New Home Cemetery (41FB334): Archaeological Search Exhumation, and Reinterment of Multiple Historic Graves Along FM 1464, Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas
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Volume 2012 Article 1 2012 New Home Cemetery (41FB334): Archaeological Search Exhumation, and Reinterment of Multiple Historic Graves along FM 1464, Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas Mary Cassandra Hill Jeremy W. Pye Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Hill, Mary Cassandra and Pye, Jeremy W. (2012) "New Home Cemetery (41FB334): Archaeological Search Exhumation, and Reinterment of Multiple Historic Graves along FM 1464, Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2012, Article 1. https://doi.org/10.21112/ita.2012.1.1 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2012/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. New Home Cemetery (41FB334): Archaeological Search Exhumation, and Reinterment of Multiple Historic Graves along FM 1464, Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas Licensing Statement This is a work for hire produced for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), which owns all rights, title, and interest in and to all data and other information developed for this project under its contract with the report producer. The report may be cited and brief passages from this publication may be reproduced without permission provided that credit is given to TxDOT and the firm that produced it. Permission to reprint an entire chapter, section, figures or tables must be obtained in advance from the Supervisor of the Archeological Studies Branch, Environmental Affairs Division, Texas Department of Transportation, 125 East 11th Street, Austin, Texas, 78701 This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2012/iss1/1 NEW HOME CEMETERY (41FB334): ARCHAEOLOGICAL SEARCH, EXHUMATION, AND REINTERMENT OF MULTIPLE HISTORIC GRAVES ALONG FM 1464, SUGAR LAND, FORT BEND COUNTY, TEXAS (CSJ 1415-02-032) by Dr. Mary Cassandra Hill Jeremy W. Pye Principal Investigator Duane E. Peter for Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division ARCHEOLOGICAL STUDIES PROGRAM REPORT NUMBER 145 TEXAS ANTIQUITIES PERMIT NO. 5804 MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS OF INVESTIGATIONS NUMBER 545 December 2012 NEW HOME CEMETERY (41FB334): ARCHAEOLOGICAL SEARCH, EXHUMATION, AND REINTERMENT OF MULTIPLE HISTORIC GRAVES ALONG FM 1464, SUGAR LAND, FORT BEND COUNTY, TEXAS (CSJ 1415-02-032) by Mary Cassandra Hill Jeremy W. Pye with contributions by Melissa M. Green Lindsey Skelton Adam Leroy Teresa Nugent Principal Investigator Duane E. Peter for Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division 118 East Riverside Drive Austin, Texas 78704 Archeological Studies Program Report Number 145 TEXAS ANTIQUITIES PERMIT NUMBER 5804 MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS OF INVESTIGATIONS NUMBER 545 Geo-Marine, Inc. 2201 K Avenue, Suite A2 Plano, Texas 75074 December 2012 Copyright © 2012 Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) This is a work for hire produced for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), which owns all rights, title, and interest in and to all data and other information developed for this project under Contract No. 579 xx SA005, Work Authorization 08. Brief passages from this publication may be reproduced without permission, provided that credit is given to TxDOT and Geo-Marine, Inc. Permission to reprint an entire chapter, section, figures, or tables must be obtained in advance from the Supervisor of the Archeological Studies Program, Environmental Affairs Division, Texas Department of Transportation, 125 East 11th St., Austin, Texas 78701- 2483. Copies of this publication have been deposited with the Texas State Library in compliance with the State Depository requirements. Printed by Sir Speedy Richardson, Texas published by: Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division Archeological Studies Program Scott Pletka, Ph.D., Supervisor Archeological Studies Program, Report No. 145 and Geo-Marine, Inc. Plano, Texas Miscellaneous Reports of Investigations Number 545 GMI No. 22005.00.08 ISBN: 978-1-935545-12-5 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) plans improvements to Farm-to-Market road (FM) 1464 between Stratford Creek Drive and Oyster Creek, Sugar Land, Texas, in eastern Fort Bend County, southwest of downtown Houston. Those proposed improvements will expand the FM 1464 