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A First Comparison of Pronominal and Demonstrative Systems in the Cariban Language Family*
A FIRST COMPARISON OF PRONOMINAL AND DEMONSTRATIVE SYSTEMS IN THE CARIBAN LANGUAGE FAMILY* Sérgio Meira Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 1. Introduction The Cariban language family is composed of approximately 25 languages (numbers ranging from 20 to 50, depending on different researchers’ opinions about which varieties are dialects and which are independent languages), spoken by approximately 100,000 people in lowland South America, from south-eastern Colombia (where Karihona is spoken) to the Oiapoque river in Brazil (Karinya), from the coast of the Guianas (Karinya) down to the southern Xingu area in central Brazil (Bakairí). The field of comparative Cariban studies was initiated more than two hundred years ago, when the relationship between a number of Cariban languages was first noticed by Filippo Salvadore Gilij (1782). Unfortunately, the historical-comparative method has been only very rarely applied to Cariban languages, for two main reasons: (1) most of the languages are, to this day, poorly known, which means that there is very little reliable material to compare; (2) most people who compared Cariban languages were not trained comparativists. Girard (1971) remains the only methodical attempt at reconstructing Proto-Cariban lexical items and proposing a classification (unfortunately based on a still very poor data base). In the area of morphosyntax, Gildea (1998) presents the first reconstruction of the person-marking http://www.etnolinguistica.org/illa and tense-aspect-mood (TAM) systems of Proto-Cariban and their syntactic properties. This file is freely available for download at The present work attempts to contribute to the development of historical studies in the Cariban family by presenting a first preliminary reconstruction of the pronominal system of Proto-Cariban (including non-third-person and third-person, i.e. -
Prayer Cards | Joshua Project
Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Agavotaguerra in Brazil Aikana, Tubarao in Brazil Population: 100 Population: 300 World Popl: 100 World Popl: 300 Total Countries: 1 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: Amazon People Cluster: South American Indigenous Main Language: Portuguese Main Language: Aikana Main Religion: Ethnic Religions Main Religion: Ethnic Religions Status: Minimally Reached Status: Significantly reached Evangelicals: 1.00% Evangelicals: 25.0% Chr Adherents: 35.00% Chr Adherents: 50.0% Scripture: Complete Bible Scripture: Portions www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Ajuru in Brazil Akuntsu in Brazil Population: 300 Population: Unknown World Popl: 300 World Popl: Unknown Total Countries: 1 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: South American Indigenous People Cluster: Amazon Main Language: Portuguese Main Language: Language unknown Main Religion: Ethnic Religions Main Religion: Ethnic Religions Status: Unreached Status: Minimally Reached Evangelicals: 0.00% Evangelicals: 0.10% Chr Adherents: 5.00% Chr Adherents: 20.00% Scripture: Complete Bible Scripture: Unspecified www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Amanaye in Brazil Amawaka in Brazil Population: 100 Population: 200 World Popl: 100 World Popl: 600 Total Countries: -
Fieldwork and Linguistic Analysis in Indigenous Languages of the Americas
Fieldwork and Linguistic Analysis in Indigenous Languages of the Americas edited by Andrea L. Berez, Jean Mulder, and Daisy Rosenblum Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 2 Published as a sPecial Publication of language documentation & conservation language documentation & conservation Department of Linguistics, UHM Moore Hall 569 1890 East-West Road Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822 USA http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc university of hawai‘i Press 2840 Kolowalu Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96822-1888 USA © All texts and images are copyright to the respective authors. 2010 All chapters are licensed under Creative Commons Licenses Cover design by Cameron Chrichton Cover photograph of salmon drying racks near Lime Village, Alaska, by Andrea L. Berez Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data ISBN 978-0-8248-3530-9 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4463 Contents Foreword iii Marianne Mithun Contributors v Acknowledgments viii 1. Introduction: The Boasian tradition and contemporary practice 1 in linguistic fieldwork in the Americas Daisy Rosenblum and Andrea L. Berez 2. Sociopragmatic influences on the development and use of the 9 discourse marker vet in Ixil Maya Jule Gómez de García, Melissa Axelrod, and María Luz García 3. Classifying clitics in Sm’algyax: 33 Approaching theory from the field Jean Mulder and Holly Sellers 4. Noun class and number in Kiowa-Tanoan: Comparative-historical 57 research and respecting speakers’ rights in fieldwork Logan Sutton 5. The story of *o in the Cariban family 91 Spike Gildea, B.J. Hoff, and Sérgio Meira 6. Multiple functions, multiple techniques: 125 The role of methodology in a study of Zapotec determiners Donna Fenton 7. -
