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July 2021 the Lunar Observer by the Numbers

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A Publication of the Lunar Section of ALPO Edited by David Teske: [email protected] 2162 Enon Road, Louisville, Mississippi, USA Back issues: http://www.alpo-astronomy.org/ Online readers, July 2021 click on images In This Issue for hyperlinks Observations Received 2 By the Numbers 3 Abulfeda F & M, R.H. Hays Jr. 4 From Aristoteles to Atlas, R. Hill 5 A Set of Wonders In and Around Taruntius, F. A. Cardinalli and A. Anunziato 6 Another Clavius Sunrise, R. Hill 10 An Unusual View of Fracastorius, S. Babino and A. Anunziato 11 Focus On: The Lunar 100: Features 71-80, J. Hubbell 12 Lunar 71-80 “A Personal View”, A. Anunziato 15 Mare Orientale, R.H. Hays, Jr. 86 Recent Lunar Topographic Studies 89 Lunar Geologic Change Detection Program, T. Cook 95 ALPO 2021 Conference News 105 Lunar Calendar June 2021 107 An Invitation to Join ALPO 107 Submission Through the ALPO Image Achieve 107 When Submitting Observations to the ALPO Lunar Section 108 Call For Observations Focus-On 109 Focus-On Announcement 110 Key to Images in this Issue 111 To our northern hemisphere readers, happy summer! Of coarse to our southern hemisphere readers, happy winter! I hope that this finds you and your loved ones well. I hope that the weather allows you to get out and do some gazing at our nearest natural neighbor in the universe. This issue contains great lunar articles by Rik Hill, Alberto Anunziato and Robert H. Hays, Jr., as well as numerous excellent images and drawings. The main part of this issue is the Focus –On the Lunar 100, targets 71-80. This in- cludes targets such as volcanic areas in Atlas, saucer craters in Ptolemaeus and near limb basins Mares Smythii and Orientale. Also, there are some nice images of the recent lunar eclipse (pages 93-94). Tony Cook has again pre- pared another thorough report of Lunar Geologic Change and Detection. Thanks to all who contributed to these ef- forts. I have been busy this past month on all things lunar. I have been preparing a paper for the ALPO Virtual Confer- ence of August 13 and 14. Please plan on joining this meeting! See pages 105-106 for details. Also, I have been scanning cards from Winnie Cameron for use by Tony Cook. I am now into the early Apollo days in my scanning project. It has been interesting to see the enthusiasm of lunar observers in thoe exciting times! Clear and steady skies! The Lunar Observer/July 2021/ 1 LunarObservations Topographic Received Studies Coordinator – David Teske - [email protected] Assistant Coordinator– Alberto Anunziato [email protected] Assistant CoordinatorMany thanks – William for all Dembowskithese observations, - zone images,[email protected] and drawings. Assistant Coordinator – Jerry Hubbell – [email protected] Assistant Coordinator-Wayne Bailey– wayne.bailey@alpo -astronomy.org Website: http://www.alpo-astronomy.org/ Name Location and Organization Image/Article Alberto Anunziato Paraná, Argentina Images of Atlas, Copernicus, Ptolemaeus, Sinus Aestuum, Byrgius, drawing of Lambert R, article and images A Set of Wonders In and Around Ta- runtius and An Unusual View of Fracastorius. Sergio Babino Montevideo, Uruguay Images of Sulpicius Gallus, Atlas, Mare Smythii, Ptolemaeus, W. Bond, Rimae Sirsalis, article and image An Unusual View of Fracastorius. Juan Manuel Biagi Paraná, Argentina Images of Atlas (2). Francisco Alsina Cardinalli Oro Verde, Argentina Images of Sulpicius Gallus (2), Atlas (3), Coper- nicus (4), Ptolemaeus (2), W. Bond (4), Sinus Aestuum (2), article and images A Set of Won- ders In and Around Taruntius. Desiré Godoy Oro Verde, Argentina Image of Atlas and Mare Smythii. Robert H. Hays, Jr. Worth, Illinois, USA Articles and drawings of Abulfeda F & M and Mare Orientale. Rik Hill Loudon Observatory, Tucson, Arizona, Articles and images From Aristoteles to Atlas, USA Another Clavius Sunrise, images of Sulpicius Gallus, Atlas (16), Mare Smythii (4), Copernicus (16), Ptolemaeus (16), W. Bond (4), Rimae Sirsalis (5), Lambert, Eratosthenes (4) and Mare Orientale (3). Marcelo Mojica Gundlach Cochabamba, Bolivia Images of Ptolemaeus and Sinus Aestuum (2). Felix León Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Images of the Rimae Sirsalis (2). Luigi Morrone Agerola, Italy Images of Rupes Recta, Atlas and Hercules, Ar- zachel, Aristoteles and Eudoxus, Archimedes, Albategnius and Vallis Alpes. Rafael Lara Muñoz Guatemala, Guatemala, SLA Image of Sinus Aestuum. Jesús Piñeiro San Antonio de los Altos, Venezuela Images of Sulpicius Gallus, Sinus Aestuum, Ptol- emaeus and Tycho. Pedro Romano San Juan, Argentina Images of Mare Smythii, Lunar Eclipse (4), Co- pernicus (2), Timocharis and Mare Imbrium. Fernando Surà San Nicolás de los Arroyos, Argentina Image of Mare Crisium. David Teske Louisville, Mississippi, USA Image of Atlas (3), Mare Smythii, Copernicus (3), Ptolemaeus (3), Sirsalis, Lambert, and Mare Orientale. Román García Verdier Paraná, Argentina Image of Ptolemaeus. Ignacio Villarraza San Nicolás de los Arroyos, Argentina Images of Atlas, The Lunar Observer/July 2021/ 2 July 2021 The Lunar Observer By the Numbers This month there were 149 observations by 16 contributors in 8 countries. The Lunar Observer/July 2021/ 3 Abulfeda F & M Robert H. Hays, Jr. I drew this area on the evening of March 20/21, 2021 after the Moon hid 121 Tauri. These craters are south- west of Abulfeda itself. Abulfeda F is the double crater and Abulfeda M is the crisp round crater to its west. The south lobe of Abulfeda F appears to be slightly larger, and the Lunar Quadrant map indicates that this lobe has the official letter designation. However, the map shows the north lobe to be slightly larger, though I did not see it as such. I did not notice any wall remnant between the lobes, and they appeared equally crisp and deep. The map depicts a fault on both sides of Abulfeda F, but I noted some round hills there. The map also shows two short faults south of Abulfeda M, but they appeared as ordinary ridges. A narrow one with dark shadow extends southwest from Abulfeda M and ends at a small crater. Another one with lighter shad- owing has a swollen southwest end. Several mounds are north of Abulfeda F. A modest peak is just west of Abulfeda M, and a curved ridge is north of this crater. This ridge does not appear to be part of an old ring, but there is gray shading immediately to its west followed by a large darker area. I checked this area later nearer to full, and the north lobe of Abulfeda F looked very slightly larger. Howev- er, I checked again at the following waxing phase, and it appeared as I had drawn it. A variety of images that I found were inconclusive. Abulfeda F & M, Robert H. Hays, Jr., Worth, Illinois, USA. 21 March 2021 02:13-02:43 UT. 15 cm reflector telescope, 170 x. Seeing 8-7/10, transparency 6/6. The Lunar Observer/July 2021/ 4 From Aristoteles to Atlas Rik Hill Such a magnificent expanse when the Moon is just past six days old. Starting from the upper left and going down we have the small crater Galle (22 km) at the top edge with the monster Aristoteles (90 km) just com- ing into the sunlight with little Mitchell (31 km) on its sunward side (east). Going further south we come to Eudoxus (70 km). Now below Eudoxus is an area with ragged boundaries. This is the crater Alexander (85 km), a very old, very eroded non-round crater dating back possibly over 4 billion years! Just right of center of this image is the crater Bürg (41 km) sitting in the middle of the hexagonal mare Lacus Mortis (Lake of Death). Notice the 4 or 5 rimae roughly radiating from Bürg to the outer wall of the Lacus. They are not all the same morphology and the better resolution you apply, the more interesting they get. The twin craters south of Bürg are Plana (46 km) to the left and Mason (44 km) to the right. South of them in the flat area that is Lacus Somniorum is a little bump that is Mason 1 dome. Further to the south is a relatively young crater Grove (29 km) and in the corner of the image is Danielle (31 km). At the top of this image in the upper right corner are twin large craters, Hercules (71 km) with the smaller Hercules A (13 km) on its floor and next to it is Atlas with its system of rimae on its floor. So much is go- ing on inside this crater that can be studied at better libration. One last crater is Keldysh (34 km) above these two bigger craters. This whole region offers so much early in every lunation. Aristoteles to Atlas, Richard Hill, Loudon Observatory, Tucson, Arizona, USA. 18 May 2021, 02:03 UT, colongitude 347.1o. 8 inch f/20 Maksutov-Cassegrain telescope, 610 nm filter, SKYRIS 132M camera. Seeing 7/10. The Lunar Observer/July 2021/ 5 A Set of Wonders in and Around Taruntius Luis Francisco Alsina Cardinalli and Alberto Anunziato Revisiting the images of lunar observers from the Sociedad Lunar Argentina for the Focus-On Section of this issue of TLO, I came across a fascinating image of Taruntius and its surroundings. Sure, Taruntius is one of the most interesting craters on the Moon. In words by Peter Grego (page 145) it "presides over a fair- ly bland region full of gnarled hills and unimpressive, highly eroded craters." Taruntius, says Peter, has a "distinct double-walled appearance when it is near the terminator", which is because its outer walls are low and it has an inner ring, around its central peak, that appears higher than the outside walls.
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  • The Composition of the Lunar Crust: Radiative Transfer Modeling and Analysis of Lunar Visible and Near-Infrared Spectra

