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G CHAPTER SUMMARY of FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND 0000000000000000000O00000000000O000t 2 ^ O t 2 ® 2 ^ 2 ^ 0 C 0 0 I0 0 0 0 0 0 cC 0g CHAPTER cI 0 C 0 0 0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, o 0 CONCLUSIONS AND o o RECOMMENDATIONS g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ....... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 g S 0O000OOO00O0O000OOOO0OO0O00000000000 CHAPTER - 8 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 8.1. Introduction: This chapter deals with a summary of my findings, various conclusions are drawn on the basis of different ratio analysis and suggestions regarding the functions of Adivasi Seva Sahakari Sansthas in Pune District. The findings and suggestions are based on the information and data collected by me from the various sources as the Annual Reports, Audit Reports personal discussion. Questionnaire and interviews of the Directors, Chairman, Secretaries, Auditors, employees and members of the Sample ASSSs and officials of Maharashtra State Co-operative, Tribal Development Corporation, Office bearers of different agencies and Tribal Leaders as well as secondary data was collected from the Maharashtra Co-operative Quarterly, Annual Reports of Tribal Sub-Plan, various Books on Co-operation, Magazines on Co-operation, Professional Journals, R.B.I. Bulletin, Official and Statistics Published by Bureau of Statistics and Published Books and Reports regarding to tribal. 8.2. Summary of Study; The purpose of this chapter is to take stock of, how far the objectives of this study have been fulfilled and whether the hypothesis initially stated is true or otherwise. The desired objectives of hypothesis are stated in the chapter second. Before making conclusions and recommendations the whole study can be summarized as under. 447 First Chapter describes history of Co-operative movement in India and abroad as well as in Maharashtra State with meaning and definition of Co­ operation, Objectives and Philosophy and core values of Co-operation. This chapter also gives information, dimensions and contribution of Co-operative, Co-operative legislation in India and Maharashtra State. Second Chapter describes Research methodology adopted for the study. In this chapter objective, importance, scope of study, hypothesis and research design are explained in detail. This chapter also gives information about likely contribution, limitations and chapter scheme of the study. Third Chapter portrays the tribal scenario in India and in the Maharashtra State with meaning of ‘Tribe’ in various context and tribal research in Maharashtra. This chapter gives information about origin, development, objectives, functions, status and organizational set up of the ASSS. This chapter also highlights the strategic approaches adopted for the development of tribal since fifth five year plan. Glimpses and characteristics of Tribal people in India and Maharashtra. An attempt has been made to take brief review of literature concerned with tribal economy. Fourth Chapter explains how effectively fund was utilized by the A SSS to earn income and to judge financial strength and weakness of A SSS. This chapter highlights financial progress and weakness of the A SSSs from 1995-96 to 2004- OS. An attempt has been made to find out financial performance of Adivasi Seva Sahakari Sansthas in Pune District. In this chapter source of fund, application of fund. Comparative position of Bank loan and members loan, comparative position of overdue, operating efficiency is highlighted. Fifth Chapter describes financial performance of ASSSs. For that purpose widely used powerful technique of ratio analysis like Insolvency Ratio, Profitability Ratio, Operational ratio are extensively used which depicts the financial efficiency of the sample ASSSs. In Sixth Chapter researcher has presented case studies of four A SSSs to highlight the financial position and working of Adivasi Seva Sahakari Sansthas in Pune District. 448 Chapter Seven gives the profile of the survey area of Pune District. In this chapter researcher has tried to expose socio-economic conditions of sample member households. In this chapter he has also explored opinions of Directors, Auditor, Chairman, Secretaries and employees about the working and performance of the ASSSs. Chapter Eight concludes the study in which finding that emerged from the study along with the suggestion, for possible improvement are summarized in order to improve the functioning of ASSSs and meet challenges before the A SSSs in changing the scenario. 8.3 FINDING AND SUGGESTIONS 8.3.1Findings: - The findings that emerged from the study along with the suggestions, for possible improvements are epitomized here as follow. A) FINDING OF TESTING THE FIRST HYPOTHESIS 1. Establishm ent: - Before 1990 there were only three A SSSs in Pune District namely Dehane Asss in Khed Taluka, Shinoli Asss in Ambegaon Taluka, and Madh Asss in Junnar Taluka. But after 1990, these tliree A SSSs are closed and 6 ASSSs in Khed Taluka, 10 ASSSs in Ambegaon Taluka and 10 ASSSs in Junnar Taluka have been formed. Out of these 26 A SSSs one Asss is closed due to overdue and 25 ASSSs are operating in their area. These ASSSs covers 64 Villages of three Tahasil of the Pune District. These A SSSs are being sponsored by Pune District Central Co-operative Bank, Tribal Development Corporation, and Government of Maharahstra. 