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The R & B Book S7

The greatest single event affecting the integration of rhythm and music Alone)," the top single of 195S, with crossovers "(YouVe Got! The Magic Touch" with the pop field occurred on November 2, 1355. On that date. Billboard (No. 4), "" and "My Prayer" (both No. It. and "You'll Never magazine expanded its pop singles chart from thirty to a hundred positions, Never Know" b/w "It Isn't Bight" (No. 14). Their first "" naming it "The Top 100." In a business that operates on hype and jive, a chart reached No. 7 on Billboard's album chart. position is "proof of a record's strength. Consequently, a chart appearance, by and , another of the year's consistent crossover itself, can be a promotional tool With Billboard's expansion to an extra seventy artists, tasted success on their first record "Why Do Fools Fall In Love" (No. 71, positions, seventy extra records each week were documented as "bonifide" hits, then followed with "" (No. 17). "I Promise To and 8 & B issues helped fill up a lot of those extra spaces. Remember" (No. 57), and "ABCs Of Love" (No. 77).

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An ironic twist was that many R &. 8 items were able to make the pop survey. Note the contrast between Frankie Lvmon/Teenagers and the Platters, the two but no; the R & B chart, which remained at a mere fifteen positions. Moreover, top R & B vocal.groups of 1956. The Platters were sort of a modern-day Ink Spots the means of determining sales of records led to the inaccurate (lead Tony Williams compares favorably with the ink Spots' Bill Kenny) to the inclusion of many non-rhythm and blues records on the R & B chart. The non-R extent that they even recorded a number of previously associated with the &. B artist who appeared most often on the R & B charts in 1956 was Elvis Ink Spots like "My Prayer" and 'To Each His Own." While the Platters were H &. Presley- Those Presley crossovers are often pointed to as proof of his strong B's "class act," ready to take on and other bastions of "big-time" show black support, but there's little chance that Elvis sold well in the ghetto, lust as biz, the Teenagers were the ultimate representatives of the street there's little likelihood that fellow rock 'n' rollers like Frankie Avalon, Duane corner/practice in the school gym scene. Unlike the Platters, their musical roots Eddy, , and the Everly Brothers did either, even though their late- went back no further than the Crows, the Wrens, and a multitude of other fifties hits also placed significantly on the R&.B charts. recent vintage doo-wop groups. Frankie's falsetto became the sound of The cause of rhythm and blues was furthered by the emergence of a number East Coast vocal group harmony and fostered a seemingly endless stream of of R & B artists as "official" stars, those who were able to cross-over to the pop youthful doo-wop, and Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers got to play the London charts with reasonable consistency. From the closing months of 1355, when Palladium. Billboard expanded its chart, to the end of 1956, artists like , the The overnight success of thirteen-year old Frankie Lymon was a signal to Platters, and had hit after hit. Fats Domino, a solid R & B favorite many other teenagers that the field was not restricted to experienced adults, and since 1950, had his first pop-hit in 1955 with "Ain't it A Shame," although it came served to lure these other inexperienced vocal groups into the recording studio. in second to 's version. In 1956, all of Fats' hits crossed over, starting Record companies were impressed by Lymon's success and they opened their with "Bo Weevil" which reached No. 35. His first top ten item 'I'm In Love Again" doors wide for these teenage acts. That rhythm and blues was becoming teen- b/w "My Blue Heaven" hit No. 5 on Billboard's "Tap 100," and "When My oriented was a natural development, since teens were its major audience. Still, Dreamboat Comes Home" b/w "So-Long" hit No. 22. Fats' coup was his revival of only a handful of blatant attempts to identify with the teenage consumer became "Blueberry Hill," which reached No. 4 and remained on the chart for over half a big hits, notably the Teen Queens' "Eddie My Love" and the Six Teens' "A Casual year. Few would recall Glenn Miller's (1941) and Louis Armstrong's 11949) Look." versions after Fats got through with it. While Fats Domino, Little Richard, the Platters, and Frankie Lymon and the Little Richard had been around since the early fifties, recording without much Teenagers were the most consistent crossover artists of the year, there were success, first for HCA Victor, then for Peacock with a back-up group called the many others who went pop with at least one classic smash. /R & B veteran Tempo Toppers. Finally, in 1955 he signed with Specialty. With instrumental Bill Doggeit rocketed to the No. Z spot on Billboard's "Top 100" with "Honky support from a cohesive group of N.O.L.A. , and sporting a voice that Tank." and sold over a million copies in the process. One classic crossover was a had gone from a moderate wail to a genuine scream, Little Richard found his release that originated on Standord (not Standard), a small Connecticut label, unique place in musical history. "Tutti FrutU" charted late in 1955 and peaked called "in The Still Of The Nite" by the Five Satins. It took about six months to early in 1956, reaching No. 21 on Billboard's "Top 100" (beaten by Pat Boonel. His chart after Ember Records picked it up for national distribution, and never second Specialty release "Long Tail Sally" stands as one of the most frantic hit placed higher than No. 29, but it is without a doubt one of the most beloved of all records of all time. It was cut in , but it could just as easily have been fifties records. cut on Venus. It hit lucky No. 13 on the "Top 100" (and this time beat Pat Boone's In ail, fifty B &. B hits crossed over to the pop charts in 1956, representing a , which peaked at No. 18). Before the year was out, he scored again giant increase over 1955. Of the R & B singles that finished in the top 30 of the ':•.. with "Rip It Up" b/w "Ready Teddy" which made it to No. 27. Hot Chart's top 100, all but three managed to crass over, ("Oh What A Nite'-Cells, The Platters continued their winning ways, following "Only You (And You "Drown In My Own Tears"- Charles, and "Please, Please. Please'-James 58 The R & B Book

Brown and the Famous Flames). In the case of the latter two, it was because they his voice...Some lucky members of Robins became Coasters. The rest retained failed to reach a substantial white teenage audience. Robins' name and signed with Whippet Records—Little Richard's "Slippin' And Both "Drown In My Own Tears" and "Please, Please, Please" were actually Slidin' (Peepin' And Hidin1)" was a remake of Eddie Bo's "I'm Wise'.-.There were prototypes of what would be known as "." ' disc, a revival many R &, B revivals of pop favorites this year, including "Blueberry Hill." "My of Sonny Tnompson/Lula Read's 1952 hit "I'll Drown In My Tears," was the latest Blue Heaven," "When My Dreamboat Comes Home," "How Soon," "Blue Moon," in a series of smashes which changed Ray Charles' status from marginal "The Glory Of Love." "Hold Me," "My Prayer." "April In Paris," "Candy," "Yes Sir. performer to superstar. He had been experimenting ever since the forties, when That's My Baby," "Mean To Me." "Off Shore," "Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer," he tried to sound like his idol Nat "King" Cole, with only mixed results. He and '." Meanwhile, there were lots of energetic rock

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eventually signed with Atlantic and began to develop the Ray Charles sound - an and roll revivals of R & B classics like "Hound Dog." "." articulate, sophisticated, arranged jazz/blues, which borrowed elements from "Love Me" (Willie & Ruth's), "Money Honey," "Lawdy Miss Clawdy." "Chains Of gospel. This combination was a powerful brew and soon Ray Charles was a Love," and "Forty Cups Of Coffee". .Hello: Melba, Neil, Empire. Onyx. Tetra. familiar name on the R &. B charts. But, while many of his contemporaries were Whiriin Disc, and Teenage. One thing they all shared was that vocal groups crossing over, Ray stayed on the R &. B side of the fence. consitituted the bulk of their releases...not so for Eli Toscano's Cobra label Unlike "Drown In My Own Tears," 's landmark soul hit "Please, (Chicago), which carried on the city's blues tradition with artists like Otis Rush. Please, Please" was not the result of years of musical trials and tribulations. It Magic Sam, and Sunnyland Slim...Chess introduced Argo subsidiary. Herald was his first effort and different from anything else on the 1956 R & B chart. reactivated Ember, and pushed Dig...Transfers: to Actually, it was a repetitive, hypnotic chant, sung enthusiastically by James and Atlantic, Billy Ward/Dominoes to Decca, to Imperial, and Big the Famous Flames. Maybeile to Savoy...Imperial issued Fats Domino's first album, a compilation of James, when questioned, would name most of the stars of the early fifties R & his hits entitled "Rock and Rollin' with Fats Domino." B scene as his idols, but whatever influence they (Roy Brown, Amos Milburn. etc) may have had on the gospel drenched rhythm and blues sounds of James Brown is not readily apparent. His records are that unique. But, "Please, Please. Please" TERRITORIAL BREAKOUTS almost didn't get released. King/Federal owner Syd Nathan hated the record and wanted no part of it but A & R man Ralph Bass (who ran Federal) finally : "Don't Let It End This Way"-Elmore Morris, "Dont Leave Me Fanny"- convinced him to sign JB and issue the record. Nathan almost rejected the artist Royal Jokers, and "Southbound Speciai'-Lloyd Glenn...: "Dark Is who would single-handedly keep his company afloat in the sixties. The Nighi"-B.B. King. "Hold Me"-Mel Williams, "Hum De Dum"-Gassers, and "Spring Fever"-Ernie Freeman...: "Sittin' In The Dark"-Nappy Brown, "Mother-In-Law Blues"-Little Junior Parker, and "Congo Mombo"-Guitar Gable...NEW ORLEANS: "Don't Feel Sorry For Me"-Jimmy Beasley, "One Nighf- Smiley Lewis, and "Tell Me Why"-...:' "Walking In A BRIEFLY DreanV'-Soloman Burke and 'The Chicken"-Rosco Gordon...ST. LOUIS: "I'm Tore Up"-BUIy Gayles, "I Asked For Water"-Howlin' Wolf, and "TAin't Whatcha Say It's The Cliques "vocal group" was actually Jesse Belvin, double (or triple) tracking Whatcha Do"-Uttle Esther. 68 The R & B Book

Brown and the Famous Flames). In the case of the latter two, it was because they his voice-Some iucky members of Robins became Coasters. The rest retained failed to reach a substantial white teenage audience. Robins' name and signed with Whippet Records-Little Richard's "Slippin' And Both "Drown In My Own Tears" and "Please, Please, Please" were actually Slidin (Peepin1 And HidinT was a remake of Eddie Bo's "I'm Wise'.-.There were prototypes of what would be known as "soul music." Ray Charles' disc, a revival many R & B revivals of pop favorites this year, including "Blueberry Hill," "My of /'s 1352 hit Til Drown In My Tears," was the latest Blue Heaven," "When My Dreamboat Comes Home." "How Soon." "Blue Moon," in a series of smashes which changed Ray Charles' status from marginal •The Glory Of Love." "Hold Me," "My Prayer." "April In Paris," "Candy," "Yes Sir. performer to superstar. He had been experimenting ever since the forties, when That's My Baby," "Mean To Me." "Off Shore," "Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer." he tried to sound like his idol Nat "King" Cote, with only mixed results. He and 'The Way You Look Tonight." Meanwhile, there were lots of energetic rock

I CANT QUIT YOU BABY. , (Dixon) IN THE STILL OF THE MITE OTIS RUSH F. P*rrii 5000

eventually signed with Atlantic and began to develop the Ray Charles sound - an and roll revivals of R & B classics like "Hound Dog." "I Almost tost My Mind," articulate, sophisticated, arranged jazz/blues, which borrowed elements from "Love Me" (Wiliie &. Ruth's), "Money Honey," "Lawdy Miss Clawdy." "Chains Of gospel. This combination was a powerful brew and soon Ray Charles was a Love," and "Forty Cups Of Coffee"...Hello: Melba, Neil, Empire. Onyx. Tetra. familiar name on the H St. B charts. But, while many of his contemporaries were Whirlin Disc, and Teenage. One thing they all shared was that vocal groups crossing over, Ray stayed on the R & B side of the fence. consitituted the bulk of their releases...not so for Eli Toscano's Cobra label Unlike "Drown In My Own Tears," James Brown's landmark soul hit "Please, (Chicago), which carried on the city's blues tradition with artists like Otis Hush. Please,'Please" was not the'result of years of musical trials and tribulations. It Magic Sam, and Sunnyland Slim...Chess introduced Argo subsidiary. Herald was his first effort and different from anything else on the 19S6 R & B chart. reactivated Ember, and Johnny Otis pushed Dig—Transfers: Chuck Willis to Actually, it was a repetitive, hypnotic chant, sung enthusiastically by James and Atlantic, Billy Ward/Dominoes to Decca, Ernie Freeman to Imperial, and Big the Famous Flames. Maybelle to Savoy...Imperial issued Fats Domino's first album, a compilation of James, when questioned, would name most of the stars of the early fifties R & his hits entitled "Rock and Rollin with Fats Domino." B scene as his idols, but whatever influence they (Roy Brown, Amos Milburn. etc) may have had on the gospel drenched rhythm and blues sounds of James Brown is not readily "•apparent. His records are that unique. But, "Please, Please, Please" TERRITORIAL BREAKOUTS almost didn't get released. King/Federal owner Syd Nathan hated the record and wanted no part of it but A & R man Ralph Bass (who ran Federal) finally DETROIT: "Don't Let It End This Way"-E!more Morris, "Dont Leave Me Fanny"- convinced him to sign JB and issue the record. Nathan almost rejected the artisi Royal Jokers, and "Southbound Speciaf'-JJoyd Glenn...LOS ANGELES: "Dark Is who would single-handedly keep his company afloat in the sixties. The Night"-B.B. King. "Hold Me"-Mel Williams, "Hum De Dum"-Gassers, and "Spring Fever"-Ernie Freeman...ATLANTA: "Sittin" In The Dark"-Nappy Brown, "Mother-In-Law Blues'-Little Junior Parker, and "Congo Mombo"-Guitar Gable...NEW ORLEANS: "Don't Feel Sorry For Me"-Jimmy Beasley, "One Niphf- Smiley Lewis, and "Tell Me Why"-Marie Knight...PHlLADELPHIA:" "Walking In A BRIEFLY DreanT-Soiomon Burke and "The Chicken"-Rosco Gordon...ST. LOUIS: "I'm Tore Up"-BUly Gayles. "I Asked For Water"-Howiin' Wolf, and "TAin't Whatcha Say It s The Cliques "vocal group" was actually Jesse Beivin, double (or triple) tracking Whatcha Do"-Uttle Esther. The R & 8 Book 59

