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Annals of the ICRP 7 8 ICRP PUBLICATION XXX 9 10 DRAFT REPORT FOR CONSULTATION: DO NOT REFERENCE 1 ICRP ref 4838-2850-7665 2 20 September 2012 3 4 5 6 Annals of the ICRP 7 8 ICRP PUBLICATION XXX 9 10 11 Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides 12 Part 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 DRAFT DOCUMENT 37 38 Information in this consultation document is preliminary. The document should not be cited in any published material in 39 advance of final approval for publication by the Commission of ICRP. 40 1 DRAFT REPORT FOR CONSULTATION: DO NOT REFERENCE 41 42 Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides 43 Part 2 44 45 ICRP Publication XXX 46 47 Approved by the Commission in 20XX 48 49 Abstract- The 2007 Recommendations (Publication 103, ICRP, 2007) introduced changes to 50 the radiation and tissue weighting factors used in calculation of effective dose. In addition, 51 Publication 103 clarified the need for separate calculation of equivalent dose to males and 52 females and sex-averaging in the calculation of effective dose (ICRP, 2007) and adopted the 53 use of reference anatomical computational phantoms, in place of the composite mathematical 54 models that have been used previously. 55 These substantial changes implied a revision of the dose coefficients for internal exposure, 56 published previously in the Publication 30 series (ICRP, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1988b). This 57 work was performed by Committee 2 and its Task Groups INDOS and DOCAL. 58 This report is the second in a series of documents replacing the Publication 30 series and 59 Publication 68 (ICRP, 1994b) and providing revised dose coefficients for occupational 60 intakes of radionuclides (OIR) by inhalation and ingestion. It provides data on individual 61 elements and their radioisotopes, including biokinetic data and models, dose coefficients and 62 data for bioassay interpretation. Electronic discs accompanying this series give extensive 63 additional information. 64 This second report in the series provides the above data for the following elements : 65 Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Phosphorus (P), Sulphur (S), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Cobalt 66 (Co), Zinc (Zn), Strontium (Sr), Yttrium (Y), Zirconium (Zr), Niobium (Nb), Molybdenum 67 (Mo) and Technetium (Tc). 68 The current version, posted for public consultation, contains only the biokinetic data and 69 the models. The total set of dose coefficients and data for bioassay interpretation will be 70 included in the final version. 71 © 201X ICRP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 72 73 Keywords: Occupational exposure, Internal Dose Assessment, Biokinetic and Dosimetric 74 models, Bioassays interpretation. 75 2 DRAFT REPORT FOR CONSULTATION: DO NOT REFERENCE 76 77 CONTENTS 78 PREFACE ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 79 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 9 80 2. HYDROGEN (Z = 1) ............................................................................................................................. 12 81 2.1. CHEMICAL FORMS IN THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................... 12 82 2.2. ROUTES OF INTAKE ..................................................................................................... 12 83 2.2.1. INHALATION ...................................................................................................... 12 84 2.2.2. INGESTION ......................................................................................................... 18 85 2.2.3. SYSTEMIC DISTRIBUTION, RETENTION AND EXCRETION .................................... 19 86 2.2.3.1. Summary of the database ............................................................................ 19 87 2.2.3.2. Biokinetic models for systemic tritium ....................................................... 22 88 2.3. INDIVIDUAL MONITORING ........................................................................................... 26 89 3. CARBON (Z = 6) .................................................................................................................................... 31 90 3.1. CHEMICAL FORMS IN THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................... 31 91 3.2. ROUTES OF INTAKE ..................................................................................................... 31 92 3.2.1. INHALATION ...................................................................................................... 31 93 3.2.2. INGESTION ......................................................................................................... 38 94 3.2.3. SYSTEMIC DISTRIBUTION, RETENTION AND EXCRETION .................................... 38 95 3.2.3.1. Examples of published biokinetic models for systemic carbon .................. 41 96 3.2.3.2. Biokinetic models for systemic carbon used in this report ......................... 45 97 3.3. INDIVIDUAL MONITORING ........................................................................................... 50 98 4. PHOSPHORUS (Z = 15) ...................................................................................................................... 55 99 4.1. CHEMICAL FORMS IN THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................... 55 100 4.2. ROUTES OF INTAKE ..................................................................................................... 55 101 4.2.1. INHALATION ...................................................................................................... 55 102 4.2.2. INGESTION ......................................................................................................... 57 103 4.2.3. SYSTEMIC DISTRIBUTION, RETENTION AND EXCRETION .................................... 57 104 4.2.3.1. Summary of the database ............................................................................ 57 105 4.2.3.2. Biokinetic model for systemic phosphorus ................................................. 59 106 4.3. INDIVIDUAL MONITORING ........................................................................................... 61 107 5. SULPHUR (Z = 16) ................................................................................................................................ 64 108 5.1. CHEMICAL FORMS IN THE WORKPLACE ....................................................................... 64 109 5.2. ROUTES OF INTAKE ..................................................................................................... 64 110 5.2.1. INHALATION ...................................................................................................... 64 111 5.2.2. INGESTION ......................................................................................................... 68 112 5.2.3. SYSTEMIC DISTRIBUTION, RETENTION AND EXCRETION .................................... 68 113 5.2.3.1. Inorganic sulphur ........................................................................................ 68 114 5.2.3.2. Gaseous inorganic compounds .................................................................... 69 115 5.2.3.3. Generic model for inorganic sulphur .......................................................... 69 116 5.2.3.4. Organic compounds of sulphur ................................................................... 71 117 5.2.3.5. Treatment of radioactive progeny ............................................................... 72 118 5.2.3.6. Gender-related differences in biokinetics ................................................... 72 119 5.3. INDIVIDUAL MONITORING ........................................................................................... 73 3 DRAFT REPORT FOR CONSULTATION: DO NOT REFERENCE 120 6. CALCIUM (Z = 20) ............................................................................................................................... 75 121 6.1. CHEMICAL FORMS IN THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................... 75 122 6.2. ROUTES OF INTAKE ..................................................................................................... 75 123 6.2.1. INHALATION ...................................................................................................... 75 124 6.2.2. INGESTION ......................................................................................................... 76 125 6.2.3. SYSTEMIC DISTRIBUTION, RETENTION AND EXCRETION .................................... 77 126 6.2.3.1. Summary of the database ............................................................................ 77 127 6.2.3.2. Biokinetic model for systemic calcium ....................................................... 77 128 6.2.3.3. Treatment of radioactive progeny ............................................................... 81 129 6.3. INDIVIDUAL MONITORING .......................................................................................... 83 130 7. IRON (Z = 26) .......................................................................................................................................... 88 131 7.1. CHEMICAL FORMS IN THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................... 88 132 7.2. ROUTES OF INTAKE ..................................................................................................... 88 133 7.2.1. INHALATION .....................................................................................................
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