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The Death of the Transformative Author an Analysis of How Moral Rights in Copyright Law Have the Potential to Limit Creative Freedom

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The Death of the Transformative Author an Analysis of How Moral Rights in Copyright Law Have the Potential to Limit Creative Freedom The Death of the Transformative Author An analysis of how Moral Rights in Copyright Law have the potential to limit creative freedom Sarah Hook LLB. BA (Hons). Grad Dip Legal Prac. This Thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Western Sydney, School of Humanities and Communication Arts, 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The highs and lows of my Doctoral journey have been shared by many people who have encouraged, inspired and propelled me through the last four years. My foremost debt of gratitude goes to my supervisor Professor Peter Hutchings who bravely took on the project half way through. He was able in a short time to get my thesis back on track and with workshopping, polishing and guidance helped turn it into a piece of research I can be proud of. Thank you for your patience, your creativity and your understanding. Also my Co-Supervisor, Ivor Indyk, who at the very beginning of the thesis helped formulate the direction of the research. My fellow candidates on similar journeys shared with me the frustrations, joys, and stress of research and were great sources of laughter and support. The staff of the Humanities department I owe a great deal of recognition for in allowing me to frequently bug them and cheerfully helping out with all the little details despite their own busy workloads. To the people that got me on this path: My previous law professors who instilled in me the skills to critically analyse legislation and to always question its validity, my Honours supervisor Professor Leon Cantrell who has always been a source of inspiration to me, and my parents and family who have always supported me. My friends and family helped keep the experience from being lonely and isolating and their constant questions helped keep me enthused about the subject. Special thanks go to Ryan and Lindsay Hook for proof reading and giving me space and time to work, and to my little boy Alex for being so well behaved while Mummy was busy on the computer. Finally, to my relatives that passed before seeing me reach this stage: Richard Scott, Harry Josling, Edith Scott and in particular Robyn Hook. I hope that this would have made you proud. 2 STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICATION The work presented in this thesis is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original except as acknowledged in the text. I hereby declare that I have not submitted this material, either in full or in part, for another degree at this or any other institution. ................................................................................... Sarah Hook 3 Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... 2 Statement of Authentication ......................................................................................... 3 Abstract .................................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 1 ................................................................................................................... 11 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 11 Thesis Structure .................................................................................................. 14 Methodology and Sources .................................................................................. 19 Chapter 2 ................................................................................................................... 24 The Author-Work Bind .......................................................................................... 24 Authorship and Copyright .................................................................................. 25 The Romantic Authors – The Unacknowledged Legislators ............................. 34 Romanticism in law ........................................................................................... 41 Romantic Myths of Origin in Copyright Discourse ........................................... 46 Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 51 Chapter 3 ................................................................................................................... 53 Contemporary Literary Theory, Writing Practices and Production ....................... 53 Postmodernism and the Birth of the Reader ...................................................... 55 Genres under threat ............................................................................................ 63 Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 84 Chapter 4 ................................................................................................................... 86 The History of Moral Rights .................................................................................. 86 The French Beginning ........................................................................................ 87 German Jurisprudence ........................................................................................ 93 The Berne Convention ..................................................................................... 100 The Australian Development of Moral Rights ................................................. 104 The arguments for Moral Rights legislation .................................................... 110 The arguments against Moral Rights legislation .............................................. 115 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 119 Chapter 5 ................................................................................................................. 121 Legal Analysis ...................................................................................................... 121 Case Study ........................................................................................................ 123 Persuasive Authorities ...................................................................................... 140 International Cases ........................................................................................... 149 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 153 4 Chapter 6 ................................................................................................................. 155 “This is not a Pipe”*: The Fate of Parody and Satire .......................................... 155 Literary Theory on Parody ............................................................................... 157 Legal Theory on Parody ................................................................................... 163 Fair Dealing vs. Moral Rights .......................................................................... 173 Case Scenario Revisited ................................................................................... 179 Conclusion: signing the death warrant ............................................................. 183 Chapter 7 .................................................................................................................. 185 Damages and Defamation .................................................................................... 185 Compensating a non-economic loss ................................................................. 186 Consent and Waiver ......................................................................................... 193 Relationship with Defamation.......................................................................... 197 Right of Integrity in Defamation legislation – a better fit? .............................. 204 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 211 Chapter 8 .................................................................................................................. 213 Consent Culture versus Creative Commons ........................................................ 213 Hyper-referential Culture ................................................................................. 214 Consent Culture ................................................................................................ 219 Creative Commons ........................................................................................... 226 Alternatives ...................................................................................................... 233 The Heart of the Matter .................................................................................... 238 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 244 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 247 The Death of the Transformative Author ......................................................... 247 Limitations of research and Further Research Directions ................................ 258 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 259 Works Cited ............................................................................................................ 262 Works Consulted ....................................................................................................
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