Faces & Places

CERN Courier March 2017 CERN Courier March 2017 Dark-matter searches Faces & Places WIMP paradigm would be under very strong pressure. With its –44 10 large, uniform target mass, low-energy threshold, and ultra-low background level, the observatory will also open up a unique 10–45 opportunity for other rare event searches such as axions and other A w A r d s weakly interacting light particles. It will address open questions in ) 2 10–46 neutrino physics, which is one of the most promising areas in which French Physical Society presents awards to search for physics beyond the Standard Model. At its lowest L Petizon/CNRS × × × L Petizon/CNRS 10–47 energies, the DARWIN detector will observe coherent neutrino- nucleus interactions from solar 8B neutrinos, thus precisely testing

cross-section (cm the standard-solar-model flux prediction, and may detect neutrinos 10–48 from galactic supernovae. The DARWIN observatory was approved for an initial fund- –49 10 ing period, via ASPERA, in 2010. It is included in the European Roadmap for Astroparticle Physics and in various other programs, 2 3 10 10 10 for example by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research WIMP mass (GeV/c2) and Innovation and the Strategic Plan for Astroparticle Physics in Fig. 2. Reconstructed parameters for three hypothetical particle the Netherlands. The current phase will culminate with a techni- masses (20, 100 and 500 GeV/c2) and a cross-section of cal design report in 2019, followed by engineering studies in 2020 2 × 10 –47 cm2 using realistic DARWIN detector parameters, and 2021, with the construction at LNGS and first physics runs backgrounds and astrophysical uncertainties. scheduled to start in 2022 and 2024, respectively. The experiment Marteen Boonekamp (left), François Gelis and Ubirajara van Kolck. will operate for at least 10 years and may write a new chapter in the At a ceremony held on 19 December at IPN to the measurement of the W mass at the Gelis of the Institut de Physique Théorique 200 tonnes × years (500 tonnes × years), a spin-independent WIMP exciting story of dark matter. –49 2 –49 2 Orsay, the French Physical Society awarded LHC’s ATLAS experiment, of which he has Saclay, for his work on quantum field theory sensitivity of 2.5 × 10 cm (1.5 × 10 cm ) can be reached at a the 2015 Prix Joliot Curie for experimental been a member since 2001. The event also in the strong-field regime and its applications WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c2. For spin-dependent WIMP–neutron ● Further reading particle physics to Marteen Boonekamp saw the French Physical Society present to the non-equilibrium evolution of quark– couplings and WIMP masses up to about 1 TeV, the searches con- www.darwin-observatory.org. of the Institut de recherche sur les lois the Paul Langevin Prize, which recognises gluon plasma, and Ubirajara van Kolck of ducted by DARWIN will be complementary to those of the LHC L Baudis 2016 Annalen Phys. DOI: 10.1002/andp.201500114. fondamentales de l̉Univers (IRFU) at distinguished theorists and has not been the Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, for and High-Luminosity LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV. L Baudis 2016 J. Phys. G DOI:10.1088/0954-3899/43/4/044001. Saclay. The prize, awarded every two years, awarded for the past few years. The winners his formulation of effective field theories in Natural xenon includes two isotopes with nonzero total nuclear DARWIN Collaboration 2016 JCAP DOI:10.1088/1475-7516/2016/11/017. recognised Boonekamp’s contributions of the 2015 Langevin Prize are François nuclear physics. angular momentum, 129Xe and 131Xe, at a combined abundance T Marrodan et al. 2015 J. Phys. G DOI:10.1088/0954-3899/43/1/013001. of about 50%. If the WIMP–nucleus interaction is indeed spin- Geneva physicists share Wolf Prize dependent, DARWIN will also probe inelastic WIMP–nucleus Résumé scattering, where these two nuclei are excited into low-lying states Pousser les WIMP jusque dans leurs limites ESO BBVA Foundation at 40 keV and 80 keV, respectively, with subsequent prompt de- The 2017 Wolf Prize in Physics has been excitation. The discovery of such a signature would be a clear indi- L’observatoire DARWIN, dont l’activité doit commencer dans les awarded to Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz cation for an axial-vector coupling of WIMPs to nuclei. années 2020 au laboratoire de Gran Sasso, promet d’être idéalement of the University of Geneva, for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star. placé pour se pencher sur la nature de la matière noire. Il utilisera The pair made the discovery of “51 Pegasi b” Ultimate detector un élément noble, le xénon, sous sa forme liquide, pour détecter des in 1995 following continuous improvement Should dark-matter particles be discovered by one of the run- WIMP (soit des particules massives interagissant faiblement), et of cross-correlation spectrographs over a ning (XENON1T, DEAP-3600) or near-future (LZ, XENONnT) aura une sensibilité sans précédent de 2,5 × 10 –49 cm2 pour une masse period of 20 years. The prize citation says detectors, DARWIN would be able to reconstruct the mass and des WIMP de 40 GeV/c2. Cela permettra de tester le paradigme des that the team led by Mayor and Queloz, who scattering cross-section from the measured nuclear recoil spectra. WIMP jusque dans ses limites, ainsi que d’étudier d’autres questions is also at the University of Cambridge in the With an exposure of 200 tonnes × years, 152, 224 and 60 events fondamentales à propos des neutrinos et d’autres particules. Il est UK, contributed to the discovery of more than 250 additional exoplanets and sparked a would be observed for the three WIMP masses, respectively (fig- prévu que DARWIN, actuellement dans sa phase de conception et de revolution in the theory of planetary systems. Exoplanet pioneers Michel Mayor (left) and Didier Queloz. ure 2). DARWIN may therefore be the ultimate liquid-xenon dark- R&D, réalise ses premières campagnes pour la physique à partir de matter detector, capable of probing the WIMP paradigm and thus 2024. Le groupement DARWIN s’agrandit, et comprend actuellement A ppointments detect or exclude WIMPs with masses above 6 GeV/c2, down to the environ 150 scientifiques de 26 instituts, situés dans 11 pays. extremely low cross-sections of 1.5 × 10 –49 cm2. New LHCb spokesperson elected Should WIMPs not be observed in the DARWIN detector, the Laura Baudis, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Giovanni Passaleva of the Istituto Nazionale since 2000. His research interests include di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Firenze, Italy, has electroweak and flavour physics, as well as been appointed as the next spokesperson of solid-state and gaseous tracking detectors, the LHCb experiment, taking over from Guy while his detector responsibilities include Wilkinson. Passaleva, who will become the project leader of the LHCb muon system. new spokesperson in July, completed his PhD on the L3 experiment at LEP in 1995 and has Giovanni Passaleva, currently co-ordinator been a member of the LHCb collaboration for the LHCb upgrade.

