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Home , ALT Linux, Gentoo Linux, Lycoris (company), Red Hat Linux, Turbolinux

What is -

• OS is the interface between hardware and user • All computers need an OS • OSes are used to run applications and control hardware • Popular OSes include Windows, Linux, Mac OSX • Linux is Open source The Historical Development of Linux

• In the early 1990s, Torvalds became interested in a freeware product called Minix were written by Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Developed by Andrew S.Tanenbaum, Minix was a clone of the commercial operating system. • Linux version 0.02, released on October 5, 1991, consisted of only the Linux kernel and three utilities: ■ : a command-line interface ■ update : a utility for flushing buffers ■ gcc : a C++ compiler

2

What is GNU?

• GNU Project: Richard Stallman on September 27th 1983. • The GNU Project was launched in 1984 to develop a complete Unix-like operating system which is : the GNU system. • GNU's kernel isn't finished, so GNU is used with the kernel Linux. The combination of GNU and Linux is the GNU/Linux operating system, now used by millions. • www.gnu.org

4 Richard Stallman, father of the GNU Project

5 Linux Distributions

• Today there are hundreds of different distributions available popular Linux distributions include

■ SUSE Linux ■ TurboLinux ■ Fedora Linux ■ Mandrake Linux ■ Enterprise Linux ■ Linux ■ Linux ■ CentOS ■ ■ ALT Linux ■ Linux ■ ■ Linux

6 Distributions..

– