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128470NCJRS.Pdf If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. ~~ [COMMITI'EE PRINT] 99TH CoNGRESS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 2d Session LATIN AMERICAN STUDY MISSIONS I, CONCERNING INTERNATIONAL NARCOTW~ PROBLEMS (August 3-19, 19 ) A REPORT OF THE _!L~.!..cctJ.~~. ~~c;.e . .___ .___________ _ 128470 ,,, SELECT COMMITTEE ON NARCOTICS U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice ABUSE AND CONTROL This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the person or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated NINETY-NINTH CONGRESS in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of SECOND SESSION Justice. SCNAC-99-2-1 Permission to reproduce this _ iI!!I I material has been granted bl! Pub11C Domain EmRJl..lrY! ~. ~S. House of Representatives DRUG ENFn~"-::-!-,(~IT 1\ni,~nr'\"0''\'Nf'' to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Further reproduction outside of the NCJRS system requires permis­ sion of the ~wner. w f: ;".1:- ;:,- ~ ~;~ ~~ ~.. Printed for the use of the ;r.;) Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control f6;~! U.S_ GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE !ili-:J2!IO WASHINGTON: 1986 06-329 0-86-1 ..." CONTENTS Page 1 3 4 8 28 47 q 78 91 hi 101 SELECT COMMlTI'EE ON NARCOTICS ABUSE AND CONTROL I::~i_i~ii~iii!iij!~:~ii:l~j_:i 103 ~( (99th Congress) ~~7 mIl r~t. CHARLES B. RANGEL, New York, Chairman ~~~.' PETER W. RODINO, JR., New Jersey BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, New York 'f~ FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK, California LAWRENCE COUGHLIN, Pennsylvania JAMES H. SCHEUER, New York E. CLAY SHAW, JR., Florida CARDISS COLLINS, Illinois MICHAEL G. OXLEY, Ohio DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii STAN PARRIS, Virginia FRANK J. GUARINI, New Jersey GENE CHAPPlE, California ROBERT T. MATSUI, California DUNCAN HUNTER, California DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida JOSEPH J. DIoGUARDI, New York WALTER E. FAUNTROY, District of Columbia MICHAEL L. STRANG, Colorado JOHN G. ROWLAND, Connecticut WILLIAM J. HUGHES, New Jersey MEL LEVINE, California SOLOMON P. ORTIZ, Texas LAWRENCE J. SMITH, Florida EDOLPHUS "ED" TOWNS, New York +. .. 1 . iiii,:' CoMMI'ITEE STAFF [~ JOHN T. CUSACK, Chu,f of Staff !I ll~; ELUOTr A. BROWN, Minority Staff Director ijJ' (I)) ,~j\ '!", ~ ,.ft1': .••.. : . • I';[i ~·f INTRODUCTION ERRATA From August 3 to 19, 1985, the Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control in furtherance of its responsibility to conduct a comprehensive and continuing oversight of the traffic and abuse of Page 48, line 2: narcotic and psychotropic drugs affecting the United States, car­ The correct year is l1§i, not ried out a study mission to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, 1864. Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. This part of the world is extreme­ ly important to any solution of the drug problem in the United 1't States because all of the cocaine and 70 percent of the marijuana ;;:, Page 48, line 12: reaching our streets comes from there. i..;'~! When this Committee visited Peru in 1983, 55,QQ@ tons of (1) ~i·.: coca production •••• b;.;!',,~l ~i {... ~~ Page 98. line 13: to 551 kilograms ~!, >\'... L'Whl-Ji { QRU.G El\(FORC1:}~1:~T:·"t AiJf.'d .,\~'':.·{;~.-n~H';t" ~ ,"-' ~-"~ .... FOREWORD j j The following is a report on the Select Committee on Narcotics '1 Abuse and Control's study mission to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bo­ .\ livia Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay from August 3 through Au~st 19, 1985. The delegation consisted of five members of the i Select Committee, one member of the Permanent Select Committee 1 on Intelligence and one member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Members of the Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Con­ trol who participated in the mission were: Chairman Charles B. Rangel of New York, Ranking Minority Member Benjamin A. Gilman of New York and Representatives Frank J. Guarini of New Jersey, Edolphus "Ed" Towns of New York and Lawrence Coughlin of Pennsylvania. Norman Lent of New York participated as a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce and Andy Ire­ land of Florida as a member of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Accompanying the Committee were John T. Cusack, Chief of Staff, Elliott A. Brown, Minority Staff Director, George R. Gilbert, Counsel, all of the Select Committee; James P. Rowan and Mary-Alyce Jones of the Office of Speaker Thomas P. O'Neill; George A. Dalley and Vivien E. Jones of Representative Rangel's staff. Also accompanying the Committee were representa­ tives of several agencies of the executive branch, James J. Gorm­ ley, office of the Assistant Secretary of State for International Nar­ cotic Matters; James M. Kenaston of the Drug Enforcement Ad­ ministration (DEA); and Ann A. Stout, Director, House Liaison, De­ fense Security Assistance Agency, Department of Defense. (3) ~\ k" Ill';.,tr~~ ,~~~?