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Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae) in Sicily

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Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae) in Sicily Biodiversity Journal , 2014, 5 (2): 359–366 Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae) in Sicily Ignazio Sparacio Via E. Notarbartolo 54 int. 13, 90145 Palermo, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT All Sicilian records of the genus Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae) are revised. As a result four species are reported to occur in Sicily: P. euphytus lamantiai n. ssp. (for the populations of Pantelleria Island, previously attributed to P. euphytus s.l.), P. vorax (Marseul, 1878) from Lampedusa Island, P. pellegrinensis (Brenske in Ragusa, 1893) from Western Sicily (to which all P. euphytus records from Sicily need to be attributed), and P. michaelis n. sp. from Western Sicily. KEY WORDS Melolonthidae; Pseudoapterogyna ; Sicily; taxonomy. Received 18.05.2014; accepted 22.06.2014; printed 30.06.2014 INTRODUCTION 1892) and P. michaelis n. sp., both endemics of North-Western Sicily. The Sicilian Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 I consider Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 as (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae) have a separate genus (according with Baraud, 1985; been attributed thus far to P. euphytus (Buquet, 1992), and not as a synonym of Geotrogus Guérin- 1840), a species deemed to occur through Algeria, Méneville, 1842, as recently proposed by Coca- Tunisia and Sicily (Rottenberg, 1871; Ragusa, Abia (2003, see also Smetana & Král, 2006). 1873; 1874; 1893; Bertolini, 1899; Heyden et al., ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS. V. 1883; Luigioni, 1929; Porta, 1932; Baraud, 1977; Aliquò collection, Palermo, Italy (CVA); M. 1985; 1992; Arnone et al., 1995; Carpaneto & Arnone collection, Palermo, Italy (CMA); M. Piattella, 1995; Sparacio, 1995; Smetana & Král, Bellavista collection (CMB); Armando Monastra 2006; Arnone, 2010; Ballerio et al., 2010). collection, Palermo, Italy (CAM); M. Romano col - Examination of type material of P. euphytus plus lection, Capaci, Palermo, Italy (CMR); I. Sparacio a large quantity of specimens from Sicily and North- collection, Palermo, Italy (CIS); A. Tetamo collec - ern Africa allowed me to re-evaluate the taxonomic tion, Palermo, Italy (CAT); Collection of Diparti - status of the Sicilian populations of Pseudoapterog- mento di Biologia Animale University of Catania, yna . As a result P. euphytus euphytus proved not It aly (CMC); Collection of Museo Civico di to occur in Sicily, being restricted to Algeria and Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria", Genova, Italy Tunisia, while the Sicilian populations of Pseu- (MCSNG); Collection of Museum National d'His- doapterogyna proved to represent three distinct toire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN); m = male/s; taxa: P. euphytus lamantiai n. ssp. from Pantelleria f = female/s. Unless otherwise stated, the collector of Island (Sicily Channel), P. pellegrinensis (Ragusa, the beetles in the field is the owner of the collection. 360 IGNAZIO SPARACIO Pseudoapterogyna euphytus euphytus Buquet, tures; elytral surface densely microreticulated, with 1840 shallow and poorly defined puncturation. Anterior tibiae tridentate on external margin, basal tooth very EXAMINED MATERIAL . 1 ex labelled: Ex Musaeo short, sometimes absent. Posterior tibiae without ca - Mniszech / a Euphytus Bqt alg. type / Museum rina on dorsal side or, at least, proximally. 1° metatar - Paris - ex coll. R. Oberthur / SYNTYPE - Rhizotrogus somere short in both sexes. Claws toothed at base euphytus Buquet, 1840 / SYNTYPE / SYNTYPE - and with a spine well developed. Pygidium finely Pseudoapterogyna euphyta (Buquet, 1840) / wrinkled and micro-reticulated with puncturation MHNHN EC4183. 1 ex labelled: Ex Musaeo made of shallow scattered large punctures mixed to Mniszech / Museum Paris - ex coll. R. Oberthur / other much smaller and denser punctures. Posterior SYNTYPE - Rhizotrogus euphytus Buquet, 1840 / coxae of males far from median coxae. Aedeagus SYNTYPE / SYNTYPE - Pseudoapterogyna eu - with parameres, in lateral view, narrowed distally phyta (Buquet, 1840) / MHNHN EC4184. Algeria, with very elongate and pointed apex. Costantine, Bonvouloir, 1 m (MCSNG); Algeria, Females have a more convex dorsum, a smaller Costantine, Henon, 3 m and 1 f (MCSNG); Algeria, antennal club, shorter tarsi, posterior angles of Batna, 27 marzo 1952, ex coll. G. Fiori, 1 m pronotum often pointed, and larger and coarser ely - (MCSNG); Algeria, Bône, 1874, Puton, 2 m and 2 tral punctation. f (MCSNG); Tunisia, Tunisi, Aut.