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Adabiyot-II.Pdf OZBEKISÒON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA ORÒA MAXSUS ÒALIM VAZIRLIGI ORÒA MAXSUS, KASB-HUNAR TALIMI MARKAZI ADABIYOT (Majmua) Akadåmik litseylarning ikkinchi bosqich oquvchilari uchun Ikkinchi nashri Ñholpon nomidagi nashriyot-matbaa ijodiy uyi Òoshkent 2010 BBK 83.3(5Ó)6 A29 Oliy va orta maxsus, kasb-hunar talimi oquv metodik birlashmalar faoliyatini Muvofiqlashtiruvchi kengash nashrga tavsiya etgan Òuzuvchilar: Boqijon Toxliyev filologiya fanlari doktori, professor, Rano Mirsamiqova Nizomiy nomidagi Toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti oqituvchisi, Oydin Ametova Nizomiy nomidagi Toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti oqituvchisi Òaqrizchilar: Rano Inogomova pedagogika fanlari nomzodi, dotsent, Tuygunoy Niyazmetova pedagogika fanlari nomzodi, dotsent Ushbu majmua XV asrning 2- yarmidan XX asrgacha bolgan davrdagi adabiy yodgorliklarni qamrab olgan. Unda Alisher Navoiy gazallari, qitalari, ruboiylari, tuyuqlari, mustazod, muxammas, tarjibandlaridan namunalar hamda «Xamsa» dostonidan parchalar, Husayniy ijodidan namunalar, Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur gazallari, ruboiylari va tuyuqlaridan namunalar, «Boburnoma»dan parcha, Majlisiy ijodi, Xojaning «Miftoh ul-adl» asaridan namuna, Abulgozi Bahodirxonning «Shajarayi turk» asaridan parchalar, Òurdi Farogiy, Sofi Olloyor ijodlaridan namunalar, Mashrabning devoni, Huvaydoning «Rohati dil» dostonidan lavhalar, Uvaysiy, Amiriy, Nodiralarning lirik merosi, Gulxaniyning «Zarbulmasal», Maxmur, Shermuhammad Munis, Muhammadrizo Ogahiy, Muqimiyning «Sayohatnoma»si, Furqat, Zavqiy, Komil Xorazmiy, Dilshodi Barno va Anbar Otin ijodiy merosi durdonalari joy olgan. Majmua akadåmik litseylarning II bosqich oquvchilari uchun moljallangan. 030108000065 A 2010 360/04/2010 ISBN 978-9943-05-113-3 © Cholpon nomidagi nashriyot-matbaa ijodiy uyi, 2007- y. © Cholpon nomidagi nashriyot-matbaa ijodiy uyi, 2010- y. 2 ALISHER NAVOIY (14411501) Alisher Navoiy ozbek adabiyotidagina åmas, balki butun turkiy xalqlar adabiyoti, hatto jahon xalqlari adabiyoti tarixidagi eng noyob hodisalar silsilasiga mansub bolgan buyuk shaxsdir. U qoldirgan merosining soni va hajmiga koragina åmas, balki ularning mazmun va yuksak badiiyatiga kora ham tengsiz adibdir. Navoiy ijodkor inson, kashfiyotchi olim, teran mushohadali tarixchi, nozik didli mutasavvuf, aruz ilmining nuktadoni, sheriyat mulkining sultoni edi. Uning zamondoshi Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur buni juda muxtasar tarzda ifodalab bergan: «Alisherbek naziri yoq kishi erdi. Òurkiy til bila to sher aytibturlar, hech kim oncha kop va xob aytqon åmas. Olti masnaviy kitob nazm qilibtur, beshi «Xamsa» javobida, yana biri «Mantiq ut-tayr» vaznida «Lison ut-tayr» otliq. Òort gazaliyot devoni tartib qilibtur: «Garoyib us-sigar», «Navodir ush-shabob», «Badoye ul-vasat», «Favoyid ul-kibar» otliq. Yaxshi ruboiyoti ham bor. Yana «Mezon ul-avzon» otliq aruz bitibtur .. Forsiy nazmda «Foniy» taxallus qilibtur. Yana musiqiyda yaxshi namalar boglabtur. Yaxshi naqshlari va yaxshi peshravlari bordur». Navoiy koplab epik asarlar ijodkori hamdir. Ularning gultoji esa, shubhasiz, «Xamsa» bolgan. Dostonlarning barchasi ananaviy hamd va natlar bilan boshlanadi. Muqaddimada xudoning sifatlari vasf etilgan. Dostonlarda adibning falsafiy, axloqiy-talimiy hamda badiiy-estetik qarashlari oz ifodasini topgan. Majmuada adib ijodidan ayrim namunalar berilgan. 