and Canada, Australia, and New Zealand are shipments to England than England is hastening their threat of inflation. · as follows: paying in subsidies to freeze the pric!e of food. The Lend-Lease Administration Great Britain Canada Australia New Zealand program of maintaining the civilip.n economies of the United Nations in the 1939______$5,355,917, 748 $100, 000, 000 $42, 664, 811 ~. 240,000 British case, operates against inflation, 1940______10,800, 160, 592 835, 000, 000 223, 103, 658 26, 112, 825 . while in South America it tends to drive 1941______14,636,019,480 1, 435,000,000 2, 002, 600, 000 116, 626, 239 3, 000, 000, 000 1 1, 035, 803, 960 211, 681, 142 them into inflation. It is estimated that 1942------1------l------l------l------21,564,019,480 the United States, acting through many 'l'otai__ ------52,356, 117, 300 5, 370, 000, 000 3, 303, 677, 430 357, 660, 207 agencies of the Government, will spend $2 ,000,000,000 in South America alone. 1 This figure also includes 1943. \Ve are making enormous expenditures The amount that we are furnishing to tion to the victories of the United Na­ for strategic materials, building high­ the other nations is underestimated be­ tions. The totals are as follows: ways through their swamp lands, and cause many people have not realized the United Kingdom------$3,116,000,000 establishing rubber plantations, in addi­ change in conception of aid to bur allies Union of Soviet Socialist Re- tion to our industrialization program. since Pearl Harbor. Oftentimes the . publics ______-___ 1, 822, 000, 000 The Army and Navy are spending money newspapers discuss lend-lease in terms Africa and Middle East______1, 000,000,000 for permanent facilities there and charg­ of round figures of $25,000,000,000. This China, India, Australia; New ing them up to the Army and Navy ap­ is merely the amount that has been ap:.. Zealand ------875, 000, 000 propriations, r_ather than lend-lease. propriated to the President of the United Oth~r------292,000,000 All these activities in South America States and is a portion of the fund that But lend-lease's own figures indicate for which we will pay the South Ameri­ is principally used to maintain the civil­ the United Kingdom still gets one and can Republics in cash $2,000,000,000, is ian economies of our allies and is under seven-tenths times as much as Russia, driving them into inflation. The latest the direct supervision of Edw~rd Stet,. and the latest figures for China alone developments of Nelson Roclt:efeller's, tinius, Administrator of Lend Lease Ad­ . show that England received .· over 700 office, Coordinator of Inter-American ministration. times as much as China. Affairs, has been to advise the South Since the war, the Army, Navy, and Lend-Lease Administration is not American republics how to escape infla­ Maritime Commission have sought what . geared to the war. The enormous equip­ tion. they called defense aid limitations' ment and supplies for our troops in the The Lend Lease Act originally was in­ on the funds appropriated in their own various theaters of the war, for whom no tended for aid to those countries who supply bills. The Army, Navy, Maritime one gets an accounting, of necessity are were not able to buy equipment of war Commission, and departments other responsible for the gains we are making from us because they lacked credits or than War have a total limitation on in the South Pacific, the victory of north international exchange from which to their appropriations of $41,116,650,000. Africa, Pantelleria, and Sicily. Wher­ purchase them from us. In addition to that, the Navy Depart­ ever our American troops are fighting The Ametican · republics present the ment may lease ships without any dopar and throwing the weight of munitions a!Jsolute opposite picture, however; every value limitation. The total appropria­ and supplies purchased with the $330,- one of them are listed among the 46 na­ tions in cash that are available for aid 000,000,000 of appropriations of our tions entitled to lend-lease. The entire to our allies is $65,700,000,000. As of Army and Navy in those places we are lend-lease nations are as follows: December 31, 1942, the transfer of lend­ winning victories. Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, lease goods and services was as follows: Neither lend-lease transfers nor ex­ Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, United Kingdom ______$3, 959, 950, 000 ports show a direct relationship to the Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Do­ Australia·, New Zealand, In- victories won by the United Nations. minican Republic, Ecuador-, Egypt, El dia, and other British Ter- The enormous sums transferred or ex­ ritories, Egypt______2, 393, 193, 000 ported to the United Kingdom are ex­ Salvador, Eth~opia, Fighting France, Union of Soviet Socialist Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Republics ______' 1, 532, 230, 000 plained in part by the answer of Mr. Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Liberia, Lux­ China______156,738,000 Stettinius to one of 68 questions I sub­ embourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zea­ other______210,62aooo mitted to him May 5. I quote the ques­ land, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Par­ tion: aguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Saudi TotaL------8, 252, 733, 000 39. In the December 31 report, at pages 36 Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United and 37, there is a category in the table en­ At that time I charged that lend-lease titled "Australia, New Zealand, India, other Kingdom, U. S. S. R., Uruguay, Vene­ material ·was moving to territories in in­ British territories, Egypt" for expenditures of zuela, Yugoslavia. verse proportion to the victories of the $2,39a,l93,000. Will you please name the The Naval Appropriation Act for the United Nations on the 50-:odd battle countries, territorie~, possessions, islands, or fiscal year 1944, Public, No. 92, approved