Establishing a Legal Framework for Long-Term Digital Game Preservation
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A History of Video Game Consoles Introduction the First Generation
A History of Video Game Consoles By Terry Amick – Gerald Long – James Schell – Gregory Shehan Introduction Today video games are a multibillion dollar industry. They are in practically all American households. They are a major driving force in electronic innovation and development. Though, you would hardly guess this from their modest beginning. The first video games were played on mainframe computers in the 1950s through the 1960s (Winter, n.d.). Arcade games would be the first glimpse for the general public of video games. Magnavox would produce the first home video game console featuring the popular arcade game Pong for the 1972 Christmas Season, released as Tele-Games Pong (Ellis, n.d.). The First Generation Magnavox Odyssey Rushed into production the original game did not even have a microprocessor. Games were selected by using toggle switches. At first sales were poor because people mistakenly believed you needed a Magnavox TV to play the game (GameSpy, n.d., para. 11). By 1975 annual sales had reached 300,000 units (Gamester81, 2012). Other manufacturers copied Pong and began producing their own game consoles, which promptly got them sued for copyright infringement (Barton, & Loguidice, n.d.). The Second Generation Atari 2600 Atari released the 2600 in 1977. Although not the first, the Atari 2600 popularized the use of a microprocessor and game cartridges in video game consoles. The original device had an 8-bit 1.19MHz 6507 microprocessor (“The Atari”, n.d.), two joy sticks, a paddle controller, and two game cartridges. Combat and Pac Man were included with the console. In 2007 the Atari 2600 was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame (“National Toy”, n.d.). -
Alive Dead Media 2020: Tracker and Chip Music
Alive Dead Media 2020: Tracker and Chip Music 1st day introduction, Markku Reunanen Pics gracefully provided by Wikimedia Commons Arrangements See MyCourses for more details, but for now: ● Whoami, who’s here? ● Schedule of this week: history, MilkyTracker with Yzi, LSDJ with Miranda Kastemaa, holiday, final concert ● 80% attendance, two tunes for the final concert and a little jingle today ● Questions about the practicalities? History of Home Computer and Game Console Audio ● This is a vast subject: hundreds of different devices and chips starting from the late 1970s ● In the 1990s starts to become increasingly standardized (or boring, if you may :) so we’ll focus on earlier technology ● Not just hardware: how did you compose music with contemporary tools? ● Let’s hear a lot of examples – not using Zoom audio The Home Computer Boom ● At its peak in the 1980s, but started somewhat earlier with Apple II (1977), TRS-80 (1977) and Commodore PET (1977) ● Affordable microprocessors, such as Zilog Z80, MOS 6502 and the Motorola 6800 series ● In the 1980s the market grew rapidly with Commodore VIC-20 (1980) and C-64 (1982), Sinclair ZX Spectrum (1982), MSX compatibles (1983) … and many more! ● From enthusiast gadgets to game machines Enter the 16-bits ● Improving processors: Motorola 68000 series, Intel 8088/8086/80286 ● More colors, more speed, more memory, from tapes to floppies, mouse(!) ● Atari ST (1984), Commodore Amiga (1985), Apple Macintosh (1984) ● IBM PC and compatibles (1981) popular in the US, improving game capability Not Just Computers ● The same technology powered game consoles of the time ● Notable early ones: Fairchild Channel F (1976), Atari VCS aka. -
1. Introduction