Third Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad
en Third Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad March 28 – April 11, 2021 Problems • Listen carefully to the invigilators and follow their instructions. • The contest lasts five hours. The problem set consists of eight pages and it contains five problems. You may solve the problems in any order. • You are not allowed to use any electronic device, written or printed material or other external sources of information during the contest. • If you have a question about any of the problems, put up your hand and ask an invigilator. The invigilator will consult with the jury before answering. • Rules for writing out solutions – Do not copy the statements of the problems. – Write down your solution to each problem on a separate sheet or sheets. – Use only the front side of the answer sheet. – On each sheet, indicate your name, the number of the problem, and the page sequence of that sheet within the problem, e.g.: Name ::: Name ::: Name ::: Problem # 5 Problem # 5 Problem # 5 Page # 1 / 3 Page # 2 / 3 Page # 3 / 3 (meaning first, second, and third sheet of three for the fifth problem.) Otherwise, your work may be mislaid or misattributed. – Unless stated differently, you should describe any patterns or rules that you identified in the data. Otherwise, your solution will not be awarded full marks. The contest problems must be kept confidential until they are published on the official APLO website https://aplo.asia. Do not disclose nor discuss the problems online until that date. Third Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad (2021) 2 Problems Problem 1 (20 points). Here are some sentences in Pitjantjatjara and their possible English translations: 1. -
PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/42006 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2017-12-06 and may be subject to change. Kwaza in a Comparative Perspective Author(s): Hein van der Voort Reviewed work(s): Source: International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 71, No. 4 (October 2005), pp. 365- 412 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/501245 . Accessed: 13/07/2012 09:37 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of American Linguistics. http://www.jstor.org KWAZA IN A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE1 Hein van der Voort Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi In view of the previous sparsity of data, the existing claims with regard to a genea- logical classification of the Aikanã, Kanoê, and Kwaza languages of Rondônia, on the Brazilian side of the Guaporé River, are premature and unconvincing. -
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
UNITED CERD NATIONS International Convention on Distr. the Elimination GENERAL of all Forms of CERD/C/SR.1741 Racial Discrimination 3 March 2006 Original: ENGLISH COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION Sixty-eighth session SUMMARY RECORD OF THE 1741st MEETING Held at the Palais Wilson, Geneva, on Monday, 27 February 2006, at 3 p.m. Chairman: Mr. de GOUTTES CONTENTS CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS, COMMENTS AND INFORMATION SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 9 OF THE CONVENTION (continued) Ninth to thirteenth periodic reports of El Salvador This record is subject to correction. Corrections should be submitted in one of the working languages. They should be set forth in a memorandum and also incorporated in a copy of the record. They should be sent within one week of the date of this document to the Official Records Editing Section, room E.4108, Palais des Nations, Geneva. Any corrections to the records of the public meetings of the Committee at this session will be consolidated in a single corrigendum, to be issued shortly after the end of the session. GE.06-40674 (E) 010306 030306 CERD/C/SR.1741 page 2 The meeting was called to order at 3.15 p.m. CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS, COMMENTS AND INFORMATION SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 9 OF THE CONVENTION (agenda item 6) (continued) Ninth to thirteenth periodic reports of El Salvador (CERD/C/471/Add.1; HRI/CORE/1/Add.34/Rev.2) 1. At the invitation of the Chairman, the members of the delegation of El Salvador took places at the Committee table. -
Sign Language Ideologies: Practices and Politics