fronts of the world. other political subdivisions represented by June 26, 1943, contains approximately The May 25, 1943, report of Lend-Lease "other British territories" in this table? $552,000,000 justified for the United Na­ Administrator Stettinius says: Mr. Stettinius answered as follows: tions. Of this amount, $383,000,000 is In view of the global nature of the war, In the table to which you refer the follow~ justified under the appropriation the name of the government to which goods ing are included under the category "Aus­ "Maintenance, Bureau of Ships," $12,- are transferred does not necessarily indi­ tralia, New Zealand, India, other British ter­ 000,000, or 3 percent, of which is for the cate the battle front on which the goods will ritories, Egypt": American republics. On this basis, 3 be used • • • hence, in considering aid Aden, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Australla, percent of $552,000,000, or approxi­ by countries, the export figures give a bet­ Bahrein, Bahamas, ~arbados, Bermuda, Brit­ ter picture of' the part played by lend-lease ish East Africa, British Honduras, British mately $16,000,000 would be allotted to Malaya, British Oceania, British South Africa, the American republics. The Army has in various fronts of the war than do the figures on transfers. Table II shows the . Burma, Canada,! Ceylon, .cyprus, Egypt, Falk- a similar lend-lease program in which monthly total of lend-lease exports by South America participates. 1 Lend-lease goods included 1n the table countries. which have been transferred to Canada were Lend-Lease Administration is not for incorporation in articles furnished by geared to the war; its transfers to other I now quote from the cumulative total Canada to the United Kingdom or to replace nations and ·its exports are in inverse of table II, and I submit that the exports goods previously purchased by Canada and proportion to the United States' vic- are still to countries in inverse propor- incorporated in such articles. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8215 land Islands, Gambia and Sierra Leone, Gi­ This explains why lend-lease· alloca­ Lord, that sine~ the Republica~s alone braltar, Gold Coast, Hong Kong, India, Ja­ tions, transfers, and deliveries have been cannot do it, we hope that we will be maica, Leeward Islands, Malta and Gozo, Mauritius, Newfoundland and Labrador, New made to countries in inverse proportion joined in this effort by the Democrats. Guinea, New Zealand, Nigeria, Palestine and to where our victories are won, as I Mr. JONES. I sincerely do. Transiajordan, Rhodesia,' Trinidad and To­ warned you on March 10. There is great Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, will the bago, Union of South Africa, Windward clamor now to hear the Senators in exe­ gentleman yield? Islands, British forces in Iran and Iraq. cutive session, in off-the-record oc­ Mr. JONES. I yield to the gentleman The United States is making a tremen­ casions. Mr. Speaker and Members of from N~braska. dous effort in the global war. Our armed the House, I maintain that our officials Mr. CURTIS. The gentleman has forces are giving a splendid account of in the Lend-Lease Administration and rendered a valuable ·service throughout themselves wherever they have met the in other Government agencies and even the months in sincere effort, both as a enemy. We will need every friend we the President, himself, should deal with Member of the House and as a member . can gain at the peace table and should this Co:1gress above the boards. We of the Appropriations Committee, and I have every ounce of good will earned by should not have to wait until our toil, would like to ask him this question: the sacrifice and devotion of our armed sweat, and tears are dissipated for the Why is it that the majority leadership forces and civilian population on the internal economy of our allies before on the Appropriations Committee usu­ fighting front, on the financial front, and we can get the truth confirmed by Sena­ ally brings in a bill that provides funds the moral and spiritual front. We cer­ tors. not only for the regular establishments, tainly should earn the good will of every Now, at this late hour, after we have but ties these lend-lease funds in the island, nation, or territory who receive appropriated $65,500,000,000, after the same bill so that the Members of Con­ benefits from the United States. The Senators have made a 40,000-mile trip gress, if we are not satisfied with the around the globe, Congress begins to showing that the committee has made, admission of Mr. Stettinius that goods look into it. But it was our responsibil­ are transferred to these 56 nations by the cannot vote against the funds so pro­ British Empire shows conclusively that. ity before we voted the money to limit vided without voting against the entire its uses to military items. Within the bill? Why is that always done? someone else is gaining the good will to next 2 or 3 days I am going to·introduce which we ·are rightfully entitled. From Mr. JONES. I was inclined to make Aden through the alphabet to the Wind­ a bill to recover back into the Federal the same criticism, but it is a criticism ward Islands, the United States should Treasury money that is scheduled for that cannot now be made. This same deal with each one of these countries nonmilitary items, gifts, and services. House by an overwhelming majority­ direct to earn friends for America. I will present a bill to abolish the Lend­ there were only five votes against-voted Lend-lease is losing thenl for us. Lease Administration and limit aid to for this last $6,000,000,000 appropriation The hearings have never disclosed any our allies to military items. for Lend-Lease Administration. It was Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the a bill for Lend-Lease Administration and of the material that the -senators now gentleman yield?