Latest Gaming Console 1 1. INTRODUCTION Gaming consoles are one of the best digital entertainment media now available. Gaming consoles were designed for the sole purpose of playing electronic games. A gaming console is a highly specialised piece of hardware that has rapidly evolved since its inception incorporating all the latest advancements in processor technology, memory, graphics, and sound among others to give the gamer the ultimate gaming experience. A console is a command line interface where the personal computer game's settings and variables can be edited while the game is running. But a Gaming Console is an interactive entertainment computer or electronic device that produces a video display signal which can be used with a display device to display a video game. The term "video game console" is used to distinguish a machine designed for consumers to buy and use solely for playing video games from a personal computer, which has many other functions, or arcade machines, which are designed for businesses that buy and then charge others to play. 1.1. Why are games so popular? The answer to this question is to be found in real life. Essentially, most people spend much of their time playing games of some kind or another like making it through traffic lights before they turn red, attempting to catch the train or bus before it leaves, completing the crossword, or answering the questions correctly on Who Wants To Be A Millionaire before the contestants. Office politics forms a continuous, real-life strategy game which many people play, whether they want to or not, with player- definable goals such as ³increase salary to next level´, ³become the boss´, ³score points off a rival colleague and beat them to that promotion´ or ³get a better job elsewhere´. -
Expo Hall Expo Hall
EXPO HALL EXPO HALL 1985 Games . 8118 Cloudapult . 25006 . Fitchburg State University . .14079 . Mercury Learning and Info . 30031 Pure Arts . .28076 . Super Spin Digital . 32032 1UpOnCancer . .32120 . Cloudfire Studios . 32080. Flaming Toast . 24076 Merge Games . .32036 . Q-Workshop . 25002 Sweet Bandits Studios . 28043. 32122 32120 32116 32112 32110 32108 32106 32104 32102 32098 32096 32094 32088 32086 32084 32082 32080 32078 32072 32052 32050 32048 32046 32042 32036 32032 32028 32024 32022 32018 32014 32010 32006 3BlackDot . 18047 Coatsink Software . .16075 . Foam Brain . 22003 . Meta Threads . .27017 . Qing Feng Tech . 31079 . Table Titans . 8120 . 3D Generation . Codename Entertainment . 29071. Focus Home Interactive . 29017 . Metallic Dice Games . 24003 . Quantum Astrophysicists Guild . Tabletop Tycoon . 26003 31081 31080 30081 30080 29080 28081 27080 26080 25080 24081 19068 18069 18068 17069 PLATINUM 15080 14081 13080 12081 12080 11081 11080 32104 27077 29081 26081 23081 13081 3XR . 32078. Command D . 32048. For Fans By Fans . .8082 . Metro VR Studios . .12004 . Rainway . 12003 Tahoe Games . 22034. 24078 BLUE GAMES 31079 30077 30078 28079 28076 27077 25077 23076 22077 19066 18067 18066 17067 16081 SEAGATE 15078 14079 13078 12079 12078 11079 Computer Lunch . Forked Lightning . MiHoYo Limited . Team D-13 . MAMMOTH 562 Interactive . 12002. 30047 31077 25035 Rapt Interactive . 30080 . 14081 31076 29076 27076 26076 25076 24077 TECHNOLOGY 31077 29077 26077 23077 GAMES 9th Level Games . 31006. Contigo Games . .24038 . Frostbox Studios . 32086. Mixer . 12039 . Rebellion . .29037 . Team17 . 14003. 30077 30076 28077 24076 HYPETRAIN COATSINK 15075 ARENANET 11074 19075 EKWB DIGITAL SOFTWARE 15074 14075 13074 12075 12074 11075 Academy of Art University . 27063 . Controller Chaos . .8040 . Furious Tree Games . -
Uila Supported Apps
Uila Supported Applications and Protocols updated Oct 2020 Application/Protocol Name Full Description 01net.com 01net website, a French high-tech news site. 050 plus is a Japanese embedded smartphone application dedicated to 050 plus audio-conferencing. 0zz0.com 0zz0 is an online solution to store, send and share files 10050.net China Railcom group web portal. This protocol plug-in classifies the http traffic to the host 10086.cn. It also 10086.cn classifies the ssl traffic to the Common Name 10086.cn. 104.com Web site dedicated to job research. 1111.com.tw Website dedicated to job research in Taiwan. 114la.com Chinese web portal operated by YLMF Computer Technology Co. Chinese cloud storing system of the 115 website. It is operated by YLMF 115.com Computer Technology Co. 118114.cn Chinese booking and reservation portal. 11st.co.kr Korean shopping website 11st. It is operated by SK Planet Co. 1337x.org Bittorrent tracker search engine 139mail 139mail is a chinese webmail powered by China Mobile. 15min.lt Lithuanian news portal Chinese web portal 163. It is operated by NetEase, a company which 163.com pioneered the development of Internet in China. 17173.com Website distributing Chinese games. 17u.com Chinese online travel booking website. 20 minutes is a free, daily newspaper available in France, Spain and 20minutes Switzerland. This plugin classifies websites. 24h.com.vn Vietnamese news portal 24ora.com Aruban news portal 24sata.hr Croatian news portal 24SevenOffice 24SevenOffice is a web-based Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. 24ur.com Slovenian news portal 2ch.net Japanese adult videos web site 2Shared 2shared is an online space for sharing and storage. -
