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Secret Societies and the Easter Rising
Dominican Scholar Senior Theses Student Scholarship 5-2016 The Power of a Secret: Secret Societies and the Easter Rising Sierra M. Harlan Dominican University of California https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2016.HIST.ST.01 Survey: Let us know how this paper benefits you. Recommended Citation Harlan, Sierra M., "The Power of a Secret: Secret Societies and the Easter Rising" (2016). Senior Theses. 49. https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2016.HIST.ST.01 This Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at Dominican Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Dominican Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE POWER OF A SECRET: SECRET SOCIETIES AND THE EASTER RISING A senior thesis submitted to the History Faculty of Dominican University of California in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Arts in History by Sierra Harlan San Rafael, California May 2016 Harlan ii © 2016 Sierra Harlan All Rights Reserved. Harlan iii Acknowledgments This paper would not have been possible without the amazing support and at times prodding of my family and friends. I specifically would like to thank my father, without him it would not have been possible for me to attend this school or accomplish this paper. He is an amazing man and an entire page could be written about the ways he has helped me, not only this year but my entire life. As a historian I am indebted to a number of librarians and researchers, first and foremost is Michael Pujals, who helped me expedite many problems and was consistently reachable to answer my questions. -
Miscellaneous Notes on Republicanism and Socialism in Cork City, 1954–69
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON REPUBLICANISM AND SOCIALISM IN CORK CITY, 1954–69 By Jim Lane Note: What follows deals almost entirely with internal divisions within Cork republicanism and is not meant as a comprehensive outline of republican and left-wing activities in the city during the period covered. Moreover, these notes were put together following specific queries from historical researchers and, hence, the focus at times is on matters that they raised. 1954 In 1954, at the age of 16 years, I joined the following branches of the Republican Movement: Sinn Féin, the Irish Republican Army and the Cork Volunteers’Pipe Band. The most immediate influence on my joining was the discovery that fellow Corkmen were being given the opportunity of engag- ing with British Forces in an effort to drive them out of occupied Ireland. This awareness developed when three Cork IRA volunteers were arrested in the North following a failed raid on a British mil- itary barracks; their arrest and imprisonment for 10 years was not a deterrent in any way. My think- ing on armed struggle at that time was informed by much reading on the events of the Tan and Civil Wars. I had been influenced also, a few years earlier, by the campaigning of the Anti-Partition League. Once in the IRA, our initial training was a three-month republican educational course, which was given by Tomas Óg MacCurtain, son of the Lord Mayor of Cork, Tomas MacCurtain, who was murdered by British forces at his home in 1920. This course was followed by arms and explosives training. -
Official America's Reaction to the 1916 Rising
The Wilson administration and the 1916 rising Professor Bernadette Whelan Department of History University of Limerick Chapter in Ruan O’Donnell (ed.), The impact of the 1916 Rising: Among the Nations (Dublin, 2008) Woodrow Wilson’s interest in the Irish question was shaped by many forces; his Ulster-Scots lineage, his political science background, his admiration for British Prime Minister William Gladstone’s abilities and policies including that of home rule for Ireland. In his pre-presidential and presidential years, Wilson favoured a constitutional solution to the Irish question but neither did he expect to have to deal with foreign affairs during his tenure. This article will examine firstly, Woodrow Wilson’s reaction to the radicalization of Irish nationalism with the outbreak of the rising in April 1916, secondly, how the State Department and its representatives in Ireland dealt with the outbreak on the ground and finally, it will examine the consequences of the rising for Wilson’s presidency in 1916. On the eve of the rising, world war one was in its second year as was Wilson’s neutrality policy. In this decision he had the support of the majority of nationalist Irish-Americans who were not members of Irish-American political organisations but were loyal to the Democratic Party.1 Until the outbreak of the war, the chief Irish-American political organizations, Clan na Gael and the United Irish League of America, had been declining in size but in August 1914 Clan na Gael with Joseph McGarrity as a member of its executive committee, shared the Irish Republican Brotherhood’s (IRB) view that ‘England’s difficulty is Ireland’s opportunity’ and it acted to realize the IRB’s plans for a rising in Ireland against British rule. -