- Lend-Lease Admini~tration alone. It did bring back to you. I must confess that Mr. JONES. I yield to the .gentleman this House was not impressed with in­ not provide money for the army or the from Michigan. navy of our allies; it was purHy for the formation I gave you on May 21 and Mr. HOFFMAN. The gentleman from which the Senators have now confirmed. Ohio need have no regrets about · the civilian economy of the nations of the Perhaps you had more confidence in the world and that was the sole question that waste of this money. . I recall very dis­ was put to us on May 21, 1943. statements ·made by the Administrator tinctly when, as a member of the Com­ of Lend-Lease. mittee on Appropriations, not only on What was the House's attitude toward Here is a typical example of a ques­ the floor of the House, but in the lobbies disclosures similar to those now made by tion submitted to Mr. Stettinius by a as well, he protested most vigorously the Senators? Instead of a reaction to member of the Foreign Affairs Com­ against what he saw coming and prophe­ get at the facts, instead of listening to mitte-e: sied what would happen, and what he warnings of abuse by Lend-Lease Ad~ Mr. ScHIFFLER. • • • Are any of the prophesied has happened and it hf\S been ministration, you will remember several things that have been administered under working out just as he predicted, and I Members took the floor and accused me lend-lease and shipped abroad being utilized of making a personal attack upon the or are they being used for commercial pur­ remember how the gentleman from Ohio was criticized very severely by other Lease-Lend Administrator. The House poses by any of the nations receiving them? clearly missed the boat. Mr. STETTINIUS. Not unless they are filling Members because he objected to the pro­ an essential ·service in connection with the gram of lend-lease when he was advo­ Mr. HOFFMAN. Mr. Speaker, will prosecution of the war. There might be a cating that the money should be spent by the gentleman yield at that point? small number of replacement parts, spark the Army and the Navy for equipping Mr. JONES. I yield. plugs, that are finding their way into the our forces, and should not be usad and Mr. HOFFMAN. Not only, that but civilian life of a country, but only if that is expended under Harry· Hopkins and the gentleman was accused of hindering creating necessary transportation to muni­ the war effort, of being disloyal and un- tions workers or for doctors or for air-raid others to· create a sort of a world-wide wardens or something of the kind. r can W.P.A. . pat:dotic. The gentleman told them assure you no spark plugs and no tires are Mr. JONES. I thank the gentlema:1 that some of the money would be wasted being used for. purposes of the civilian popu­ for his contribution. I want to call your but he had no idea, I believe, that the lation in lend-lease countries that are not attention to the fact that when I sub­ expenses· of Eleanor's trip and Willkie's an essential purpose connected with the pros­ mitted 68 questions to Mr. Stettinius trip throughout the world were going to ecution of the war. about lend-lease there arose a great deal be financed with the taxpayers' money. Mr. Speaker, that answer is a false­ of criticism on and off the floor against Mr. JONES. I thank the gentleman hood, and if not known by Mr. Stettinius your colleague. The answers to those for his observation. it certainly is no recommendation for questions were not given to any Member Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance him as Under Secretary of State. As a of Congress until the majority leader, in of my time. matter of fact, we ship all of the oil the heat of debate, said he would get the SENATE ENROLLED BILL SIGNED that the Navy can get in tankers for al­ answers to me. Two months later I got location to the north African theater of the answers to the questions. And, to The SPEAKER announced his signa­ war. From the oil delivered to Africa, this date, it has not begun to permeate ture to an enrolled bill of the Senate of the Army and Navy make their requests the country how big is the job of getting the following title: and the balance is turned over to the lend-lease facts. It is a job that requires S. 755. An act to amend the National Hous­ country for consumption in private com­ personnel and the hard work of every in­ ing Act, as now or hereafter amended, so as to give protection to persons in military serv­ mercial channels. The government col­ dividual Member of Congress, in the in:. ice, and their dependents, as to certain mort­ lects the money and enhances its terest of our country. Certainly, it is entirely too big to be located in the files gages. treasury to that extent. In the British ADJOURNMENT case, they retransfer our oil, collect the of one Member of Congress and analyzed money from the transferee country, and by a few for the membership of Con­ Mr. HOCH. Mr. Speaker, I move that stick the money in their treasury, in gress. the House do now adjourn. addition to earning the good will. This Mr. HOFFMAN. Well, the gentleman The motion was agreed to; accordingly I told you on May 21. will join with me in praying to the good (at 2 o'clock and 47 minutes) the House