The Star of a Fantasy RPG Adventure
SPOTLIGHT ON INDIE RPGS NOV./DEC. 2020 THE MAGAZINE FOR PHYSICAL GAME PLAYERS $0.00 or Zeboyd Games’ Robert Boyd, the “RPGs give a lot of bang for your the idea to make each battle self-contained Eldritch Enterprises! appeal of the role-playing genre isn’t buck—at least 20-30 hours, as with no long-term resource management was Zeboyd’s RPG hits! hard to pin down. “As a kid, JRPGs opposed to an action game” inspired by Final Fantasy XIII. Desperation really appealed to me,” he says. “They mode—negative HP—was inspired by Bor- had fun stories and characters mixed “With Cosmic Star Heroine, we were trying derlands. Having cooldowns instead of MP Dragon Fantasy... Fwith strategic gameplay, in an era where to make a spiritual successor to Phantasy was inspired by the Xenoblade games. Items F You Got Your most games had minimal stories and action- Star IV with visuals reminiscent of Chrono that recharge after combat may have been focused gameplay.” That made them an easy Trigger,” Boyd says. “Our upcoming magical inspired by Paladin’s Quest or Dark Souls— Quest in My buy, despite their often being more expensive girl RPG, This Way Madness Lies, is heavily and ailment HP was definitelyinspired by Final Trigger! than other 8- and 16-bit games: “They gave inspired by the later Persona games, while Dark Souls.” a lot of bang for your buck, with the average having combat visuals reminiscent of the It can be tricky to navigate the one being 20-30 hours, as opposed to an ac- Shining Force & Golden Sun games.” line between homage and retread, but games ALSO IN THIS ISSUE tion game that might only last a day or two.” At the same time, Boyd says, like Cosmic Star Heroine and Cthulhu Saves “The star of a RPGs no longer need to ship on there’s much to be learned about modern Christmas prove it’s possible. -
Developer Deck Draft
WiiWare Business Overview Dan Adelman Business Development Nintendo of America What is WiiWare All About? • Developer freedom • Lowering barriers • Opportunity for large and small developers Business Model Recap • 65:35 (Content Provider:Nintendo) revenue share from unit 1 for titles that cross the Performance Threshold • Developer provides suggested price; Nintendo sets final price Europe + The Americas Oceania Performance 6,000 units 3,000 units Threshold (>16MB) Performance 4,000 units 2,000 units Threshold (<16MB) Royalties paid by NOA NOE Payments and Reporting • Payments made 30 days after the close of each calendar quarter • Unit sales status reports available online – Ability to break down by time frame and country/region – Link to your status report will be provided when your title is released Ground Rules • Game size must be < 40MB – < 16MB strongly encouraged! – The manual is viewable online and does not count against this limit • No hardware emulation • No advergames, product placement, or collection of user data • Must be a complete game – The game cannot require the purchase of add-on content or a separate title Minimum Localization Requirements Europe + The Americas Oceania In-game language English* English* English, French, Online manual EFIGS + Dutch Spanish Wii Shop Channel English, French, EFIGS + Dutch catalog info Spanish * Support for additional languages is strongly encouraged! Some Issues to Consider... Taxes! • Royalties paid by NOA/NOE to a foreign company may be subject to a source withholding tax. In the US, -
Download Games from Playstation Store to Psp