A 'Carnival of Reaction': Partition and the Defeat of Ireland's
A ‘Carnival of Reaction’: Partition and the Defeat of Ireland’s Revolutionary Wave Fergal McCluskey & Brian Kelly For more than a generation, estab- tant’s devotion to King and Empire. Above lishment historians and their acolytes in all, the panicked and violent response of the southern media have dominated pub- northern capitalists to the emergence of ten- lic debate about the nature and form of tative class-based unity in Belfast in 1907, the Irish revolution. In their rendering, 1919 and 1932 underscores the extraordinary the Rising constituted an unnecessary skir- measures which the maintenance of parti- mish between a benign, reforming empire tion has required.1 On successive occasions, and ultra-Catholic madmen and militarists. an industrial and political elite tied to the For many ordinary southerners, understand- Orange Order unleashed state violence and ably cynical about the influence welded by fomented sectarian rioting and expulsions the Catholic Church and a corrupt politi- from homes and workplaces. cal establishment since partition, the seeds Partition represented the fall-back policy of conservatism seem apparent from the of an imperial state thrown onto the defen- outset, flowing inevitably from the Rising sive during the revolutionary period. Even and the revolutionary upheaval that fol- prior to the 1801 union, the political and lowed. Since the outbreak of the Trou- military establishment consciously exploited bles in 1969, especially, a persistent and sectarian tensions in Ireland, leaning on the well-resourced effort has been made to show Orange Order to defeat the 1798 Rebellion. that partition reflected immutable differ- Sectarian antipathy originated in colonisa- ences between antagonistic ‘ethno-national’ tion but found new expression in disputes or ‘ethno-religious’ blocs. -
The German-American Role in Fight for Irish Freedom Irish and German Americans Found Common Cause in Opposing an Anglophile US Foreign Policy
The German-American role in fight for Irish freedom Irish and German Americans found common cause in opposing an Anglophile US foreign policy. Links forged during Boer War grew during WWI and Easter Rising Fri, Dec 9, 2016, 12:37 Irish Times R Bryan Willits On April 25th, 1916, the New-Yorker Staats-Zeitung published on its front page an article with the headline, “Sir Roger Casement in the Hands of the British: the Irish Patriot Sought to Bring Weapons to Ireland”. Such a headline suggests that the editors not only expected their German speaking readership to recognize Casement’s name, but also to concern themselves with his fate. While it might seem unusual that an ill-fated Irish rebel should occupy such a prominent position on that page, especially when the fatherland from which the German- American diaspora had sprung was at that time engaged in the greatest war the world had ever known, the article was far from aberrant. Casement was by this time well known for his humanitarian efforts in Africa and South America, and had recently spent time openly campaigning in the United States for the cause of German support for Irish independence. His 1916 mission, his arrest, and the subsequent coverage in the German language press in the United States was in actuality only the most recent development in a long struggle for Irish independence in which Germany and German-Americans had played a large role since the dawn of the twentieth century. Connections between Irish and German-Americans that would play out during the first World War and the Rising were already being forged at the time of the Second Anglo-Boer War when German and Irish-Americans made common cause of protesting what they saw as British cupidity and rapine in southern Africa. -
Border States: Destroying Partition and Defending the Realm, 1949-1961
