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Japan: a History of Tall Innovations

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Japan: a History of Tall Innovations Tall Buildings in Numbers Japan: A History of Tall Innovations Japan is one of the world’s most densely populated nations, at an average of 339 people per square X Buildings Key kilometer.3 It is also one of the world’s most active seismic zones. More than 140,000 people died in X.X% number of buildings 150 m+ in height in city and of total percentage of region total by the end of 2015 the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, which leveled Tokyo. The Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami of 2011 X Buildings % X.X total population of city and percentage was the world’s costliest natural disaster to date, at $235 billion. The combination of these factors of total of region population xxx m has driven sophisticated design and engineering innovations that responded to Japan’s uniquely height of city’s tallest building by the end of 2015 challenging conditions, including in the tall building fi eld, which continue to this day. This survey xxx m silhouette of country’s tallest building examines a number of the most signifi cant tall achievements in modern Japanese history. by the end of 2015 average height of all buildings 150 m+ Mapping Japan: Population and Skyscrapers in country by the end of 2015 Map shows data on skyscrapers and population (see key for details). Building outlines show the tallest building in each city projected for the end of 2015. Footnotes 1. The focus on buildings over 150 meters is driven by the need to ensure accuracy of data, 101,441,830 173 m rather than suggesting that this is the threshold for a tall building. 1 Building 2. All tall building data is taken from the CTBUH Skyscraper Center as of March 30, 2015. % % 3. All population data and land mass data is taken from the Statistics Bureau, Japan, 2010 Census. 79.1 0.5 1,914,434 of total % of pop. 16 Buildings 1.5 % Sapporo of pop. 8.3 JR Tower Japan Totals 2003 of total Total Population:3 128,057,352 Rest of Japan 3 2 Total Land Area: 377,962 km 256 m 2 168 m 8,949,447 Regional Population Density: 338.8 people/km 161 m Cities of 1,000,000+ Population:3 12 7% 180 m Projected by end of 2015… 1,222,910 Cities with at least one 150 m+ building: 22 1% 114 Buildings of pop. City with the most 150 m+ buildings: Tokyo-ku* (114) 2 Buildings Land Axis Tower of pop. % % Total 150 m+ buildings: 192 2002 1 59.4 * Toranomon Hills Tallest building height: 300 m Saitama of total Tokyo-ku 2014 Average height of 150 m+ buildings: 178 m of total 204 m 168 m 1,425,678 190 m 0 Buildings 1,474,473 165 m 0% 1.2% 1.1% 1,544,873 of pop. Kobe 1.2% of total of pop. Kyoto 6 Buildings 6 Buildings of pop. Park City Musashi- 3.1% Kosugi Mid Sky Tower City Tower 3.1% 2009 Kobe Sannomiya of total 2013 of total Kawasaki* 234 m 1,463,826 296 m % Fukuoka 7 Buildings 7 Buildings 1.1 300 m Nagoya 3.7% 3.7% of pop. 1 Building 32 Buildings of total 176 m 0.5% % 247 m of total 199 m 177 m 16.7 2,263,907 of total 3,689,603 Fukuoka Tower of total 1989 % 2.9% 2,666,371 1.8 * The Tokyo Urban Agglomeration is often cited as the most of pop. of pop. populous city in the world at 39.5 million people. For this study, % Landmark Tower however, we considered Tokyo-ku (which consists of the 23 Osaka 2.1 1993 central wards that exist within the historical boundaries of of pop. Tokyo City; 1889 – 1943), Kawasaki, Yokohama, and all other Abeno Harukas Midland Square Yokohama* sections of the Tokyo Urban Agglomeration as individual cities. 2014 2007 Nakagin Capsule Tower, Upon completion in 1993, Osaka World Trade Center, 256 Tokyo, 54 meters, became Landmark Tower, Yokohama, 296 meters, was completed in 1995 the world’s fi rst example meters tall, contained the world’s and became the tallest building of capsule architecture for fastest elevator (12.5m/s) and in Japan outside of the Tokyo- permanent use in 1972 Asia’s highest helipad Yokohama metropolitan area 52 | Tall Building in Numbers CTBUH Journal | 2015 Issue II Timeline of Important Skyscrapers in Japan Dots represent building height and location. 