HOT CHART

1HQNKYTONK(142> 34 ITS TOO LATE 38 WHATCHA' GONNA DO WHEN YOUR BABY Bill Doggett (King 4950) Chuck Willis (Atlantic 1098) LEAVES YOUUUANITA 2 BLUEBERRY HILL 35 A CASUAL LOOK Chuck Willis (Atlantic 1112) Fats Domino (Imperial 5407) Six Teens (Flip 315) 39 NO MONEY DOWN 3THE GREAT PRETENDER 38 LITTLE GIRL OF MINE (Chess 1615) Platters (Mercury 70753) Cleftones (Gee 1011) 70 FORTY DAYS 3 FORTY NIGHTS 4 I'M IN LOVE AGAIN/MY SLUE HEAVEN 37 ROLL OVER BEETHOVEN (Chess 1620) Fats Domino (Imperial 5386) Chuck Berry (Chess 1626) 71 LIPSTICK, POWDER AND PAINT/ 5 FEVER 33 NEED YOUR LOVE SO BAD ROCK A WHILE (King 4935) Little Willie John (King 4841) Joe Turner (Atlantic 1100) 8 WHY BO FOOLS FALL IN LOVE 39LOVE.LOVE.LOVH 72 SMOKESTACK LIGHTNING -. Frankie Lymonfleenagers (Gee 1002) YOUR TENDER UPS- Howlln' Wolf (Chess 1618) 7 LONG TALL 3ALLY/ Clovers (Atlantic 1094) 73 DONT GO NO FARTHER SLIPPIN' AND SLIDIN' (Pfmpin1 And Hldln1) 40 SWEET LITTLE ANGEUBAO LUCK Muddy Waters (Chess 1630) Little Richard (Specialty 572) B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 463) 74 CANDY 8 MY PRAYER/HEAVEN ON EARTH 41 SEE SAW Big Maybelle (Savoy 1195) Platters (Mercury 70893) Moonglows (Chess 1629) 75 RUBY BABY 9 RIP IT UP/READY TEDDY 42 CONFIDENTIAL Drifters (Atlantic 1089) Little Richard (Specialty 579) Sonny Knight (Vita 137/Dot 15507) 76 WHO Little Walter (Checker 833) 10 TUTTI-FRUTTI 43 LUtle Richard (Specialty 561) Ray Charles (Atlantic 1096) 77 IN PARADISE Cookies (Atlantic 1084) 11 LETTHEQOODTIMES ROLL 44 TOO MUCH MONKEY BUSINESS! Shirley and Lee (Aladdin 3325) BROWN EYED HANDSOME MAN 78 SHE'S GOT rr/HESBY-JESBIES Little Richard (Specialty 584) 12 EDDIE MY LOVE Chuck Berry (Chess 1635) Teen Queens (RPM 453) 45 STRANDED IN THE JUNGLE 79 KEEP IT TO YOURSELF Sonny Boy Williamson (Checker 847) 13 IN THE STILL OF THE MITE Jay dawks (Flash 109) Rve Satins (Standord BIOS/Ember 1005) 48 OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND BO ONE KISS LED TO ANOTHER Coasters (Atco 6073) 14SPEEDOQ Five Keys (Capital 3502) Cadillacs (Josie 785) 4? ST. THERESE OF THE ROSES 81 YOU BABY YOU Cleftones (Gee 1000) 15TREASUREOFLQVE Billy Ward/Dominoes (Dacca 29933) Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1092) 4BPRISCILLA 32 THE CHICKEN AND THE HAWK (Up.Up and tsmxftt 181 WANT YOU TO BE MY GIRL Eddie Cooley/Dimples (Royal Roost 621) MORNING. NOON AND NIGHT Frankie Lymon/Teenagers (Gee 1012) 49 APRIL IN PARIS Joe Turner (Atlantic 1080) (Ctef 89162) 83 THAT'S ALL THERE IS TO THAT 17 (You'-m Got) THE MAGIC TOUCH* Nat "King" Cole/Four Knights (Captiol 3456) WINNER TAKE ALL 50 WITCHCRAFT- Platters (Mercury 70819) Spiders (Imperial 5366) 84 TRY ROCX AND ROLL Bobby Mitchell (Imperial 5378) 18 DROWN IN MY OWN TEARSIMARY ANN 51 AINT THAT LOVIN' YOU BABY ' Ray Charles (Atlantic 10B5) Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 168) 35 UP ON THE MOUNTAIN * Magnlf Icents (Veejay 183) 19 SLOW WALK 52 JIVIN' AROUND (1 & 2) Sil Austin (Mercury 70983) Ernie Freernao(Cash 1017) 86 SOFT WINDS (Mercury 70906) 20 CORRINE CORRINAT 531 PROMISE TO REMEMBER; BOOGIE WOOQIE COUNTRY CURL WHO CAN EXPLAIN? 871 DONT WANT NOBODY (To Ham My Joe Turner (Atlantic 1088) Frankie Lymon/Teenagers (Gee 1018) Lorn But YouyOQOT QOOT DOW Buddy Johnson (Mercury 70775/Wing 90064) 21 SEVEN DAYS 54 Clyde McPhatter {Atlantic 1081) Ray Charles (Atlantic 1108) 88 COPS AND ROBBERS Boogaloo (Crest 1030) 22 SLOW WALK 55 Bill Doggett (King 50DO) Coasters (Atco 6064) 89 YES SIR THAT'S MY BABY Sensations (Atco 6056) 23 A THOUSAND MILES AWAY 56 CHURCH BELLS MAY RING Heartbeats (Hull 720/Rama216) Willows (Melba 102) SO I ASKED FOR WATER Howlln' Wolf (Chess 1632) ' 24 WHEN MY DREAMBOAT COMES HOME/ 57 ON MY WORD OF HONOR SO-LONG B.B. King (RPM 479) 91 ARE YOU SATISFIED? Fats Domino (Imperial 5396) Ann Cole (Baton 218) SB I CANT QUIT YOU BABY 25 STRANDED IN THE JUNGLE Otis Rush (Cobra 5000) 92 SWEET BABY OF MINE Cadets (Modern 994) (Atlantic 1091) 59 AFTER THE LIGHTS GO DOWN LOW 28 OONT BLAME IT ON MET Al Hlbbler (Decca 29982) 93 THIRTY DAYS BO WEEVIL Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1106) Fats Domino (Imperial 5375) 60 THAT'S YOUR MISTAKE Otis Williams/Charms (DeLuxe 6091) 94 LOST DREAMSffiQCKIN' AROUND 27OHWHATANITE Emis Freeman (Imperial 5381) Dells (Vee-Jay 204) 61 GOODNIGHT MY LOVE (PteMMit Onum*) Jesse Selvin (Modem 1005) 95 GET UP GET UP (You Simmy 231 FEEL GOOD MY HAPPINESS FOREVER Shirley and Lee (Aladdin 3338) S2KA-DING-DQNG Lavern Baker (Atlantic 1087) G-Clefs (Pilgrim 715) 29 IVORY TQWERflN PARADISE 98 WE GO TOGETHER Otis Williams/Charms (DeLuxa 6093) 63 I'LL BE HOME Moonglows (Chess 1619) Flamingos (Checker 830) 30 PLEASE. PLEASE, PLEASE 971 PUT A SPELL ON YOU James Brown/Famous Flames (Federal 12258) 84 THE GIRL IN MY DREAMS Screamin' Jay Hawkins (OKeh 7072) Cliques (Modern 987) 31 DEVIL OR ANGEUHEY, DOLL BABY 98 CRYING WON'T HELP YOU Clovers (Atlantic 1083) 6S THE ABC'S OF LOVE B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 451) Frankla Lymon/Teenagers (Gee 1022) 32 ST1LUI CANT LOVE YOU ENOUGH 99 SHPS GOT ME HOOK, LINE S SINKER! Lavem Baker (Atlantic 1104) 68 COME HOME PLEASE LISTEN TO ME Bubber Johnson (King 4822) 33 YOU'LL NEVER NEVER KNOW/ Smiley Lewis (Imperial 5389) IT ISNT RIGHT 871 GOTTA SET MYSELF A WOMAN* 109 CANT STAND TO SEE YOU GOI Platters (Mercury 70948) SOLDIER OF FORTUNE ROCKIN' WITH REED Drifters (Atlantic 1101) Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 186) 60 The R & B Book

EXTRAS

A-1 IN MY HEART-? ESPECIALLY LITTLE FOOU Spiders (Imperial 5393) Tony Allen/Chimes (Specialty 570) I GOTTA HAVE YOU ALWAYS BE FAITHFUL EVERY NIGHT ABOUT THIS TIME) Charlie and Ray (Herald 472) Monarcfis (Neil 103) COOL COOL BABY LOOK OUT THE ANGELS SANG -2 Sophomores (Dawn 216) Sam (The Man) Taylor (MGM 12186) Solitaires (Old Town 1026) FEEFEEFIFOFUM LOST IN A DAY DREAM AS GOD IS MY JUDGE tavern Baker (Atlantic 1093) Bo Rhambo(Cash 1037) Dean Barlow (Davis 444) FROM THE BOTTOM OF MY HEART LOVE IS TRUE AT ANY COST Clovers (Atlantic 1107) Chestnuts (Davis 447) Pyramids (Davis 453) FRUIT BOOTS MALENA BABY, I LOVE YOU SO Red Prysock (Wing 90070) Bombers (Orpheus 1101) /Don Juans (Fortune 825) GLORY OF LOVE -JO MEAN TO ME BILLY'S BLUES (1ft 2) Angels (Gee 1024) Big Maybelle (Savoy 1500) Billy Stewart (Chess 1625/Argo 52S6) GOING DOWN TO TIA JUANA -11 MOMENTS LIKE THIS B-I-N-G-O (BINGO) Andre WilllamsfDon Juans (Fortune 824) Battineers (Teenage 1000) Turbans (Herald 478) HEADIN1 HOME MOTHER-IN-LAW BLUES - 20 BRING IT HOME TO ME • 3 /Flairs (Modern 989) Little Junior Parker (Duke 157) Buddy Johnson (Mercury 70912) HIT THE ROAD MY HEARTS DESIRE BUBBINS ROCK Sam (The Man) Taylor (MGM12131) Wheels (Premium 405) /BIII Doggett (King 4954) HOLD ME MY NERVEStDO SOMETHING FOR ME CANT WE BE SWEETHEARTS? - 4 Mel Williams (Dig 114) Little Willie John (King 49SO) Clef tones (Gee 1016) THE HONEYMOON MY TROUBLES ARE NOT AT AN END CASTLE IN THE SKY Solitaires (Old Town 1019) Penguins (Mercury 70799) Bop-Chords (Holiday 2601) HOT ROD NATURE'S CREATION - 27 •CAUSE YOU'RE MINE - 5 Hal Singer (Savoy 1179) Valentines (Rama 208) G-Clefs (Pilgrim 720) HOW OFFSHORE 'CAUSE YOU'RE MY LOVERfGEE WHITTAKERS! - 6 Jewels (Imperial 5377) Cardinals (Atlantic 1090) Five Keys (Capitol 3267) HOW I FEEL ON SUNDAY AFTERNOON CHERRY BLOSSOM Chuck Carbo/Spiders (Imperial 5376) Harptones (Rama 214) /Four Students (Groove 4G-0152) HOW SOON ONE MORE CHANCE WITH YOU CHERRY LIPS Jacks (RPM 454) Little Walter (Checker 838) Robins (Whippet 200) HUMDEDUM ONE NIGHT THE CHICKEN (D«n=s Wllh You) Gassers (Cash 1035) Smiley Lewis (Imperial 5380) Rosco Gordon (Flip/Sun 237) I AM BEWILDERED PEOPLE ARE TALKING - 22 CHICKEN HOP Richard Berry (RPM 452) Heartbeats (Hull 716) Billy Bland°(ordTown 1022) ' I BELIEVE IN YOU PLEADIN' FOR LOVE - 23 CHICKEN IN THE BASKET Robert and Johnny (Olc! Town 1021) Larry Birdsong (Excello 2076) Billy Bland (Old Town 1016) I BELONG TO YOU PLEASE MR. DISC JOCKEY THE CLOSER YOU ARE Fi-Tones (Atlas 1055) Sensations (Atco 6067) Channels (Whirlin Disc 100) I CALL TO YOU-72 PRETTY LITTLE GIRL CONBOMOMBO-7 Fi-Tones (Atlas 1052) Monarchs (Neil 101) Guitar Gable (Excello 2062) I DONT KNOW RAINY DAY THE CONVENTION Keynotes (Apollo 484) Ernie Freeman (Imperial 5391) Delegates (Vee-Jay 212) I LOVE YOU BABY RED TOP/LOVE SWEET LOVE CRAZY LOVE Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 203) Teen Queens (RPM 470) Royaltones (Old Town 1018) I SIT IN MY WINDOW -73 RIGHT NOW, RIGHT NOWSTINA'S CANTEEN CUBAN TWILIGHT Four Fellows (Glory 244) (Coral 61626) Mike Simpson (Argo 5258) I WANT TO DO MORE ROCK 'N ROLL INDIAN DANCE DARK IS THE NIGHT (1 6 2) Ruth Brown (Atlantic 10S2) Little "Butchie" Saunders (Herald 485) B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 459) I'LL BE FOREVER -14 PARTY DARLING, LISTEN TO THE WORDS OF THIS El Dorados (Vee-Jay 165) Red Prysock (Mercury 70918) Ruth McFadden/Supremes(Old Town 1017) I'M A FOOL 75 ROCK, GRANNY, ROLL DEAR LORD Turks (Money 215) Midnighters (Federal 12260) Continentals (Whirlin Disc 101) I'M PAST SIXTEEN RUBBER BISCUIT DEAREST BELOVED DARLING - B Bette McLaurinfFour Fellows (Glory 241) Chips (Josie 803) Leaders (Glory 239) I'M TORE UP -IB RUDOLPH THE RED-NOSED REINDEER - 24 DID YOU EVER LOVE A WOMAN) Billy Gayles (Federal 12265) Cadillacs (Josie 807) LETS DO THE BOOGIE I'M WISE SEND ME FLOWERS - 25 B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 457) Eddie Bo (Apollo 4B6) Six Teens (Flip 317) DIDDYWAHDIDDY I'VE GOT TO HAVE YOU BABY - 7 7 SHATTERED DREAMS Bo Diddley (Checker 832) Pretenders (Rama 198) Youngsters (Empire 104) DIMPLES IN SELF DEFENSE SHIRLEY JEAN John Lee Hooker (Vee-Jay 205) Flairs (ABC Paramount 9698) Big Walter (Peacock 1661) DONT FEEL SORRY FOR ME ITWASNTALIE 78 THE SHOW MUST GO ON - 26 Jimmy Beasley (Modern 996) Fi-Tones (Atlas 1051) Dinah Washington (Mercury 70776) DONT LEAVE ME FANNY JUST A FEELING SISTER JENNYfMY HEART IS BLEEDING Royal Jokers (Atco6062) Little Walter (Checker 845) Johnny Fuller (Imperial 5382) DONT LET IT END THIS WAY - S A KISS FROM YOUR LIPS SISTER SOOKEY Elmore Morris (Peacock 1660) Flamingos (Checker 837) Turbans (Herald 469) DONT SLAM THAT DOOR KNOCK ON WOOD SITTIN'INTHEDARK Johnny Fuller (Imperial 53S5) Willie Mabon (Chess 1627) Nappy Brown (Savoy 1176) DOWN YONDER WE GO BALLIN' (Shimmy, Shimmy) KO KO WOP SMACK DAB IN THE MIDDLE • 2? Smiley Lewis (Imperial 5404) El Capris (Bullseye 102) Count Basie (Clef 89169) ENDLESS SMOOTH OPERATOR Honey Bees (Imperial 5400) LET'S YOU AND I SO STEADY • 79 Pearls (Onyx 503) Ruth Brown (Atlantic 1113) TheR&BBook 61

EXTRAS TOP ARTISTS TOP IL&SIEiLS

SO ALL ALONE 1 FATS DOMINO (3.56S) 32 DRIFTERS (343) 1 ATLANTIC (5.742) Teen Queens (RPM 460) 2 PLATTERS (3.344) 33 SPIDERS (334) 2 KING (4.740) 3 MERCURY (4.006) SO GOOD 3 LITTLE RICHARD (3,035)' 33 SONNY KNIGHT (334)' Playboys fTetra 4447) 4 FRANKIE LYMON/TEENAGERS (2.265)' 34 COUNT BASIE (325) 4 IMPERIAL (3.979) 5 BILL DOGGETT (2.080)' 35 MUDDY WATERS (323) 5 GEE (3.213) SOUTHBOUND SPECIAL 6 LITTLE WILLIE JOHN (1.497)' 36JAYHAWKS (322)' 6 SPECIALTY (2,929) Lloyd Glenn (Aladdin 3327) 7 SHIRLEY a LEE (1419) 37 BILLY WARD/DOMINOES (318) 7 MODERN (2.358) STRANGE LOVE SCLYDEMcPHATTER (1.372) 38 EDDIE COQLEYiDIMPLES (315)' 8 CHESS (2.060) Native Boys (Combo 113) 9 RAY CHARLES (1.218) 39 WILLOWS (259)' 9 ALADDIN (1.366) STRING AROUND MY HEART - 28 10 CHUCK BERRY (874) 40 OTIS RUSH (252)' 1QVEE-JAY (899) Clef tones (Gee 1025) 11 JOE TURNER 1872) 41 AL KIBBLER (248) 11 HERALD (778) SWEET SIXTEEN 12 TEEN QUEENS (813)' 41 FLAMINGOS (248)' 12JOSIE (771) Colts (Vita 121) 13 CLOVERS (810) 42G-CLEFS (240)' 13DECCA (497) SWEET SIXTEEN 14 CADILLACS (772)' 43 HOWLIN'WOLF (229) 14 FLIP (395)' ". Sounds (Modern 981) 15 FIVE SATINS (744)' 44 BUBBER JOHNSON (200)' 15 CAPITOL (379) 16 MONEY (300) TAtNT WHATCHA SAY ITS WHATCHA DO 16 OTIS WILLIAMS/CHARMS (726) 45 LITTLE WALTER (170) Little Esther (Savoy 1193) 17B.B.KING (691) 45 BIG MAYBELLE (170) 17 DOT (299) . 18 CHUCK WILLIS (622) 46 COOKIES (134)' 18 CLEF (290) TALK TO ME 19 SIL AUSTIN (618)' 47 SONNY BOY WILLIAMSON (129) 19 FLASH (287)" Mel Williams (Dig 107) 20 CADETS)JACKS (595) 48 DINAH WASHINGTON (106) 20 ROYAL ROOST (280)' -29 21 HEARTBEATS (594)' 49 RUTH BROWN (101) 21 MELBA (224)' Ivor/Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1086) 22 DELLS (536)' 50 BUDDY JOHNSON (96) 22COBRA (217)" TELL ME WHY 23CLEFTONES (512)' 51 NAT "KING" COLE/FOUR KNIGHTS (94) 23 PILGRIM (205)' Marie Knight (Wing 90069) 23 LAVERN BAKER (512) 52 BOBBY MITCHELL (93)' 24 SAVOY (186) (E-rary Time I Heat) THAT MELLOW SAXOPHONE 24 JAMES BROWN/FAMOUS FLAMES (445)' 53MAGNIFICENTS (911" 25 OLD TOWN (136) Roy Montrell (Specialty 583) 25 JESSE BELVIN/CLIOUES (434) 54 SENSATIONS (89j" THAT'S WHAT I'LL DOfA LITTLE WORD 26 SIX TEENS <430f 55 SMILEY LEWIS (86) Shirley and Lee (Aladdin 3313) 27MQONGLOWS (403) 56BOOGALOO (77)' THERE WERE NO ANGELS 28 COASTERS (382)* 57 ANN COLE (69)' Sugar and Spice (Wing 90081/Mercury 70960) 29 ERNIE FREEMAN (379)' 58 SCREAMIN' JAY HAWKINS (55)' 30 JIMMY REED (362) 59HARPTONES (51) THREE WISHES -30 31 FIVE KEYS (354) S9FI-TONES (51)- Harptones (Rama 203) TIME WILL TELL Bobby Charles (Chess 1628) TORE UP OVER YOU( EARLY ONE MORNING Midnighters (Federal 12270) UNTIL THE DAY I DIE Teen Queens (RPM 464) THE VOW Flamingos (Checker 646) WALKING IN A DREAM - 31 Solomon Burke (Apollo 500) WALXIN'IN THE RAIN Mickey and Sylvia (Groove 4G-Q164) WALKING THE SEAT/ NOTES SPRING FEVER Ernie Freeman (Imperial 5403) THE WAY YOU LOOK TONIGHT Jaguars (R-Oell 11/Aardell 0011) WHAT IS YOUR DECISION 6-Biltedas Teenagers featuring 88-and his Gallant Crew 15-A; Ernie Freeman Combo Harptones (Andrea 100) Frankie Lymon Ba-Featuring Yvonne Mills (all 16-A; Ike Turner's Rhythm Rockers WHO OO YOU LOVE?/ 13-Atternate titles: "I Remember Atco issues) (In The Still Of The Nile)" or 91-A Dave McRae Orch. 17-A: Jimmy WrigtttOrch. I'M BAD 18-A: Ben Smith Orch. Bo Oiddley (Checker B42) "(I'll Remember) In The Still S3-A: Ray Ellis Orch. Sf-A: Orch. 19-A: Sammy Lome Orch. WHY DID I FALL IN LOVE Of The Nile" 14-A Jesse Powell Orcti. 1-Bilted as Spiders with HO-Bllled as Junior Parker Jacks (RPM 458) 16-A Jimmy Wright Orch. (see 6) Chuck Caroo A: Bill Haney Orcn. WOE IS ME-3? Su-A: Van Walls (g) 2-Alternate title: "You're Back 21 -A: Jimmy Wright Orch Cadillacs (Josie 798) 32-A Hay Ellis Ore/?. (1.2) With Me" 22-A: Al Browne Orch. WONDERFUL GIRL 36-A- Jimmy Wright Orch. 3- V: Ella Johnson/Blue Jays 23-A- Lom's Srooks/Hi-Toppers Five Satins (Ember 1008) 42-A: Jack Collier Orch. 4-A Jimmy Wrioht Orch. 24-A: Jesse Powell Ore ft. THE WOO WOO TRAIN • 33 46-A Dave Cavanaugh Orch. S-A: Jaye Raye 'Orch. 25-A' Ray Johnson Orch. Valentines (Rama 196) n-A:Jack Pleis Orcti. &-A: Orch. (1,2) 26-A- Hal Mooney Orch. WOULD YOU S3-A: Jimmy Wright Orch. (1,21 7-and The Musical Kings 27-V. Joe Williams (Imperial 5390) SB-Alternate title: "Church Bells B-A: Abie Baker Orch. 28-A: Jimmy Wright Orch, Are Ringing" S-A: Joe Scott Orch. 29-and his Ivory tones YOU 30-A: Jimmy Wright Orch. Ouponts(Winley212) S9-A: Jack Pleis Orcn. 1Q-A' Jimmy Wright Orch. 65-A- Jimmy Wright Orch. 11-BHIea as (Mr. 31 A: Howard Biggs Orch. YOU BROKE THE RULES OF LOVE - 34 68-A Jesse Stone Orch (1,21 32-A: Jesse Powell Orch. Five Keys (Capitol 3318) Rhythm) on all Fortune issues 81-AJimmy Wright Orch. 12-A: Ben Smith Qrch. 33-A: Jimmy Wright Orch. YOU'RE MINE 38-A: Hal Mooney Orch. 13-A- Abie Baker Orch. 34-A Howard Biggs Orch. Robert and Johnny (Old Town 1029) 87-V: Ella Johnson (1) 14-A: Al Smith Orch 35-A Jesse Powell Orch. YOU'RE MINE OH MINE Bobbie and Ronald (King 4961) ZING, ZING, ZING Dells (Vee-Jay 166) ZOOM -35 Cadillacs (Josie 792) The B & S Book 63