-Inv. 1981-2, G. e L. Doria, 3 m (MCSNG); Tunisia, Tunisi dint., 1881, G. e L. Doria, 1 m Pseudoapterogyna euphytus lamantiai n. ssp. BIOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION . Aduls often found EXAMINED MATERIAL . Holotypus male (CIS): under stones. Algeria and Tunisia. Pantelleria (Sicily, Italy), Sesi, 10.V.1991, 1 m; REMARKS . P. euphytus was described from Con - Paratypes: ibidem, 30.IV.1995, 2 m and 4 f (CIS). stantine in Algeria (Buquet, 1840). The synonyms Pantelleria, II.1906, S. Sommier, Rhizotrogus eu - of this species are the following (Baraud, 1985; phytus Buq., det. Sabatinelli, 4 m (MCSNG). 1 1992; Smetana & Král, 2006): maculicollis Fair - male labelled: “Pantelleria” and 1 male without maire nec Villa, 1860; biskrensis Marseul, 1878 label, likely from the same locality as above (see locus typicus: Biskra, Algeria; tuniseus Fairmaire, below) E. Ragusa collection (CMC). 1884 locus typicus: Tunis, Tunisia; dilutus Fair - DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPUS . Length 12 mm. maire, 1860 locus typicus: Tunis, Tunisia. Yellowish-brown, disc of pronotum sometimes The study of P. euphytus type material (Figs. 1, dark brown; antennae, palpi, legs, pubescence, and 2), and of several specimens from the type locality ventral surface yellowish; dorsal surface sub- and other places in Algeria and Tunisia allows to opaque. Head with deep and dense punctation and summarize the diagnosis of this species (see also a thin, slightly raised transverse carina; clypeus Baraud, 1985) as follows: slightly emarginate at middle of anterior margin. Males with fully developed metathoracic wings, Antennae 10-segmented, club 3-segmented, about females are flightless. Length 12–16 mm.; yellow- half the length of funicle (club/funicle = 0.52); ish-brown, disc of pronotum sometimes darker; scape dilated distally, almost as long as the 2°, 3° dorsal surface sub-opaque; antennae 10-segmented, and 4° segments together. Pronotum with max imum scape elongate and dilated distally, club developed, width just before middle, sides crenulated, subrec - shorter than funicle (club/funicle = 0.64); pronotum tilinear with a little sinuation before posterior pro - gla brous, only a few sparse short erect setae on an - truding angles; anterior margin subrectilinear; basal terior margin, surface micro-reticulated, punctation bead complete, flattened and punctate; pronotal with large and dense punctures (the distance be- sculpturing made of middle-sized deep sparse punc- tween the punctures being subequal or inferior to tures (the distance between the punctures being their diameter); posterior angles well marked, in more than double their diameter) clearly visible on most cases distinctly projecting backwards, pre- the micro-reticulated surface; the anterior margin ceded by a slight sinuosity at lateral sides; base of and sides of pronotum bear short and sparse fine pronotum marked by a trasversal row of coarse punc- setae. Scutellum triangular, bearing some short Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoapterogyna Escalera, 1914 (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea Melolonthidae) in Sicily 361 setae near base, with big shallow punctures. Elytra Italy, in acknowledgement of his oustanding exper - subparallel, slightly dilated at apical third, with tise on the Sicily channel islands. mi cro-reticulated surface bearing some deep small BIOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION . Adults found punc tures; humeral callus visible. Anterior tibiae under stones, active during Spring. Records from tridentate, with a very weak hardly visible basal other seasons (see Arnone et al., 1995) are likely tooth. Posterior tibiae without carina on dorsal side. due to findings of dead specimens under stones, Tarsi about twice longer than tibiae. First posterior tarsomere shorter than the 3° tarsomere. Claws toothed often found in good condition due to the dry envi - at the base and with a spine well developed. Pygid- ronment. Endemic to Pantelleria Island. ium finely wrinkled, micro-reticulated, with punc- COMPARATIVE NOTES . P. euphytus lamantiai n. tures small. Metathoracic wings fully developed. ssp. differs from P. euphytus euphytus from Algeria Aedeagus with parameres strong, narrowed distally, and Tunisia by the following characters: smaller with slightly elongate apex. size, males with dorsum less convex, more parallel VARIABILITY . Length 11.5–13 mm; the disc of body (especially the elytra), punctation (in particu - pronotum may be yellowish in colour, like the rest lar that of pronotum) sparser and less deep, antennal of the body. The little carina of dorsal side of pos- club longer, sculpturing of pygidium without big terior tibiae may be absent or very reduced. Females punctures, and shape of parameres with stouter and are flightless, have a more convex dorsum and ely - shorter apex. tra more dilated backward, with dorsal punctation REMARKS . All previous records from Pantelleria sparse and shorter tarsi; posterior tarsi little longer Island, such as Ragusa (1875: sub Rhizotrogus than posterior tibiae. Gerardi Buq.), Bertolini (1899: sub Rhizotrogus ETIMOLOGY . Latin noun in the genitive case. Gerardi Buq.), Luigioni, 1929
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