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Heriot Watt Pure Annelies Kusters, Mara Green, Erin Moriarty and Kristin Snoddon Sign language ideologies: Practices and politics While much research has taken place on language attitudes and ideologies regarding spoken languages, research that investigates sign language ideol- ogies and names them as such is only just emerging. Actually, earlier work in Deaf Studies and sign language research uncovered the existence and power of language ideologies without explicitly using this term. However, it is only quite recently that scholars have begun to explicitly focus on sign language ideologies, conceptualized as such, as a field of study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first edited volume to do so. Influenced by our backgrounds in anthropology and applied linguistics, in this volume we bring together research that addresses sign language ideologies in practice. In other words, this book highlights the importance of examining language ideologies as they unfold on the ground, undergirded by the premise that what we think that language can do (ideology) is related to what we do with language (practice).¹ All the chapters address the tangled confluence of sign lan- guage ideologies as they influence, manifest in, and are challenged by commu- nicative practices. Contextual analysis shows that language ideologies are often situation-dependent and indeed often seemingly contradictory, varying across space and moments in time. Therefore, rather than only identifying language ideologies as they appear in metalinguistic discourses, the authors in this book analyse how everyday language practices implicitly or explicitly involve ideas about those practices and the other way around. -
Distance Education During COVID-19
Education in Emergencies The Effect of COVID-19 on the Educational Systems of South Africa, Cambodia, Turkey, Albania, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Brazil, Indonesia, China, and Egypt Abigail Bautista, Anwesha Sarma, Naomi Bonilla, Jennifer Tao, Seek Ling Tan, Sophie Zinn, Sophia Mohammed July 9, 2020 Youth Researchers Program, UNICEF Evaluation Office Table of Contents Introduction 1 South Africa 3 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges Identified Best Practices Cambodia 9 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges Identified Best Practices Turkey 15 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges Identified Best Practices Albania 20 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges Identified Best Practices India 26 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges Identified Best Practices Pakistan 35 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges 1 Identified Best Practices Nigeria 42 COVID-19 Educational Response 43 Distance Learning Strategy 43 Challenges 45 Identified Best Practices 45 Brazil 43 COVID-19 Educational Response 43 Distance Learning Strategy 43 Challenges 47 Identified Best Practices 49 Indonesia 58 COVID-19 Educational Response 58 Distance Learning Strategy 58 Challenges 59 Identified Best Practices 61 China 63 COVID-19 Educational Response 69 Distance Learning Strategy Challenges 71 Identified Best Practices 72 Egypt 69 COVID-19 Educational Response Distance Learning Strategy Challenges Identified Best Practices Conclusion 2 Abstract Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries are experiencing the highest recorded level of school disruption in history. UNESCO (2020) estimates that 290.5 million students are out of school at this time because of school shutdowns and quarantine. As a result, most have turned to distance learning as a solution for continuing education. -
Sri Lankan Sign Language Tutor K.S.S
2018 International Conference On Business Innovation (ICOBI), 25-26 August 2018, NSBM, Colombo, Sri Lanka Sri Lankan Sign Language Tutor K.S.S. Fernando Harshani Wickramarathne Computer Science & Technology Department Computer Science & Technology Department Uva Wellassa University Uva Wellassa University Badulla, Sri Lanka Badulla, Sri Lanka [email protected] [email protected] Abstract— Sign Language Recognition is a challenging attention to every child at every moment due to lack of research area of Human Computer Interaction. This system resources, parents of these disabled children may be too proposes a method which recognizes signs of Sri Lankan Sign busy, less interest of children to study, etc. As a solution this Language using Fourier Transformation, which is invariant to system will help to practice & check their knowledge translation, scaling, rotation and change of starting point. It without any help of their teachers or parents, as a computer is discusses about using a Centroid distance based shape an infinitely patient teacher. signature, which is capable of preserving both local and global information of the shape. II. METHODOLOGY This concept would be highly beneficial for primary school A. System Overview students who try to learn the basics of sign language. This system will help them to practice & check their knowledge This system can be divided into four major phases as without any help of their teachers or parents. shown in Fig. 1. In Image Acquisition phase, a collection of 8 static signs Digital Image Processing Techniques were used to obtain a as shown in Fig. 2 were captured by A4Tech 1.3MP USB closed contour image from the input image. -
Combined Second and Third Periodic Reports Submitted by El Salvador Under Article 35 of the Convention, Due in 2018*, **
