DOCSLIB.ORG

Introduction to Space Missions

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Introduction to Space Missions Introduction to Space Missions INTRODUCTION TO SPACE MISSIONS Space Missions Types of missions: some examples Which orbit for which mission? Launchers Frequencies: fuel for communications mission Space environment Ground segment Actors in the Space System value chain Conclusion INTRODUCTION TO SPACE MISSIONS Space Mission: why do we send satellites to Space, why do we go to Space? Space Missions: what are the motivations? Overview of Space Missions Some important steps in the Space development history From Sputnik to large telecommunications satellites Korea and Space What are the elements of a Space Mission? Space Mission: why do we send satellites to Space, why do we go to Space? It is risky, costly, long to develop, with limited life duration, • But Man has always wanted to go beyond the known frontier, and Space offers unique features: • Escape from Earth to discover new worlds exploration • Global Earth view observation and telecommunication • Absence of gravity research • Ability to go round the Earth in approximately one hour observation, global communication Space Missions: what are the motivations? Instrument of Public Policy: • National Sovereignty: independence from other countries for communication and observation • Defense and Security: secured communications, monitoring of treaties • Environment policy: resource management, pollution control, climate monitoring • Research and Exploration: national prestige, inspiration for youth, education • Government services: e-government, mapping Economic development and commercial use of Space: • Services for all: tele-medecine, e-education, development aid • Meteo, exploitation of resources • Telecommunications (TV, telephone, VSAT, internet) • Navigation • Space tourism Overview of Space Missions Earth Observation: Navigation • Optical Imaging • Positioning • Radar imaging • Mobility planning • Meteorology Services Science missions: • Refuelling • Earth science • Repair in orbit • Solar System Others • Deep Space exploration • Early Warning • Man in Space • SIGINT, ELINT Telecommunications • M2M/IoT • Broadcast • AIS • Mobile • Tourism • Broadband (internet) • Secure Communications Some important steps in the Space development history • 1957: launch of Sputnik, first artificial satellite • 1960’s: Man in Space, Man on the Moon. Start of telecom and observation missions, scientific observation • 1970’s-1980’s: Russian Space Station (Mir), Space Shuttle, scientific exploration • 1990’s: International Space Station, constellations for navigation (GPS and GLONASS), telephony (Iridium and Globalstar) • Around 2000’s: development of telecom missions, privatisation of Telecom operators, creation of regional operators, numerous Earth observation systems, manned flights, exploration and science • 2010 ’s: emergence of « New Space », new actors, such as OneWeb, SpaceX, Blue Origin, new budget/financing • December 2017:ArianeGroup starts the production of Ariane 6 • February 2018:lauch of Falcon Heavy From Sputnik to large telecommunications satellites 60 years between those two pictures! Korea and Space: Koreasat (Mugunghwa) 1 and 2 built by Martin Marietta and Matra Marconi Space, launched respectively in 1995 and 1996 Khalifasat for EIAST/MBRSC KOMPSAT6: Radar payload for Koreasat-1: international design team Korea What are the elements of a Space Mission? Space System design Satellite design is an optimisation process which involves many components, resources and constraints Environment Programmatics Launcher, vacuum, Budget, planning, radiations industrial cooperation Regulations Frequencies, Space Satellite design law Mission • Payload: antennas, repeater, Payload performances instrument Orbit, lifetime, … • Platform: mechanical, thermal, avionics, power, propulsion Infrastructure Ground segment, Control and Users What are the elements of a Space Mission? Types of missions Earth Observation LEO observation, Meteo Science and Exploration Columbus and Rosetta Telecommunications Broadcasting, Broadband, MSS, Secure Communications, IFC Navigation Services ATV, debris removal, servicing Other types of mission Early warning, SIGINT, ELINT M2M/IoT Space System architecture: Earth observation system Observing the Earth: Principles in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Sun Synchronous Orbit: • All Earth can be imaged, with stable sun/scene/satellite angle, from a “short” distance • Pass-by