3 GAZALLAR (Ashraqat min...) Ashraqat min aksi shamsil-kasi anvorul-hudo1, Yor aksin mayda kor deb, jomdin2 chiqti sado. Gayr naqshidin kongul jomida bolsa zangi gam, Yoqtur, ey soqiy, mayi vahdat3 masallik gamzudo4. Ey, xush ul maykim, anga zarf5 olsa bir singan safol, Jom olur getinamo6, Jamshid, ani ichkan gado. Jom-u may gar boyladur, ul jom uchun qilmoq bolur, Yuz jahon har dam nisor, ul may uchun ming jon fido. Dayr7 aro hush ahli rasvo bolgali, ey mugbacha8, Jomi may tutsang meni devonadin qil ibtido9. Toki ul maydin kongul jomida bolgach jilvagar Chehrayi maqsudi mahv10 olgay hamul dam moado11. Vahdate bolgay muyassar may bila jom ichrakim, Jom-u may lafzin degan bir ism ila qilgay ado. 1 Misra manosi: Sharqdan chiqqan quyoshning hidoyat nurlari piyolada aks etishi 2 jom qadah, may piyolasi 3 vahdat yakkalik, yagonalik 4 gamzudo qayguni ketkazuvchi 5 zarf may (suyuqlik) quyiladigan idish 6 getinamo olamni korsatuvchi 7 dayr butxona, kochma manoda, mayxona va umuman dunyo 8 mugbacha mayxonachining yugurdak xodimi, may tashuvchi bola 9 ibtido boshlanish 10 mahv yoqolish, bitish 11 moado dan boshqa 4 Sen gumon qilgandin ozga jom-u may mavjud erur, Bilmayin naf etma bu mayxona ahlin, zohido. Tashnalab olma Navoiy, chun azal soqiysidin, «Ishrabu, yo ayyuhal-atshon» kelur har dam nido. (Har gadokim...) Har gadokim, boryoyi1 faqr2 erur kisvat3 anga, Saltanat zarbaftidin4 hojat åmas xilat anga. Kim fano tufrogiga yotib qoyar tosh uzra bosh, Taxt uza ermas muzahhab5 muttako6 hojat anga. Shah yurub olam ochar, darvesh olamdin qochar; Ham ozung insof bergilkim, bu ne nisbat anga. Har ne shah maqsudidur7, darveshning mardudidur8, Kor ne himmatdur munga, ne nav erur holat anga. Faqr koyi tufrogin shah mulkiga bermas faqir, Mulk korkim, teng åmas tufrog ila qiymat anga. Shah siðah cheksa, faqir ahvoliga yetmas futur9, Bu vale chekkach nafas, barbod olur hashmat anga. 1 boryo boyra 2 faqr kambagallik, yoqsillik; kamtarlik 3 kisvat kiyim, ust-bosh 4 zarbaft zardan toqilgan mato, zarbof, kimxob 5 muzahhab zarhal qilingan 6 muttako suyanchiq, suyanadigan narsa 7 maqsud qasd qilingan, niyat qilingan narsa; maqsad, istak, murod, orzu 8 mardudidur rad etgan, haydalgan 9 futur halokat, shikast, zarar 5 Shah åmastur bir nafas osuda dozax vahmidin, Ey xusho darveshkim, mardud erur jannat anga. Shahga sidq ahli damidin mashali davlat yorur, Mehrdekkim, subh anfosi1 ochar talat2 anga. Shahga shahlig musallamdur3, agar bolgay mudom, Shahlig tarkin qilib, darvesh olur niyyat anga. Mumkin ermas shahlar ichra boyla niyatlig, magar, Shohi Goziykim, muyassar boldi bu davlat anga. Shahlar darveshi-yu, darveshlar shahiki, bor Shahlig suvrat anga, darveshlik siyrat4 anga. To shah-u darvesh bolgay aylagil, yo rab, ayon, Shahdin xidmat munga, darveshdin himmat anga. 1 anfos nafaslar 2 talat yuz, bet , korinish, qiyofa, husn 3 musallam qarshilik qilmay maqullangan, etirof etilgan 4 siyrat xulq-atvor, odat, ichki olam 6 Gar Navoiy soz uzatti, faqrdin ermas dåmang, Bolmaguncha