I 8216 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE OCTOBER ll J adjourned until tomorrow, Tuesday, Oc­ w. s. A. on foreign-flag vessels or con­ COMMrrTEE ON PATENTS tober 12, 1943, at 12 o'clock noon. tracted for and performed wholly out­ The Committee on Patents will hold a side the United States, so that the , hearing on H. R. 2994, Wednesday, Octo­ COMMITTEE HEARINGS coverage for such benefits for seamen ber 13, 1943, at 10:30 a. m., in the com­ COM MITTEE ON PENSIONS employees of the W. S. A. shall be in line mittee. room, 416 House Office Building. with the coverage in case of similar serv­ The Committee on Pensions will hold ices by seamen employed by private ship­ a public hearing on Tuesday.., October ping operators. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, h"'TC. 12, 1943, at 10 a. m. H. R. 3260'. A bill to amen<;l the Merchant Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive At that time consideration will be given Marine Act, 1936, as amended, to provide for communications were taken from the to the following bills: requisition or purchase of vessels owned by Speaker's table and referred as fQllows: subsidiaries of American corporations. H. R. 2350. A bill to liberalize the service 831. 'i\ letter ;from the Secretary of the pension laws relating to veterans of the War Treasury, transmitting a draft of a proposed with Spain, the Philippine, Insurrection, and The pjurpose of the bill is to authorize the requisition or purchase under the bill to remit claims of the United States on the China Relief Expedition, and their de- account of overpayments to part-time char­ pendents. . Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as amended, women in the Bureau of Engraving and H. R. 2784. A bfll to amend section 2 of the of vessels owned by American concerns Printing, and for other purposes; to the Com­ act entitled "An act granting pensions and through foreign subsidiaries but which mittee on Claims. increase of pensions to certain soldiers and are not owned by United States citizens 832. A letter from the Chairman, Board of sailors of the War with Spain, the Philip­ within the terms of the Merchant Marine Investigation and Research, transmitting its pine Insurrection, or the China Relief Expe­ estimate of personnel requirements for the dition, to certain maimed soldiers, to certain Act and which are not idle foreign ves­ sels within the terms of the act of June quarter ending December 31, 1943; to the widows, minor children, and helpless chil­ Committee on the Civil Service. • ,dren of such soldiers and sailors, and for 6, 1941.-Public, No. 101, Seventy-seventh 833. A letter from the Administrative Of­ other purposes," approved May 1, 1926. Congress. ficer, Office for Emergency Management, Pres­ COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND H. R. 3261. A bill to amend the act of April ident's Committee on Fair Employment Prac­ GROUNDS 29, 1943, to authorize the return to private tice, quarterly estimate of personnel require­ ownership of Great Lakes vessels and vessels ments covering the quarter ending December There will be a meeting of the com­ of 1,000 gross tons or less, and for other 31, 1943, of the President's Committee on Fair mittee at 10 a. m. on Tuesday, October purposes. Employment Practice; to the Committee on 12, 1943, for consideration of H. R. 2909 The purpose of the bill is, by amend­ the Civil Service. and H. R. 3306. 834. A letter from E. G. Allen, rear admiral, ing Public Law 44, Seventy-eighth Con­ United States Navy, Director of Budget and . COMMITTEE ON THE MERCHANT MARINE AND gress, to authorize the return of Great FISHERIES Reports, transmitting report showing the Lakes vessels and vessels of 1,000 gross name, age, regal residence, rank, branch of The Committee on the Merchant Ma­ tons or less which are owned by the service, with special qualifications_ therefor, rine and Fisheries •wm hold a public United States under the procedure of of each person commissioned from civilian hearing on Tuesday, October 12, 1943, at Public Law 44 for the return to private life in the Navy from July 30, 1943, to Sep­ 10 a.m. • ownership of vessels to which the United tember 29, 1943, and in the Marine Corps and At that time consideration will be States has. title which are no longer Coast Guard from August 1, 1943, to Sep­ tember 30, 1943; to the Committee on Naval given to the following bills: needed in the war effort. Affairs. H. R. 3257. A bill to amend subtitle-insur­ H. R. 3262. A bill to amend section _2 (b) 835. A communication from the President... ance of title II of the Merchant Marine Act, of Public Law 17, Seventy-eighth Congress, of the United States, transmitting two pro­ 1936, as amended, to authorize suspension of relating to functions of the War Shipping posed . provisions affecting existing appro­ the statute of limitations in certain cases, Administration, and for other purposes. priations of the· Pepartment of Agriculture and for other purposes. for the fiscal year 1944 (H. Doc. No. 334); to The purpose of the bill is to expressly the Committee on Appropriations and or­ The purposes of the bill is to affirm authorize the waiver of recovery of sea­ dered to be printed. and clarify the authority of theW. S. A. men's insurance payments by theW. S. A. 836. A communication from the President to agree to a waiver of the statute of particularly in cases where insuranc,e has of the United States, transmitting a draft of limitations in connection with claims been paid to beneficiaries on the assump­ a proposed provision pertaining to the ap­ arising from insurance agreements in tion that the missing seamen were dead, propriation for the Office of Defense Trans­ case of missing vessels, in order to pro­ but later are found to be alive. The bill portation, Office for Emergency Management, vide for prompt settlement of both ma­ fiscal year 1944 (H. Doc. No. 335); to the follows a similar provision With respect Committee on Appropriations and ordered to rine risks and war risks b~volved. to recovery of benefits paid by the Vet­ be printed. H. R. 3258. A bill to prevent double recov­ erans' Administration. 