Border States: Destroying Partition and Defending the Realm, 1949-1961 Author: James P. Rynne Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108818 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2020 Copyright is held by the author. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). Border States: Destroying Partition and Defending the Realm, 1949-1961 James P. Rynne A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Boston College Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences Graduate School April 2020 © Copyright 2020 James P. Rynne BORDER STATES: DESTROYING PARTITION AND DEFENDING THE REALM, 1949-1961 James P. Rynne Advisors: Oliver P. Rafferty, S.J., D.Phil., Robert J. Savage, Ph.D. Irish Republicans found themselves at a crisis moment in 1949. Legislation enacted by each state on the island affirmed the political reality of Ireland’s partition. The Southern state declared an Irish Republic while the Northern state affirmed the continued integration of Northern Ireland within the United Kingdom. The partition of island between these two governments was reinforced by the Irish border in the 1950s as it had been for the previous three decades. The Irish Republican Army remained committed to ending the separation through force while the Northern Ireland security apparatus steadfastly safeguarded the realm against any foreign incursion or domestic insurrection. Irish Republicanism reorganized and the IRA launched a disastrously planned and under- resourced Border Campaign between 1956 and 1962. -
John Devoy: Feniánusok És Ír-Amerikaiak Az Ír Függetlenségért
Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kar DOKTORI DISSZERTÁCIÓ Szedmina Lívia John Devoy: Feniánusok és ír-amerikaiak az ír függetlenségért Irodalomtudományi Doktori Iskola Dr. Kállay Géza PhD, a Doktori Iskola vezetője Amerikanisztika doktori program Dr. Frank Tibor CMHAS, a program vezetője A bizottság tagjai: Dr. Bollobás Enikő DSc, egyetemi tanár Dr. Szabó Éva Eszter PhD, egyetemi adjunktus Dr. Lévai Csaba PhD, egyetemi docens Dr. Benczik Vera PhD, egyetemi adjunktus Dr. Pintér Károly PhD, egyetemi docens Dr. Federmayer Éva PhD Témavezető: Dr. Frank Tibor CMHAS Budapest 2014 Eötvös Loránd University Faculty of Humanities DOCTORAL DISSERTATION Lívia Szedmina John Devoy: Fenians and Irish-Americans for Irish Independence Doctoral School of Literary Studies Dr. Géza Kállay PhD, Head of the Doctoral School American Studies Doctoral Program Professor Tibor Frank, Head of the Doctoral Program Members of the Committee: Dr. Enikő Bollobás DSc, Professor Dr. Éva Eszter Szabó PhD, Assistant professor Dr. Csaba Lévai PhD, Associate professor Dr. Vera Benczik PhD, Assistant professor Dr. Károly Pintér PhD, Associate professor Dr. Éva Federmayer PhD Supervisor: Professor Tibor Frank Budapest 2014 Acknowledgements This work could not have been written without the invaluable support of my supervisor, Professor Tibor Frank, for which I am extremely grateful. Also, I am thankful to Subotica Tech – College of Applied Sciences for allowing me to pursue my postgraduate studies, and to my colleagues at the regular meetings in office 109 for the shared experience. None of this would have been possible without the eternal encouragement and support of Dr. Márta Takács, to whom I owe much gratitude. Professor Terry Golway, Director of Kean University Center for History, Politics and Policy is the author of the most encompassing biography on John Devoy and has selflessly helped me with data, references, and other minutiae regarding this Fenian, for which I am deeply grateful. -
Fenians, Ribbonmen and Popular Ideology's Role in Nationalist Politics: East Tyrone, 1906-9 Author(S): Fergal Mccluskey Source: Irish Historical Studies, Vol
Fenians, Ribbonmen and popular ideology's role in nationalist politics: east Tyrone, 1906-9 Author(s): Fergal McCluskey Source: Irish Historical Studies, Vol. 37, No. 145 (May 2010), pp. 61-82 Published by: Cambridge University Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20750045 Accessed: 31-12-2019 18:31 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Cambridge University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Irish Historical Studies This content downloaded from 82.31.34.218 on Tue, 31 Dec 2019 18:31:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Irish Historical Studies, xxxvii, no. 145 (May 2010) Fenians, Ribbonmen and popular ideology's role in nationalist politics: east Tyrone, 1906-9 Irish demands nationalist of self-government politics and a resolutionbetween of the1906 land andissue; as1909 such, therevolved around the twin period was demarcated by two pieces of Liberal government legislation: the May 1907 Irish Council Bill and Birrell's December 1909 land act.1 The latter was partially a response to western Irish Republican Brotherhood (I.R.B.)-inspired 'agrarian militancy' on the part of the United Irish League (U.I.L.) and the emerging Sinn Fein movement's ability to 'outflank' the Irish Parliamentary Party (LRR) on the issue, which effectively forced Irish Party leader John Redmond 'to adopt a radical agrarian policy in June 1907'.2 However, outside Connacht, the U.I.L. -
Irish Bonds of Community