on scenes is NOT continuous… Optical imaging: mostly Push broom • No snapshot principle, but “combing” the surface in harvesting data. Radar missions: active sensing • Illumination of scene, capturing reflection Ideal balance : coverage vs resolution Pléiades 20 x 20 km Pléiades Pléiades : Very High Resolution over 20km swath SPOT 6 60 km swath SPOT 6 SPOT 6 : High Resolution over 60km swath Radar vs. Optical Mission and Satellite Key Features - System engineering Video (EO System, Orbit, Resolution) GOCI (07: 16 UTC 26 Jan. 2011) Earth observation: Meteo instrument The GOCI instrument, flying on the Korean COMS satellite is offering, since June 2010, unprecedented real time imaging of the water composition and aerosols data GOCI image: Sinmo volcano in Japan GOCI image: Yellow dust over the East China Sea before hitting Korea (Nov. 12, 2010) GOCI under testing GOCI image: Chlorophyll => Detection of biological weak variation Science and Exploration • Earth / sun science • Astronomy • Solar System exploration Juice Solar Obiter Gaia Rosetta Bepi Colombo Columbus: celebrating 10 years for the European laboratory Title Contents Rosetta: long voyage to comet encounter Rosetta programme Rosetta (total cost: 1100 M€) • ESA : project authority • CNES : responsible for the French part of the payload Philae (total cost: 250 M€) : • CNES : sub-system provider, provider of the Science Operations and Navigation Center Mission Better knowledge of the material of the primitive solar system and its formation Checking if : • Comets have provided an important part of Earth oceans water • Comets have provided compounds required for the birth of life on Earth (complex organic molecules) Rosetta: long voyage to comet encounter And a selfie from space! Telecommunications missions Broadcast and fixed services Mobile Broadband Secure communications Broadcasting satellites One way services Wide coverage – Hot Bird superbeam ARABSAT BADR-6 Broadcasting coverage Broadband: Example of Ka-Sat Eutelsat Tooway service • 100% European coverage for broadband User access • 20 Mbps (homes) • 50 Mbps (businesses) Ka-Sat satellite • Eurostar E3000 satellite providing bidirectional access in Ka-band • Four-colour scheme for efficient frequency re-use • 90 Gbps throughput satellite • In service since 2012 Couverture à quatre couleurs Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) • Inmarsat-4 cellular network at global scale with three multibeam geo • Alphasat satellites Secured communications • Global and steerable spot beams • Skynet 5 system coverage • Four satellites launched from 2007 to 2012 Secure Communications Secure Communications: « on the pause » Secure Communications: « on the move » A new market for telecom satellites: In-Flight Connectivity Provides connectivity via satellite to aircraft • Cockpit data • Entertainment for passenger The system must be capable to follow air routes distribution with high flexibility: • Daily basis • New routes Navigation systems GPS, Galileo, Beidou, Glonass, Gagan, and augmentation Systems (SBAS): WAAS, EGNOS Services: exemples of ATV, removedebris, servicing missions ATV (5 models have flown): • Supply the ISS with liquids, gas and cargo • Provides Delta-V to ISS for orbit raising • Performs avoidance maneuvers • Bring back ISS garbage and burn it • Video Servicer: • What type of services can we imagine for an in-orbit servicer? Removedebris mission: • Video Other type of missions: M2M/IoT (for connected objects), AIS Market projections: billions of connected objects in the next years LEO constellations for Communications Several constellations have been developed in LEO, to take advantage of low latency, easier access to space, smaller satellites MobileTelephony: interconnection at global level with handheld terminals • Iridium: 66 satellites at 780 km altitude, in operation since 2002, with a new generation (Iridium Next) being deployed • Globalstar: 48 satellites at 1400 km altitude, in operation since 2000, and a new generation of 24 since 2013 Messaging: Machine to Machine interconnection with low cost terminals • OrbComm: 35 satellites at 720 km altitude, in operation since 1995, and a new generation of 24 satellites since 2015 LEO constellations for Communications: Iridium Iridium: • 66 satellites at 780 km altitude (and not 77) • 1.5 kW, 860 kg LEO constellations for Communications: OneWeb OneWeb constellation • Fleet of LEO microsatellites to deliver Internet globally with low latency • Initial constellation: 648 satellites + spares = 900 satellites to be built, reduced to 600 • 150 kg satellites, 1,200-kilometer orbit • Very high production rate What are the elements of a Space Mission? Which orbit for which mission? Where to send the satellites: trajectories in Space Orbit parameters Different types of orbit Which orbit for which mission? The case of 2 special orbits 2 interesting points: the Lagrangian points L1 and L2 Where to send the satellites: trajectories in Space General case: one body is attracting the satellite This is the general case for Earth orbits The ideal satellite trajectory is defined by theory The real trajectory takes into accounts several disturbing elements: • Earth is not