2. Multi-purpose Services:-These ASSSs are providing multi-purpose services in operating area to their members, i.e. Fair price ration shop. Monopoly procurement. Milk collection centre, Consumption loan. Long, medium and short term loans ect. 449 3. Members:-Total members all sample ASSSs were 6675 on 3P' March, 2005. Tirpad, Sendurli, Pimpalgaon ghode, and Uchhil ASSSs have scope to increase their members due to their large operating area. Dehane and Taleghar ASSSs are generating maximum employment as compared to otherASSSs. All A SSSs are working on co-operative principle. 4. Source of Fund: - These A SSSs are collecting their funds by way of own fund and borrowed funds. A) Own Fund: - Own fund position of Uchhil, Moroshi, Pimpalgaon Joga and Madh were better so these four A SSSs proved that it strengthens the base of their own fund. Taleghar, Dehane, Sendurli, Tirpad and Khangaon own fund position was also good but these ASSSs more depending upon on sponsoring bank loan. Pimpalgaon ghode, Sal, and Inglun A SSSs own fund position is not sound and these three A SSSs were mostly dependent on sponsoring bank loan. B) Borrowed Funds: - Uchhil, Moroshi, Pimpalgaon Joga and Madh ASSSs borrowed fund amount was less than total average so these four ASSSs were dependent on sponsoring bank loan for funds. Pimpalgaon ghode, Sal and Inglun A SSSs borrowed fund average was more than the total average, so these ASSSs were more dependent upon sponsoring bank loans. Sponsoring bank was successful in filling up the credit gap. 5. Application of Funds: - These ASSSs utilized maximum amount of fund for advancing loans and investment. A) Members Loans: - Moroshi, Uchhil, Khangaon,Tirpad, Pimpalgaon joga and Pimpalgaon ghode A SSSs members loan amount was more than Bank loans, so these A SSSs earned more income. Taleghr and Dehane ASSSs members loan percentages was less than bank loan but these A SSSs earned more income from other trading activities. Inglun and sendurli ASSSs members’ loan percentage was less than bank loan therefore these A SSSs were suffering from losses. All A SSSs sanction loan to members after the sanction of managing committee, but 450 secretaries played significant role in disbursement of loans. Loans recoveries were directly made by the secretaries. B) Investmentr-Taleglir Asss utilized more amounts from total fund for investments as compared to other ASSSs. All ASSSs made investment as per the provision of State co-operative Act. Investment was in shares in P.D.C.C.Bank, shares in sahakari sangh, shares in T.D.C. Fixed Deposits, N.S.C. etc. C) Fixed Assets:-Taleghr and madh ASSSs have invested more amounts from fund in fixed assets as compared to other ASSSs. Therefore their interest income was reduced, but amount was invested for running other activities, so their income from other activities was increased. There was no investment in fixed assets in case of Inglun, Uclihil, and Pimpalgaon Joga ASSSs. 6. Overdue: - Loan overdue continued to be a serious weakness of co-operative structure. All ASSSs were suffering from overdue problem. Inglun, Uchhil, Khangaon, Moroshi and Sendurli overdue problem was less than other ASSSs. In all the ASSSs Pimpalgaon ghode, Sal and Dehane ASSSs were greatly suffering from overdue problems out of the total respondent members more than 75% members noted their response that the A SSSs were suffering from overdue, but actually themselves were include in overdue members. Due to State Government loan freezing policy economically sound members were not repaying the loans of the ASSSs. Bad debts problem of all A SSSs was serious. 7. Operating efficiency: -Operating efficiency of these ASSSs is judged by profit, for that purpose income and expenses analysis was made and from that following points are drawn. I) Interest Income: - Sendurii, Moroshi, Dehane, Sal, Pimpalgaon ghode, Khangaon Uchhil and Inglun A SSSs interest income percentage was more than the other ASSSs, so there income position was fair. Taleghar Asss earned 451 income from other trading activities. Madh and Tripad interest income position was not sound. II) Interest paid: -Pimpalgaon Joga, Madh and Uchhil ASSSs interest paid expenses were less than the other because these ASSSs did not accept deposits and sponsoring bank stopped the loans of Pimpalgaon Joga, and mudh ASSSs due to overdue and loss. So their interest paid was less. III) Total expenses: - Moroshi, Dehane, Taleghr, and Khangaon ASSSs total expenses percentage to total income was less than the total average as compare to other ASSSs. Therefore these ASSSs were earning profit and others were suffering from losses. IV) Profit: -Only Taleghr Asss was earning profits every year but all other A SSSs were suffering from losses due to overdue and bad debts.
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