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CCMar17_DARWIN.indd 38 01/02/2017 16:21 CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 39 01/02/2017 16:25 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 7 N u m b e r 2 M a r c h 2 0 1 7 CERN Courier March 2017 CERN Courier March 2017 Faces & Places Faces & Places

e e n s s s C o n f e r e n C e s Bee/CERN Boris onson seretar o state or orein Bernard Bigot, director-general of the D seas on and oonealt aairs nited indo ITER Organisation, which is responsible for DUNE collaboration meeting

o reat Britain and Nortern Ireland isited M Brice/CERN the international fusion experiment under oen science CERN on 13 anuar durin i e too in te construction in France, visited CERN on comes to CERN

ATLA ontrol roo and te LC tunnel. 16 January. Bigot, who has a PhD in chemistry M Brice/CERN On 20 January, CERN Director-eneral and has held several senior scientific roles in Fabiola ianotti took part in a panel the French government, toured both CMS and ATLAS in addition to the LHC tunnel. Here he is

discussion at the 201 orld Economic Fr/C Ecic rl McCricar Forum in Davos, at which delegates pictured signing the guestbook with Frédérick addressed the top issues on the global Bordry, CERN’s director for accelerators science agenda. ianotti reinforced the and technology. importance of fundamental research in driving technology and as a force for peaceful collaboration, and emphasised the need for open science. “Scientists have made good progress over the last years to engage the public, but we have to do more to reach out to people at all levels using DUNE collaborators at CERN in January. the tools we have,” she said. “nowledge belongs to mankind, it does not belong to abiola ianotti seain at te orl On 23–26 January, more than 230 members collaborating institutions located outside the the scientists.” Econoic oru in Daos. of the international Deep Underground US. In September 2016, the US Department Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) collaboration of Energy approved the excavation of the first n n e r s r met at CERN to discuss the project’s status caverns for DUNE, with preparatory work and plans. A main focus of the meeting was expected to begin at SURF this summer. A Celebrating ears o neutron to coordinate the assembly of prototype small, 3 × 1 × 1 m3 dual-phase demonstrator modules for the vast DUNE detector, which module constructed at CERN is also ready are being constructed in a new facility on for filling and operation. science at the CERN site (see p18). One of the highlights of the CERN DUNE will comprise four detector meeting was a tour of the construction site M Brice/CERN modules with a total of 68,000 tonnes of for the large protoDUNE detectors. The liquid argon to detect neutrinos and look vessel for the cryostat of the 6 × 6 × 6 m3 for rare subatomic phenomena such as single-phase liquid-argon prototype module proton decay. It will be situated 1.5 km is almost complete, and the construction underground at Sanford Underground of an identical cryostat for a dual-phase