hukm shahdin, qayda bu jurat anga?! (Korgali husnungni...) Korgali husnungni zor-u mubtalo boldum sanga, Ne balolig kun edikim, oshno boldum sanga. Har necha dedimki kun-kundin uzay sendin kongul, Vahki, kun-kundin batarrak mubtalo boldum sanga. Men qachon dedim, vafo qilgil manga, zulm aylading, Sen qachon deding, fido bolgil manga, boldum sanga. Qay pari paykarga, dersen telba boldung bu sifat, Ey pari paykar, ne qilsang qil manga, boldum sanga. Ey kongil, tarki nasihat ayladim avvora bol, Yuz balo yetmaski, men ham bir balo boldum sanga. Jomi Jam birla Xizr suyi nasibimdur mudom, Soqiyo, to tarki joh1 aylab gado boldum sanga. Gussa changidin navoye topmadim ushshoq2 aro, To Navoiydek asir-u benavo boldum sanga. (On sakiz ming olam oshubi...) On sakiz ming olam oshubi3 agar boshindadur, Ne ajab chun sarvinozim on sakiz yoshindadur. Desa bolgaykim, yana ham on sakiz yil husni bor, On sakiz yoshinda buncha fitnakim4 boshindadur. 1 joh mansab, amal, martaba 2 ushshoq oshiqlar 3 oshub gavgo, topolon 4 fitna topolon, gavgo, janjal 7 On sakiz yil dåma, yuz sakson yil olsa uldurur Husn shohi, ul balolarkim koz-u qoshindadur. Hayrat etmon1 husni naqshidaki, har hayratki bor, Barchasi ezid2 taolo sun3 naqqoshindadur. Tan anga siym4-u, ichinda tosh muzmar5 konglidin, Aqlga yuz hayrat, ul oyning ich-u toshindadur. May ketur, ey mugki6 yuz hayrat aro qolmish Masih7, Bul ajablarkim, bu eski dayr8 xuffoshindadur9. To Navoiy tokti ul oy furqatidin bahri10 ashk, Har qachon boqsang, quyosh aksi aning yoshindadur. (Shox ikki gizolingni...) Shox ikki gizolingni11 noz uyqusidin uygat, To uyqulari ketsun, gulzor ichida oynat. Tishlabki, soching ordung, ochkanda parishon qil12, Ofoq13 savodinda14 jon royihasin15 butrat16. 1 hayrat etmon ajablanmayman 2 ezid Olloh 3 sun yaratilish 4 siym kumush 5 muzmar pinhon, yashirin 6 mug bu orinda: mayfurush 7 Masih Iso paygambarning laqabi 8 dayr bu orinda: mayxona 9 xuffosh korshapalak 10 bahr daryo, dengiz 11 gizol ohu, yor kozlari kopincha ohu kozlariga oxshatilgan 12 parishon qil yoy, soch 13 ofoq dunyo 14 savod qora 15 royiha yoqimli hid 16 butrat tarqat 8 Kulbamga xayafshon1 kel, zulfung qilib oshufta2, Anjum siðahin3 sindur, ofoq4 ulusin5 qozgat. Oraz6 quyoshin ochib, ashki qurugan kozni Kop hajrda yiglatding, bir vaslda ham yiglat. Bir oh ila kul boldum, ey charx, tilab topib, Farhod ila Majnunga oshiqlik ishin orgat. Xoro7 tubiga yotkung, yoq sud8 agar yuz yil, Kok atlasi ustida jismingni yotib agnat. Bazm ichra Navoiy kop yiglar esa, ey soqiy, Hush eltkuvchi doru jomiga aning chayqat. (Konglung istar yorlar...) Konglung istar yorlar birla hamisha shod bol, Mendin-u kimdinki, konglung istamas, ozod bol. Garchi sabrim uyi yanglig, aylading vayron meni, Doimo, yo Rabki, husnung mulkidek obod bol. Men chekib anduh9 olay, el joni bolsun ul Masih, Sovrul, ey charxi nigun10, vey dahri dun11 barbod bol. Bevafolar zulm-u bedodiga ermassen harif12, Ey sinuq konglum, agar xud shisha, gar polod bol. 1 xayafshon xay-ter, afshon sochuvchi. Mumtoz sheriyatimizda u yoqimli hid taratish, yanada gozallashish manolarini anglatadi 2 oshufta yoyilgan, taralgan 3 anjum siðahi yulduzlar qoshini 4 ofoq dunyo, yer yuzi 5 ulus el, xalq 6 oraz yuz
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