837. A letter from the Secretary of State, ery on claims under section 1 (a) of Public H. J.'Res. 158. Joint resolution to establish transmitting a copy of the information which Law 17, Seventy-eighth Congress, relating to a Board of Visitors for the United States has been submitted to the Director of the seamen employed by the United States Merchant Marine Academy. Bureau of the Budget for his use in deter­ through the War Shipping Administr!ition: mining the number of . employees required The purpose of the resolution is to by the Department of State during the second The purpose of the bill is to limit the provide for a Board of Visitors to the quarter of the fiscal year 1944; to the Com­ possibility of double or overlapping re­ mittee on the Civil Service. · covery on account of death or injury of United States Merchant Marine Acad­ seamen employed as employees of the emy similar to that provided for the United States Coast Guard Acad~my. R:fi:PORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC United States by theW. S. A. The possi­ BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS bility of such ove:l:lapping recovery arises H. J. Res. 161. Joint resolution to provide in cases of seamen who are entitled to cash awards to personnel of the Maritime Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of sue under the law of the United States Commission and the War Shipping Admin­ committees were delivered to the Clerk istration for useful suggestions to improve for printing and reference to the proper in case of death or injury and may also administration of their activities. be entitled to sue under foreign law on calendar, as follows: account of the same casualty. The purpose of the resolution is to Mr. BENNETT of Michigan: Com~ittee on Immigration and Naturalization, part 2, mi­ H. R. 3259. A bill to clarify the application authorize the Maritime Commission and the War Shipping Administration to pay nority views on H. R. 3070. A bill . to repeal of section 1 (b) of Pu'Qlic Law 17, Seventy­ the Chinese Exclusion Act, to establish eighth Congress, to certain services per­ cash awards for su5gestions received quctas, and for other purposes; without formed by seamen as employees of the United from employees to increase efficiency or amendment (Rept. No. 732). Referred to the States through the War Shipping Adminis­ improYe the functioning of the agencies. tration. Committee of the Whole House on the state The Committee on the Merchant :Ma­ of the Union. The purpose of the bill is to exclude rine and Fisheries will hold a public Mr. BATES of Massachusetts: Committee hearing on Tuesday, October 19, 1943, at on Naval Affairs. S. 1113. An act to amend from consideratiOI). for the purposes of section 11 of the Naval Aviation Cadet Act of .old-age and survivors insurance bene-' 10 a. m., on H. R. 3334, to amend sec­ 1942; without amendment (Rept. No. 737). fits, services of seamen employed as em­ tion 216 of the Merchant Marine Act, Referred to the Committee of the Whole ployees of the United States by the 1936, as amended. House on the state of the Union. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8217 Mrs. SMITH of Maine: Committee on Naval vide for furnishing transportation ln Gov­ By Mr. LUDLOW: Affairs. S. 1132. An act to amend the ernment-owned automotive vehicles for em­ H. Con. Res. 46. Concurrent . resolution to Naval Reserve Act of 1938, so as to provide ployees of the Veterans' Administration at establish a balanced · nondefense National for the payment of a uniform gratuity to cer­ field stations in the absence of adequate pub,. Budget; to the Committee, on Rules. tain officers recalled to active duty; without lie or private transportation; without amend­ H. Con. Res. 47. Concurrent resolution to amendment (Rept. No. 738). Referred to ment (Rept. No. 750). Referred to the Com­ welcome the people of Italy to the family of the Committee of the Whole House on the mittee of the Whole House on the state of liberated nations: to the Committee on For- state of the Union. the Union. eign Affairs. . Mr. HARRIS of Virginia: Committee on By Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin: Naval Affairs. S. 1170. An act authorizing H. Res. 316. Resolution creating a select the conveyance to the State of Virginia, for PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS committee to investigate operations under an highway purposes only, of a portion of the Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public bills act to promote the defense of the United Naval Mine Depot Reservation at Yorktown, and resolutions were introduced and States; to the Committee on Rules. Va.; without amendment (Rept. No. 739). H. Res. 317. Resolution ~ o provide fc ex­ Referred to the Committee of the Whole severally referred as follows: penses of the investigation authorized by House on the state of the Union. By Mr. SASSCER: House Resolution 316; to the Committee on Mr. MAAS: Committee on Nava,l Affairs. H. R. 3418. A bill to provide for promotion Accounts. H. R. 2976. A blll to grant -military ranlt to of certain American prisoners of war; to the By Mr. BUTLER: certain members of the Navy Nurse Corps; Committee on Military Affairs. H. Res. 318. Resolution to investigate the without amendment (Rept. No. 740). Re­ By Mr. BARRY: cause for the numerous fatal accidents in the ferred to the Committee of the Whole House H. R. 3419. A bill to continue the pay of military flying forces of- the United States; on the state of the Union. all persons serving, in the armed forces of to the Committee on Rules. Mr. COLE of New York: Committee on the United States for 1 year after the termi­ By Mr. RANKIN: Naval Affairs. H. R. 3223. A bill to provide nation of the present conflict; to the Commit­ H. Res. 319. Resolution inviting Senators for reimbursement of officers, enlisted men, te~ on Military Affairs. RUSSELL, CHANDLER, MEAD, LODGE, and BREW­ and others in the naval service of the United By Mr. LEA: STER to address the House of Representatives States for property lost, damaged, or de­ ·H. R. 3420. A bill to amend the Civil Aero­ in executive session; to the Committee on stroyed in such service; with amendment nautics Act of 1938, as amended, and for other Rules. (Rept. No. 741) . Referred to the Committee purposes; tC' the Committee on Interstate and By Mr. SAUTHOFF: of the Whole House on the state of the·union. Fo!reign Commerce. H. Res. 320. Resolution authorizing the Mr. DREWRY: Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr. BULWINKLE: Committee on Agriculture to investigate the H. R. 3224. A bill to establlsh the grades of H. R. 3421. A bill to amend section 408 of price paid and received by and the profits of commissioned warrant officer and warrant the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, as amended, wholesalers and other handlers of food; to officer in the United States Marine Corps, and · relating to consolidations, mergers, and ac­ the Committee on Rules. for other purposes; without amendment quisitions of control; to the Committee on (Rept. No. 742). Referred to the Committee Interstate and Foreign Commerce. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS of the Whole House on the state of the Union. · By Mr. FARRINGTON: Mr. MAAS: committee on Naval ~airs. H. R. 3422. A bill to increase the number Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private H. R. 3225. A bill to amend the act of May of cadets at the United States Military Aca­ 27,_1908, as amended, authorizing settlement bills and resolutions were introduced and demy allowed for Delegates in Congress; to severally referred as follows: of accounts of deceased officers and enlisted the Committee on Military Affairs. men of the Navy and Marine Corps; with H. R. 3423. A bill to increase the number of By Mr. ANGELL: amendment (Rept. No. 743) . Referred to midshipmen at the United States Naval Aca­ H. R. 3430. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Hazel the Committee of the Whole House on the demy allowed for Delegates in Congress; to the Stutte; to the Committee on Claims. , state of the Union. Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr. BYRNE: Mr. BATES of Massachusetts: Committee By Mr. HAGEN: H. R. 3431. A bill for the relief of the Home on Naval Affairs. H. R. 3230. A bill to amend H. R. 3424. A bill to authorize payments in Insurance Co. of New York; to the Committee section 12 of the Naval Aviation Cadet Act. lieu of taxes to States and political sub­ on Claims. of 1942; with amendm'ent (Rept. No. 744). divisions thereof ln which real property has By Mr. McGREGOR: Referred to the Committee of the Whole been acquired by the United States for mili­ H. R. 3432. A bil_l for the relief of Thomas House on the state of the Union. tary purposes, Indian lands, wildlife. refuges, E. Schacher; to the Committee on Claims. Mr. BLAND: .committee on the Merchant national forests, and national parks; to the By Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin: Marine and Fisheries. H. R. 2924. A bill to Committ ee on the Public Lands. H. R. 3433. A bill for the relief of Isa H. give effect to the Provisional Fur Seal Agree­ By Mr. HARNESS of Indiana: Yunker; to the Committee on Claims. ment of 1942 between the United States of H. R. 3425. A bill redefining sea duty and By Mr. TIBBOTI': America and Canada; to protect the fur seals duty beyond the continental limits of the H. R . 3434. A bill for the relief of Joseph of the Pribilof Islands; and for other pur­ United States or in Alaska in the case of resi­ Mrak; to the Committee on Immigration and poses; with amendment (Rept. No. 746) . Naturalization. Referred to the Committee of the Whole. dents of Territories and possessions of the House on the state of the Union. United States; to the Committee on Military Mr. RANKIN: Committee on World War Affairs. PETITIONS, ETC. Veterans' Legislation. H. R. 3377. A bill to - By Mr. MAAS: 3426. increase the rate of pensi~n to World War H. R. A bill to clarify and define the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions · veterans from $40 to $50 per month, and for constitutional rights of retired personnel of and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk other purposes; with amendment (Rept. No. the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, or Coast and refe:r:red as follows: 747). Referred to the Committee of the Guard; to the Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 3427. A bill to provide dispensary 2763. By Mr. SHORT: Petition of Mr. and Whole House on the state of the Union. Mrs. 0. G. Harmon and others of Mountain Mr. RANKIN: Committee on World War treatment and hospitalization in Army and Navy hospitals for retired enlisted men of the Grove and Wright County, Mo., urging sup­ Veterans' Legislation. H. R. 3176. A bill to port of House bill 2082, introduced by Hon. regulate the furnishing of artificial limbs or Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard; othe:· appliances to retired officers and en­ to the Committee on Military Affairs. JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, to re­ By Mr. PETERSON of Florida: duce absenteeism, conserve ma.npower, and listed men of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, speed production of materials necessary for or Coast Guard and to certain civilian em­ H. R. 3428. A bill to amend sections 6, 7, ployees of the military and naval forces of and 8 of the act entitled "An act to provide the winning of the war, by prohibiting the the Regular Establishment; with amendment for the leasing of coal lands in the Territory manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco­ holic liquors in the United States for the (Rept. No. 748). Referred to the Committee of Alaska, and for other purposes," approved of the Whole House on the state of the duration of the war and until the termina­ October 20, 1914 (38 Stat. 741, 743; 48 U.S. C., tion of demobilization; to the Committee on Union. sees. 440, 441, 442); to the Committee on the Mr. RANKIN: Committee on World War the Judiciary. Public Lands. 