M Brice/CERN Research Facility (SURF) in South Dakota, detector will start soon. Preparing for the US. The experiment will be the target for installation of liquid-argon time-projection- intense beams of neutrinos and antineutrinos chamber (TPC) detector components, produced by a new facility to be built at which will start this summer, was one of the Fermilab 1300 km away, and will address main focuses of the meeting. Both single- specific puzzles such as the neutrino and dual-phase protoDUNE detectors are mass hierarchy and CP violation in the scheduled to be operational and take data neutrino sector. with the tertiary charged-particle beam from CERN is playing a significant role in the Super Proton Synchrotron in 2018. the DUNE programme via its recently The DUNE collaboration is also starting established neutrino platform (CERN to prepare a Technical Design Report (TDR) Courier July/August 2016 p21). A for the large underground detectors at SURF, collaboration agreement was signed between and is working on the conceptual design for CERN and the US in December 2015, in the DUNE near detector that will be placed which CERN committed to the construction about 55 m underground at the Fermilab site of prototype DUNE detectors and the to measure neutrino interactions close to the On 19 January, the Institut Laue-Langevin member. Today, the institute has 10 scientifi c delivery of one cryostat for the experiment in source before the neutrinos start to oscillate. (ILL) in renoble marked 50 years of members Spain, Switerland, Austria, Italy, the US. Two large “protoDUNE” detectors Discussions about the responsibilities providing beams of neutrons for scientifi c the Cech Republic, Sweden, Belgium, Chief scientist of Quebec in Canada, Rémi are now taking shape in a new building in the for building the vast number of detector users across a range of disciplines. The Slovakia, Denmark and Poland. olloin te oral asension o India as Quirion, visited CERN on 22 January, north area of the CERN site. components for the DUNE far detectors ILL was founded by the governments of Research at the ILL covers fundamental an assoiate Meber tate o CERN Indian during which he toured the LHC tunnel and DUNE aims to be for the neutrino what the have begun, and additional scientists France and ermany in 196 with the aim physics to materials science and biology. The abassador mandee ing ill isited experiments. Quirion received a PhD in LHC is for the Higgs boson, and enormous and institutions are welcome to join the of creating an intense, continuous source facility, which has an annual budget of around CERN on 16 anuar. ere e is pitured it pharmacology from Université de Sherbrooke in progress has been made in the past two years. collaboration. The goal is to finish the of neutrons devoted exclusively to civil 100 million and almost 2000 user visits CERN Diretor-eneral abiola ianotti oldin 1980 and was previously a professor at McGill Formed in early 2015, the collaboration TDR for review in 2019 and to begin the fundamental research. Its fi rst neutron beams per year, has played a role in 21,000 scientifi c te sined douents tat ill enable reater University and scientific director of the Douglas now comprises 945 scientists and engineers construction of the far-detector components were produced in 191, and two years later publications so far during its lifetime and is ollaboration beteen India and CERN. Hospital Research Centre. from 161 institutions in 30 nations and in 2021, with the first detector modules at the U joined as the ILL’s third associate expected to operate well into the 2020s. is still growing, with about 60% of the SURF operational in 2024.

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o reat Britain and Nortern Ireland isited M Brice/CERN the international fusion experiment under oen science CERN on 13 anuar durin i e too in te construction in France, visited CERN on comes to CERN

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CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 40 01/02/2017 16:25 CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 41 01/02/2017 16:25 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 7 N u m b e r 2 M a r c h 2 0 1 7 CERN Courier March 2017 CERN Courier March 2017 Faces & Places Faces & Places A Gutierrez & S Torres A Gutierrez interest) are one of the main uncertainties when interpreting direct searches. Old Daresbury accelerator workshop focuses on tensions in the values of these quantities persist, as seen in the mild discrepancy electron–positron factories between the results of lattice QCD and those obtained using effective field theory or dispersive methods from experimental optics. Upcoming colliders like data. Recent developments in effective field SuperKEKB and the upgraded VEPP-2000 theories now enable the subsequent bounds collider will test the limits of these new from the direct searches to be interpreted schemes. In parallel, much progress is in the context of dark-matter searches at Cockcroft Institute being made in the design and operation of ATLAS and CMS. storage-ring light sources, which exhibit Finally, HC2NP addressed the proton Four hot topics relating to searches for BSM physics were discussed at HC2NP2016. numerous topics of common interest with charge radius puzzle – the five-standard- the collider world. There is also a powerful deviation discrepancy between the value do not provide the required accuracy. Recent experiment on the ground-state hyperfine synergy between a future large circular measured for muonic versus normal chiral perturbation theory calculations splitting of muonic hydrogen, we require a high-energy lepton collider such as CEPC hydrogen (CERN Courier October 2016 p7). of proton polarisability effects in muonic factor 10 improvement in our understanding or FCC-ee and a subsequent hadron collider Results from electron–proton scattering hydrogen show that this effect is relatively of proton-structure effects. installed in the same tunnel, called SPPC have become controversial because different small, and new experiments on muonic Given the success of the meeting, a new and FCC-hh, respectively. values of the radius are extracted from deuterium and helium show that the same edition of HC2NP covering a selection Participants of eeFACT2016 on the Daresbury campus. The projected performance of the future different fits to the same data, while lattice discrepancy exists for the deuterium but not of timely subtopics will be organised in factories is further lifted by dramatic calculations of the proton charge radius so far the helium. With PSI due to perform a new Tenerife during 2018. From 24 to 27 October 2016, accelerator other future projects, a super-charm-tau progress in accelerator technology such experts from around the world gathered factory is being developed in Russia, as superconducting radiofrequency (RF) in Daresbury, UK, to discuss the status, while two ambitious high-energy circular systems, the efficiency of which have been Quark confinement and the hadron spectrum challenges and future of circular Higgs-Z-W (and top) factories are being revolutionised by novel production schemes

high-luminosity electron-positron factories. designed: the Circular Electron Positron such as nitrogen doping and thin-film Nb3Sn N Gulitskiy Organised under ICFA and co-sponsored Collider (CEPC) in China and the coating. Several novel klystron concepts Some 400 theorists and experimentalists by the EuCARD-2 accelerator network, electron-positron version of the Future are on track to boost the power-conversion convened in Thessaloniki, Greece, from the “eeFACT2016” workshop attracted Circular Collider (FCC) at CERN. efficiency of RF power generators, which 29 August to 3 September 2016 for the 75 participants from China, France, Despite 50 years of experience and will make the next generation of colliders 12th Quark Confinement and the Hadron Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Switzerland, development of the e+e– landscape, in the truly green facilities. With the performance Spectrum conference. Initiated in 1994, the UK and the US. past couple of years several game-changing of future factories being pushed so hard, the series has become one of the most Circular colliders have been a frontier schemes have been introduced, such subtleties that were unimportant in the past important and well attended forums in technology of particle physics for half a as colliding beams with a crab waist, now arise – in particular concerning beam– strong-interaction physics. The event century, providing more than a factor 10 large Piwinski angle and extremely low beam effects. (which this year included 40 plenary increase in luminosity every 10 years. emittance. The crab-waist concept has Large future collider concepts such talks, 267 parallel talks and 33 posters) is Several lower-energy factories are in already demonstrated its great merits at as FCC-ee and CEPC build on recent organised in eight parallel sections: vacuum operation: BEPC-II at IHEP Beijing, DAFNE. Other novel concepts include: innovations and would greatly advance structure and confinement; emergent gauge DAFNE at INFN Frascati and VEPP-2000 the use of a double ring or partial double progress in fundamental physics at the fields and chiral fermions; light quarks; at BINP Novosibirsk. The SuperKEKB ring; magnet tapering; top-up injection; precision frontier. At the same time new ideas heavy quarks; deconfinement; QCD and facility currently under commission in cost-effective two-in-one magnets; for compact low-energy crab-waist colliders new physics; nuclear and astroparticle Japan (CERN Courier September p32) will ultra-low beta function; “virtual crab are emerging, which might offer attractive physics; and strongly coupled theories. Delegates at this year’s Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum conference. mark the next step up in luminosity. Among waist”; and asymmetric interaction-region alternative paths for research and science. Two additional parallel sessions devoted to statistical methods and instrumentation were to uncertainties on the merger time, wave be described by standard QCD effects. also included this year. amplitude, peak frequency and radiated The status of heavy-flavour production Hadronic contributions to new-physics searches The event brought together physicists energy. Fortunately, there are other ways from protons to ions was presented and the working on approaches ranging from lattice of exploring the QCD EOS at high density, quarkonium production mechanism was field theory to higher-order perturbative and such as upcoming experiments at the emphasised, including the production of The first international workshop on precise tests of the SM, and theory currently Anomalies in weak flavour transitions resummation methods; from phenomenology new FAIR facility in Germany, RHIC in charmonium-like exotics. Hadronic Contributions to New Physics stands at 3.3 standard deviations from the in hadrons are a hot topic, especially the to experiments; from the mechanisms of the US and NICA in Russia, which also A number of talks were dedicated to Searches (HC2NP 2016) was held on experimental measurements. Updates on B-meson decay anomalies measured confinement to deconfinement in heavy-ion complement studies of the low-density physics on the scale of the nucleon rather 25–30 September 2016 in Tenerife, the new measurements starting in 2017 at at LHCb and the tantalising hints of physics; and from effective field theories of regime of the EOS with heavy-ion collisions than the nucleus, including new approaches Spain, inaugurating a new series aimed at Fermilab and J-PARC were presented, with lepton-universality violation in the so-called QCD to physics beyond the Standard Model. at the LHC. to the parton distributions in the proton hadronic effects that interfere in beyond- prospects to reduce the current experimental RK and RD* ratios. These signals should Only a brief summary of the wealth of results Several talks placed an emphasis on from lattice QCD, field theories and global the-Standard-Model (SM) searches. A uncertainties by a factor of four within the be validated by other B-decay modes, presented can be mentioned here. anomalies with respect to the Standard analyses, incorporating results from JLab multidisciplinary group of 50 physicists next few years. Several ways to improve the which requires new lattice calculations of Of particular interest was a talk exploring Model. The chiral anomaly in the and the LHC. The status of the proton radius attended the event to review four timely theoretical uncertainty, especially on the form factors. Since new physics might not the connections between gravitational-wave background magnetic field of heavy-ion puzzle also generated lively discussions. topics: muon g-2, flavour anomalies, hadronic side, were discussed – including constrain itself to one flavour sector, decays results from LIGO and hadron physics: collisions, for example, has also been The conference was followed by a satellite sigma-terms in dark-matter searches, and the new lattice-QCD calculations of the vacuum of other mesons such as pions, kaons and the gravitational-wave signature for observed in condensed-matter physics workshop on new accelerator-based facilities proton radius puzzle. polarization contribution – and prospects for baryons are also being scrutinized. neutron-star mergers depends strongly in “Dirac semimetals”. Other talks that will provide precision measurements The anomalous magnetic moment of new experimental measurements at BESIII Regarding dark matter, the sigma terms on the QCD equation of state (EOS) and addressed flavour anomalies and whether of confinement and deconfinement physics, the muon (g-2) provides one of the most were also reviewed. (nucleon form factors of fundamental different assumptions about the EOS lead they could be a signal of new physics or demonstrating the health of the field.