    The Composition of the Lunar Crust: Radiative Transfer Modeling and Analysis of Lunar Visible and Near-Infrared Spectra

    THE COMPOSITION OF THE LUNAR CRUST: RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF LUNAR VISIBLE AND NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS DECEMBER 2009 By Joshua T.S. Cahill Dissertation Committee: Paul G. Lucey, Chairperson G. Jeffrey Taylor Patricia Fryer Jeffrey J. Gillis-Davis Trevor Sorensen Student: Joshua T.S. Cahill Student ID#: 1565-1460 Field: Geology and Geophysics Graduation date: December 2009 Title: The Composition of the Lunar Crust: Radiative Transfer Modeling and Analysis of Lunar Visible and Near-Infrared Spectra We certify that we have read this dissertation and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geology and Geophysics. Dissertation Committee: Names Signatures Paul G. Lucey, Chairperson ____________________________ G. Jeffrey Taylor ____________________________ Jeffrey J. Gillis-Davis ____________________________ Patricia Fryer ____________________________ Trevor Sorensen ____________________________ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I must first express my love and appreciation to my family. Thank you to my wife Karen for providing love, support, and perspective. And to our little girl Maggie who only recently became part of our family and has already provided priceless memories in the form of beautiful smiles, belly laughs, and little bear hugs. The two of you provided me with the most meaningful reasons to push towards the "finish line". I would also like to thank my immediate and extended family. Many of them do not fully understand much about what I do, but support the endeavor acknowledging that if it is something I’m willing to put this much effort into, it must be worthwhile.