Before : Cities of Ancient MW 10-11am, Peabody Museum 59D

24. The Neo-Assyrian Empire 2nd Written Assignment

In 800-1000 words, discuss the role of the king, and the royal household generally, in the creation and maintenance of cities of the 2nd and early 1st millennia BC.

Due by email, Mon April 20, 5 pm Assyrian Empire

1400-1200 BC Middle Assyrian Period Emergence of as a territorial state and its expansion into

1200- 900 BC Recession in the Early Iron age following the Late collapse in the Eastern Mediterranean

900-745 BC Neo-Assyrian Empire Flourishing of Assyria as an empire and massive expansion of its frontiers

745-612 BC Neo-Assyrian Empire Final phase of the expansion of the empire while a socio-economic recession builds up. Near Eastern Iron Ages II: The Neo-Assyrian Empire

Middle Assyrian period in Assyria: End of the Bronze Age Aššur (modern Qalat Sherqat): The Building complexes and urban structure; Urban history of the city from Old Assyrian to the Late Assyrian periods;

Important Middle Assyrian kings: Adad-Nirari I (1307-1275 BC) Shalmaneser I (1274-1245 BC) Tukulti- I (1244-1208 BC)

Kar Tukulti-Ninurta (modern Tulul ul Aqar), new foundation of the Middle Assyrian king Tukulti- Ninurta I (1244-1208 BC), new administrative and monumental cult center. Early Iron Age in Assyria: A general post-collapse recession with exceptions

Tiglath-pileser I (1114-1076 BC) campaigns to the North and building activity in .

Establishment of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (900-745 BC)

Assurnasirpal II (883-859 BC) and his new capital, Kalhu (modern ). The Banquet and the celebration of the new foundation. The sculptural program of the Northwest Palace at Nimrud/Kalhu

King Shalmaneser III (858-824 BC) and his ekal mašarti (review palace) at Kalhu (Nimrud). Bronze gates at the site of Imgur- (modern ).

Map of southeastern showing the geopolitical situation and the location of the and Garzan River Valleys = Assyrian Heartland = Provinces = Vassal States = Buffer Zones = Transport Corridor Capitals of the Neo-Assyrian Empire Erbil in 1951 Comparative Mesopotamian cities

1. Aššur 2. Šubat Enlil ( Leilan) 3. Kar-Tukulti-Ninurta 4. Mari (Tell Hariri) 5. 6. Kalhu (Tell Nimrud) 7. Dur-Sharrukin 8. Erbil 9. 10. Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BC) Nimrud (ancient Kalkhu, Biblical Calah) QuickBird 9 Sept 2002

QuickBird 9 September 2002 CORONA Mission 1039 28 February 1967 Kalhu (Nimrud) and Assurnasirpal II’s Patt-Hegalli (“canal of abundance”). CORONA Water for Nimrud Photograph of Negub Tunnel ConformingLocal Nimrud and the Irrigationto Patti-hegalli Topography “canal of abundance” in 1843 Layard

Layard in 1885

Reconstruction of Nimrud published by Layard Kalhu (Nimrud) citadel plan, excavated areas Main approach

Throne room B Bitanu court

Babanu court (Court D)

Nimrud/Kalhu Citadel, North-West Palace plan Main approach

Throne Bitanu room B court Babanu court

Nimrud/Kalhu Citadel, North-West Palace plan

Construction of the Assyrian palace as a celebration, a festival

“Banquet stele” of Assurnasirpal II “Banquet Stele” of Assurnasirpal II

Narrative reliefs from the Throne Room B of Ashurnasirpal II’s Northwest Palace Ashurnasirpal’s Throne Room at Nimrud

Ekal mašarti (“Review palace”) of Shalmaneser III (858-824 BC) (“Fort Shalmaneser”) Ekal mašarti: a state assemblage “, son of . I received from him…”

Black of Shalmaneser III Balawat (Imgur-Enlil)

Royal tombs in the Northwest Palace:

Yaba, Queen of Tiglath-pileser III, king of Assyria 744-727 Banitu, Queen of , king of Assyria 726-722 Atalia, Queen of Sargon II, king of Assyria 721-705 Main approach

Throne room B Bitanu court

Babanu court (Court D)

Nimrud/Kalhu Citadel, North-West Palace plan