A much-maligned radio format known as Top 40" contributed to the Satins, "A Thousand Miles Away"-Heartbeats. and "Confidentiar-Sonny Knight), remarkable increase in the exposure and popularity of rhythm and blues music but the figure increased to ten during 1957 and eight in 1958, the top years for nationwide. The coiicapt of playing whatever the public wants to hear is often chart bound B & B master purchases. considered "selling out" and runs counter to the view that radio should educate This year's most profitable acquisition took place when Fee Bee Records rather than entertain the listener. But. the remaining barriers between H & B (Pittsburgh) sold their Dell-Vikings masters of "Come Go With Me" and and pop were smashed thanks to Top 40 radio. Up to this time, rhythm and "Whispering Bells" to Dot. Chess did very well with purchases from Casa Grande blues was usually block-programmed, even on WINS, where Alan Freed's four ("Happy, Happy Birthday Baby"-Tune Weavers), Philadelphia's Main Line ("Long

COME GO WITH ME (C. E. Quiet) THE DELL V1K3N6S FB-205

hours a day were an island of R &. B in a sea of pop, and only rarely was an H & B Lonely Nights"-Lee Andrews/Hearts), and Zell Sanders' Bronx-based J &, S ("Over record programmed on another disc jockey's show. Block-programming rested The Mountain, Across The Sea"-Johnnie and Joe). Gone Records grabbed the on the often wrong assumption that all those who enjoyed listening to Perry Dubs' "Don't Ask Me To Be Lonely" from Johnson, and Columbia scored with Como and would not want to listen to the Platters, and vice versa. Andre Williams' "Bacon Fat" after working a deal with Fortune Records. Top 40 radio destroyed that notion. Geared to playing only records that were Possibly the most interesting master purchase of the year was the one selling, or that might sell, the issue of musical categorization was eliminated. It involving KRC, a label formed by Lloyd Price and Harold Logan. Their first single, was thoroughly democratic, and a vast improvement over previous formats Lloyd's "Just Because," took off, and ABC Paramount took over the record for which had for years automatically segregated music. Needless to say, the fifties ' national distribution. Strangely, the follow-up "The Chicken And The Bop" did musical underdog, rhythm and blues, was its greatest beneficiary. not appear on ABC Paramount. Instead, it was released on KRC and distributed As Top 40 radio proliferated, the need for rapid and widespread promotion by Atlantic (this information was printed beneath the KRC logo on the label), one and distribution increased. For established indies who already had their national of the earliest master pick-ups in which the original label retained its identity. In network of distributors, there was no problem. But, for a small, new indie with a 1958. after only modest success, the Atlantic deal ended, and Ace handled the regional breakout and no national distribution, there was an easy way out, the line until Lloyd, discouraged by poor sales, signed an artist contract with ABC master purchase. This was a type of business which had been a Paramount and discarded KRC. part of black musical history as far back as 1921, when Lucille Hegamin's R &. B's amazing growth was reflected in the number of performers, both new "Arkansas Blues" was leased to Banner. Black Swan, and nine other labels, by her and old, who scored their first pop crossover hit in 1957. Ray Charles burst company, tiny Arto Records of Orange. New Jersey. Throughout the history of through via a rollicking "Swanee River Rock." Chuck Willis had his first with a commercial recording, in all fields of music, record companies often leased or revival of 's "" retitled "C.C. Rider." Veteran Ivory Joe sold masters which they had recorded, pressed, and released, but did Hunter did it with "Since 1 Met You Baby." Jimmy Heed landed on Billboard's "Top not have the capability to promote and distribute on a national scale. Such deals 100," first with "The Sun Is Shining." then "Honest I Do," thus marking the first usually consisted of an immediate cash payment, plus royalties for future copies appearance of a Chicago blues artist on the pop record charts. Newcomer Huey sold. This was a healthy situation for all concerned. The original label received Smith and the Clowns (featuring Bobby Marchan) hit with "Rocking Pneumonia extra capital, artists whose records were picked up quickly made the jump from And The Boogie Woogie Flu." had his two biggest hits "Short Fat a small label to a bigger one, and the purchasing company bad acquired the Fannie" and "Bony Moronie." The Bobbetles scored with "Mr. Lee." the biggest R rights to a finished and usually proven record without exerting any creative & 3 hit by a female group up to that point. One of the most unusual debut hits of energy. the year was Clarence "Frogman" Henry's "Aint Got No Home." released in late During the post-war years, master purchases were rather frequent, and some 1956. The "Frogman" sang in a variety of voices, but his frog imitation was of the biggest R &. 8 hits of the period resulted from such a deal (Pacific dealt everyone's favorite. Newcomers to the chart, but not to the record business, 's Pretty Mamma Blues" to 4 Star, and Todd Rhodes' "Blues For Mickey (Baker) and Sylvia (Vanderpool) had their biggest hit with "Love Is The Red Boy," originally on Sensation, went to King). But. as the field stabilized Strange" (reminiscent of "Billy's Blues" by Billy Stewart). Sylvia had been in the early fifties, this kind of activity became rarer. Between 1950 and the end recording for a number of labels since the early fifties (Columbia, Jubilee, Savoy, of 1955, only a handful of chart items resulted from a master pick-up. The and Cat) as Little Sylvia, while Mickey was gaining a reputation as one of the Spaniels' "Baby it's You" (from Veejay to Chance) and the Bobins' "Smokey Joe's premier session guitarists in the New York area. had her biggest, Cafe" (from Spark to Atco) being the most noteworthy examples. and last, winner "It Hurts To Be in Love," while , fresh from lead With a giant increase in independent recording activity following the birth of vocal chores*with Billy Ward's Dominoes, scored with "Reef Petite (The Finest rock and roll, master deals picked up, reaching a peak during the years 1956 Girl You Ever Want To Meet)." through 1958. In 1956, three pick-ups made it ("In The Still Of The Nite"-Five This was the year that calypso was supposed to wipe out rhythm and blues. At 64 The R & B Book

least that was the fervent hope of the few holdouts who still didn't believe that R Moore/Blazers' "Johnny Johnny" (1852l?...Lots of revivals of R & B hits in 1957: & B was anything more than a fad, the assumption being that it could easily be "Soft," "Raro-Bunk-Shush," "Please Send Me Someone To Love." "Blue Monday." replaced by another fad. But, except for the Tamer's version of "The Banana and "Everybody's Somebody's Fool." And, a multitude of pop remakes: "What's Boat Song," the calypso "trend" was really a one-artist flash, and that artist, Harry The Reason I'm Not Pleasing You," "What Will 1 Tell My Heart," "Goody Goody," Belafonte, had BO thoroughly cornered the market that authentic calypso "Again," "All Of Me," "Fools Rush In," "The Glory Of Love," "The Masquerade is performers like Lord Flea never got off the ground. Also, no one had counted on Over," "My Happiness," "Out In The Cold Again," "Pretend," "St. Louis Blues."

RECORDS 1»51 WmkHiston Are.. Bronx 37. H. Y

Pise Jockey Use Only RECORD HO. UNBREAKABLE J-1664 A 45 R.P.M.

OVER THE MOUNTAIN, CROSS THE SEA (R. Carrln) JOHNNIE & JOE REX CARVIM * M» Otch.

R & B's ability to co-opt calypso without flinching. In fact, the R & B Held had "That's My Desire," 'Too Young," "A Tree In The Meadow." "You Made Me Love experienced calypso hits as early as 's "Run Joe" in 1948. You." and "Your Cheatin' Heart'...Leon Rene, back in business with new Class label, scored immediately via solid releases by Bobby Day (the original version of "Little Bitty Pretty One") and instrumental* from his son Rafael "Googie" Rene ("Midnight" and "Beautiful Weekend")...Danny Robinson was thrilled with the BRIEFLY response to the Love Notes "United" and the Charts "Deserie" on his Holiday and Everlast labels, respectively. Meanwhile, brother Bobby introduced Fury. One of Richard Berry's calypso R *, B'er "101116 Louie" made some noise, but not as the label's early pactees was Frankie Lymon's younger brother Lewis and his much as the Kingsmen's raunchy 1963 version..Jazz era veteran Sammy Lowe, group the Teenchords...George Goldner unwrapped his Gone-End labels...Paul who gained fame as an arranger for ("After Hours" and "Don't Winiey's Winley indie made its bow...New West Coast indie Ebb saw some action Cry, Baby"), became a hot doo-wop arranger (see impressive credits in via Tony Harris' rocker "Chicken, Baby, Chicken." Other signees included notes)..., ex-lead of the Soul Stirrers, made a big splash in the secular Professor Longhair, and Floyd Dixon...RCA Victor discontinued their Groove world with his first release "," on new Keen label. Producer Bumps label and switched Mickey and Sylvia to their Vik subsidiary—Meanwhile. Vee- Blackweil had already cut the track while Sam was at Specialty, but An Rupe jay added Falcon subsidiary...Dootone became Dooto...Atlantic executives feared heat from the gospel community and would not touch it...Fats Domino's celebrated their tenth anniversary in grand style, as brought the "Valley Of Tears" featured a femme backup chorus which shocked a few R & B label its biggest hit to date "Searchin" b/w "Young Blood"...Transfers: Roy Brown purists. No one else seemed to notice...Billy Ward/Dominoes signed with Liberty to Imperial and the Penguins to Atlantic (for one single)...On the album front: Records and struck paydirt with revivals of "Star Dust" and "Deep Purple." Both Chess released "Rock, Rock, Rock," the first R & B soundtrack. Little Richard's featured lead Gene Mumford, previously with the Larks and gerenaders...Did first album "Here's Little Richard" made No. 13 on Billboard's album chart and anyone notice the similarity between Little Richard's "Jenny, Jenny" and Johnny "The Platters Vol. 2" hit No. 12. The R & B Book 65

HOT GHAUT

1 SEARCHIN'/YQUNG BLOOD 35 WITHOUT LOVE (Tnara Is Nothing) 683ACONFAT Coasters (Atco 6087) Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1117) Andre Williams (Fortune 831/Epic 9196) 2 YOU SEND ME 36 JUST TO HOLD MY HAND 69 DARLING ITS WONDERFUL Sam Cooke (Keen 34013) Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1133) Lovers (Lamp 2005) 3 SEND FOR ME 37 NEXT TIME YOU SEE ME 70 MONEY, WHERE YOU GOING?/ Nat "King" Cole (Capitol 3737) Little Junior Parker (Duke 164) LITTLE RAIN 4 BLUE MONDAY. 38 LONG LONELY NIGHTS Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 237) WHAT'S THE REASON I'M NOT PLEASING YOU Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1149) 71 THE SUN IS SHINING Fats Domino (Imperial 5417) 39 THINK Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 248) SI'MWALKIN' "5" Royales (King 5053) 72 LITTLE 3Y LITTLE Fats Domino (Imperial 5428) 40 WAIT AND SEE/ ' Nappy Brown (Savoy 1506) 6 SHORT FAT FANNIEfHIGH SCHOOL DANCE I STILL LOVE YOU 73 LITTLE BITTY PRETTY ONE Larry Williams (Specialty 608) Fats Domino (Imperial 5467) Bobby OayfSatellites (Class 211) 7 SCHOOL DAY (Ring! Ring! Goes The Ball) 41 ROCKING PNEUMONIA AND THE BOOGIE 74 OH BABY DOLL Chuck Berry (Chess 1653) WOOGIEFLU(1«2) Chuck Berry (Chess 1664) Huey Smith/Clowns (Ace 530) 8 SINCE I MET YOU BABY 75 AINT THAT LOVE Ivory Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1111) 42 YOU'VE GOT ME DIZZY Ray Charles (Atlantic 1124) 9 COME QO WITH ME Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 226) 76 REET PETITE (The Finest Girl Dell-Vikings (Fee Bee 205/Dot 15538) 43 GOODY GOODY You Evar Want To Maet) 10 MR. LEE Frankle LymoniTeenagers(Gee 1039) Jackie Wilson (Brunswick 55024) Bobbettes (Atlantic 1144) 44 /LOVE'S A HURTING GAME 77 RANG TANG DING DONG (I Am * 11 LUCILL0SENDMESOMELOVIN' Ivory Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1128)' The Japanese Sandman) Little Richard (Specialty 398) 45PEANUTS Cellos (Apollo 510) » 12 HAPPY, HAPPY SIRTHDAY BABY Little Joe/Thrillers (OKeh 7088) 73ROSIELEE Tune Weavers (Casa Grande 4037/Checker 872) 46 COULD THIS BE MAGIC Mello-Tones (Fascination 1001/Gee 1037) 13 C.C. RIDER Dubs (Gone 5011) 79 JIM DANDY GOT MARRIED Chuck Willis (Atlantic 1130) 47 DEEP PURPLE Lavern Baker (Atlantic 1136) 14 LOVE IS STRANGE Billy Ward/Dominoes (Liberty 55099) 80 ONLY BECAUSE Mickey and Sylvia (Groove 4G-0175) 48 MY DREAM Platters (Mercury 71184) 15 JENNY. JENNY/MISS ANN Platters (Mercury 71093) 81 IDOL WITH THE GOLDEN HEAD/(Whan She Little Richard (Specialty 606) 49 LITTLE OARLIN' Wants Goad Lotrtn1) MY BABY COMES TO ME Coasters (Atco 6098) 16 SILHOUETTES/DADDY COOL Gladiolas (Excello 2101) Rays(XYZ 102/Cameo 117) 50 UNITED 82 EVERYONE'S LAUGHING Spaniels (Vee-Jay 246) 17 JIM DANDYtTRA LA LA Otis WilliamsiCharms (DeLuxe 6138) Lavern Baker (Atlantic 1116) 51 LUCKY LIPS 83 JOHNNY'S HOUSE PARTY (132) (Music City 807) 18RAUNCHY Ruth Brown (Atlantic 1125) Ernie Freeman (Imperial 5474) 52 THERE OUGHTA BE A LAW/ 84 LET THERE BE YOU DEAREST Five Keys (Capitol 3660), 19 OVER THE MOUNTAIN; ACROSS THE SEA Johnnie and Joe (J&S 1664/Chess 1654) Mickey and Sylvia (Vik 4X-0267) 85 NERVOUS BOOGIEtFLATFOOT SAM 53 THE GIRL CANT HELP IT/ Paul Gayten (ftrgo 5277) ... 20KEEPAKNQCKIN1 Little Richard (Specialty 611) ALL AROUND THE WORLD 86 HUMPTY DUMPTY HEART Little Richard (Specialty 591) Lavern Baker (Atlantic 1150) 21I'M SORRY/ , HE'S MINE 54 BACK TO SCHOOL AGAIN 87 TROUBLES, TROUBLES, TROUBLES/ Platters (Mercury 71032) Timmie "Oh Yeah" Rogers (Cameo 116) I WANT TO GET MARRIED B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 492) 22BONYMORONIE/ 55 THE JOKER (That's What They Call Me) YOU 3UG ME, BABY Billy Myles (Ember 1026) 88 FOOLS FALL IN LOVE Larry Williams (Specialty 615) SS BAD BOY Drifters (Atlantic 1123) 23 LITTLE BITTY PRETTY ONE Jive Bombers (Savoy 1508) 89DUMPLIN'S Thursion Harris (Aladdin 3398) 57 WISDOM OF A FOOL Doc Bagby (OKeh 7089) 24 AINT GOT NO HOME Five Keys (Capital 3597) 90 HE'S GONE Clarence "Frogman" Henry (Argo 5259) 58 LET THE FOUR WINDS BLOW Ctiantels (End 1001) 25 FARTHER UP THE ROAD Roy Brown (Imperial 5439) 91 DUMPLIN'SIBEAUTIFUL WEEKEND Bobby "Slue" Bland (Duke 170) 59 MISS YOU SO Ernie Freeman (Imperial 5461) 26 VALLEY OF TEARS/ITS YOU I LOVE Lillian Offitt (Excello 2104) 92 WALKING BY MYSELF Fats Domino (Imperial 5442) 60 WHEN I SEE YOU/ Jimmy Rogers (Chess 1643) 27 ROCK & ROLL MUSIC WHAT WILL I TELL MY HEART 93 DONT ASK ME (To Be Lonaly)/DARLING Chuck Berry (Chess 1671) Fats Domino (Imperial 5454) Dubs (Johnson 102iGone5002) 28 STAR DUST 61SWANEE RIVER ROCX 94 BIRTHDAY PARTY Billy Ward/Dominoes (Liberty 55071) Ray Charles (Atlantic 1154) Sil Austin (Mercury 71027) 29 JUST BECAUSE 62 RAM-BUNK-SHUSH 95 EVERYBODY'S SOMEBODY'S FOOL LLoyd Price (KRC 587/ABC Paramount 9792) Bill Doggett (King 5020) Heartbeats (Rama 231) 30 ON MY WORD OF HONOR/ONE IN A MILLION 63 PLEASE SEND ME SOMEONE TO LOVE 96 ARROW OF LOVE Platters (Mercury 71011) Moonglows (Chess 1661) Six Teens (Flip 322) 31 WHISPERING SELLS 84 COOL SHAKE 97 CAN I COME OVER TONIGHT Dell-Vikings (Fee Bee 214/Dot 1S592) Del Vikings (Mercury 71132) Velours (Onyx 512) 32 TO THE AISLE 65 WHAT CAN I DO 98 TRICKY Five Satins (EmOer 1019) Donnle Elbert (DeLuxe6125) Gus Jenkins (Flash 115) 33 HONEST I DO 66 LONG LONELY NIGHTS 99 IN THE CHAPEL Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 253) Lee Andrews/Hearts (Main Line 102/Chess 1665) Ann Cole (Baton 232) 34 IT HURTS TO BE IN LOVE 67 SOFT 100DESERIE Annie Laurie (OeLuxe 6107) Bill Doggett (King 5080) Charts (Everlast 5001) 86 The R & B Book