Load more

Recommended publications
  • L AUNCH SYSTEMS Databk7 Collected.Book Page 18 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM Databk7 Collected.Book Page 19 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM
    databk7_collected.book Page 17 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM CHAPTER TWO L AUNCH SYSTEMS databk7_collected.book Page 18 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM databk7_collected.book Page 19 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM CHAPTER TWO L AUNCH SYSTEMS Introduction Launch systems provide access to space, necessary for the majority of NASA’s activities. During the decade from 1989–1998, NASA used two types of launch systems, one consisting of several families of expendable launch vehicles (ELV) and the second consisting of the world’s only partially reusable launch system—the Space Shuttle. A significant challenge NASA faced during the decade was the development of technologies needed to design and implement a new reusable launch system that would prove less expensive than the Shuttle. Although some attempts seemed promising, none succeeded. This chapter addresses most subjects relating to access to space and space transportation. It discusses and describes ELVs, the Space Shuttle in its launch vehicle function, and NASA’s attempts to develop new launch systems. Tables relating to each launch vehicle’s characteristics are included. The other functions of the Space Shuttle—as a scientific laboratory, staging area for repair missions, and a prime element of the Space Station program—are discussed in the next chapter, Human Spaceflight. This chapter also provides a brief review of launch systems in the past decade, an overview of policy relating to launch systems, a summary of the management of NASA’s launch systems programs, and tables of funding data. The Last Decade Reviewed (1979–1988) From 1979 through 1988, NASA used families of ELVs that had seen service during the previous decade.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Diplomacy in Asian Orbit
    Space Diplomacy in Asian Orbit EDA INSIGHT RESEARCH & ANALYSIS OCTOBER 2018 Space Diplomacy in Asian Orbit Dr N. Janardhan Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Emirates Diplomatic Academy, an autonomous federal entity, or the UAE Government. Copyright: Emirates Diplomatic Academy 2018. Cover Photo: Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre - http://www.khalifasat-thejourney.com Space Diplomacy in Asian Orbit Dr N. Janardhan Senior Research Fellow, Emirates Diplomatic Academy Dr N. Janardhan is Senior Research Fellow, Gulf-Asia Programme, Emirates Diplomatic Academy. His academic publications include – A New Gulf Security Architecture: Prospects and Challenges for an Asian Role (ed., 2014); India and the Gulf: What Next? (ed., 2013); and Boom amid Gloom: Spirit of Possibility in 21st Century Gulf (2011). Dr Janardhan is also Managing Assistant Editor, Journal of Arabian Studies. Executive Summary ◊ In international relations, expanding institutionalised ◊ As balance of power equations get reconfigured, channels of consultation is seen as enhancing there is evidence that international political- cooperation. Pursuing this, it is estimated that more security competition in space may supersede other than 80 countries (and many more private enterprises) considerations in the future. For now, however, there are are presently using space, either on their own or ample notable space-related developments in Asia that in partnership with others, to further individual or fall within the realm of soft power, which this Insight collective interests. explores. ◊ The West used the Cold War to further diplomatic ◊ It also suggests the following policy options for the influence and create ‘satellite’ states based on UAE to consider: geopolitical ideology.