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CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 42 01/02/2017 16:25 CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 43 01/02/2017 16:26 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 7 N u m b e r 2 M a r c h 2 0 1 7 CERN Courier March 2017 CERN Courier March 2017 Faces & Places Faces & Places A Gutierrez & S Torres A Gutierrez interest) are one of the main uncertainties when interpreting direct searches. Old Daresbury accelerator workshop focuses on tensions in the values of these quantities persist, as seen in the mild discrepancy electron–positron factories between the results of lattice QCD and those obtained using effective field theory or dispersive methods from experimental optics. Upcoming colliders like data. Recent developments in effective field SuperKEKB and the upgraded VEPP-2000 theories now enable the subsequent bounds collider will test the limits of these new from the direct searches to be interpreted schemes. In parallel, much progress is in the context of dark-matter searches at Cockcroft Institute being made in the design and operation of ATLAS and CMS. storage-ring light sources, which exhibit Finally, HC2NP addressed the proton Four hot topics relating to searches for BSM physics were discussed at HC2NP2016. numerous topics of common interest with charge radius puzzle – the five-standard- the collider world. There is also a powerful deviation discrepancy between the value do not provide the required accuracy. Recent experiment on the ground-state hyperfine synergy between a future large circular measured for muonic versus normal chiral perturbation theory calculations splitting of muonic hydrogen, we require a high-energy lepton collider such as CEPC hydrogen (CERN Courier October 2016 p7). of proton polarisability effects in muonic factor 10 improvement in our understanding or FCC-ee and a subsequent hadron collider Results from electron–proton scattering hydrogen show that this effect is relatively of proton-structure effects. installed in the same tunnel, called SPPC have become controversial because different small, and new experiments on muonic Given the success of the meeting, a new and FCC-hh, respectively. values of the radius are extracted from deuterium and helium show that the same edition of HC2NP covering a selection Participants of eeFACT2016 on the Daresbury campus. The projected performance of the future different fits to the same data, while lattice discrepancy exists for the deuterium but not of timely subtopics will be organised in factories is further lifted by dramatic calculations of the proton charge radius so far the helium. With PSI due to perform a new Tenerife during 2018. From 24 to 27 October 2016, accelerator other future projects, a super-charm-tau progress in accelerator technology such experts from around the world gathered factory is being developed in Russia, as superconducting radiofrequency (RF) in Daresbury, UK, to discuss the status, while two ambitious high-energy circular systems, the efficiency of which have been Quark confinement and the hadron spectrum challenges and future of circular Higgs-Z-W (and top) factories are being revolutionised by novel production schemes