300 Note: chart begins in 1968 with Japan’s fi rst 150m+ completion Abeno Harukas, Osaka 300 m / 984 ft Landmark Tower, Yokohama Tokyo Osaka Rest of Japan 296 m / 972 ft 1981: Shin-Taishin Building Code 2011: Tōhoku Earthquake 1994: The Great Hanshin 25 introduced for new buildings to and Tsunami – 275 Earthquake Magnitude 6.8 withstand earthquakes Magnitude 9.0 1963: Japan’s height limit of 31 Mid Town Tower, Tokyo meters for buildings was abolished 248 m / 813 ft Osaka World Trade Center, Osaka Midland Square, Nagoya 20 256 m / 840 ft JR Central Office 247 m / 810 ft 250 Tower, Nagoya The Kitahama, Toranomon Shinjuku Mitsui Fukuoka Tower, Fukuoka 234 m / 768 ft 245 m / 804 ft Osaka Hills, Tokyo Building, Tokyo 209 m / 686 ft 256 m /8 38 ft 225 m / 738 ft Sunshine 60 Tower, Tokyo Roppongi Hills 240 m/787 ft Shinjuku Park Mori Tower, Tokyo 15 Tower, Tokyo 238 m / 781 ft 225 233 m / 763 ft Tomihisa Cross Shinjuku Center Building, Tokyo Dentsu Headquarters Comfort Tower, Tokyo 223 m/731 ft Buildinge, Tokyo 191 m / 627 ft 213 m / 700 ft 10 200 NEC Supertower, Tokyo Sompo Japan Head 180 m / 591 ft Keio Plaza North Building, Tokyo Office Building, Tokyo No. of Buildings Completed (Bar) of Buildings Completed No. 178 m / 584 ft 200 m / 656 ft Toshiba Building, Tokyo 167 m / 548 ft Individual Building Height (Dot) in Meters 175 5 Kasumigaseki Building, Tokyo 156 m / 512 ft 0 150 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2015 Note: We can predict 2015 building completions with some accuracy due to projects now in advanced construction. Skyline of Important Skyscrapers in Japan Tokyo Osaka Rest of Japan World’s tallest free-standing tower and second-tallest man-made Note: Unless noted as “current,” all “tallest” accolades reference time of completion structure, after Burj Khalifa, Dubai 600 m 450 m Tallest free-standing structure in Asia Japan’s current Current two tallest tallest and Japan’s tallest educational-use buildings in Asia first supertall Japan's tallest building Tokyo’s Tallest and current world's tallest 300 m Japan’s tallest government building Japan’s tallest Tallest single-function hotel building in Asia and Japan’s first skyscraper to tallest building in Japan top 150 meters Japan’s tallest 150 m 1958 1968 1970 1971 1974 1978 1991 1993 2008 2008 2012 2014 2014 Tokyo Tower Kasumigaseki Tokyo World Keio Plaza Shinjuku Mitsui Sunshine 60 Tokyo Metropolitan Landmark Tower Mode Gakuen Mode Gakuen Tokyo Sky Tree Abeno Harukas Toranomon Hills 333 m / 1,092 ft Building Trade Center North Building Building Tower Government Building 296 m / 972 ft Cocoon Tower Spiral Towers 634 m / 2,080 ft 300 m / 984 ft 258 m / 846 ft Tokyo 156 m / 512 ft 158 m / 518 ft 178 m / 584 ft 225 m / 738 ft 240 m / 787 ft 243 m / 799 ft Yokohama 204 m / 668 ft 170 m / 558 ft Tokyo Osaka Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo Nagoya The New York Bar on the March 11, 2011 – Tōhoku Earthquake JJapanapan hashas hadhad boldbold skyscraperskyscraper 52nd fl oor of Shinjuku and Tsunami (magnitude 9.0) kills vvisions,isions, iincludingncluding SSkyky CCityity 11000000 Park Tower, Tokyo, 233 15,891 people; Tall buildings swayed ((1989)1989) atat 11,000m,,000m, aandnd XX-Seed-Seed meters tall, was featured signifi cantly, but suff ered no major 44000000 (1995)(1995) atat 44,000m,,000m, 2224m;24m; prominently in the 2003 damage, due to strict Shin-Taishin ttalleraller tthanhan MMt.t. FFuji,uji, iitt iiss tthehe ttallestallest fi lm “Lost in Translation” Building Code introduced in 1981 sskyscraperkyscraper eeverver cconceivedonceived CTBUH Journal | 2015 Issue II Tall Building in Numbers | 53.
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