    [Show full text]
  • INTERNATIONAL Call for Papers & Registration of Interest
    ORGANIZED BY: HOSTED BY: st 71 INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL CONGRESS 12–16 October 2020 | Dubai, United Arab Emirates Call for Papers & Registration of Interest Second Announcement SUPPORTED BY: Inspire, Innovate & Discover for the Benefit of Humankind IAC2020.ORG Contents 1. Message from the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) 2 2. Message from the Local Organizing Committee 2 3. Message from the IPC Co-Chairs 3 4. Messages from the Partner Organizations 4 5. International Astronautical Federation (IAF) 5 6. International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) 10 7. International Institute of Space Law (IISL) 11 8. Message from the IAF Vice President for Technical Activities 12 9. IAC 2020 Technical Sessions Deadlines Calendar 49 10. Preliminary IAC 2020 at a Glance 50 11. Instructions to Authors 51 Connecting @ll Space People 12. Space in the United Arab Emirates 52 www.iafastro.org IAF Alliance Programme Partners 2019 1 71st IAC International Astronautical Congress 12–16 October 2020, Dubai 1. Message from the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) 3. Message from the International Programme Committee (IPC) Greetings! Co-Chairs It is our great pleasure to invite you to the 71st International Astronautical Congress (IAC) to take place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates On behalf of the International Programme Committee, it is a great pleasure to invite you to submit an abstract for the 71st International from 12 – 16 October 2020. Astronautical Congress IAC 2020 that will be held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The IAC is an initiative to bring scientists, practitioners, engineers and leaders of space industry and agencies together in a single platform to discuss recent research breakthroughs, technical For the very first time, the IAC will open its doors to the global space community in the United Arab Emirates, the first Arab country to advances, existing opportunities and emerging space technologies.
    [Show full text]
  • U.A.E. Launches First Arab Interplanetary Mission
    U.A.E. Launches First Arab Interplanetary Mission Business Council Report Authors U.S. - U.A.E. Business Council The U.S.-U.A.E. Business Council is the premier business organization dedicated to advancing bilateral commercial relations. By leveraging its extensive networks in the United States and in the region, the U.S.-U.A.E. Business Council provides unparalleled access to senior decision makers in business and government with the aim of deepening bilateral trade and investment. usuaebusiness.org Hope Probe Technical Information In yet another milestone for the U.A.E. Space Program, the Emirates Mars Mission “Hope Probe” launched on July 20th 2020 for a 7-month journey to the Red Planet, where it will arrive in February 2021 to coincide with the 50th Anniversary of the U.A.E. as a country. This strategic initiative, which was lb = 2,970 lb first announced by U.A.E. President His Highness Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan and U.A.E. Vice President and Prime Minister His Highness Sheikh 9 feet Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum in 2014, is meant to not just achieve important scientific objectives by furthering understanding of the Martian 24 feet atmosphere but also accelerate the U.A.E.’s development of a knowledge economy and inspire a generation of Emirati and Arab Youth to “dream for the stars.” This impressive feat for a space program in its relative infancy is a testament to the U.A.E.’s visionary leadership, its rapid advances in the field, and the power of partnerships, particularly with the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Des Mesures Pour Le Climat