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O b i t u a r i e s invasion of Afghanistan, Drell exchanged chromodynamics. While at SLAC, he and and the National Intelligence Distinguished letters with him and called on Soviet leader research associate Tung-Mow Yan formulated Service Medal. Drell was one of 10 scientists Mikhail Gorbachev for his release. He also the famous Drell–Yan Process, which has honoured as the founders of satellite Thomas Dombeck 1945–2016 organised a petition to allow another Soviet become an invaluable tool in particle physics. reconnaissance as a space discipline by the physicist and dissident, Nohim Meiman, to His theoretical work was critical in setting US National Reconnaissance Office. He was emigrate to Israel, and obtained the signatures SLAC on the course that it took. As head of elected to the National Academy of Sciences, Tom Dombeck, an innovative and versatile development of ultra-cold neutrons by of 118 members of the US National Academy the SLAC theory group, Drell brought in a the American Academy of Arts and Sciences physicist and project manager, passed away Doppler shifting at pulsed sources. He of Sciences. host of younger theoretical physicists who and the American Philosophical Society, in Kāneʻohe, Hawaii, on 4 November 2016. proposed a new method for a neutron EDM Having graduated with a bachelor’s degree began creating the current picture of the and was president of the American Physical His legacy includes many measurements measurement that involved Bragg scattering from Princeton University in 1946, Drell structure of matter. He played an important Society in 1986. in particle physics, the development of new polarised neutrons from a silicon crystal and earned a master’s degree in 1947 and a PhD role in developing the justification for Drell was also an accomplished violinist techniques for the production of ultra-cold led an initial effort at the Missouri University in physics in 1949 from the University of experiments and turning the results into who played chamber music throughout neutrons and substantial contributions Research Reactor, after which he initiated Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He began at what became the foundation of the Standard his life. to the management of several major an experiment using the reactor at the NIST Stanford in 1950 as an instructor in physics, Model of particle physics. He is survived by his wife, Harriet, and scientific projects. Center for Neutron Research. leaving to work as a researcher and assistant For his research and lifetime of service to his children, Daniel, Virginia, Persis and Tom received a BA in physics from While at LANL, Tom led a neutrino- professor at the Massachusetts Institute of his country, Drell received many prestigious Joanna. Persis Drell, a former director of Columbia University in 1967 and a PhD oscillation search that involved constructing Technology and then returning to Stanford in awards, including: the National Medal SLAC who is also a physicist at Stanford and in particle physics from Northwestern a new beamline and neutrino source at 1956 as a professor of physics. He served as of Science; the Enrico Fermi Award; a dean of the School of Engineering, will be University in 1972, and his career saw LAMPF and provided improved limits deputy director of SLAC from 1969 until his fellowship from the MacArthur Foundation; the university’s next provost. him hold prominent roles at numerous Tom Dombeck served as project manager for on muon-neutrino to electron-neutrino retirement from the lab in 1998. the Heinz Award for contributions in ● Based, with permission, on the obituary institutes. He was a research associate at numerous activities including the SSC. oscillations. He carried these fundamental Drell’s research was in the fields of public policy; the Rumford Medal from the published on the Stanford University website Imperial College London from 1972 to physics interests and abilities to his later quantum electrodynamics and quantum American Academy of Arts and Sciences; on 22 December 2016. 1974 and visiting scientist at Dubna in division at Fermilab from 1997 to 1999, work as a highly effective scientific the former USSR in 1975. Following six and project manager for the Next Linear programme manager. years at the University of Maryland, from Collider project at Fermilab between 2000 Tom was able to see the connections 1981 to 1988 Tom held various roles at Los and 2002. From 2003 to 2006 he was project between disparate scientific areas and bring M G K Menon 1928–2016 Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) manager for the Pan-STARRS telescope at together new ideas and approaches that after which he spent a year working in the the University of Hawaii and an affiliated moved the field forwards. He could inspire US Department of Energy in the office of graduate faculty member there until 2016. people around him with his enthusiasm and Mambillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon, a These initial studies eventually led to the Superconducting Supercollider (SSC). Tom began his scientific research with kindness, and his wry sense of humour and pioneer in particle physics and a distinguished highly successful collaborations between Afterwards he became a staff physicist bubble chambers and was a key participant wicked smile were trademarks that will long statesman of science, passed away peacefully Indian researchers and the L3 experiment and ultimately deputy project manager for in the experiment that observed the first be remembered by his friends and colleagues. on 22 November at his home in New Delhi, ISRO-archives at LEP, and the CMS, ALICE and ATLAS operations at the SSC laboratory in Texas, neutrino interaction in a hydrogen filled Tom was a devoted family man and is missed India. He graduated with a bachelor of science experiments at the LHC. where he led the successful “string test”. In bubble chamber in 1970 at the ZGS at greatly by his wife Bonnie, his two children, from Jaswant College, Jodhpur, in 1946, and Menon won several awards including 1994 he moved to a role as project manager Argonne National Laboratory. Daniel and Heidi, and his four grandchildren. inspired by Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, the Cecil F Powell and C V Raman medals, for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at the For many years he pursued measurements ● Art McDonald, Michael Peters, studied under the tutelage of spectroscopist and was elected to the three scientific University of Chicago. of the electric dipole moment (EDM) of Tom Bowles, Sam Werner, Thomas Wangler, Nanasaheb R Tawde before joining Cecil academies in India. He was elected as a Tom was deputy head for the technical the neutron and was also involved in the Don Koetke and Nick Kaiser. Powell’s group at the University of Bristol, fellow of the Royal Society in 1970, and UK, in 1949. subsequently to the Pontifical Academy Menon’s first important contribution of Sciences, American Academy of Arts was to establish the bosonic character and Sciences, the Russian Academy of Sidney Drell 1926–2016 of the pion through a study of fragments M G K Menon, a driver of Indian science. Sciences and as an honorary fellow of the emerging from π-capture by light nuclei. Institute of Physics and the Institution of He then focused his attention on the additional demands on his time, his focus Electrical & Electronics Engineers. He Sidney David Drell, professor emeritus Sidney Drell, physicist and humanitarian in emerging field of K-meson physics. Along on particle physics never wavered. He also served two terms as president of the of theoretical physics at SLAC National equal measure. with his colleagues at Bristol, notably continued with his research, establishing a International Council of Scientific Unions, Accelerator Laboratory, senior fellow at Peter Fowler, Cecil Powell and Cormac collaboration with Arnold W Wolfendale at and stimulated its participation in policy Stanford’s Hoover Institution and a giant in advise the government on national security O’Ceallaigh, Menon discovered K+ → π+ π0 the University of Durham, UK, and Saburo issues, including climate change. Menon held the worlds of both academia and policy, died and defence issues, and from 1992 to 2001 and K+ → π+ π– π+ events in nuclear emulsion Miyake of Osaka City University, Japan, for a firm conviction that science can bring about on 21 December 2016 at his home in Palo he was a member of the President’s Foreign indicating parity non-conservation, the study of particle physics with detectors technological development and societal Alto, California. He was 90 years old. Intelligence Advisory Board. He was also (the τ – θ puzzle). He also identified a deployed deep underground; he detected progress, which motivated him to work with Drell made immense contributions to his the co-founder of the Center for International sizeable collection of events showing events induced by cosmic-ray neutrino Abdus Salam in founding the Third World