EXTRAS

AFTER A WHILE GLORY OF LOVE LETS START ALL OVER AGAIN Joe Turner (Atlantic 1131) Velvetones (Aladdin 3372) Tony Williams (Mercury 71158) AGAIN GOT MY MOJO WORKING (But It LIKE A BABY Universal (Mark-X 7004) Just Won*; Walk On You) - 8 Vikki Nelson/Sounds (Vik 4X-0273) ALL OF ME-; Ann Cole (Baton 237) LOCO-MOTION Big Maybelle (Savoy 1512) GOT MY MOJO WORKING/ROCK ME Irving Ashby (Imperial 542S) BABY Muddy Waters (Chess 1652) A LONELY FOOL Avons (Hull 722) GUIDED MISSILES Clovers (Atlantic 1118) BABY BABY/ Cuff Links (Dootone 409) LOUIE LOUIE -75 I'M NOT A JUVENILE DELINQUENT HARD HEAD (1*2) Richard Berry (Flip 321) Frankie Lymonneenagers(Gee 1028) Jon Thomas (Mercury 71078) LOVE ROLLER COASTER - 56 BABY OH BABY HELLO BABYfREAL GONE PARTY Joe Turner (Atlantic 1146) Shells (Johnson 104) Ruth and Al (Imperial 5414) LULLABY OF THE BELLS • 7 7 BE CAREFUL WITH A FOOL HEY! BO-DIDDLEYfMONA Deltairs (Ivy 101) B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 494) Bo Diddley (Checker 860) MIDNIGHT THE BEATING OF MY HEART HONEY, HONEY (Ypu Don't Know) Googie Rene (Class 205) Moonglows (Chess 1669) Lewis Lymon/Teenchords (Fury 1003) MIDNIGHT SPECIAL TRAIN/FEELING HAPPY BEAUTIFUL WEEKEND HYPNOTIZED Joe Turner (Atlantic 1122) Qoogie Rene (Class 212) Drifters (Atlantic 1141) MY GIRL BEHIND THE SUN I AM OLD ENOUGH-9 Frankie Lymon (Roulette 4026) Daddyo Gibson (Checker 848) Schoolboys (OKeh 7085) MY GIRL FRIEND-7S BERMUDA SHORTS • 2 BAD Cadillacs (Josie 820) Delroys (Apollo 514) B.B. "Blues Boy" King (RPM 493) MY HAPPINESS BIP BOP BIP I REMEMBER DEAR -10 Jimmy Beasley (Modern 1009) Pretty Boy (Atlantic 1147) Tune-Weavers (Casa Grande 4038) ONE MORE TIME-79 BLUES DOWN HOME • 3 I'LL BE SPINNING Ruth Brown (Atlantic 1140) Dinah Washington (Mercury 71220) Johnnie and Joe (Chess 1641) ONLY JIM -20 BOOM, BOOM OUT GOES THE LIGHTS I'M A COUNTRY BOY/LONELY TRAMP Six Teens (Flip 320) Little Walter (Checker 867) Clarence "Frogman" Henry (Argo 5266) OPERATOR BYE BYE BABY I'M A KING BEE Bob Gaddy (Old Town 1031) Nappy Brown (Savoy 1514) Slim Harpo (Excello 2113) OUR ANNIVERSARY CAROL-* I'M AFRAID THE MASQUERADE IS OVER Five Satins (Ember 1025) Schoolboys (OKeh 7090) Moonglows (Chess 1651) OUT IN THE COLD AGAIN CHICKEEWAH-WAH I'M SO HAPPY (Tn-Lc-LB-La-U-LayLYDIA Frankie Lymon/Teenagers(Gee 1036) Bobby Marchan (Gale 101) Lewis LymonfTeencnoras (Fury 1000) OVER AND OVER AGAIN)! KNEW FROM THE START THE CHICKEN AND THE BOP/LONELY CHAIR I'M SPINNINGfWHEN I COME HOME - 7 7 Moonglows (Chess 1646) Lloyd Price (KHC 301) Kripp JohnsonfDell Vikings (Fee Bee 218(Dot 1S636) PACK YOUR CLOTHES CHICKEN, BABV, CHICKEN I'VE GOT TO GO-CRY Harmon "Hump" Jones (Vision 200) Tony Harris (Ebb 104) Little Willie John (King 5045) PARTY DOLL COME WHAT MAY ICE CREAM BABY -72 Roy Brown (Imperial 5427) (Modern 1022) Pearls (Onyx 511) PARTY TIME -27 DANCE GIRL' IF I SHOULD LOSE YOUI Ray-O-Vacs (Atco 6085) Charts (Everlast 5002) IT HURTS TO LOVE SOMEONE (That Don'! Lorn You) PEOPLE ARE TALKING (1 ft 2) Rollee McGill (Kaiser 592/Cameo 119) DING DONG Guitar Slim (Atco 6097) Echoes (Gee 1028) IN MY LONELY ROOM PLEASE SAY YOU WANT ME/SHIRLEY - 22 DONT SAY GOODNIGHT 4 Haven Knights (Atlas 1066/Josie 824) Schoolboys (OKeh 7076) Valentines (Rama 228) IN THE DOORWAY CRYING PLEDGE OF LOVE DONT WANT NO WOMAN/I SMELL TROUBLE - 5 Midniohters (Federal 12293) Penguins (Atlantic 1132) Bobby "Blue" Bland (Duke 167) IT WAS THERE POUR THE CORN DOWN IN THE ALLEY Johnnie and Joe (J & S1659) Hal Paige/Whalers (Fury 1002/Checker 873) Clovers (Atlantic 1152) IT WONT BE LONG/1 FOUND A HOME PRETEND DREAMY EYES Clarence "Frogman" Henry (Argo 5273) Tab Smith (United 205) Squires (Aladdin 3360) JAIL BAIT - 73 RETURN TO ME DREAMY EYES Andre Williams (Fortune B37) Emie Freeman (Imperial 5419) Youngsters (Empire 109) JOHNNY'S HOUSE PARTY (1« 2) RIB JOINT-23 EVERYTIMEI HEAR THAT SONG - 6 Jimmy Beasley/Rockers (Modern 1021) Sam Price (Savoy 1505) Ivory Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1151) THE JUICY CROCODILE THE RIGHT TIME FLATFOQTSAM-7 Cellos (Apollo 515) Nappy Brown (Savoy 1525) T V Slim (Cliff 103fCheeker 870) JUNGLE HOP ROCK ALL NITE FLORENCE Don and Dewey (Specialty 599) Shirley and Lee (Aladdin 3380) Paragons (Winley 215) JUST TO HOLD MY HAND ROCK AND CRY -2< FOOLS RUSH IN Paul Ferryman (Duke 158) Clyde McPhatler (Atlantic 1158) Malcolm DoddsfTunedrops'End 1004) KEEPER OF MY HEART ROCK ON! THE FOUNTAIN OF LOVE Faye Adams (Imperial 5443) Buddy Johnson (Mercury 71068) StarlarKs (Elm E-OD9.

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SHINDIG 1 FATS DOMINO (3.338) 34 HUEY SMITH/CLOWNS (406)* 1 ATLANTIC (7.908) Bill Doggett (King 5070) 2 LITTLE RICHARD (2,787) 35 FRANKIE LYMCN/TSENAGERS (394) 2 CHESS (4,734) SHIVER AND SHAKE 3 PLATTERS (1.800) 36 LITTLE JOE/THRILLERS (332)* 3 IMPERIAL (4.345) Linda Hopkins (Atco 6096) 4CHUCK BERRY (1.799) 37RUTHSROWN (325) 4 SPECIALTY (4305) SHOULD I EVER LOVE AGAIN? S DELL-VIKINGS (1.761)" 38GLAOIOLAS (322)* 5 MERCURY (2.040) Wynona Can (Specialty 589) « LARRY WILLIAMS (1.677)* 39 OTIS WILLIAMS/CHARM S (315) 6 KING (1.867) THE SHRINE OF ST. CECILIA 7 COASTERS (1.655) 40MOONGLOWS (298) 7 DOT (1.446) Harptones (Rama 221) SCLYDEMcPHATTER (1.408) 40 ROY BROWN 1298) 8VEE-JAY (1,407) 9 JIMMY REED (1.343) SICK AND TIRED 41 TIMMIE ROGERS (288)- 9 CAPITOL (1390) 10 IVORY JOE HUNTER (1.304) 42 BILLY S/IYLES (286)* Chris Kenner (Imperial 5448) 10 KEEN (1.162)* 11SAMCOOKE (1,197)* 43 JIVE BOMBERS (284)* 11 RCA VICTOR (1.116) SIDE-TRACK 12 MICKEY ft SYLVIA (1,169)' 44 LILLIAN OFFITT (279)* Googie Rene (Class 208) 12 DUKE (1.068) 13 LAVERN BAKER (1.131) 45 ANDRE WILLIAMS (247)* 13 CAMEO (1.058)*. SILHOUETTES 14 NAT "KING" COLE (1,054) 46DONNIEELSERT (241)* 14 ALADDIN (933) " Steve Gibson/Red Caps (ABC Paramount 9SE6) 15 BILLY WARD/DOMINOES (936) 47 LEE ANDREWS/HEARTS (240)* 15 LIBERTY (868)* A SIMPLE PRAYER 163OBBETTES (929)* 48 NAPPY BROWN (229) 16 HERALD (629) Ravens (Argo 5261) 17 ERNIE FREEMAN (919) 48 LOVERS (226)' 17OKEH (644) SO LONG, BABY •18 TUNE WEAVERS (907)* 50 CELLOS (199)* 13 GEE (613) Hearts (J&S 1660) 19 CHUCK WILLIS (901) 51 BOBBY DAY (192)* 19 ABC PARAMOUNT (569)' SO STRANGE -26 20 RAYS (823)' 52 JACKIE WILSON (183)* 20 GONE (569)* Jesters (Winley 218) 21 JOHNNIE « JOE (775)' 53 MELLO-TONES (178)* 21EXCELLO (546) 22 THURSTON HARRIS (691)* SPEEDY-27 54B.B.KING (173) 22 SAVOY (478) 23 CLARENCE "FROGMAN" HENRY (674)* BobBetles (Atlantic 1159) 55 SPANIELS (170) 23 ACE (371) 24 BOBBY "BLUE" BLAND (652)- 56 DRIFTERS (154) 24 CLASS (208)* STRANGE WORLD - 28 25 LLOYD PRICE (624) 57 JOHNNY HEARTSMAN (147)* Gene and Eunice (Aladdin 3374) 25 BRUNSWICK (200) 28 FIVE SATINS (578) 58 HEARTBEATS (146) 26MODERN (189) SUGAR-SUGAR-29 27 ANNIE LAURIE (551) 59PAULGAYTEN (141) 27 APOLLO (181) Cadillacs (Josie 812) 28 BILL DOGGETT (500) 60DQC8AGBY (135)* 23 ONYX (131)* SWEETEST ONE-SO 29 RAY CHARLES (470) 61CHANTELS (134)* 29 MUSIC CITY (112)* Crests (Joyce 103) 30 LITTLE JUNIOR PARKER (469) 62 JIMMY ROGERS (129)* 30 FLIP (104) SYMBOL OF LOVE-37 310UBS (454)- 63 SIX TEENS (122) G-Clefs (Paris 502) 32 FIVE KEYS (423) 64 SIL AUSTIN (118) TEENAGE LOVE-32 33"S"ROYALES (416) 65 VELOURS (115)* Frankie Lymon/Teenagers (Gee 1032) THAT TRAIN HAS GONE ChucK Willis (Atlantic 1148) THAT'S MY DESIRE Channels (Gone 5012) THAT'S WHAT I WANNA 8OAVHENI SAW YOU Shirley and Lee (Aladdin 33S2) THESE GOES (A Portly Girl) • 33 Enchanters (Coral 61832) THIS COULD 3ETHE NIGHT 34 Velours (Onyx 515) TOO YOUNG/YOUR LAST CHANCE Lewis Lymonneenchords (En01003) TREE IN THE MEADOW - 35 Pearls (Onyx 506) TRUE LOVE GONE (Coma On Horn*) Enchanters (Mercer 992/Coral 61756) UNCLOUDYDAY 2-A: Bumps Btackwell Omit. 72-wrtft The Zippers Quartet 11-as The Del Viking. Kripp Johnson Staple Singers (Vee-Jay 224) 3-w/M McCoy's Boys 78-A: Dick Jacobs Qrch. 12-A: Sammy Lome Qrch. UNITED A: Orch. 71-subtitle missing on some 13-A: Charlie Morris Orch. Love Notes (Holiday 2605) 9-A: Ray Ellis Qrch. pressings 14-A:S/tf Bass OrcA. WALKING ALONG 1O-A; Reggie Obrecht Ore/!. 78-/1. Hank Ivor/ Orch. 15-anrf FAe Pharaohs Solitaires (Old Town 1034) K-A: Frank Paul Orch. 82-A: At Smith Qrch. 16-A: Choker Campbell Orch. 33-Blltedas The Rhythm Rocker, WEDDING BELLS/I WONT BE THE FOOL ANYMORE 13-A: Jesse Stone Qrch. 17-A- Al Browne Orch. with The Gaytarks Heartbeats (Rama 222) 19-A: Rex Ban/in Orch.-titled IB-A: Jesse Powell Orch. "Over The Mountain. Cross 84-A: Dave Cavanaugh Orch. 19-A: flay Ellis Qrch. WHEN I FOUND YOU 85- V: Oscar Wills (Zf-sarae artist 2.0-Featuring Trudy Williams Heartbeats (Gee 1043) The Sea " on J&S issue 23-wlth The Sharps as TV Slim nut different take 21-V: Bill Walker WHEN I MEET MY GIRL 35-A: Bill Hanrey Oreft. from Checker release A: Howard Biggs Orch. Tommy Ridgley (Herald 501) 28-A Vic Schoen Orch. SB-Titled: "Don'tAskMe ToBe 22-A: teroy Kir/Hand Orch. (1.2) WHY ^-Featuring Krips Johnson Lonely" on Johnson pressing 23-andhis Texas Bluesicians Cues (Capitol 3582) ae-A; Ray Ellis Oreft. 96-Featuring Trudy Williams 24-A: Ray Ellis Orch. WHY DO YOU HAVE TO GO ST-A: Bill Harvey Orch. 97-A: Sammy Lowe Orch. 25-A: Billy Sebastian Orch. Cells (Vee-Jay 236) 38-4; Buttd Johnson Orch. 9B-with The Suburbans 26-A: David Clowney Orch. WHY YOU DO ME LIKE YOU DO MrA: Ray £IHs Orch. (1.2) 1-A; Ernie Wilkins Orch. 27-A: Reggie Obrecht Orch. Clef tones (Gee 1031) 45-/1: ieroy Kirklano" Orch. 2-A: Sammy Lome Qrch. 28-A. Ray Ellis Orch. WOULD I BE CRYING 4f-A: Vic Schoen Qrch. 3-A: Etidie Chamatee Qrch. 23-A: Jesse Powell Orch. Flamingos (Checker 853) 54-A: Bernie Lome Orch. Arranged ay Ernie 'Milkins 30-A: Al Browne Qrch. SB-Featuring Clarence Palmer 4-A: Lamy KirMana Qrch. 31-A; Jay Raye Orch. YOU CANT CATCH ME/HAVANA MOON 32-A: Jimmy \HrigfitQrch_ Chuck Berry (Cness 1645) 57-A: Van Alexander Orcti. 5-A: BUI Harvey Orch. (1,2) 84-Featurlng Sus Backus 6-A: Ray Sills Orch. 33-A: Maurice King Orch. YOU GAVE ME PEACE OF MIND - 36 A: Carl Stevens Orcfi. 7-anahis Heanoreakers 34-A: Sammy Lowe OrcA. Spaniels (Vee-Jay 229) 68-A: Partcho Villa Qrch. 8-irith The SuourBans 35-A: Sammy Lowe Orch. YOU MADE ME LOVE YOU SSt-amthis Hew Group 9-A: teroy Kirklami Qrch. 3B-A:AI Smith Orcfl. Sensations (Atco 6090) 69-A: Ray £/lls Orch. 10-A: Frank Paul Oran. 37-A: Sammy Lowe Orch. YOUR CHEATIN' HEART - 37 Pearls (Onyx 510) 68 The R & B Book