Download games from playstation store to psp The item will download to your PSP system. Once the content has been copied go to [Games] or [Video]* > [Memory Stick] to install or view your. If the game that you have downloaded (as a purchase or for free) from (PlayStation®Store) is compatible with the PSP™ system, you can copy the game to play it. The native PSN storefront on PSP is closing down, Sony has announced. or download content by accessing the PlayStation Store on their PSPs. PSP titles is quite a draw – especially for fans of classic games and JRPGS. Then go to PSN store on your PSP and check the games that you purchased on SEN (sony entertainment network) in the "downloads list " and. Transferring a PlayStation Store Game to a PSP from a PC. 1. Download and. PSP-How to get free games (demos) at the playstation store - Duration: MrFunny 19, views · 8. Only a short while ago, if you wanted to access the PlayStation Store and all the PSP games and other goodies that it offered for download, you. Why are PSP games on Playstation store, can you buy and download them and play them on your ps3? List of download-only PlayStation 3 games · List of PlayStation 3 disc games released for download List of PlayStation Store TurboGrafx games · List of PlayStation 2 Classics for PlayStation 3 · List of PlayStation 2 games PSP games. PlayStation Store Will Not Be Supported By Media Go From October 24th This will affect those who still use their PSPs to play games and watch videos. -
Sparking a Steam Revolution: Examining the Evolution and Impact of Digital Distribution in Gaming
Sparking a Steam Revolution: Examining the Evolution and Impact of Digital Distribution in Gaming by Robert C. Hoile At this moment there’s a Renaissance taking place in games, in the breadth of genres and the range of emotional territory they cover. I’d hate to see this wither on the vine because the cultural conversation never caught up to what was going on. We need to be able to talk about art games and ‘indie’ games the ways we do about art and indie film. (Isbister xvii) The thought of a videogame Renaissance, as suggested by Katherine Isbister, is both appealing and reasonable, yet she uses the term Renaissance rather casually in her introduction to How Games Move Us (2016). She is right to assert that there is diversity in the genres being covered and invented and to point out the effectiveness of games to reach substantive emotional levels in players. As a revival of something in the past, a Renaissance signifies change based on revision, revitalization, and rediscovery. For this term to apply to games then, there would need to be a radical change based not necessarily on rediscovery of, but inspired/incited by something perceived to be from a better time. In this regard the videogame industry shows signs of being in a Renaissance. Videogame developers have been attempting to innovate and push the industry forward for years, yet people still widely regard classics, like Nintendo’s Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time (1998), as the best games of all time. As with the infatuation with sequels in contemporary Hollywood cinema, game companies are often perceived as producing content only for the money while neglecting quality. -
Master List of Games This Is a List of Every Game on a Fully Loaded SKG Retro Box, and Which System(S) They Appear On
Master List of Games This is a list of every game on a fully loaded SKG Retro Box, and which system(s) they appear on. Keep in mind that the same game on different systems may be vastly different in graphics and game play. In rare cases, such as Aladdin for the Sega Genesis and Super Nintendo, it may be a completely different game. System Abbreviations: • GB = Game Boy • GBC = Game Boy Color • GBA = Game Boy Advance • GG = Sega Game Gear • N64 = Nintendo 64 • NES = Nintendo Entertainment System • SMS = Sega Master System • SNES = Super Nintendo • TG16 = TurboGrafx16 1. '88 Games (Arcade) 2. 007: Everything or Nothing (GBA) 3. 007: NightFire (GBA) 4. 007: The World Is Not Enough (N64, GBC) 5. 10 Pin Bowling (GBC) 6. 10-Yard Fight (NES) 7. 102 Dalmatians - Puppies to the Rescue (GBC) 8. 1080° Snowboarding (N64) 9. 1941: Counter Attack (TG16, Arcade) 10. 1942 (NES, Arcade, GBC) 11. 1942 (Revision B) (Arcade) 12. 1943 Kai: Midway Kaisen (Japan) (Arcade) 13. 1943: Kai (TG16) 14. 1943: The Battle of Midway (NES, Arcade) 15. 1944: The Loop Master (Arcade) 16. 1999: Hore, Mitakotoka! Seikimatsu (NES) 17. 19XX: The War Against Destiny (Arcade) 18. 2 on 2 Open Ice Challenge (Arcade) 19. 2010: The Graphic Action Game (Colecovision) 20. 2020 Super Baseball (SNES, Arcade) 21. 21-Emon (TG16) 22. 3 Choume no Tama: Tama and Friends: 3 Choume Obake Panic!! (GB) 23. 3 Count Bout (Arcade) 24. 3 Ninjas Kick Back (SNES, Genesis, Sega CD) 25. 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe (Atari 2600) 26. 3-D Ultra Pinball: Thrillride (GBC) 27. -