field, including uncovering a process that SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Security and Cooperation at Stanford, and the associated production of kaons and interactions; and he also launched a Academy of Sciences. He held several high bears his name and working on national in 2006 he and former Secretary of State hyperons. In 1955 Menon joined the Tata dedicated effort to test the early predictions positions in the Indian government, and thus and international security. His legacy as a George Shultz began a programme at the Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), of violation of baryon-number conservation contributed to the growth of science and humanitarian includes his friendship and Hoover Institution dedicated to developing where he worked on cosmic-ray research leading to proton decay. technology in India. support of Soviet physicist and dissident practical steps towards ridding the world of programmes initiated by Homi Bhabha. During his Bristol years, Menon Alongside his scientific achievements, Andrei Sakharov, who won the Nobel Drell’s commitment to arms control nuclear weapons. Following Bhabha’s death in an air crash established a close friendship with William M G K Menon was also very close to his wife Peace Prize in 1975 for his opposition of spanned more than 50 years. He served on In 1974, Drell met Sakharov at a conference over Mont Blanc in 1966, the responsibility O Lock, who had moved to CERN in 1959. Indumati and their two children Preeti and the abuse of power in the Soviet Union. numerous panels advising US Congress, hosted by the Soviet Academy of Sciences and of the directorship of TIFR fell squarely on This facilitated collaboration between TIFR Anant Kumar. Our warmest thoughts go out Drell was also known for his welcoming the intelligence community and military. they quickly became friends. When Sakharov his shoulders, along with the wide-ranging and CERN, leading to the development of to them and to innumerable others whose nature and genuine, albeit perhaps He was an original member of JASON, was internally exiled to Gorky from 1980 initiatives for national development that bubble-chamber techniques to study mesons lives he touched in so many important ways. unwarranted, humility. a group of academic scientists created to to 1986 following his criticism of the Soviet Bhabha had started. Notwithstanding these produced in proton–antiproton collisions. ● Ramanath Cowsik.

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CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 44 01/02/2017 16:26 CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 45 01/02/2017 16:26 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 7 N u m b e r 2 M a r c h 2 0 1 7 CERN Courier March 2017 CERN Courier March 2017 Faces & Places Recruitment Helmut Oeschler, an active member of the Helmut F o r advertising e n q u i r i e s , c o n ta c t CERN C o u R i E R recruitment / c l a s s i F i e d, ioP P u b l i s h i n g , te m P l e c i r c u s , te m P l e Way, b r i s t o l bs1 6hg, uK.