    LE MAGAZINE QUI PREND DE LA HAUTEUR N°0.2 /// 28 NOVEMBRE 2015 Spatium OBSERVATION DE LA TERRE DES MESURES POUR LE CLIMAT ESPACE / PREMIER INDUSTRIE / ZODIac DÉFENSE / qui CONTRÔLE VOL COMMERCIAL VEUT SURMONTER l’espace AÉRIEN EXPORT DU H-2A LA CRISE DE Daech ? DOSSIER SAVOIR POUR DES MESURES COMPRENDRE POUR LE CLIMAT ➥ STEFAN BARENSKY Tout le monde a entendu parler du battement d’ailes de papillon au Japon qui suffirait à déclencher un ouragan SOMMAIRE #0.2 dans le golfe du Mexique. Dans l’imaginaire collectif, Notre couverture : Évolution de la concentration en phytoplancton à la surface de l’océan entre octobre 2014 et octobre 2015 lors du déclenchement du phénomène « El Niño » d’après la l’atmosphère terrestre est depuis longtemps l’archétype 28.11.15 concentration en chlorophylle mesurée par l’instrument Modis du satellite Aqua . Crédit : Nasa. du système chaotique, par essence imprévisible en dessous d’un certain niveau de détail. Pourtant nous n’avons de cesse de la modéliser. Voilà plus d’un demi-siècle, c’est le besoin de prévoir le temps qu’il va faire qui a conduit /04 INDUSTRIE /13 DÉFENSE /20 espace /34 DOSSIER au développement des premiers supercalculateurs et des ZODIac VEUT LA RUSSIE RÉTABLIT sa LA nasa COMMANDE COPERNICUS premiers satellites météorologiques. SURMONTER LA CRISE capacITÉ DE VEILLE spaTIALE UN VOL À spaceX ACTE TROIS Aujourd’hui l’atmosphère n’est /07 INDUSTRIE /14 espace /22 TECHNOLOGIES /35 À SUIVRE qu’un des éléments d’un système DES CAPTEURS l’A320NEO ET LE LEAP PREMIER VOL COMMERCIAL BLUE ORIGIN RÉUSSIT SON NOMINATIONS plus complexe que la science tente DOUBLEMENT CERTIFIÉS à l’EXPORT DU H-2A RETOUR AVANT spaceX DEVRONT ÉVALUER /36 À SUIVRE Spatium de modéliser pour en comprendre LES EFFETS DES /08 DÉFENSE /17 espace /26 DOSSIER l’iNTERMINABLE RETOUR DU les rouages.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rest of Arab Television
    The Rest of Arab Television By Gordon Robison Senior Fellow USC Annenberg School of Communication June, 2005 A Project of the USC Center on Public Diplomacy Middle East Media Project USC Center on Public Diplomacy 3502 Watt Way, Suite 103 Los Angeles, CA 90089-0281 www.uscpublicdiplomacy.org USC Center on Public Diplomacy – Middle East Media Project The Rest of Arab Television By Gordon R. Robison Senior Fellow, USC Center on Public Diplomacy Director, Middle East Media Project The common U.S. image of Arab television – endless anti-American rants disguised as news, along with parades of dictators – is far from the truth. In fact, Arab viewers, just like viewers in the U.S., turn to television looking for entertainment first and foremost. (And just as in the U.S., religious TV is a big business throughout the region, particularly in the most populous Arab country, Egypt). Arabs and Americans watch many of the same programs – sometimes the American originals with sub-titles, but just as often “Arabized” versions of popular reality series and quiz shows. Although advertising rates are low, proper ratings scarce and the long-term future of many stations is open to question, in many respects the Arab TV landscape is a much more familiar place, and far less dogmatic overall, than most Americans imagine. * * * For an American viewer, Al-Lailah ma’ Moa’taz has a familiar feel: The opening titles dissolve into a broad overhead shot of the audience. The host strides on stage, waves to the bandleader, and launches into a monologue heavy on jokes about politicians and celebrities.