A mighty member of the Top 40 ranks gave rhythm and blues a big push in for what they consider to be the decline of "real" rock and roll. Clark did roll oui 1958. This was 's American Bandstand, which was actually Top 40 the red carpet for local teen raves Frankie Avalon, Fabian, and Bobby Rydell. and television. Simply. American Bandstand had more power to break hit records their ultimate successes are seen along with Elvis' draft, Buddy Hollv's death. than any other program in the history of broadcasting, and it could do BO Uttle Richard's retirement, and Chuck Berry's incarceration as events which led overnight. For ninety minutes a day, Monday through Friday, and for a half hour to the demise of the real stuff, until it was rescued in the sixties by in on Saturday evening, Dick Clark exposed the hottest single records to their fairness to historians, Dick Clark continually uses film clips on his anniversary largest concentrated market, the teenagers of America. If a record had golden specials which do little to dispell the idea that Bandstand was a parade of personal appearances by local teen idols and Dicks other friends Bui on balance whatever over-exposure Dick Clark may have given the teen idol contingent was more than made up for by the fact thai he exposed, via airplay and personal appearances, more unknown recording acts than had ever appeared on network television Furthermore. American Bandstand was completely integrated Bobby Freeman got to lip-sync "Do You Want To Dance." just as the Poni-Tails did "Bom Too Late." Thanks to Dick Clark and American Bandstand, television, which had been slow to pick up on rhythm and blues, suddenly became its most important booster. Veteran Johnny Otis, who had already made the transition from swing/jazz to rhythmic blues, made another to rock and roll with the Bo Diddley-like "Willie And The Hand Jive." his biggest crossover pop hit. Meanwhile, in Great Britain. the Johnny Otis Show featuring Marie Adams rocketed into the No. 2 spot with a revival of "Ma (He's Making Eyes AS Mel," one of only two American rhythm and blues issues to score in England, but not in the U.S.A. The other was "Bye Bye Baby." also by Johnny Otis/Marie Adams, which reached No. 17. These-two British-only hits were especially surprising, since American R & B originals were notoriously poor sellers in Great Britain (less than twelve percent of all American R & B crossovers between 1955 and 1959 made the British charts). On the industry front, newer, well-financed, pop indies like Liberty. ABC Paramount, United Artists, and Roulette were becoming a fixture on the rhythm and blues scene, while some of the idiom's pioneer companies started to fade. The once-powerful Modern-RPM-Flair complex had been whittled down to Kent {for singles) and Crown (for budget ). Aladdin still issued their share of singles, but had fewer hits. Soon, they would be only a memory. Specially Records also had their last successful year. They lost their biggest artist Little Richard when he decided to give up show business, and they passed up a potential superstar when they allowed Sam Cooke to get away. One of the unique stories of fifties R & B concerns the remarkable case of Tommy Edwards. Tommy had been around. In the forties, he co-wrote Louis Jordan's hit "That Chick's Too Young To Fry" with Jimmy Milliard, but he didn't grooves, the reaction was immediate. Moving a record up the charts by the attract anv national attention until he signed an MGM contract as a vocalist. In tedious process of arm-twisting and sweet-talking individual stations could be 1951. satin-toned Tommy Edwards hit the pop charts with "The Morning Side Of eliminated if American Bandstand went on the record. With this much power, The Mountain," and both the pop and R &. B charts with "It's All In The Game." Clark was extremely selective about what he played. He placed "hyped" singles For seven years following It's All In The Game," over two dozen Tommy on the "rate-the-record" portion of the show, which gave token exposure to Edwards records were issued by MGM without success. Finally, in a burst of records of questionable potential. Few of those, even the ones which scored well inspiration, the label had Tommy re-record "it's All In The Game" with a 1958 ('cause they had a terrific beat), ever became hits. For records which were beat. Shortly after its release, the new version zoomed up to the No. 1 position "added," that is, programmed for a period of time, Clark relied on more than a on both the R &. B and pop charts. Tommy Edwards had two hits with the same promo man's hype. He checked out trade paper picks, regional reports, his own song., .exact/v seven years span. ears, and local action. 11 was this "local action" which helped make Philadelphia one of the hottest hit-hustling cities in the world in 195S, and one where rhythm and blues had a decided advantage. The radio scene in Philadelphia was weighted heavily toward R&.B, with two BRIEFLY hot black-orienled stations, WHAT with George Woods ('The man with the goods") and WDAS with Kae Williams ("get outta that bed and make that bread"). Both gave local releases a solid ride, and if one of these home-grown sounds Jimmy McCracklin, blues favorite from northern , allegedly boasted made enough noise in the black community, the distributor would try to get thai making a hit rock and roll record was easy - then went on to "prove" it by WffiG, the city's leading Top 40 (actually top 331 on it. This could result in a major coming up with 'The Walk"...For the first time since 1951, Atlantic failed to Philadelphia breakout. It was a quick step from Philly breakout to American become the idiom's top label as Chess grabbed that honor thanks to a terrific Bandstand add-on. Such a record might not even exist beyond Philadelphia's city year from Chuck Berry. M would only be a temporary situation for Atlantic..."7- limits, but within a day or two it could be one of the fastest selling records in the 11" by the Gone All Stars (actually Buddy Lucas) was a unique hit for George country. Goldner's Gone-End empire. It was the only chart item lo appear on a Goldner AI Silver of Herald/Ember Records heard about "Get A Job" from his label that did not feature a vocal group. And, don't forget to credit Richard Philadelphia distributor after the disc had sold around 9.000 copies on its Barrett (ex-Valentines) for some expert production chores at Goldner's labels. As original Junior label. Al Silver tells all in Arnold Shaw's Honkers and Snouters: a solo, Barrett made a little noise with his updated "Smoke Gets In Your Eyes" on " Unbeknownst to me. the record was lying on Dick dart's desk tor two weeks. MGM...Revivals: 's "" (the first successful remake- Dick wanted to play it in the worst way, but be wouldn't because the Junior label of a posi-'SS R & B hit), "Twilight Time," "Baby Face," "Sick &. Tired," "Come Whal had no national distribution. Dick smeiled a smash hit. Anyway, in a few days, I May." "(I Love You) For Sentimental Reasons." "Bewildered," "When I Grow Too had finished pressings and airmailed several copies to Dick Clark. As soon as he Old To Dream." "Moonlight Bay," "Key To The Highway," 'The Things I Love,' saw that it was on Ember, a label with national distribution, he programmed it. "Merry Christmas Baby," "Count Every Star," "Harbor Lights," "Indian Love Call." When I walked into the office the morning after be played it. there were telegrams with back orders for about five hundred thousand records "Make Me A Present Of You," "I Sold My Hear) To The Junkman," and "Yes underneath the door. Chicago - twenty thousand; Dallas - len thousand. It was Indeed"...The Newport Jazz Festival in July opened its doors for R & B stars Joe unbelievable. The first record wasn't shipped yet Eventually, that record sold a Turner, Ray Charles, and Chuck Berry...RCA Victor put a promo push behind a couple million." new signee simply named "Tousan" with a single and album release. The artist Dick Clark and American Bandstand have come in for more than their share of was , and the album titled: 'Tousan - The Wild Sound Of New bad press, either from those in 1958 who were upset with Clark's catering to the Orleans" contained the original version of "Java"...Also, in packaged goods, "Sam juvenile masses, or more recently from rock historians who partially blame him Cooke Sings" made it to No. 16 on Billboard's top selling album chart 70 The R & B Book

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AFTER NEW YEAR'S EVE GOT A JOB THE LOVE IN MY HEART -14 Heartbeats (Gee 1047) Miracles (End 1016) Ann Cole (Baton 258) ALL OF MY LIFE HAPPINESS MAKE ME A PRESENT OF YOU Sam Cooke (Keen 3-2005) Billy and Lillie (Swan 4005) Dinah Washington (Mercury 71377) ALTAR OF LOVE HAPPY TIMES MARSHA Channels (Gone 5019) A. Tousan (RCA Victor 47-7192) Prodigals (Falcon 1011) ANYTHING TO SAY YOU'RE MINE HARBOR LIGHTS/WHIPPER SNAPPER - 7 MEMORIES OF YOU Lula Reed/Sonny Thompson Ork (Argo S29B) Lavem Baker (Atlaniic 1189) Fidelitys (Baton 256) BABY, ITS YOW HAVE LOVE, WILL TRAVEL A MILLION TO ONE HEART AND SOUL Sharps (Jamie 1108) Five Satins (Ember 1023) Spaniels Wee-Jay 301) KAVIN A GOOD TIME/WE LIKE BIRDLAND MISERLOU BAREFOOT ROCK Huey () Smith (Ace 548) Earl Washington (Checker 905) Little Junior Parker (Duke 193} HEYMARYANN MISSISSIPPI STEAMBOAT - '5 BESURE(MyLove) Sputniks (Class 217) Fention Robinson (Duke 191) Dubs (Gone 5034) HOOTCHY-KOO MUSCLE TOUGH THE BELLS ARE RINGING Larry Williams (Specialty 634) Doc BagBy(Red Top 111/Hunt 323) Van Dykes (King 5158) HUSH YOUR MOUTH MY CONFESSION OF LOVE BESIDE MY LOVE Bo Dlddley (Checker 896) Connie Elbert (DeLuxe 6161) Dubs (Gone 5020) I BELIEVE IN YOU/MARRY ME - 8 MY STARTER WONT WORK BIG GUITAR Robert and Johnny (Old Town 1052) Ligntnin' Slim (Excello 2142) Sam (The Man) Taylor (MGM 12613) I FEEL LIKE A MILLION - 9 NEVER AGAIN-16 BILA Mamie Bradley (Sue 7Q2fChess 1686) Dinah Washington (Mercury 71317) Versatones (AM Star 501) I LIVE THE LIFE I LOVE (I Low Ttw Life I Lin) NEVER LET ME GO BLUEBERRY SWEET Muddy Waters (Chess 1660) Serenaders (Chock 101WIGM12623) Chandeliers (Angle Tone 521) I LOVE YOU HONEY A NIGHT TO REMEMBER -17 BLUES, EARLY EARLY (1 42)-? John Lee Hooker (Vee-Jay 293) Five Satins (Ember 1038) Big Maybelle (Savoy 1536) I REALLY LOVE YOU OH! BABE/ BOOK OF LIES Danleers (Mercury 71356) DOWN ON THE FARM -18 Rutn Brown (Atlantic 1177) I SOLO MY HEART TO THE JUNKMAN - W Big Al Downing (White Rock 1111/Challenge 59006) BUT NOT FOR ME Silhouettes (Junior 396/Ace 552) OH GEE, OH GOSH -19 Ahmad Jamal (Argo 5234) I WONT GO ONfSHPS GOT IT Kodoks (Fury 1015) CARMEN Muddy Waters (Chess 1692) OHI WHAT A BABY-20 Ramsey Lewis (Argo 5303) I'LL FORGIVE YOU BABY Tonettes (Doe 101/ABC Paramount 9905) CHARADES' 2 Rollee MeGill (Junior 392) OLD MACDONALD - 21 Sophomores (Epic 9259) I'M S.O YOUNG/EVERY DAY OF THE WEEK -1 1 Chargers (RCA .Victpr.47-7301) ' COME BACK-3 Students (Note 10012/Checker 902) ONE DAY NEXT YEAR Castaleers (Felsted 8504) I'M SORRY Heartbeats (Roulette 4091) . COME BACK MY*LOVE Kenny Martin (Federal 12330) OO WEE BABY Jerry Butler/Impressions (Abner 1017) I'M TRULY TRULY YOURS Ivy Tones (Red Top 105) CONGRATULATIONS Robert and Johnny (Old Town 1058)- OVER AND OVER Chantels (End 1030) I'MWANDERIN1 Thurston Harris (Aladdin 3430) DADDY'S LITTLE BABY Jackie Wilson (Brunswick 55070) PAIN IN MY HEART -22 Midnighters (Federal 12317) INDIAN LOVE CALL Dells (Vee-Jay 258) DEDICATED TO THE ONE I LOVE Ernie Freeman (Imperial 5518) PARADISE HILL "5"Royales(King5Q9B) IT'S SO FINE-!2 Johnny Flamingo (Specialty 640) DING DONG Lavem Baker (Atlantic 2001) PATRICIA Quintones (Chess 16B5) ITCHY TWITCHY FEELING Youngtones(X-TrallO) DO YOU WANNA JUMP CHILDREN • 4 Swallows (Federal 12333) Ospreys (East West 110) JENNIE LEE Sedates (MRB171) DONT LOOK NOW BUT I'VE GOT THE BLUES Billy WaroVDominoes (Liberty 55136) PRETTY LITTLE ANGEL - 23 B.B.King (Kent 307) JINGLE, JINGLE Crests (Coed 501) DONT WAKE UP THE KIDS Tremaines(Cash 100/Val 100/OlflTown 1051) THE REASON Otis Williams/Charms (DeLuxe6174) JUMP FOR JOY -13 SChanels(DebSOO) DON'T YOU JUST KNOW IT Joe Turner (Atlantic 1184) REMEMBER THE NIGHT Titans (Specialty 625) JUSTINE Del-Larks (East West 116) DOWNIIN VIRGINIA Don and Oewey (Specialty 631) ROW YOUR BOAT Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 287) KEEPA-DRIVINQ Chanters (DeLuxe 6166) DOWN ON MY KNEES; Chuck Willis (Atlantic 2005) SECRET LOVE I FOUND A JOB KISS AND MAKE UP Ahmad Jamal (Argo 5317) Heartbeats (Roulette 4054) Crowns (RnB 6901) THE SHADOW KNOWS - 24 ELEVATOR OPERATOR LAWFUL WEDDING Coasters (Atco 6126) Rays (XYZ 2001) Henry Houston/Cufflinx (Dooto 438) SHPS GONE (With The Wind) • 25 EVERY NIGHT ABOUT EIGHT LEAPS AND BOUNDS (1 & 2) Fred Parris/Scarlets (Klik 7905) Joe Jones (Roulette 4053) Bill Doggett (King 5101) SHOOTY BOOTY EVERYBODY ROCK LEAPS AND BOUNDS Ivory Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1183) Jimmy McCracklin (Checker 893) Ernie Freeman (imperial 5486) SILLY DILLY EVERYONE WAS THERE - S THE LETTER/KOKO JOE Pentagons (Specialty 644) Bob Kayli (Carlton 482) Don and Dawey (Specialty 639) (Whan Your HMrt't On Fins) SMOKE GETS EVERYTHING WILL BE ALRIGHT THE LETTER IN YOUR EYES-26 Gene Allison (Vee-Jay 299) Larktones (ABC Paramount 9909) Richard Barrett (MGM 12616) GANGSTER OF LOVE • 6 LETTER TOANANGEL SNEAKY ALLIGATOR - 27 Johnny "Guitar" Watson (Keen 3-4005) Five Shillings (Oecca 30722) Ellis Bros. (ABC Paramount 9354) GEE, GOLLY LONE RANGER'S GONNA GIT MARRIED SO FAR AWAY Coasters (Atco 6111) Jimmy Johnson (Class 237) Pastels (Argo 5314) GEE WHIZ LONELY BOY SO MUCH Bob & Earl (Class 231) Castaleers (Felsted 6512) Little Anthony/Imperials (End 1036) The H&B Boole. 71