2764. By Mr. FISH: Petition of Mrs. H. Veterans' Legislation. H. R. 3356. A bill to By Mr. WHITE: provide for an increase in the monthly rates Pete:rson, of Newburgh, N. Y., and 33 other H. R. 3429. A bill to amend section 1 of an residents of that city urging the early con­ of compensation or pensiOJl payable to dis­ act entitled "An act authorizing the Secretary abled veterans for service-incurred disability sideration and favorable vote on the Bryson of the Interior to employ engineers and and to widows and children under Public Law bill (H. R. 2082) in order to bring about a 484, Seventy-third Congress, June 28, 1934, as economists for consultation purposes on im­ suspension of the alcoholic beverage indus­ amended; with amendment (Rept. No. 749) . portant reclamation work," approved Feb­ try for the duration of the present war, to Referred to the Committee of the Whole ruary 28, 1929 (45 Stat. 1406), as amended by reduce absenteeism, increase production, and House on the state of the Union. the act of April 22, 1940 (54 Stat. 1~8); to eliminate sources of disorder and physical Mr. RANKIN: .committee bn World War the Committee on Irrigation and Reclama­ disability which . are hampering our war Veterans' Legislation. S. 964. An act t.o pro- tion. effort; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 8218 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE OCTOBER 12 2765. Also, petition of Mrs. William M. Mil­ enactment. of House bill 2082, known as the the passage of House bill 2082 which seeks len and 34 ·residents of Swan Lake and Sum­ Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Judi­ to enact prohibition for the period of the van County, N. Y ., appealing for the enact­ ciary. war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ment of House biU 2082, and contending that 2779. Also, petition of Moses Aaron Teitel­ 2794. Also, petition of the Tobacco Workers' by its enactment untold amounts of money, baum and 320 petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., International Union, Local No. 200, . and food materials, coal, iron, rubber, gasoline, opposing any enactment of House bill 2082, signed by 132 St. Louis citizens, prot esting · and shipping space will be conserved, and a known as the Bryson bill; to the Committee against t h e pa ~ sag e of House bill 2082 which lar~ e percentage gf the cause of absenteeism on the Judiciary. seeks to enact prohibition for the period of in war plants will be eliminated; to t~e Com­ 2780. Also, petition of Louis Amelung and the war; to the Committee· on the Judiciary. mitt ee on the Judi.ciary. 19 petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing any 2795. Also, petition of t h e Chemical Work­ 2766. Also, petition of Florence B. Mallory, enactment of House bill 2082, known as the ers' Union, Local No. 21536, and signed by 57 of Pine Bush, Orange County, N. Y., and 39 Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Judi­ S t. Louis cit izens, protesting against the pas­ residents of Pine Bush , N. Y., requesting. Con­ ciary. sage of House bill 2082 which seeks to enact gress to pass House bill 2082, introduced by 2781. By Mr. HOWELL: Petition of Evan­ prohibition for the period of the war; to the Representative JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South gelist E. L. Banta and 10,538 sundry citizens Comm itt ee on the Judiciary. carolina, in order to reduce absenteeiem, of the counties of Sangamon, Christian, Ma­ 2796. Also, petition of Rose Koby and 20 conserve manpower, and speed production of coupin·, and Montgomery in the Twenty-first St. Lou i citizens, protesting against the pas­ materials necessary for the winning of the C~mgressional District of Illinois, urging Con­ sage of House bill 2082 which seeks to enact gress tb use its influence to improve con­ war by the prohibition of the manufacture, prohibition for the period of the war; to the ditions in the vicinity of Army camps in con­ sale, and transportation of alcoholic liquors Committee on the Judiciary. nection with the sale of intoxicant s and the 2797 . .~so, pet ition of the International in the United States for t:Re duration of the presence of vice; to the Committee on the war and until the termlnation or demobiliza­ Longshoremen's Association and signed by Judiciary. 20 St. Louis ·citizens, protesting against the tion; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 2782. Also, petition of Mrs. Margaret 2767. Also, petition of Alfred B. Heiser, of passage of House bill 2082 which seeks to Schwass and 20 citizens of Elmhurst, Ill., enact prohibition for the period of the war; Beacon, N. Y., and 34 other residents of protesting against ~he enactment of any. and to th__e Committee on the Judiciary. Dutchess Cou·nty, N. Y .. urging early con­ all prohibition legislation; to the Comm1ttee 2798. Also, petition of Joseph J. Langen and siderat ion and a favorable vote on the Bryson on the Judiciary. bill (H. R. 2082) in order to bring about a 20 other St. Louis citizens, protesting against 2783. By Mr. TREADWAY: Petjtion of milk the passage of House bill 2082 which seeks to suspension of the alcoholic beverage indus­ producers of southern Berkshire County, enact pl'Ohibition for the period of the war; try for the duration of the :-var, to red.uce Mass., opposing a subsidy on milk; to the to the Committee on the Judiciary. absenteeism, increase productiOn, and ehm­ Committee on Banking and Currency. inate sources of disorder and physical disa­ 2799. Also, petition of Ruth Rogers and 20 2784. By Mr. RAMEY: Petition· of Daisy other St. Louis citizens, protesting against the bility which are hampering our war effort; Meachen and 12 ot her residents of -Lakeside,. passage of House bill 2082 which seeks to to the Committee on the Judiciary. Ottawa County, Ohio, urging the passage of enact prohibition for the period of the war; 2769. Also, petition of Mildred Browning House bill 2082, to reduce absenteeism, con­ to the Committee on the Judiciary . . and 45 other residents of Hyde Park, Dutchess serve manpoy.rer, and speed production of ma­ 2800. Also, pP-tition of Angelo Oldani and 22 County, N. Y., protesting against the wastage terials neces~ary for the winning of the war, of sugar and grains in the mailufacture. of St Louis citizens; protesting against the pas­ sponsored by Han. JosEPH R. BRYSoN; to the sage of House bill 2082 which seeks to enact beer, wines, and distilled liquors, contendmg Committee on the Judiciary. that the use of these beverages jeopardizes prohibition for the pe~iod of the war; to the 2785. Also, petition of Mrs. C. B. Harmon Committee on the Judiciary. 