United Nations CRPD/C/SLV/2-3 Convention on the Rights Distr.: General 1 February 2019 of Persons with Disabilities English Original: Spanish English, Russian and Spanish only Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Combined second and third periodic reports submitted by El Salvador under article 35 of the Convention, due in 2018*, ** [Date received: 7 May 2018] * The present report is being issued without formal editing. ** The annexes may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat. They are also available on the Committee against Torture website. GE.19-02472 (E) 140519 150519 CRPD/C/SLV/2-3 Introduction 1. The Republic of El Salvador recognizes the importance of the periodic reporting mechanism, especially the recommendations made by the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities at its sixteenth session (CRPD/C/1/Rev.1) in April 2016, which provide the basis for the submission, pursuant to article 35 (2) of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, of the combined second and third periodic reports covering the period from September 2013 to December 2017. 2. The combined second and third reports are structured around the list of issues relating to the content of the Convention, namely: purpose and general obligations (arts. 1– 4), specific rights (arts. 5–30) and specific obligations of the State party (arts. 31–33). 3. The National Council for Persons with Disabilities (CONAIPD) prepared the present report in coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and with the participation of 29 State institutions.1 The report was then presented to organizations of persons with disabilities. -
Proceedings 2014
Proceedings 2014 Selected Papers from the Eighteenth College-Wide Conference for Students in Languages, Linguistics & Literature University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa edited by Priscila Leal & Gordon West published by 2015 College of Languages, Linguistics & Literature, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Some rights reserved. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Past proceedings in this series are archived in http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/9195 ! ! ! ! CONTENTS PREFACE iii PLENARY HIGHLIGHTS v I. LITERATURE LĀHUI AND FAMILY IN THE NATION-BUILDING PROJECTS OF WRITTEN IN 3 THE SKY AND LITTLE HOUSE ON THE PRAIRIE Kelsey Amos, Department of English OKAMOTO KANOKO AND EXEMPLARY MOTHERHOOD: CONTEMPORARY 8 READINGS OF BOSHI JOJŌ Francesca Balquin Pizarro, Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures WHAT A LITERARY COLLAGE TELLS US: HEMINGWAY’S IN OUR TIME AND 15 “THE SNOWS OF KILIMANJARO” Madoka Nagado, Department of English DESIRE IN THE LOVE STORIES OF SANYAN 19 Di Sun, Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures THE VOICE OF RESISTANCE: THE STRUGGLE AGAINST 26 TRANSCULTURATION IN THE POEMS OF CARLO FRATICELLI, JAMAICA OSORIO, AND ITTAI WONG Ryan Swanson, Department of Languages and Literatures of Europe and the Americas II. LANGUAGE THE AFFECTIVE EFFECTS OF COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS AFTER 36 EXTENSIVE READING Hyunjung An, Department of Second Language Studies PROPOSAL FOR THE TRANSCRIPTION OF CETACEAN COMMUNICATION 45 Brenda Clark, Department of Linguistics DIFFERENCES IN CO-CONSTRUCTION IN JAPANESE BETWEEN -
A Sketch of the Linguistic Geography of Signed Languages in the Caribbean1,2
OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 38 A SKETCH OF THE LINGUISTIC GEOGRAPHY OF SIGNED LANGUAGES IN THE CARIBBEAN Ben Braithwaite The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine June 2017 SCL OCCASIONAL PAPERS PAPER NUMBER 38—JUNE 2017 Edited by Ronald Kephart (2014–2016) and Joseph T. Farquharson (2016–2018), SCL Publications Officers Copy editing by Sally J. Delgado and Ronald Kephart Proofreading by Paulson Skerritt and Sulare Telford EDITORIAL BOARD Joseph T. Farquharson The University of the West Indies, Mona (Chair) Janet L. Donnelly College of the Bahamas David Frank SIL International Ronald Kephart University of North Florida Salikoko S. Mufwene University of Chicago Ian E. Robertson The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Geraldine Skeete The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Donald C. Winford Ohio State University PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY FOR CARIBBEAN LINGUISTICS (SCL) c/o Department of Language, Linguistics and Philosophy, The University of the West Indies, Mona campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica. <www.scl-online.net> © 2017 Ben Braithwaite. All rights reserved. Not to be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the author. ISSN 1726–2496 THE LINGUISTIC GEOGRAPHY OF SIGNED LANGUAGES 3 A Sketch of the Linguistic Geography of Signed Languages in the Caribbean1,2 Ben Braithwaite The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 1. Introduction HE Caribbean… is the location of almost every type of linguistic “Tphenomenon, and of every type of language situation. For example, trade and contact jargons, creole languages and dialects, ethnic vernaculars, and regional and nonstandard dialects are all spoken. There are also ancestral languages used for religious purposes…, regional standards, and international standards.