EXTRAS TOPAHT3STS TOP 1

1 CHUCK BERRY (2.588) 34 SHIELDS (486)* 1 CHESS (5.S25) SODAPOP 35 PASTELS (484)' 2 ATLANTIC (4.738) Moonglows (Chess 16S9) 2SAMCQOKE (2,060) SPLATTERS (1,716) 36QUIN-TONES (462)' 3 CAPITOL 12.511) SOMEWHERE DOWN THE LINE 37 JIMMY REED (416) 4 END (2.429) Jimmy Scot! (King 5104) 4 CHUCK WILLIS (1,609) SCHANTELS (1,370) 38 HARVEY/MQONGLOWS (414) 5 VEE-JAY (2.346) STORMY WEATHER 6 LITTLE RICHARD (1,334) 39 EARL GRANT (383)' 6 MERCURY (2.200) Spaniels (Vee-Jay 290) rCLYDEMePHATTER (1,314) 40 ROBERT & JOHNNY (358)' 7 SPECIALTY (2,022) STROLLING WITH MR. LES 8 BOBBY FREEMAN (1,302)' 41 JOHNNY PATE (332)' 8 KING (1.804) BOPPIN'ATTHEHOP 9COASTERS (1,196) 42 RUTH BROWN (330) 9 KEEN (1.465) (Emoer 1031) 10 SILHOUETTES (1.054)' 43 BOBBY HENORICKS (322)' 10 EMBER (1.267) SUBSTITUTE-28 11 TOMMY EDWARDS (1.050) 44 GONE ALL STARS (284) 11JOSIE (1.197) Lavern Batter (Atlantic 1176) 12 ROY HAMILTON (1.031) 45 NAPPY BROWN (267) 12 CLASS (1.147) 46 LEE ALLEN (248)* 13MGM (1.126) SUCH A MESS 13 FATS DOMINO (1.018) 14 BOBBY DAY (997) 46 RONALD & RUBY (248)- 14 BRUNSWICK (1.036) Lloyd Price (KRC 5000) 47 NOBLE "THIN MAN" WATTS (226)* 15 EPIC (978) SURE OF LOVE 15 NAT "KING" COLE (994) 16 COZY COLE (963) 4BSHIRELLES (223)* 16 LOVE (928)* Chantsls (End 1026) 49 THURSTON HARRIS (211) 17 IMPERIAL (913) SWITCHED IN THE KITCHEN' - 29 17 HUEY SMITH/CLOWNS (928) 18 OLYMPICS (926)' 50 MICKEY ft SYLVIA (183) 18 ACE (892) Pretty Boy (Big 617) 19 JOHNNY OTIS (918) 51FIDELITYS (182)' 19 LIBERTY (8SO) TALKIN"BOUTYOU 52 DRIFTERS (178) 20 SWAN (642)* 20 LITTLE WILLIE JOHN (911) 21 ABC PARAMOUNT (495) Ray Charles (Atlantic 1172) 21 LITTLE ANTHONY/IMPERIALS (847)* 53 LITTLE WALTER (175) TEEN AGE LETTER-30 22 MONOTONES (790)* 22 EBB (475)' Joe Turner (Atlantic 1167) 23EDTOWNSEND (774)' 55 OSCAR McLOLLIEfJENNETTE BAKER (168) 23 RCA VICTOR (463) TELL IT LIKE IT IS 24 JIMMY McCRACKLIN (736)' 56 MUDDY WATERS (164) 24 DOT (451) 57 LARRY WILLIAMS (154) 25 BATON (355) Little Willie John (King 3147) 25 DEE CLARK (734)' 28 OLD TOWN (340) 26 LEE ANDREWS/HEARTS (666) SB VALIANTS (147) TEXAS FLOOD 59B.B.KING (144) 27 SUE (304)* Larry Davis (Duke 192) 27BILLYALILLIE (618)* 28JERRY BUTLERflMPRESSIONS (616)'•60 IVORY JOE HUNTER (134) 28 UNITED ARTISTS (285)* THAT'S ALRIGHT 81RIVIERAS (123)- 29 SAVOY (249) Little Junior Parker (Duke 168) 29DANLEERS 1607)- 30BILLDOGGETT (581) 62 JESTERS (122)* 30 ALADDIN (176) THAT'S ENOUGH FOR ME 83WADEFLEMONS (111)' 31 DUKE (141) 31 GENE ALLISON (574)' 32 KENT (109) Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1170) 32 HOLLYWOOD FLAMES (510)" M PAUL GAYTEN (108) THIS IS THE END 33 JACKIE WILSON (SCO)' 65 (101)* 33 COED (108)* Isley Bros. (Cindy 3009) 34 WINLEY (104)* THUMB THUMB -37 35 ROULETTE (68)' Frankie Lymon (Roulette 4044) TICTQC Lee Allen (Ember 1039) TINA Spaniels (Vee-Jay 278) TRICKLE, TRICKLE Videos (Casino 102) THEWADDA-DOI CONGRATULATIONS TurBans (Herald $10) WALKING ALONG -32 Solitaires (ArgoS316) WALKING ON MY THIN SOLE SHOES Choker Campbell (Eyerlast 5007/Ap! 25011) WE HAVE LOVE-33 3-A: Lerof Holmes Orch. (1,21 78-A: Stan AppleOaum Orch. IS-wifA The Castle Rockers Jackie Wilson (Brunswick 55086) 7-A: Dave Cavanaugh Orel. m-A: Boogie Rene Bean 16-A- Hal Mooney Orcn. n-Bllled as Fred Paras and WHY DO EVERYTHING HAPPEN TO ME 10-4: Reggie Qorecht Orch. (1.2) 82-A: Teacho Wiltshire Orcn. (both Baton issues) The Satins B.B. King (Kent 301) 11-V: Johnny Otis 1S-8illea as Imperials on early pressings 33-A: Bumps Blackwelt Orch. le-wir/! The Poa Cats WHYDOI 91-nrirft The Newcomers IS-Featurlng Pearl McKlnnlon Lee Andrews/Hearts (United Artists 136) 17-4: Jesse Stone Qrch. 18-4: Riley Hampton Ore/1. 92-aud The Vocal Chords (1) 20-A: Sammy Lowe Orch. WISHING FOR YOUR LOVE - 34 24-A: Rene Hall Orch. 11,2) Si-Arranger: Billy Mure 21-4: Shorty Rogers Orch. Clovers (Atlantic 1175) 28-4: Billy Ford/Thunderoirds 97-A: Sammy Lowe Qrch. 22-A:AI Smith Orcn. WONDERING 37-Originally issued on Vee-Jay No. 280 99- V: Johnny Otis Zt-Bllled as Crests with Little Junior Parker (Duke 184) 2S-A: Gerald Wilson Orch. 1-Bilted as Big Maytjella Smith Johnny Maestro YES INDEED -35 29-Bil/etJ as Dandleers on Amp 3 2-A:Joe Sherman Orch. 24-f eaturing King Curtis, sax Ray Charles (Atlantic 1180) 32-4; Milton Delugg Or en. 3-Lesct: Rlchara Jones (oath ZS-vrith The Passionettes YOU BE MY BABY/MY BONNIE (also on Bruns. Mo. 55070) Foisted issues) 2S-A: Morty Cralt Qrch. Ray Charles (Atlantic 1196) 3S-A: Jesse Stone Orch. 4-A; Reggie Obrscht Orch. 27-A: Beltord Hendricks Qrch. SS-A: Charles Bud Oanl Orch. 5-A- Barry (sic) Gonty Orch. 28-w/'ft YOU CHEATED -36 6- A: Bumps Blackmell Orch. A: Howard Biggs Orch. Del Vikings (Mercury 71345) ta-A: Bumps Blackball Orch. (1.2) ^•Featuring Lennie Druss-flute 7-A: Howard Biggs Orch. (1,2) 29-4: Lee Sims Orch. YOU GOT ME (Wnura You Want M«) a-Reissue of Ola Town No. 1021 30-4: Jesse Stone Orch. Bobby "Blue" Bland (Duke 186) 48-A: Jimmy Oliver Draft. SO-A: Hotrart Biggs Orch. (1,2) 31-4: Rudy TraylorOrcn. YOU GOT ME CRYING Featuring King Curtis, sax(1) 3-A: Andy Gibson Qrch. 32-Reissue of Old Town Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 275) 54-4: Pane/to Villa Orclt. 10-A: Dave McRae Orch. No. 1034 fST) YOU GOT ME WHISTLING 57-A: Howard Biggs Orch. 1 1-A- Jimmy Coe Orcn. (1.2) 33-4: Dick Jacoos Orch. Johnny Fuller (Irma 112/Cheeker 899) 84-A: Heal Hefti Orch. 12-A: Howard Biggs Orch. 34-4: Jesse Stone Orch. YOU'RE ON MY MIND KF-andhis Rhythm Sparks 13-A: Howard Biggs Orch. 35-mth The Cookies Ivory Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1173) St-A: Stan Green Orch. 14-A- Billy Mure Qrch. 36-4: Hal Mooney Orch. YOU'RE SOMETHING ELSE Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 270} YOUNG SCHOOL GIRL Fats Domino (Imperial 5537) ZOOM ZOOM ZOOM Collegians (Winley 224) 72 The R & B Book

As 1959 opened, black popular music was once again in transition, as hard- years. Jazz pianists, Ahmad Jamal, Ramsey Lewis, and Horace Silver found favor driving piano, wailing saxophone and raunchy guitar sounds gave way with a growing segment of the black record buying community, while to gospel influenced stressing softer instrumentation (strings, pianist/vocalist captivated jazz, R & B. and pop audiences with her organs, and flutes), greater vocal manuevering (expressive note-bending on slow sensitive reading of Gershwin's "1 Loves You. Porgy." numbers and freewheeling interplay on fast ones), and call and response James Brown suffered through a series of misses between "Please, Please. choruses. Please" in 1956 and his 1959 smash 'Try Me," which became his first pop chart i

KANSAS CITY WiLB&T HARRSSON

Signs of the change were in the wind during 1958. After flopping with Little cross-over. But while most other R & B cross-over artists shared the rock and roll Richard-styled rockers "24 Boyfriends" and "Oh, Little Girl," Dee Clark scored his limelight, James remained primarily a ghetto favorite, a position which would first big hit with "Nobody But You," a light beat, rhythmic affair which utilized a yield great rewards in the coming years classy (flutes and chorus) accompaniment by the Biley Hampton orchestra. The Another hit record in 1959 which had "soul" stamped all over it was "Shout." impressions featuring Jerry Butler laid down a soul-drenched romantic ballad the first hit for the Isley Brothers. After hacking around for a few vears with Tor Your Precious Love." These hits and Gene Allison's claims to fame "You Can little to show for their efforts, they signed with RCA Victor and came under the Make It If You Try" and ''Have Faith." with their organ accompaniments and direction of A &. R team Hugo (Perettil and Luigi (Creatore). Soon, they were on inspirational messages, exemplified R & B's latest direction. Gospel elements had Billboard's Top 100. "Shout" was the wildest rocker lo hit the chart in 1959. tho also permeated many of 1958 s other hits ("It Don't Hurt No More"-Nappy Brown, its commotion was caused not by a screaming saxophone or a pounding piano, "Little Boy Blue"-Bobby "Blue" Bland, "Dedicated To The One I Love"-"S" Boyales, but by a progression of vocal gymnastics performed by the Islevs with moved-by- "Down On My Knees"-HeartbeatB, and everything by the Chamels and Sam the-spirit abandon. Adding to the fireworks was a cute fade-out, fade-in gimmick Cooke). Of course, gospel devices had often been utilized on rhythm and blues (used as early as 1939 on Glenn Miller's "In The Mood"). "Shout' was also one of recordings in the past, but this year marked the widespread use of such features the first rock and roll hits to prominently feature an organ (along with Dave and the commercial success of these experiments. "Baby" Cortez' "The Happy Organ"), an instrument common lo gospel music. Gospel R & B's leading figures Ray Charles and James Brown rocketed to the Soul-balladry, another aspect of the gospel trend, was typified by the work of top of the R & B chart in 1359 in spectacular fashion. Ray Charles did it with the . , and Brook Benton team. Belford. Clyde, and "What'd 1 Say," a brilliant example of what could be done when soul and rock and Brook wrote the tunes, Belford and Clyde arranged and conducted the orchestra, roll join forces. and Brook Benton sang. Key member Brook Benlon started his musical career in Embellished by an extremely mellow electric piano, a steamy call-and-response the early fifties with the Bill Langford Quartet. He moved over to the Golden Gate chorus handled by the Haelets, and a hook similar to the riff on Lillian Offitt's Quartet before going solo in 1955. Having recorded for OKeh. Epic, and Vik with "Miss You So" (19571, Bay's "What'd I Say" was reminiscent of both his own 1953 only hike-warm success, he met publisher-writer Clyde Otis (who wrote 'The vintage "Mess Around" and Pine Top Smith's 19ZS classic "Pine Top's Boogie Wall," which Brook had cut for Epic in 19561, and started a more productive Woogie." "What'd I Say" was Ray's greatest rack and roll achievement and it rode career as a member of 's music publishing community. From then the charts at the same time he was making giant inroads into the jazz world, until 1958, Brook sang on over 500 demonstration discs, including "The Stroll" where rock and roll was loathed (Dawn Beat magazine awarded Ray's "Yes which Otis had written with Nancy Lee. By the end of 1958, Brook Benlon was Indeed" album five stars - the tops). working as an artist and Clyde Otis as A & R director for , and The iezz field had already used the word "soul" to describe the gospel/blues things started to happen. Their first collaboration was "It's Just A Matter Of inflected jazz Round which Ray Charles popularized. His album "The Great Ray Time- Charles." released in 1958, was aimed squarely at the jazz market and featured a Even before he became a top vocalist. Brook had already achieved a large classic instrumental "Sweet Sixteen Bars" (a summary of Ray's gospel/blues piano measure of R &. B fame as the writer of "Looking Back." (with Otis and Hendricksl riffs). Alto saxophonist Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, whom jazz musicians and and "A lover's Question" (with Jimmy Williams), but in 1959 he was the most critics had selected to replace Charlie Parker (as if that were either possible or successful interpreter of his own songs. After "It's Just A Matter Of Time" (co- necessary), staked out his own territory on a twelve minute and twenty second written with Otis and Hendricks), he knocked out "Endlessly" and 'Thank You piece of itouful entitled 'This Here," which featured a moving piano solo by Pretty Baby" (both with Otis). "So Close" (with Otis and Luther Dixon). and Bobby Timmons, the tune's . The track (on " in "Hurtin1 Inside" (with Otis, Cirino Collacrai, and Teddy Randazzol. Brook Benlon ," issued on Riverside Records) was recorded live at the Jazz also composed Ruth Brown's "I Don't Know" (with Bobby Stevenson). What made Workshop in October, and was typical of the soulful, rhythm and blues derived. the Benton hits distinctive even beyond the strong material and Brook's jazz sound which would give that idiom its strongest commercial success in powerful, smooth voice was the imaginative use of strings, which added an The R & B Book 73

expansive, spacy feel to the production. individuals, who weren't necessarily the singers and/or musicians on the session, The other major 1959 achievement of the Qtis-Hendricks combine was pulled together all the elements that ended up in the grooves. In the early fifties. handing Dinah Washington her first pop hit after fifteen years as an R &. B star. record company executives and owners like Sam Phillips, , Herb Dinah's soulful delivery, surrounded by a lust), atmospheric string arrangement Abramson, . and Leonard and Phil Chess performed a similar was devastating on both "What a Diffrencs A Day Makes" and her follow-up function, but the Leiber and Sloller combine was the first production team to be "Unforgettable." She went on to have a series of major R &. B/pop hits throughout recognized as such.

the early sixties, occasionally in partnership with Benton. While the teams of Leiber and Stoller and Benton. Hendricks, and Otis were Although strings had appeared on rhythm and blues records before 1959 working their innovative magic, Berry Gordy Jr. was busy laying the foundation (Jackie Wilson's To Be Loved," for one), never before had they had such an for his empire. Berry first made his mark in the music world as a impact. For this, credit must go to Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller, who are the . He composed "Beet Petite (The Finest Girl You Ever Want To Meet)." ones most often identified as the "culprits" behind the string thing. Besides "To Be Loved," "Lonely Teardrops," "That's Why (I Love You So!," and "I'll Be creating a score of hits for the Coasters in 1959, they used strings to help Satisfied" for Jackie Wilson, and wrote "Everyone Was There" for his brother resurrect the nearly defunct Drifters. Originally formed to accompany Clyde Robert (who cut it under the name Bob Kayli). In 1959. he launched his own McPhatter, went through considerable change after Clyde left in Tamla label with a bang. His first release "Come To Me" by Mary Johnson was a 1955. Members came and went, and the group gradually sold fewer and fewer regional breakout, and Berry sold the master to United Artists for national records. By the end of 1958. they were fighting for their lives with such items as distribution. Like the Leiber-Stoller and Benton-Otis-Hendricks productions. a Welkian version of "Moonlight Baby." Something had to be done. Finally, Berry's arrangements and productions also moved away from hard rock and roll George Treadwell, the group's manager land owner of the Drifters name), His tracks featured latin rhythms, flutes, and caU-and-response choruses. Within replaced the members en masse with a different group known as the Crowns a year. Berry Gordy Jr. would do for Detroit what Fortune Records, the Motor (formerly the Five Crowns). Citya other "solid" R &. B indie, could not - prevent all the local talent from The first Atlantic release by the new Drifters featured the lead voice of Ben £. winding up on out-of-town labels. King on a song titled "There Goes My Baby." written by George Trsadwell and Detroit, a city with a sizeable black population, never reallv had a recording group members Ben £. King and Lover Patterson. With its classical string scene on the scale of Memphis, New Orleans, or Chicago, but like those hot spots, arrangement and blues vocal, it was without a doubt the strangest recording the talent was there. The Falcons were introduced to the national audience via issued by an established fifties R & B act. Was it a joke or a masterpiece? It could their biggest hit "You're So Fine," originally issued on the local Flick label and also have gone either way. picked up by United Artists for release on their Unart subsidiary Such sixties Leiber and Stoller, ace themselves, turned to the aongwriting team soul stars as Eddie Floyd, Sir Mack Rice, and were one-ume of Jerome "Doc" Pomus and Mort Shuman who constructed clever musical members of this pivotal group. themes which perfectly fit the new Drifter sound. This shouldn't be too Clearly, whether it ended up as gospel-blues like "Drown In My Own Tears." surprising, since their involvement with the group actually began in 1958, when gospel-rock like "What'd I Say" and "Shout," gospel-jazz like 'This Here," gospel- the Drifters were still the Crowns. Pomus and Shuman had written and pop like "It's Just A Matter Of Time," or a gospel-potpurri like 'There Goes Mv produced that group's recording of "Kiss And Make Up" before Leiber and Stoller Baby," the die was cast. Show time for the sweet soul music era was at hand. entered the picture (the Drifters' story has a way of getting complicated). One result of the rapid changes taking place was that sounds which were fresh Doc Pomus had been a fixture of the mid-forties New York jazz scene when the only twelve months earlier now seemed old-fashioned. A major casualty was doo- lines between jazz and rhythm and blues weren't quite so well defined. He had wop, a staple of rhythm and blues throughout the mid-fifties, now being put out been writing R &, B tunes for almost fifteen years, recording quite a few himself to pasture by violins, twelve-string guitars, tympani, African hairy drums, and for various labels like Apollo, Coral. Chess, and Savoy. Among his earliest baion rhythms. Winners were "Don't You Cry," "Lonely Avenue" (co-wrillen with Ray Charles), Coincidental with this turn was the release of an album which brought the and "Young Blood" (written with Leiber and Sloller). He and Mort Shuman transition into sharp focus. This was a packaged collection of twelve popular pre- started collaborating in 1957 and hit it big in 1959 with a succession of hits for 1959 rock and roll cuts called "Oldies But Goodies in Hi-Fi." released on Art , the Mystics, and Fabian. Starting with "(If You Cry) True Laboe's Original Sound label, its timing couldn't have been better. Love, True Love," Pomus and Shuman wrote all five remaining hits for the Ben £. Although the term "oldies but goodies" had been around (it was used in an King-led Drifters, including the blockbuster "Save The Last Dance For Me," Excelsior Records' advertisement in Billboard-February 1947), the idea for the It should also be noted that the "producer" concept had arrived. Strong-willed "Oldies But Goodies" package originated at Scrivner's Drive-in restaurant in Los 74 The R & B Book