    [Show full text]
  • Copernicus Space Component Data Access Portfolio: Data Warehouse 2014 - 2020
    Ref. Ares(2015)2934566 - 13/07/2015 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use esrin Via Galileo Galilei Casella Postale 64 00044 Frascati Italy DOCUMENT Copernicus Space Component Data Access Portfolio: Data Warehouse 2014 - 2020 Prepared by B. Hoersch, V. Amans ESA Reference COPE-PMAN-EOPG-TN-15-0004 Issue/Revision 1.0 Date of Issue 31/03/2015 Status Draft ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use APPROVAL CHANGE LOG Reason for change Issue Nr. Revision Number Date CHANGE RECORD Issue Number 1 Revision Number 0 Reason for change Date Pages Paragraph(s) First issue 31/03/2015 DISTRIBUTION Name/Organisational Unit Page 2/79 Copernicus Space Component Data Access Portfolio: Data Warehouse 2014 - 2020 Issue Date 31/03/2015 Ref COPE-PMAN-EOPG-TN-15-0004 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Table of contents: 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 6 1.1 Reference documents ........................................................................................................6 1.2 Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................6 1.3 Document overview ......................................................................................................... 8 2 USER CATEGORIES AND LICENSING SCHEME ....................................... 8 2.1 Copernicus Services [Copernicus_Services] ................................................................... 8 2.2 Institutions and bodies of the Union [Union_Inst] .......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Satellite Broadcasting Services Back to Contents 2 Vol
    Satellite Broadcasting Services Back to Contents 2 Vol. 2 No. 3 TABLE OF June 2004 Click on the title to go CONTENTS directly to the story COVER STORY FEATURES (photo: Paramount ) 11/ Who Will Own the 13/The Latest 15/ BBC Promises 17/ Next Generation Video HDTV Services Entereprise? Trek on Enterprise By Alan Gottlieb By Bruce Elbert By Chris Forrester By David Gillies . Many operators see the Bruce Elbert show how to The BBC is favoring Industry consultant David Enterprise Market as an tap into the potentially satellite delivery of HDTV. Gillies discuss the enormous and potentially lucrative Enterprise implications of next untapped source of revenue, yet Market. generation video services few comprehend the complexity using MPEG4 to satellite of the challenge they face as they operators and broadcasters. attempt to penetrate it. REGIONAL EXECUTIVE UPDATE SPOTLIGHT REGULAR DEPARTMENTS 3 / Note from the Editor 21/NileSat Wants New 23/ Interview with SES 4 / Calendar of Events Slot Americom Senior VP Bryan McGuirk 5/ Industry News By Chris Forrester By Virgil Labrador 8/ New Products and Services 10/ Executive Moves SES Americom’s Egypt-based operator, 26/ Market Intelligience: Satellite Interoperability NileSat is seeking a new recently appointed SVP orbital slot as well as new for Domestic Services, (presented by the Global VSAT Forum) equity partners. Bryan McGuirk spoke to SatMagazine on 28/ Stock Monitor opportunities and challenges in the North 28/ Advertisers' Index American market. Vol.2 No. 3 June 2004 SATMAGAZINE.COM Back to Contents 3 NOTES FROM THE EDITOR Published monthly by Satnews Publishers 800 Siesta Way, Sonoma, CA 95476 USA The Plot Thickens Phone (707) 939-9306 Fax (707) 939-9235 Just two weeks after the acquisition by buyout E-mail: [email protected] specialist KKR of the third-largest satellite Website: www.satmagazine.com operator, PanAmSat, the second largest operator, EDITORIAL Intelsat has acknowledged that it has received Silvano Payne interest from an unspecified party to invest in or Publisher buy the company.