1 the efficiency. morale, and safety of all our and 50 ot her residents of Lucas County, Ohio, people, and advocating le~islation to prev~nt 2801. By Mr. NORMAN: Petition of Mrs. urging the passage. of House bill 2082, to re­ Robert W. Keller, of Raymond, Wash., urging surh waste; to the Comm1ttee on the Judl~i­ duce absenteeism, conl5erve manpower, and passage of the Bryson bill (H. R. 2082)./ in ary. speed production of materials necessary for order to bring about a suspension of the alco­ 2769. By Mr. PLOESER: Petition of Elmer the winning of the war, sponsored by Han. G . Huch and 19 petitioners of St. Lo';lis, Mo., holic beverage industry for the duration of JosEPH R. BRYSON; to the Committee on the the war, to reduce absenteeism, increase pro­ opposing any enactment of House b1ll 2082. Judiciary. known as the Bryson bill; to the Committee duction, and eliminate sources of disorder and 2786. By Mr. COCHRAN: Petition of the physical disability which are hampering our on the Judiciary. Atlanta Coast Line Railroad of Washington, war effort; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 2770. Also, petition of Harry J. Fields and D. C., and signed by 19 citizens, protesting · 20 petitioners of St. r .ouis, Mo., opposing any 2802. Also, petition of Mrs. Lantz Wiss, of against the passage of House bill 2082, which Shelton, Wash., and 57 other citizens of Shel­ enactment of House bill 2082, known as the seeks to enact prohibition for the period of Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Ju­ ton and vicinity, urging passage of House bill the war; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 2082 which seeks to enact prohibition for the diciary. 2787. Also, petition of N. H. Brown, of 2771. Also, petition of Carl C. Cook and 20 period of the war; to the Committee on the Washington, D. C., and 19 other citizens, Judiciary. petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing any protesting against the passage of House bill 2803 . By Mr. LUTHER A. JOHNSON: enact ment of House bill 2082, known as the 2082, which seeks to enact prohibition for Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Ju-­ Memorial of Mrs. Bill Collins, of Navarro, the period of the war; to the Committee on Tex., favoring House bill 2350; to the Com­ diciary. the Judiciary. · mittee on Pensions. 2772. Also, petition of Eugene Bauer and 2788. Also, petition of Capt. Tom's Res­ 2804. By Mr. HOWELL: Petition of Vin­ 20 petit ioners of St. Louis, Mo. , opposing any taurant, of Washington, D. C., and signed enactment of House bill 2082, known as the cent Jacobs, secretary of the Staunton Trades by 20 citizens, protesting against the passage Council, Staunton, Ill., and sundry citizens of Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Ju­ of House bill 2082, which seeks to enact pro­ diciary. · the Twenty-first Congressional District of hibition for the period of the war; to the Illinois, protesting against the overriding, by 2773. Also, petition of Al. Becker's Market Committee on the Judiciary. and 40 petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing Congress, of the President's veto of the 2789. Also, petition of the 400 Restaurant, Smith-Connally bill, and protesting against any enactment of House bill 2082, k~own as of washington, D. c., and signed by eight the Bryson bill; to the Committee on the the congressional ban on subsidies in connec­ citizens, protesting against the passage of tion with the roll-back of prices on food and Judiciary. House bill 2082, which seeks to enact pro­ 2774. Also, petition of Fred J. Eggeman other items to the levels of September 18, hibition for the period of the war; · to the 1942 and urging Congress to support an ex­ and 20 petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., oppos­ Committee on the Judiciary. ing any enactment of House bill 2082, known tensive program of subsidies to effect such a 2790. Also, petition of the P. & N. Restau­ roll-back; to the Committee on Military as the Bryson bill; to the Committee on the rant, of Washington, D. C., and signed by 58 Affairs. Judiciary. citizens, protesting against the passage of 2775 . Also,, petition of Bruce J. Strode and House bill 2082, which seeks to enact pro­ 43 petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing any hibition for the period of the war; to the enactment of House bill 2082, known as the Committee on the Judiciary. • SENATE Eryson bill; to the Committee. on the Judi· 2791. Also, petition of the Westinghouse ciary. - Elecu1c E;upply Co. and signed by 22 St. Louis 2776. Also, petition of Edward Harder and citizens, protesting against the passage of .TUESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1943 20 petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing any House bill 2082, which seeks to enact pro­ enactment of House bill 2082, known as. the hibition for the period of the war; to the The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Judi­ Committee on the Judiciary. Harris, D. D., offered the following ~ ciary. 2792. Also, petition of the Brass & Copper prayer: 2777. Also, petition of George Gable and 20 Sales Co. and signed by 24 St. Louis citizens, petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing any protesting against the passage of House bill God of the nations, on this day of na­ enactment of House bill 2082, known as the 2082, which seeks to enact prohibition for tional honor we give Thee thanks for the I Bryson bill; to the Committee on the Judi- the period of the war; to the Committee on daring faith of that intrepid mariner ciary. . the Judiciary. . who, trusting in Divine guidance, gained 2778. Also, petition of Fred Saettele and 20 2793. Also, petition of Joseph H. Muckhoiz· a New World for Thy benign purposes on petitioners of St. Louis, Mo., opposing any and 20 St. Louis citizens, protesting against the earth. From fragile ships tossing on·