Angeles where K-POP disc jockey Art Laboe broadcast his rock and roll radio would not be around to share in the fun. Exclusive. Gilt-Edge. Beacon, Hit, show. Drive-in customers were able to request their favorite records while National, Manor, Black &. White. Miracle, Supreme, Gotham, Gold Star, Apollo, sitting in their cars. Downtown, Super Disc, Bullet, Sittin' In With, Swing Time. Derby, Freedom, It soon became apparent that certain old records had more appeal than many Regal, Sensation. Recorded In Hollywood, United. Chance, and Trumpet would of the latest hits. Thus. Art Laboe set about assembling an album of the hottest become fond memories. Others fared better. Savoy, Excello. Herald. Old Town, oldies, and the first "Oldies But Goodies" package was born. and Dootone would hang in, while a select few reached unprecedented new

ONLY HAVE EYES FOR YOU (HirryWamn) THE FLAMINGOS

"Oldies But Goodies" was a precedent-setting album. Never before had a group heights. Diversification was the key. and R &. B indies able to make the transition of mixed label hits been presented in one package. Prior to the rock and roll era, to broader rock and roll prospered, particularly Imperial, Vee-Jay, and Atlantic. major labels owned the majority of the hit records and they obviously would not Imperial, after taking over Aladdin, would be sold to Liberty, which would then have licensed product to one of their competitors. The situation changed be absorbed by United Artists (which would eventually end up as part of EMU dramatically during the wide-open rock and roll years, as hits appeared on a Vee-Jay, the leading black-owned R &, B indie of the fifties, would make it to the multitude of labels. Many had nothing but that one hit. Consequently they were brink of super-label status until corporate problems ruined them. Atlantic would eager to make deals that could bring in extra revenue. become one of the industry's giants with the kind of annual sales figures even the Dealing with An Laboe was a "no-lose" situation, simply because, the indie majors would respect. They would do this with an impressive array of rock companies weren't relinquishing their rights to the chosen selection, they were talent though they never avoided their commitment to black music, maintaining merely lending them to Original Sound for use on that one specific album. They a solid grip on the idiom which first established them. King, Duke, and Chess still owned the cut and could press it on 45 RPM, put it out on their own album, concentrated on black music and continued to do reasonably well. or even lease it out to another label (which many did). It was the closest thing to Many rhythm and blues artists never really made it into the sixties, but a having your cake and eating it - yet there was another bonus. An appearance on significant number had something to look forward to in the new decade, the "Oldies But Goodies" package bestowed the status of "official oldie" on the especially Ray Charles, James Brown, the Drifters, and B.B. King. Some, like the selected cut, which was also strengthened by the fact that the titles were chosen Dells and Etta James, would experience impressive comebacks. Increased by the teenagers themselves through their requests. It was an all star line-up, for interest in authentic blues masters would bring to national attention many fifties sure. rhythm and blues artists, notably Howlin' Wolf, Muddy Waters, T-Bone Walker, As brilliant as this concept was, it might not have worked if other correct and Professor Longhair. And. there was renewed interest in pre-war race artists moves had not been made at the beginning. Nailing down the rights to the Five like Robert Johnson, Mississippi John Hurt, and Skip James. As for the music, it Satins' "In The Still Of The Nile" and the Penguins' "Earth Angel," the two most would take another book to comprehensively chronicle the songs, styles, and revered R &. B hits of the fifties, was a major coup which automatically musical ideas borrowed from the fifties by the sixties. guaranteed galeability. The remainder of the album cuts leaned heavily on vocal groups (they comprised eight of the twelve cuts) and included such attractive doo-wop as "Tonite-Tonite" by the Melio Kings and "The Letter" by the Medallions. The result: "Oldies But Goodies" made Billboard's aibum chart and BRIEFLY reached as high as the No. 2 position, remaining on the chart for an unbelievable 163 weeks! Before the decade ended, there were revivals of two almost forgotten B &. B tunes. Archibald's "Stack A-'Lee" (1950) ended up as "Stagger Lee," while Little THE FUTURE Willie Littlefield's "K.C. Loving" (1953) reappeared as "Kansas Cily"...First giant The rapidly developing soul movement taking place within rhythm and blues crossover B &, B hits for some veterans: "I Only Have Eyes For You"-Flamingos, helped to strengthen the field by adding yet another set of exciting musical "Say Man"-Bo Diddley, 'There Is Something On Your Mind"-Big Jay McNeely. possibilities to what was already an exceptionally rich idiom. Clearly. R &. B was "Guess Who"-Jesse Belvin, and "Poco Loco"-Gene and Eunice...Transfers: Larry in no danger of slipping from its well-deserved leadership position in American Williams to Chess, Ivory Joe Hunter to Dot, Clyde McPhafler to MGM, Jimmy music. During the final eight months of 1959, seventy-five records by rhythm McCracklin to Mercury, Five Keys to King, and Delia Reese to RCA Victor. Lois and blues artists made the top 25 of BiiJboarct's "Hot 100." compared to only a of new labels on the R & B scene: Ron and Mini! (New Orleans); Anna (Detroit): dozen by established pop artists V-Tone (Philadelphia): Gibralter, Glover. Big Top, Memo. Scepter, and Clock But, this was just the beginning. Rhythm and blues would reach even greater (N.Y.I: Neptune (N.J.): Rendezvous, Case, and Swingin' (Calif.); and Apex, and Bea heights in the sixties and seventies. Unfortunately, many of R &. B's pioneers & Baby (Chicago). The R & B Book 75

HOT CHART

1 LONELY TEARDROPS 34 SAY MAN 67 MIDNIGHT FLYER Jackie Wilson (Brunswick 5510S) Bo Diddley (Checker 931) Nat "King" Cole (Capitol 4248) 2 ITS JUST A MATTER OF TrME/HURTIN' INSIDE 35 WHAT A Of FFRENCE A DAY MAKES 68 LOVE YOU MOST OF ALL Brook Benton (Mercury 71394) Dinah Washington (Mercury 71435) Sam Cooke (Keen 3-2008) 3 STAGGER LEE 38 ALMOST GROWN. 69 TELLING LIES/ Lloyd Price (ABC Paramount 9972) LITTLE O.UEENIE WHEN THE SAINTS GO MARCHING IN 4 KANSAS CITY Chuck Berry (Chess 1722) Fats Domino (Imperial 5569) Wilbert Harrison (Fury 1023) 37 SORRY (I Ran All Th* Wax Horn*) 70 BACK IN THE U.S.AJMEMPHIS, TENNESSEE 5 THERE GOES MY BABY Impalas (Cub 9022) Chuck Berry (Chess 1729) Drifters (Atlantic 2025) 38 BE MY GUEST! 71 TURVYII 6 PERSONALITY I'VE BEEN AROUND Cozy Cole (Love 5014) Lloyd Price (ABC Paramount 10018) Fats Domino (Imperial 5629) . 72 THE CLASS 7 POISON IVY/I'M A HOG FOR YOU 39 COME INTO MY HEART; Chubby Checker (Class 804) Coasters (Atco 6146) WONTCHA COME HOME 73 REMEMBER WHEN 8 THY ME Lloyd Price (ABC Paramount 10062) Platters (Mercury 71467) James Brown/Famous Flames (Federal 12337) 40 THE HAPPY ORGAN 74 MATILDA 9 THANK YOU PRETTY BABY Dave "Baby" Cortez (Clock 1009) Cookie/Cupcakes (Judd 1002) Brook Benton (Mercury 71478) 41 PRETTY GIRLS EVERYWHERE 75 WIGGLE, WIGGLE 10 I'M GONNA GET MARRIED/THREE LITTLE PIGS Eugene Church/Fellows (Class 235) Accents (Brunswick 55100) Lloyd Price (ABC Paramount 10032) 42 WHERE WERE YOU (ON OUR WEDDING DAY)? 76 SO HIGH SO LOW/ 11 SMOKE GETS IN YOUR EYES Lloyd Price (ABC Paramount 9997) IF YOU LOVE ME Platters (Mercury 71383) 431 WAITED TOO LONG Lavern Baker (Atlantic 2033) j 12WHArDISAY(1ft2) tavern Baker (Atlantic 2021) 77 POCO-LOCO Ray Charles (Atlantic 2031) 44 YOU BETTER KNOW IT GeneandEunice(CaselOOI) » 13 THE CLOUDS Jackie Wilson (Brunswick £5149) 78 WHERE/WISH IT WERE ME Spacemen (Alton 254) 45 IN THE MOOD Platters (Mercury 71502) 14 SO MANY WAYS Emie Fields (Rendezvous 110) 79 MOONLIGHT SERENADE Brook Benton (Mercury 71512) 46 I'M READY/MARGIE Rivieras (Coed 508) 1SDONTYOUKNOW Fats Domino (Imperial 5585) 80 SHOUT (13 2) Bella Reese (RCA Victor 47-7591) 47 COME TO ME Isley Bros. (RCA Victor 47-7588) 161 CRIED A TEAR Man Johnson (Tamla 101/United Artists 160) 81 LEAVE MY KITTEN ALONE Lavern BaKer (Atlantic 2007) 4BIDONTKNQW Little Willie John (King 5219) 17 SEA OF LOVE Ruth Brown (Atlantic 2035) S2! NEED YOUR LQVJN' Phil Phillips (Khoury's 71 I/Mercury 71465) 49 I'LL BE SATISFIED Roy Hamilton (Epic 9307) 181 WANT TO WALK YOU HOMB Jackie Wilson (Brunswick 55136) 83 LOVERS NEVER SAY GOODBYE I'M GONNA BE A WHEEL SOMEDAY 50 GUESS WHO Flamingos (End 1035) Fats Domino (Imperial 5606) Jesse Belvin (RCA Victor 47-7469) 34 CASTIN' MY SPELL 15 CHARLIE BROWN 51 (Nlghi Tim* It) THE RIGHT TIME Johnny Otis (Captiol 4168) Coasters (Atco 6132) Ray Charles (Atlantic 2010) 85 DANNY BOY » 20 YOU'RE SO FINE 52 JUST KEEP IT UP • Sil Austin (Mercury 71475) Falcons (Flick 001/Unart 2013) Dee Clark (Abner 1026) 86 THE BLUEBIRD, THE BUZZARP A THE ORIOtg 21 DANCE WITH MB 53 TEARDROPS ON YOUR LETTER/ • Bobby Day (Class 241)

EXTRAS

AFTER HOURS SOT YOU ON MY MIND LET THE GOOD TIMES ROLL <1 £2) Bill Dogsett (King 5227) Joe Turner (Atlantic 2034) E. KnighUG. Kelly {Winley 238/ABC Paramount 10023) AINTOONNA CRY NO MORE GOTTA NEW GIRL THE LIGHT-75 Bobby Day (Class 255) Bobby Day (Class 252) Dinah Washington (Mercury 71557) ALLNirELONG(1fc2) 0 Lhm) HALF A BLOCK FROM AN ANGEL • 10 A LONG TIME Robert Parker (Ron 327) Danleers (Epic 9367) Nappy Brown (Savoy 1562) ANNA MACORAISQ BAD • 1 HAPPY IN LOVE LOST-16 Oscar BoydfCalvaes (Checker 82B) Sam Cooke (Specialty 667) Jerry Butler (Abner 1024) AS TIME GOES BY -2 HAUNTED HOUSE LOVE WALKED IN Johnny Nash (ABC Paramount 9S9S) Johnny Fuller (Specialty 655) Flamingos (End 1055) BABY DONT YOU KNOWfDONT DROP IT - 3 HE NEEDS ME LOVFS BURNING FIRE Wllbert Harrison (Savoy 1571) Nina Simone (Bethlehem 11052) Beverly Ann Gibson (Deb 506) BAD BOY/SHE SAID "YEAH" HOLD ME CLOSE MAGIC MOUNTAIN Larry Williams (Specialty 658) Wade Flemons (Vee-Jay 309) Medallions (Dooto 446) BAD GIRL HOLD ME MY DARLING MAMA, HETREATS YOUR DAUGHTER MEAN -17 Miracles (Motown I/Chess 1734) Jerry Butler (Abner 1028) Ruth Brown (Atlantic 2008) BE EVER WONDERFUL HOMEWORK-?? MARY ANN THOMAS Ted Taylor (Duke 304) L'Captans(DC0416JSavoy 1567) Bobby Freeman (Josie 863) BECAUSE OF YOU 1 CANT SIT DOWN MIDNIGHT FLYERIOUR LOVE-18 Tab Smith (Checker 933) Marie and Rex (Canton 502) Rivieras (Coed 513) THE BELLS (On Our Wwtdlng Dny) I CRIED LIKE A BABY MONSTER PARTY Baby Washington (Neptune 104) Nappy Brown (Savoy 1575) Bill Doggett (King 5176) BELLS, BELLS, BELLS (The B*ll Sang) I KNEEL AT YOUR THRONE MY BABY'S GOT SOUL Billy ant) Ullie (Swan 4036) JOB Medlin (Mercury 71415) Larry Williams (Chess 1736) BIG BOY PETE/FARMER JOHN I LOST SIGHT ON THE WORLD MY LOVE WILL NEVER DIE/BYE BYE BABY Don and Dewey (Specialty 659) Bobby "Blue" Bland (Duke 300) Channels (Fury 1021) BROKEN ARROW I TOLD YOU BABY MY TYPE OF GIRL Chuck Berry (Chess 1737) Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 304) Memos (Memo 34891) BROKEN-HEARTED MELODY I TOOK YOUR LOVE FOR A TOY NEEDED -19 (Mercury 71477) Five Keys (King 5251) Voice Masters (Anna 102) {They're Writing Song* Ol Lorn) BUT NOT FOR ME I WANNA BE THE ONLY ONE NEVER LET GO Flamingos (End 1040) (Derrick IQQQ/Vee-Jay 325) Chantels (End 1037) CATWALK I WANT TO GO HOME NOMOREDOGGIN* Lee Allen (Ember 1057) Charles Btown/Amos Milbum (Ace 561) Rosco Gordon (Vee-Jay 316) CITY LIGHTS -4 I WANT YOU SO BAD NO MORE IN LIFE Ivory Joe Hunter (Dot 15880) ' James BrownfFamous Flames (Federal 1234B) •LlttieWlllleJohn(KIAg5179) ' CLOUDS IN MY HEART I WAS WRONG NO REGRETS Muddy Waters (Chess 1724) Jerry Butler (Abner 1030) Little Willie John (King 5170) COME BY HERE I'LL NEVER STOP WANTING YOU OH, WHAT A FOOL B.B. King (Kent 319) Moonglows (Chess 1717) Impalas (Cub 9033) COME SOFTLY TO ME • 5 I'M COMING HOME-72 . OOH-SHA-LALA Richard BarreUfChanlels (Gone 5056) Mary Johnson (United Artists 175) Mickey and Kitty (Atlantic 2024) CRAZY MIXED UP WORLD I'M CONFESSIN (Tn»t I Low. You) PIANO SHUFFLE Little Walter (Checker 919) Chantels (End 1048) Dave "Baby" Cortes (Clock 1014) CUTE LITTLE WAYS I'M SORRY PIPE DREAMS Hank BallaroVMIdnighters (King 5245) BoDiddley(Checker914) Jimmy Beck (Champion 1002) DARLING, I WANT TO GET MARRIED I'M YOUR SLAVE/OUR ANNIVERSARY PLEASE, MR. JOHNSON - 28 Heartbeats (Guyden 2011) Fiestas (Old Town 1039) Cadillacs (Josie 861) DEDICATED TO THE ONE I LOVE • 6 I'VE COME OF AGE-73 A PRAYER AND A JUKE BOX Snirelles (Scepter 1203) Billy Storm (Columbia 41356) Little Anthony/Imperials (End 1047) DO YOU REMEMBER I'VE GOT TO CHANGE PUPPY LOVE L.C. Cook (Checker 903) James Brown/Famous Flames (Federal 12352) Little Jimmy/Tops (V-Tone 102) DREAM GIRL IS IT REAL RAINBOW RIOT (IS 2) Robert and Johnny (Old Town 1068) Bobby "Blue" Bland (Duke 310) Bill Doggett (King 5159) EBBTIDE ISLAND OF LOVE THE REAL THING Babby Freeman (Josie 872) Sheppards (Apex 7750) "5"Royales(Klng5162) EMBRACEABLEYOU "IT" RETURN OF STAGOLEE Solitaires (Old Town 1066) Ron & Bill (Tamla 54025/Argo 5330) Titus Turner (King 51B6) EVENING RAIN -7 ITS TOO LATE ROMEO- 21 Earl Grant (Decca 30819) Tarheel Slim and Little Ann (Fire 1000) Cadillacs (Josie 866) EVERYTHING GONNA BE ALRIGHT JACK O1 DIAMONDS ROOSTER BLUES Little Walter (Checker 930) Ruth Brown (Atlantic 2026) Lightnln' Slim (Excello 2169) FIVE LONG YEARS JAY WALKER -14 SAY MAN, BACK AGAIN Little Junior Parker (Duke 306) Cadillacs (Josie 857) Bo Dlddley (Checker 936) 5-10-15 HOURS JUST FOR YOUR LOVE SERMONETTE-22 Ruth Brown (Atlantic 2015) Falcons (Chess 1743) Delia Reese (Jubilee 5345) FLOWER OF LOVE -8 JUST ONE KISS SHADOWS Crests (Coed 511) Chuck Willis (Atlantic 2029) Five Satins (Ember 1056) FUNNY -8 KANSAS CITY SHAKE A HAND Jesse Belvin (RCA Victor 47-73B7) Little Richard (Specialty 664) Little Richard (Specialty 670) GEORGIA SLOP/LETS DO IT (The Chicken Scratch) KING OF FOOLS SHOMBALOR Jimmy McCracklin (Mercury 71516) Sam Hawkins (Gone 5042) Sherif {(Ravels (Vee-Jay 306) GILEE KNEE SOCKS SHORT CIRCUIT Sonny Spencer (Memo 17984) Ideals (Checker 920) Lee Allen (Ember 1047) The R & B Book 69