    [Show full text]
  • Internet on the Nile : Egypt Case Study
    INTERNET ON THE NILE: EGYPT CASE STUDY March 2001 This report was drafted by Tim Kelly and Guy Girardet of the ITU and Magda Ismail, formerly of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technol- ogy, (MCIT) Egypt, and now working at the Centre for International Develop- ment, Harvard University, USA. The authors can be contacted, by email at [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected]. The report was edited by Michael Minges and Vanessa Gray. Valuable comments were provided by Amr Abdel Kader of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. This report was based on a research visit to Egypt carried out in May 2000. A list of interviewees is contained in Annex 1 to this report. The authors would like to thank all those who contributed and commented on the report. This report is one of a series of six Internet diffusion case studies undertaken by the ITU during 2000. Other studies cover Bolivia, Hungary, Nepal, Singapore and Uganda. For more information, see the web site at www.itu.int/ti/casestudies. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the ITU or its membership or the government of Egypt. © ITU 2001 ii Contents 1. Country background ............................................................ 1 1.1 Overview............................................................................. 1 1.2 Demography ........................................................................ 1 1.3 Economy ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Spacecraft Mission Model Update
    Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee (COMSTAC) Report of the COMSTAC Technology & Innovation Working Group Commercial Spacecraft Mission Model Update May 1998 Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation Federal Aviation Administration U.S. Department of Transportation M5528/98ml Printed for DOT/FAA/AST by Rocketdyne Propulsion & Power, Boeing North American, Inc. Report of the COMSTAC Technology & Innovation Working Group COMMERCIAL SPACECRAFT MISSION MODEL UPDATE May 1998 Paul Fuller, Chairman Technology & Innovation Working Group Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee (COMSTAC) Associative Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation Federal Aviation Administration U.S. Department of Transportation TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMERCIAL MISSION MODEL UPDATE........................................................................ 1 1. Introduction................................................................................................................ 1 2. 1998 Mission Model Update Methodology.................................................................. 1 3. Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 2 4. Recommendations....................................................................................................... 3 5. References .................................................................................................................. 3 APPENDIX A – 1998 DISCUSSION AND RESULTS........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2001 Commercial Space Transportation Forecasts
    2001 Commercial Space Transportation Forecasts Federal Aviation Administration's Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST) and the Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee (COMSTAC) May 2001 ABOUT THE ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR FOR COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION (AST) AND THE COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION ADVISORY COMMITTEE (COMSTAC) The Federal Aviation Administration’s senior executives from the U.S. commercial Associate Administrator for Commercial Space space transportation and satellite industries, Transportation (AST) licenses and regulates U.S. space-related state government officials, and commercial space launch activity as authorized other space professionals. by Executive Order 12465, Commercial Expendable Launch Vehicle Activities, and the The primary goals of COMSTAC are to: Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984, as amended. AST’s mission is to license and • Evaluate economic, technological and regulate commercial launch operations to ensure institutional issues relating to the U.S. public health and safety and the safety of commercial space transportation industry property, and to protect national security and foreign policy interests of the United States • Provide a forum for the discussion of issues during commercial launch operations. The involving the relationship between industry Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984 and the and government requirements 1996 National Space Policy also direct the Federal Aviation Administration to encourage, • Make recommendations to the Administrator facilitate, and promote commercial launches. on issues and approaches for Federal policies and programs regarding the industry. The Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee (COMSTAC) provides Additional information concerning AST and information, advice, and recommendations to the COMSTAC can be found on AST’s web site, at Administrator of the Federal Aviation http://ast.faa.gov.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Activities 2018
    Space Activities in 2018 Jonathan McDowell [email protected] 2019 Feb 20 Rev 1.4 Preface In this paper I present some statistics characterizing astronautical activity in calendar year 2018. In the 2014 edition of this review, I described my methodological approach and some issues of definitional ambguity; that discussion is not repeated here, and it is assumed that the reader has consulted the earlier document, available at http://planet4589.org/space/papers/space14.pdf (This paper may be found as space18.pdf at the same location). Orbital Launch Attempts During 2018 there were 114 orbital launch attempts, with 112 reaching orbit. Table 1: Orbital Launch Attempts 2009-2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Average USA 19.0 24 20 22 30 31 Russia 30.2 32 26 17 19 17 China 14.8 16 19 22 18 39 Europe 11 12 11 11 11 Japan 4 4 4 7 6 India 4 5 7 5 7 Israel 1 0 1 0 0 N Korea 0 0 1 0 0 S Korea 0 0 0 0 0 Iran 0 1 0 1 0 New Zealand 0 0 0 0 3 Other 9 10 13 13 16 Total 79.0 92 87 85 91 114 The Arianespace-managed Soyuz launches from French Guiana are counted as European. Electron is licensed in the USA but launched from New Zealand territory. However, in late 2018 New Zealand registered the upper stages from the Jan 2018 Electron launch with the UN. Based on this, in rev 1.4 of this document I am changing Electron to count as a New Zealand launch vehicle.
    [Show full text]