The Effects of Latency on Player Performance and Experience in A
The Effects of Latency on Player Performance and Experience in a Cloud Gaming System Robert Dabrowski, Christian Manuel, Robert Smieja May 7, 2014 An Interactive Qualifying Project Report: submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science Approved by: Professor Mark Claypool, Advisor Professor David Finkel, Advisor This report represents the work of three WPI undergraduate students submitted to the faculty as evidence of completion of a degree requirement. WPI routinely publishes these reports on its web site without editorial or peer review. Abstract Due to the increasing popularity of thin client systems for gaming, it is important to un- derstand the effects of different network conditions on users. This paper describes our experiments to determine the effects of latency on player performance and quality of expe- rience (QoE). For our experiments, we collected player scores and subjective ratings from users as they played short game sessions with different amounts of additional latency. We found that QoE ratings and player scores decrease linearly as latency is added. For ev- ery 100 ms of added latency, players reduced their QoE ratings by 14% on average. This information may provide insight to game designers and network engineers on how latency affects the users, allowing them to optimize their systems while understanding the effects on their clients. This experiment design should also prove useful to thin client researchers looking to conduct user studies while controlling not only latency, but also other network conditions like packet loss. Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Background Research 4 2.1 Thin Client Technology . -
Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. Introduces Playstation®4 (Ps4™)
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE SONY COMPUTER ENTERTAINMENT INC. INTRODUCES PLAYSTATION®4 (PS4™) PS4’s Powerful System Architecture, Social Integration and Intelligent Personalization, Combined with PlayStation Network with Cloud Technology, Delivers Breakthrough Gaming Experiences and Completely New Ways to Play New York City, New York, February 20, 2013 –Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. (SCEI) today introduced PlayStation®4 (PS4™), its next generation computer entertainment system that redefines rich and immersive gameplay with powerful graphics and speed, intelligent personalization, deeply integrated social capabilities, and innovative second-screen features. Combined with PlayStation®Network with cloud technology, PS4 offers an expansive gaming ecosystem that is centered on gamers, enabling them to play when, where and how they want. PS4 will be available this holiday season. Gamer Focused, Developer Inspired PS4 was designed from the ground up to ensure that the very best games and the most immersive experiences reach PlayStation gamers. PS4 accomplishes this by enabling the greatest game developers in the world to unlock their creativity and push the boundaries of play through a system that is tuned specifically to their needs. PS4 also fluidly connects players to the larger world of experiences offered by PlayStation, across the console and mobile spaces, and PlayStation® Network (PSN). The PS4 system architecture is distinguished by its high performance and ease of development. PS4 is centered around a powerful custom chip that contains eight x86-64 cores and a state of the art graphics processor. The Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) has been enhanced in a number of ways, principally to allow for easier use of the GPU for general purpose computing (GPGPU) such as physics simulation.