MISSAN IOM Displacement Assessments GOVERNORATE PROFILE SEPT 2009
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MISSAN IOM Displacement Assessments GOVERNORATE PROFILE SEPT 2009 IOM IDP AND RETURNEE ASSESSMENT Iraq has a long history of displacement, JULY 2009 culminating most recently in the February 2006 bombing of the Samarra Al-Askari MISSAN: DISPLACEMENT AT A GLANCE Mosque. Due primarily to sectarian violence, 1.6 million people were internally Governorate Statistics displaced, chiefly in 2006 and 2007, Total post-Feb 2006 IDPs1 7,269 families (est 49,776 individuals) 2 2 according to government figures. Total pre-Feb 2006 IDPs 18,871 families (est. 113,226 individuals) Number of post-Feb 2006 IDPs 7,941 families (est 47,646 individuals) 3 assessed by IOM IOM field monitoring teams assess the Capital Amara varying needs and challenges of IDP and Districts Al-Kahla, Al--Maimouna, Al--Mejar Al--Kabi, Al-i Al-- returnee communities across the eighteen Gharbi, Qal’at Saleh, Amara Iraqi governorates. These comprehensive 4 Population 824,147 individuals assessments of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and returnees are conducted through Missan governorate has received significant populations of internally Rapid Assessment questionnaires in conjunction with Iraqi authorities and other displaced persons (IDPs) both before and after the sectarian violence of national and international actors. 2006. While it is one of the poorer areas of the country, its relative stability and relatively homogenous Shia Arab population have encouraged IOM seeks to ascertain and disseminate movements there. detailed information about IDP and returnee needs and conditions in each Post-2006 IDPs in Missan fled mostly from Baghdad, and over half prefer to governorate. A greater understanding of locally integrate or resettle rather than return to their places of origin. displacement and return in Iraq is intended Employment and affordable housing remain the priority needs of IOM- to facilitate policy making, prioritizing areas assessed IDPs in the governorate. of operation, and planning emergency and long-term responses. Quick Facts on Missan IDPs & Returnees To date, IOM has assessed 223,898 IDP families and identified 55,007 returnee families. Of these returnee families, 3,679 ¾ Nearly 100% of IDPs have participated in IOM in-depth needs in Missan are Shia assessment interviews. Unless otherwise Arab. stated, all data in the profile is based on IOM-assessed populations. ¾ Priority needs of IOM- IOM’s Recommendations for assessed IDPs in Missan are Projects in Missan employment and affordable housing or shelter Provide emergenc y support to Amarah district’s public health care ¾ Across Missan, 14% of IDP centers (PHCCs) by providing households assessed by IOM linens, pillows, and hygiene kits are female-headed ¾ 67% of IDP families in Missan assessed by IOM have no members formally Displacement to Missan employed 1 As per Ministry of Displacement and Migration. 2 As per IOM Phase II Monitoring, December 2005. IOM Iraq’s Joint Operations Cell maintains a 3 Please note that this is the number of post-February 2006 IDPs assessed by IOM, not the total number database of project recommendations of IDPs in the governorate. submitted by IOM field monitors and others 4 As per the Iraq Living Conditions Survey, UNDP and Ministry of Planning and Development working in Iraq. Email: Cooperation, 2004. [email protected] INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION MISSAN’S DISPLACED: WHO ARE THEY? Number of IDPs in Missan by District District Number Percentage The post-2006 IDP population in Missan governorate is comprised primarily of Families of Shia Arab families who fled violence in Baghdad and Diyala during 2006. Missan Total 7941 100% Many chose Missan due to tribal and familial ties in the area, and a significant Amara 4116 51.8% portion of IDPs assessed by IOM are staying in the homes of friends or Qal'at Saleh 999 12.6% relatives. Al-Mejar Al-Kabi 761 9.6% Ali Al-Gharbi 716 9.0% According to IOM assessments, 52% of IDP families in Missan do not Al-Maimouna 711 9.0% believe that they were directly targeted, for sectarian reasons or otherwise. This is low compared to the 89% of IOM-assessed IDPs nationwide who do Al-Kahla 638 8.0% believe they were specifically targeted. IDP Governorate of Origin Most IOM-assessed IDPs arrived during 2006, which was the height of the Baghdad 83.6% most recent displacement wave nationwide. They are largely located in Diyala 7.8% Amara district. Missan has a particularly large pre-2006 IDP population, most Salah al-Din 5.1% of whom have settled in nearby rural and urban areas. In addition, the Kirkuk 1.3% governorate saw a large influx of refugees from