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Irish American Studies Race, Ethnicity, and Post-Colonial Studies 1991 Erin's Heirs: Irish Bonds of Community Dennis Clark Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Clark, Dennis, "Erin's Heirs: Irish Bonds of Community" (1991). Irish American Studies. 1. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_irish_american_studies/1 ERIN'S HEIRS This page intentionally left blank ERIN'S HEIRS Irish Bonds of Community DENNIS CLARK THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY Copyright © 1991 by The University Press of Kentucky Paperback edition 2009 The University Press of Kentucky Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. All rights reserved. Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky 663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008 www.kentuckypress.com Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-0-8131-9294-9 (pbk: acid-free paper) This book is printed on acid-free recycled paper meeting the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence in Paper for Printed Library Materials. -
The Mccartan Documents, 1916 Author(S): F
Clogher Historical Society The McCartan Documents, 1916 Author(s): F. X. Martin Source: Clogher Record, Vol. 6, No. 1 (1966), pp. 5-65 Published by: Clogher Historical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27695579 . Accessed: 30/03/2013 10:05 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Clogher Historical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Clogher Record. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 86.174.204.174 on Sat, 30 Mar 2013 10:05:23 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions The McCartan Documents, 1916 by Professor Rev. F. X. Martin, O.S.A. A police report written at Omagh, county Tyrone, on 23 May 1916, in the aftermath of the Easter Rising, declared: perhaps in no other county in Ireland had stronger or more insidious influences been at work than in this county, since the outbreak of the War, to undermine the loyalty of the people and spread the insurrectionary movement. A principal reason why strenuous efforts were made to form this county into a centre of disaffection was the his toric associations of Tyrone. -
The Clan Na Gael 1912-1916
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2018 Political activism and resistance in Irish America : the clan na gael 1912-1916. Sara Bethany Bornemann University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Bornemann, Sara Bethany, "Political activism and resistance in Irish America : the clan na gael 1912-1916." (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2940. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2940 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. POLITICAL RESISTANCE AND ACTIVISM IN IRISH AMERICA: THE CLAN NA GAEL 1912-1916 By Sara Bethany Bornemann B.A., Bridgewater State University, 2015 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts In History Department of History University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky May 2018 POLITICAL RESISTANCE AND ACTIVISM IN IRISH AMERICA: THE CLAN NA GAEL 1912-1916 By Sara Bornemann B.A. [Bridgewater State University, 2015] A Thesis Approved On 4/11/2018 By the following Thesis Committee _______________________________________________ Dr. Theresa M. Keeley, Thesis Director _______________________________________________ Dr. -
Those Who Set the Stage Republicans and Those Who Would Resort To
3.0 Those who Set the Stage 3.2 Republicans and those who would resort to physical force 3.2.2 John Devoy, Joseph McGarrity and Clan na Gael Clan na Gael directly contributed to the Rising by providing American funding and arms for the Irish Volunteers. John Devoy (1842-1928) was born into a family living in a cottage on half an acre at Kill, Co. Kildare. The family moved to Dublin where he was educated by the Christian Brothers at O’Connell’s Schools on North Richmond Street, at Marlborough Street model school, and at Strand Street model school, where he became a paid monitor for a couple of years before finding more remunerative employment as a clerk. Devoy came into contact with political activists while learning Irish at evening classes, eventually being sworn into the secret society known as the Fenians in 1861. After a year with the French Foreign Legion in Algeria, he settled in Naas, Co. Kildare, where he worked as a Fenian organiser. The Fenian leader, James Stephens, next entrusted him with the recruitment of Irishmen in British regiments. He was eventually arrested in February 1866 and sentenced to fifteen years penal servitude; he was released in 1871, having served four years in various British prisons. On his release he emigrated to the United States. Around 1873 Devoy joined Clan na Gael (founded in 1867) which under his leadership became the premier Irish-American nationalist organisation. One of his most spectacular coups was the daring rescue of six Fenians 1 3.2.2 John Devoy, Joseph McGarrity and Clan na Gael from penal servitude in Fremantle, Australia in 1876 by means of the whaler Catalpa.