right-of-way about 20 feet eastward into an approximately 328-foot length adjacent to New Home Cemetery, which is at the intersection of FM 1464 and Orchard Lake Estates Drive. This report recounts the recovery, analysis, and reinterment of the human remains, funerary objects and furnishings, and all associated artifacts associated with burials found in the right-of- way adjacent to New Home Cemetery (41FB334) as proscribed by contractual agreements between Geo-Marine, Inc., and TxDOT. Previous investigations within the right-of-way during the spring of 2010 had encountered human remains and associated funerary objects, prompting further excavation of the right-of-way bordering the cemetery. Geo-Marine was subsequently contracted by TxDOT to search, exhume, analyze, and rebury any human remains found within the right-of-way and under the existing roadbed of FM 1464. From November 15, 2010, to December 17, 2010, Geo-Marine conducted the first phase of fieldwork with the archaeological search, exhumation, and analysis of multiple historic graves. A total of 24 unmarked burials—11 complete skeletons and 13 partial—was recovered. The comprehensive osteological analyses included the identification of sex, age, ethnicity, pathology, nutrition, and other health history, plus possible/probable cause of death. The detailed analyses revealed that these individuals were engaged in an active lifestyle mostly associated with physical labor. This lifestyle unfortunately led to severe physical pain and suffering, and at times early death. During that investigative phase, funerary materials, including casket handles, nails, and thumbscrews, were sent to the funerary hardware specialist to determine typology, material, and timeframe. Based on the funerary analyses, the timeframe for the burials ranged from 1895 through the late 1960s. In addition, a small area indicating a prehistoric component was identified near the north end of the scraped area, but contained no evidence of the historic cemetery. The second phase of the project began on May 2, 2011, with the systematic scraping of the area located under the old roadbed. No burials or human remains were encountered during that phase. Only a small amount of possible funerary material was recovered from underneath the roadway; the majority of items encountered were associated with modern or industrial trash. Reinterment iii occurred on May 9, 2011, during the second phase of search and recovery. The 24 individuals removed and recorded during Phase I were reinterred, along with all associated funerary objects and furnishings as well as with all associated artifacts, within the existing New Home Cemetery. iv ABSTRACT The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) plans improvements to Farm-to-Market road (FM) 1464 between Stratford Creek Drive and Oyster Creek, Sugar Land, Texas, in eastern Fort Bend County, southwest of downtown Houston. Those proposed improvements will expand the FM 1464 right-of-way about 20 feet eastward into an approximately 328-foot length adjacent to New Home Cemetery (41FB334), which is at the intersection of FM 1464 and Orchard Lake Estates Drive. Geo-Marine was contracted by TxDOT to search, exhume, analyze, and rebury any human remains found within the right-of-way and under the existing roadbed of FM 1464. From mid- November to mid-December 2010, Geo-Marine conducted Phase I fieldwork—the archaeological search, exhumation, and analysis of multiple historic graves. A total of 24 unmarked burials—11 complete skeletons and 13 partial—was recovered. The comprehensive osteological analyses, which included the identification of sex, age, ethnicity, pathology, nutrition, and other health history, plus possible/probable cause of death, revealed that these individuals were engaged in an active lifestyle, mostly associated with physical labor that led to severe physical pain and suffering, and at times early death. During Phase I, analyses of funerary materials, including markers, burial containers, casket handles, plaques, nails, and thumbscrews, was undertaken to determine typology, material, and timeframe. Based on the funerary analyses, the timeframe for the burials ranged from 1895 through the late 1960s. Additionally, a small area containing prehistoric materials was also encountered, but the historic cemetery did not appear to overlap. On May 2, 2011, Phase II of the project began with the systematic scraping of the area located under the old roadbed. No burials or human remains were encountered during that