HOTCHART

1YAKETYYAK 35 DOWN THE AISLE OF LOVE 681 MET HIM ON A SUNDAY (Rontia-Romte) Coasters (Atco 6116) Cuin.Tones (Red Top 108/Hun! 321) Shirelles (Tiara 6112/Decea 30588) 2 TWILIGHT TIME 36 CAROL 89 WALKIN' WITH MR. LEE Platters (Mercury 71289) Chuck Berry (Chess 1700) Lee Allen (Ember 1027) 3 IT'S ALL IN THE 6AMB 37 TEN COMMANDMENTS OF LOVE 70 YOU'RE MAKING A MISTAKE PLEASE LOVE ME FOREVER Harvey/Moonglows (Chess 1705) Platters (Mercury 71320) Tommy Edwards (MGM 12668) 38 BETTY AND DUPREE 71 HAVE FAITH 4 GET A JOB Chuck Willis (Atlantic 1168) Gene Allison (Vee-Jay 273) Silnouettes (Junior 391/Ember 1029) 39 THE END 72 HELPLESS 5 A LOVER'S QUESTION Earl Grant (Decca 30719) Platters (Mercury 71246) Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1199) 40 I'M GONNA GET MY BABYf 73 DO WHAT YOU DID 6 ROCK-IN ROBIWOVER AND OVER ODDS AND ENDS Thurston Harris (Aladdin 3399) Bobby Day (Class 229) Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 298) 74 NEED YOUR LOVE 7 LOOKING BACK 41 TEAR DROPS BobDy Freeman (Josie 844) Nat -King" Cole (Capitol 3939) Lee Andrews/Hearts (Argo lOOOfChess 1675) 75 DONT YOU KNOW YOCKOMO 8 SWEET LITTLE SIXTEEN 42 YOU CAN MAKE IT IF YOU TRY Huey (Piano) Smith/Clowns (Ace 553) Chuck Berry (Chess 1683) 'Gene Allison (Vee-Jay 256) 76 YES, MY DARLING BIOPSY (14 2) 43 LONELY ISLANDJYOU WERE MADE FOR ME Fats Domino (Imperial 5492) Cozy Cole (Love 5004) Sam Cooke (Keen 3-4009) 77 BEWILDERED 10 / 44 OOH! MY SOUL/TRUE, RNE MAMA Mickey and Sylvia (Vik 4X-0324) HANG UP MY ROCK AND ROLL SHOES Liltle Richard (Specialty 633) Chuck Willis (Atlantic 1179) 7BWHENIGROWTQO OLD TO DREAM 45 BABY FACErTLL NEVER LET YOU GO Ed Townsend (Capitol 4048) * 11 WILLIE AND THE HAND JIVE Little Richard (Specialty 645) 79 DRIP DROP/MOONLIGHT BAY Johnny Otis (Capitol 3966) 46 SWINGING SHEPHERD BLUES Drifters (Atlantic 1187) ' 12 TEARS ON MY PILLOW Johhny Pate Quintet (Federal 12312) Little Anthony/Imperials (End 1027) 80 KEY TO THE HIGHWAY 47 WE BELONG TOGETHER Little Walter (Checker 904) 13 DO YOU WANT TO DANCE Robert and Johnny (Old Town 1047) 81 HEY 6IRL -HEY BOY Bobby Freeman (JosieB35) 48 ITCHY TWITCHY FEELING Oscar McLollieUennette Baker (Class 228) 14 WIN YOUR LOVE FOR ME Bobby Hendricks (Sue 706) Sam Cooke (Keen 3-2006) 82 THE THINGS I LOVE 49 EVERY NIGHT (I Pray) Fidelitys (Baton 252) ' 15 WESTERN MOVIES Chattels (End 1015) 83THISISTHENITE Olympics (Demon 1508) 50 THIS LITTLE GIRL'S GONE ROCXINV Valiants (Keen 34004) 16 BOOK OF LOVE WHY ME Monotones (Mascot 124/Argo 5290) 84 DIZZY, MISS LIZZY* Ruth Brown (Atlantic 1197) SLOWDOWN 1? DONT LET GO 51 MY LIFE Larry Williams (Specialty 626) Roy Hamilton (Epic 9257) Chuck Willis (Atlantic 1192) 850 W«nn») DANCE WITH THE TEACHER 18 MAYBE 52 SICK AND TIREOmO. NO Olympics (Demon 1512) Cnanlels (End 1005) Fats Domino (Imperial 5515) 86 CLOSE TO YOU 19 NOBODY BUT YOU 53 BETTY LOU GOT A NEW PAIR OF SHOES" Muddy Waters (Chess 1704) Dee Clark (Abner 1019) Bobby Freeman (Josie 841) 07 MERRY CHRISTMAS BABY/ 20 DONT YOU JUST KNOW IT 54 TRY THE IMPOSSIBLE • RUN RUDOLPH AUN . Huey (Piano) Smith/Clowns (Ace 545) Lee Andrews/Hearts (Casino 452/U. A. 123) Chuck Berry (Chess 17)4) 21 JOHNNY B. GOODE 55?-11(M«nboNo.5) 88 COUNT EVERY STAR Chuck Berry (Chess 1691) Gone All Stars (Gone 5016) Rlvieras (Coed 503) 22 THE WALK SB YOU'RE A SWEETHEART 89 THE PLEA Jimmy McCracklin (Checker BBS) Little Willie John (King 5142) Jesters (Winley 225) 23 GOOD GOLLY. MISS MOLLY 57 COME WHAT MAY 90ROCKHQUSEN Little Richard (Specialty 624) Clyde McPhatter (Atlantic 1185) Ray Charles (Atlantic 2006) 24 I'LL COME RUNNING BACK TO YOU/FOREVER SB I LOVE YOU SO 91 HERE I STAND Sam Cooke (Specialty 619! Chantels (End 1020) Wade Flemons Vee-Jay 295) 25 TALK TO ME. TALK TO ME 59 0 Lorn You) FOR SENTIMENTAL REASONS/ 92 PLEASE ACCEPT MY LOVE) Little Willie John (King S108) DESIRE ME YOU'VE BEEN AN ANGEL 2SLADEEOAH Sam Cooke (Keen 34002) B.B. King (Kent 315) Billy and Lillie (Swan 4002) 80 THE BIG BEAT/I WANT YOU TO KNOW 93 WINDY 27 FOR YOUR PRECIOUS LOVE Fats Domino (Imperial 5477) Paul Gayten (Argo 5300) Jerry Butler/Impressions (Falcon/Abner 1013) «1 IT DONT HURT NO MORE 94 A MILLION MILES FROM NOWHERE 28 FOR YOUR LOVE Nappy Brown (Savoy 1551) Brook Benton (Vik 4X-0311) Ed Townsend (Capitol 3926) 621 WISH/ITS RAINING OUTSIDE 95 YES! WANT YOU 29 ONE SUMMER NIGHT Platters (Mercury 71353) Ivory Joe Hunter (Atlantic 1191) Danleers (Amp 3 2115/Mercury 71322) 63 LOLLIPOP 96 BEAUTIFUL DELILAH 30 BUZZ-BUZZ-BUZZ Ronald and Ruby (RCA Victor 47-7174) Cnuck Berry (Chess 1697) Hollywood Flames (Ebb 119) 64 PLEDGING MY LOVE 97 REMEMBER 31 YOU CHEATED Roy Hamilton (Epic 9294) Velours (Onyx 520/Orbit, Cub 9001) Shields (Tender 513/Dot 15805) 55 LITTLE MARY 98 BLIP BLOP 32 TO BE LOVED Fats Domino (Imperial 5526) Bill Doggett (King 5138) Jackie Wilson (Brunswick 55052) 66 SWEET LITTLE ROCK AND ROLUJOE JOE GUN 99 CRAZY COUNTRY MOP 33 HOLD IT Chuck Berry (Chess 1709) Johnny Otis (Capitol 4060) Bill Doggett (King 5149) 87 HARD TIMES (Tim Stop) 100 LITTLE BOY BLUE 34 BEEN SO LONG Noble "Thin Man" Watts (Baton 249) Bobby "Blue" Bland (Duke 196) Pastels (Mascot 123/Argo5287) The R&B Book 77

EXTRAS TOP ARTISTS TOP OVBE1-S

SKUMBQ 1 LLOYD PRICE (4,037) 29 EUGENE CHURCH (663j- 1 ATLANTIC (7,929) Google Rene (Class 248) 2BROOKSENTON (3.597) 30 BIG JAY McNEELY (647) 2 MERCURY (6.928) SLOW MOTION 3 FATS DOMINO (2.876) 31IMPALAS (601)" 3 ABC PARAMOUNT (3.S93) Wade Flemons (Vee-Jay 321) 4 JACKIE WILSON (2.853) 32 MIDNIGHTERS (548) 4 BRUNSWICK (2.942) 5 COASTERS (2.056) 33 RUTH BROWN (500)* 5 IMPERIAL (2.701) SMOOTH OPERATOR 6LAVERNBAKER (1.749) Sarah Vaughan (Mercury 71519) 34 (484)* SKING (2.477) 7 PLATTERS (1,747) 35 JESSE BELVIN (448) 7 UNITED ARTISTS (2.098) SO NEAR AND YET SO FAR S DRIFTERS (1.720) 36 SILLY a LILLIE (373) 8 CHESS (1.957) Little Anthony/Imperials (End 1053) 9 RAY CHARLES (1.642) 37 CADILLACS (349) 9 COED (1.520) SO YOU WILL KNOW 10 CHESTS (1,406)* 38 CLOVERS (339) 10 RCA VICTOR (1.453) Paragons (Wlnley 240) 11 SAM COOKE (1.349) 39 NAT "KING" COLE (308) 11 KEEN (1,227) STRANDED 12 MAR V JOHNSON (1,114)* 40 COZY COLE (264) 12 VEE-JAY (1.195) Little Junior Parker (Duke 309) 13 WILBERT HARRISON (1,095)* 41 LITTLE WILLIE JOHN (259) 13 FURY (1.077)* SUGAREE 14 DEE CLARK (1.077) 42CHUBBY CHECKER (253)' 14 END (1.048) Hank BallardfMldnlghters (King 521S) 15 CHUCK BERRY (1.054) 42RIVIERAS (253) 15 BIG TOP (974)" SUMMER'S LOVE 16 SAMMY TURNER (1,044)* 43 COOKIE/CUPCAKES (250)* 16 ALTON (861)* Richard BarretUChamels (Cone 5060) 17 JAMES BROWN* 44 ACCENTS (247)* 17 CLASS (822) SUMMERT1ME(1C2) FAMOUS FLAMES (956) 44 BOBBY DAY (247) 18 OLD TOWN (779) 18 DINAH WASHINGTON (906.1) 45 GENE S EUNICE (241) 19MGM (684) Sam Cooke (Keen B-21Q1) ISCLYDEMcPHATTER (906) 46 ROY HAMILTON (240) 20 CLOCK (666)" SWEET ANNIE LAURIE • S3 20 SPACEMEN (896)* 47ISLEYBROS. (229)* 21SWINSIN- (612)' Sammy Turner (Big Top 3007) 21 FLAMINGOS (889) 48 BOBBY "BLUE" BLAND (202) 22 RENDEZVOUS (449)* SWEET HOME CHICAGO 22 (879)* 49 JOHNNY OTIS (200) 23 CAPITOL (439) Llttla Junior Parker (Duke 301) 23BODIDDLEY (839) 50 SIL AUSTIN (199) 24JOSIE (365) TAKE OUT SOME INSURANCE 24 PHIL PHILLIPS (830)* 51 JIMMY BARNES (178)* 25 SWAN (338) Jimmy Reed (Vee-Jay 314) 25 FALCONS (801)' 52PAULGAYTEN (151) 26 EPIC 1239) THAT'S ALL I WANT 28NINASIMONE (768)* 53 BOBBY PETERSON (141)" 27 DUKE (235) Bobby Day (Class 245) 27 FIESTAS (763)* 54GENIES (139)* 28 LOVE' (229) 28 DAVE "BABY" CORTEZ (736)* SSDUBS (127) 29 PARK WAY (218) THAT'S ENOUGH -24 Ray Charles (Atlantic 2022) 30JUDD (215)* 31 CASE (206)* THERE GOES MY LOVE 32GIBRALTER (143)* Fantastlcs (RCA Victor 47-7572) 33ANNA (133)* THERE rVE SAID IT AGAIN -25 34V-TONE (123)* Sam Cooke (Keen 82105) 35 SPECIALTY (119) THIRD MAN THEME Mlctcay Baker (Atlantic 2042) THIS IS MY CONFESSION Nappy Brown (Savoy 1569) THIS SHOULD GO ON FOREVER Guitar Gable (Excello 2153) THIS TIME OF THE YEAR -28 Brook Benton (Mercury 71554(71558) THE TIME Baby Washington (Neptune 101) TIME MARCHES ON Roy Hamilton (Epic 9323) .. 5NGTE-S TO MAKE A LONG STORY SHORT Eddie/Starlltes (Scepter 1202) TREES Spaniels (Vee-Jay 310) TRULY IN LOVE 1-A Diets Jacobs Qectt. S1-«fi'fn The Raytettes (formerly voice of Johnny Maestro Robert and Johnny (Old Town 1065) 3-A: Don Costa Orch. known as The Cookies) 9-A- Shorty Rogers Orch. 9-Arranger: Don Costa 52-^: Riley Hampton Otch. TWELVE MONTHS OF THE YEAR 10-X): Chuck Sagle Orch. 9-A: BeHord Hertdeicks Orch. 04-A: Oste Johnson Orch. 11-trlththe"Go8oys" Harvey (Chess 1725) 1C-A- Don Costa Orch. (1.21 87-/S: Dave Cavanaugh Orch. 12-wifft The Rayber Voices TWICE AS NICE -H7 15-A- Glenn OsserOrch. W-A: Bumps Blacrmetl Orch. 13-A- Frank Devol Orch. Clyde McPhatter(MGM 12816) 17-wrtn The twilights 79- A: Al Semela Otch. 14-A- Jesse Powell Orch. WALKING THRU THE PARK 30-Music Director. Sax Karl 82-A: Joe Sherman Orch. 15-A- Belford HemlrtcKs Orch. Muddy Waters (Chess 1718) 21-A: Dick Jacobs Orch. 84- V: Johnny Otis/Marci Lee 16-A- Riley Hampton Orch. WE TOLD YOU NOT TO MARRY 23-AHernate title: "Porgy" 93-Aeranger: Sammy Lowe 17-A- Bitty Mure Orch. Titus Turner (Glover 201) Sf-Produced by Jerry Leiber St-A: flay Bills Orch. 18-A: George Paxton Orch. (1.2) WHAT MAKES YOU SO TOUGH ana Mike Stotler 1-Oscar Boyd erect/tea only on 19-Armnged/conrJucterJ by Teddy Humphries (King 5182) (ell Big Top issues) "So Bad" Sammy Lowe& Raquet Davis WISHFUL THINKING 31-V: Little Sonny Warner 2-A: Don Costa Orcft. 20-A: Billy Mure Orch. Little Anthony/Imperials (End 1039) 33-mth The Rayber Voices 3-Heissue of Savoy 21-A: Jesse Powell Orch. 37-A- Leroy Holmes Qrch. No. 1138 f'54) (2)' 22-Music Director: Billy floe* WONDERINYBY THE LIGHT OF THE SILVERY MOON aa-A: Sid Feller Qrcti. (1.2) 4-A: Milton Rogers Orch. Little Richard (Specialty 650) 23-and The Twisters /K-Arranger: Don Costa S-Chentels not credited on 24-wrtfi The Raylettes WORRY WORRY/I AM 44- A: Dick Jacobs Orch. some pressings 25-A: Don Ralfte Orch. B.B.King (Kent 317) 45-Arranger: Rene Hall 6-A: Stan Green Orch. 2B-A: Belford Hendriclis Orch. WOULD YOU SELIEVE IT (I Ham A Cold) 47-mln The ftayber Voices 7-A: Charles Bud Bant Orch. 27-A: Ray Ellis Orch. Huey (Piano) Smith/Clowns (Ace 562) SO-A: Snorty Rogers Orch. 8-Billea as Crests with the lead 28-A: Qrch. YOCKYDOCX<142) Bill Doggett (King 5256) YOU MADE ME LOVE YOU - 28 Nat "King" Cole (Capitol 4184) YOU'RE MINE Falcons (Unart 2022)