ALICE collaboration, passed away from J Stroth Oeschler te l +44 (0)117 930 1264 Fa x +44 (0)117 930 1178 e- m a i l s a l e s @ cerncourier . c o m Helmut heart failure on 3 January while working was a P l e a s e c o n ta c t u s F o r inFormation a b o u t r at e s , c o l o u r o P t i o n s , Publication d at e s a n d d e a d l i n e s . at his desk. Born in Southern Germany, member of he received his PhD from the University ALICE. Oeschler of Heidelberg in 1972 and held postdoc positions at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen, and in Strasbourg, Saclay 1945–2017 and Orsay in France. From 1981 he was at the Institute for Nuclear Physics of

TU Darmstadt. He held a Doctorate Honoris Causa from Dubna University, Russia, and in 2006 he received the PT2026 NMR Precision Teslameter Gay-Lussac-Humboldt prize. Oeschler’s physics interests concerned the dynamics of nuclear reactions over a Reach new heights broad energy range, from the Coulomb barrier to ultra-relativistic collisions. He was a driving force for building the kaon in magnetic eld spectrometer at the GSI in Darmstadt, which made it possible to measure strange measurement particles in collisions of heavy nuclei. From the late 1990s he was actively involved in addressing new aspects of equilibration in The Metrolab PT2026 sets a new relativistic nuclear reactions. Imagine taking part in the largest scientific experiment in the standard for precision magnetometers. Oeschler became a member of the world. CERN needs more than physicists, engineers and ALICE collaboration at CERN in 2000 Leveraging 30 years of expertise building technicians; if you are a student or a graduate just starting your and made important contributions to the career, or are an experienced professional - whatever your field the world’s gold standard magnetometers, construction of the experiment. Together it takes magnetic eld measurement to with his students, he was involved in of expertise, CERN could be your next opportunity. new heights: measuring higher elds with developing track reconstruction software for measuring the production of charged better resolution. particles in lead–lead collisions at the LHC. He also led the analysis efforts for the The PT2026 offers unprecedented exibility measurements of identified charged hadrons in the LHC’s first proton–proton collisions. in the choice of parameters, interfacing From 2010 to 2014 he led the ALICE and probe placement, as well as greatly editorial board, overseeing the publication improved tolerance of inhomogeneous of key results relating to quark-gluon matter at the highest energy densities. His elds. And with Ethernet & USB interfaces deep involvement in the data analysis and and LabVIEW software, it ts perfectly into interpretation continued unabated and he National Institute for Theoretical Physics modern laboratory environments. made important contributions to several research topics. Advising and working in Stellenbosch Node

www.agence-arca.com - Photo: Scott Maxwell, Master le - Photo: Scott Maxwell, Master www.agence-arca.com close collaboration with students was a Postdoctoral Fellow in Condensed Matter/Statistical Physics much loved component of Helmut’s activity (Two-year contract) and was highly appreciated among the ALICE collaboration. Helmut Oeschler was a frequent visitor of The Stellenbosch node of the South African National Institute for Theoretical Physics until the fellowship has been awarded. South Africa and served there on numerous (NITheP) has a postdoctoral vacancy in the fields of Condensed Matter and Statis- Value of fellowship: The value of the fellowship will be commensurate with international advisory committees. He was tical Physics. The fellowship can be associated with any of the research groups and experience and research profile. instrumental in helping the South African topics at that node. Enquiries: Prof Frederik Scholtz on +27 21 808 3871 or at [email protected]. community develop the physics of heavy-ion The appointment will be made within the structure of Stellenbosch University on a Applications: Applications must include a cover letter, complete CV, publica- collisions and collaboration with CERN. two-year contract basis, with the possibility of renewal for one additional year. tion list, description of present and future research interests, copies of relevant With Helmut Oeschler we have lost qualifications, as well as names and addresses/e-mails of at least 2 referees. an internationally renowned scientist Duties: Maintaining a vigorous research programme in Condensed Matter/ All documents must be submitted as a single PDF file to Mrs René Kotzé at and particular friend and colleague. His Statistical Physics. [email protected]. Pantone 286 Pantone 032 Requirements Webpage scientific contributions, especially on : A doctorate of high standing in a field relevant to the research : http://www.nithep.ac.za activities at the NITheP Stellenbosch node. A developing research record and the production of strange particles in demonstrated research potential. PhD must have been obtained within the high-energy collisions, are important past five years. *NITheP reserves the right not to make an appointment and to continue searching Magnetic precision has a name www.metrolab.com achievements. Commencement of duties: 1 June 2017 or as soon as possible thereafter. after the closing date. Only short-listed candidates will be contacted. Candidates not ● His friends and colleagues. Closing date: Review of applications will begin on 1 March 2017 and continue contacted by 1 April 2017 can assume that their applications were unsuccessful.

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CCMar17_Faces&Places.indd 46 01/02/2017 16:26 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 7 N u m b e r 2 M a r c h 2 0 1 7