~1f 5 the world. On the positive side, they found a dramatic change in attitude from 1983 in that their governments now recognize the extent and depth of the illicit production and traffic of drugs in their countri~s. They rea~ize that the narcotic boom is corruptin~ their institutions and SOCIety ~nd that drug abuse has become. e,PI­ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE REPORT OF THE SELECT CoMMITl'EE ON demic particularly among theIr young people. Also on the pOSItive NARCOTICS ABUSE AND CoNTROL, STuDY MISSION TO COLOMBIA, Ec­ side they found Colombia making a good start at effectively eradi­ UADOR, PERU, BOLIVIA, BRAZIL, ARGENTINA, AND URUGUAY, cating the huge cultivation of marijuana on the North Coast AUGUST 3-19,1985 through aerial spray with herbicides. In Ecuador, Brazil and Argentina, they learned that the enor­ The Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control completed moUs narcotic production and trafficking infrastructures in Colom­ a two-week study mission to South America from August 3-19, bia Peru and Bolivia were expanding into these neighboring coun­ 1985, to inspect drug production, trafficking problems, drug abuse tri~s. Long dormant wild growth of coca in the Amazon jungles of and efforts by the State Department and the Drug Enforcement Brazil is now being cultivated at the instigation of Colombian traf­ Administration to assist governments in the region to bring the fickers in connivance with Brazilian counterparts. problem under control. The same phenomenon has developed in Ecuador on the border This part of the world continues to be extremely important to with Colombia. The latter country has cooperated with Ecuador in " Y any solution to the drug epidemic in the United States because it is ~~~:,~ recent campaigns to manually eradicate this cultivation. Brazil has ~,~~,~ the source of all of the cocaine and coca paste and 70 percent of the organized and implemented three aggressive coca eradication cam­ ;>-i!~"I". marijuana entering the United States. ~ !!"; paigns in the Amazon basin during the past year and has also de­ ','."" It is estimated that at a minimum 85 tons of cocaine entered the stroyed a number of coca paste conversion facilities. Peru and Co­ *i United States in 1984 and about 125 tons will enter in 1985 com­ lombia have commenced joint raids against illicit coca and cocaine pared with 25 tons in 1980. processing on their borders at the headwaters of the Amazon near According to the Drug Enforcement Administration, 4.4 metric Leticia. tons of cocaine were seized nationally in 1982; 7.3 tons in 1983; and 11.7 tons in 1984. During the first six months of 1985 in south Flor­ Brazil and Argentina are the sources for much of the industrial ida alone over 13 tons of cocaine were seized, more than in the chemicals used to produce coca paste and cocaine in Peru and Bo­ entire country in 1984. livia. While it is difficult to control those widely used industrial The Committee group visited seven countries: Colombia, Ecuador, chemicals, both Brazil and Argentina recognize the need to in­ Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay and met with the crease and intensify their efforts to track the movement of those heads of state of six of those nations in addition to meeting with substances as a means to seize illicit cocaine laboratories. Banks in the concerned cabinet ministers, parliamentary and law enforce­ Brazil are also being used by trafficking organizations in neighbor­ ment leaders of each government. ing countries to launder money. Members of the Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Con­ Ecuador recognizes that coca paste from Peru and some produced trol who participated in the mission were: Chairman Charles B. from the limited coca production in Ecuador is illicitly converted to Rangel of New York; Ranking Minority Member, Benjamin A. cocaine in the country. Ecuador also reports that its territory is Gilman of New York; Frank J. Guarini of New Jersey; Edolphus being used as a transit route for cocaine from Peru and Colombia "Ed" Towns of New York; and Lawrence Coughlin of Pennsylvania. being smuggled by air and sea to the United States and worldwide. Norman Lent of New York participated as a member of the Com­ Argentina reported cocaine laboratories in the northeast section mittee on Energy and Commerce and Andy Ireland of Florida, as a of the country near Bolivia converting coca paste smuggled from member of the Committee on Intelligence. that country. Argentina also reports that Buenos Aires is being Committee working parties participated in helicopter on-site in­ used as a transit base to smuggle cocaine of Bolivian, Peruvian and spections of marijuana cultivation in Colombia and coca production ~rgentine manufacture internationally. Brazil reports that its ter­ and eradication in Peru. They landed to inspect a site in Colombia r~tory is being used as a transit base for smuggling cocaine of Peru­ where marijuana had been successfully eradicated by aerial herbi­ VIan, Bolivian and Colombian origin worldwide.
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