Iran after military operations Anbar 0.9% in 2003. Oh 13% IDP & Returnee Locations in Missan. Reasons for Being Targeted Missan All Iraq See final page for detail Belonging to a certain religion or sect 41.9% 84.8% Do not think the group was targeted 52.4% 10.9% Holding a certain political opinion 0.0% 5.1% Belonging to a certain ethnic group 0.0% 4.8% Belonging to a certain social group 0.1% 1.3% IDP Ethnicity and Religion in Missan District Shia Muslim Arab Missan Total 99.9% Ali Al-Gharbi 100.0% Al-Kahla 99.8% Al-Maimouna 99.2% Al-Mejar Al-Kabi 99.9% Amara 100.0% Qal'at Saleh 99.9% Shatt Al-Arab 99.9% Monthly Displacement to Missan Since 2006 s 1600 e li 1400 mi 1200 a F 1000 f 800 o r e 600 400 mb 200 Nu 0 07 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 20 2007 2007 2007 2007 2008 2008 2006 / 1/ 2/ 4/ 6/ 8/ 10/ 12/ 2/ 4/ 6 8/ 10/ 1/ 11/ < Date of Displacemen INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION MISSAN: IDP DEMOGRAPHICS Percentage of Female Headed Households (by Due to the nature of the sectarian violence in Iraq and conditions district) of displacement, a significant number of IDP households in Missan District Percentage are headed by women. This reaches 18% of IDP families in Al- Missan Total 13.9% Mejar Al-Kabi district. Female-headed households are among the Ali Al-Gharbi 15.1% most vulnerable IDP families, as they often have no steady income Al-Kahla 11.1% and cannot advocate for themselves with regard to social and Al-Maimouna 15.5% bureaucratic issues. Al-Mejar Al-Kabi 18.0% Amara 13.0% Out of those assessed by IOM monitors, 3 of every 5 IDPs in Qal'at Saleh 14.1% Missan are under the age of 18. The challenges for this young IDP population are to provide adequate educational outlets as well as food, shelter, and economic support. Psychosocial support is also an issue for children for whom a significant portion of childhood Missan IDPs by Age and Gender has been spent in the hardship of displacement in the aftermath of Female Male Total violent conflict. Under 1 year 659 596 1255 1 to 4 years old 1878 2169 4047 The majority of IDP families assessed by IOM in Missan say that 5-17 years old 4588 5148 9736 they do not wish to return to the homes from which they fled. 18-60 4604 4479 9083 28% wish to stay and integrate locally in their current locations, Over 60 570 493 1063 meaning that they are concerned with finding permanent housing and employment. Another 30% wish to resettle in a third location. Initial results of a nationwide update of IDP intentions by IOM imply that as time passes, the number of families who wish to return is declining. Those who do wish to return (about 38%) would like to do so in Baghdad, mostly Resafa and Karkh districts. Missan IDP Settlement Intentions District Locally integrate in Resettle in a Return to Waiting on one or the current location third location their place of several factors to origin make a decision Of those that intend to Total 28.0% 30.1% 38.4% 3.5% return, to which governorate would you Ali Al-Gharbi 27.7% 50.3% 19.8% 2.0% return? Al-Kahla 39.3% 28.8% 31.2% 0.6% Baghdad 33.5% Al-Maimouna 17.0% 51.1% 27.7% 4.2% Diyala 2.6% Al-Mejar Al-Kabi 33.9% 42.4% 16.0% 7.6% Salah al-Din 1.0% Amara 25.7% 23.1% 47.0% 4.2% Other 1.2% Qal'at Saleh 33.8% 20.9% 45.2% 0.0% RETURN AND RETURN POTENTIAL IN MISSAN The majority of post-2006 displacement originates from Baghdad, Diyala, Ninewa, and Anbar governorates, and these locations are Returnee numbers in Missan by District also the focus of return and potential future return. There was District Number of Percentage Families very little post-2006 displacement originating from Missan, and Missan total 626 100.0% thus there is little potential for return or current return. To date, Ali Al-Gharbi 41 6.5% IOM monitors have identified 626 returnee families, as seen to the Amara 585 93.5% right. Priority needs of Missan returnees are employment, food, NFIs, and shelter. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION MISSAN’S DISPLACED PERSONS: LIVING Employment Missan All Iraq CONDITIONS AND PRIORITY NEEDS At least one member of the family has 28.7% 32.8 % a job None of the members has a job 71.3% 67.2 % IDP families in Missan are primarily concerned with finding employment opportunities, as the lack of income makes it PDS Access Missan All Iraq difficult to sustain displacement or to integrate, depending on Sometimes 36.2% 20.1% their intentions. More than 71% of IDP families assessed by Not at all 2.9% 46.2% IOM are not formally employed. Yes, always 60.7% 33.6% The majority (70%) are living in rented homes, meaning that a Electricity Missan All Iraq large portion of their resources goes to rent each month, No Electricity 1.8% 4.8% leaving health and education concerns behind.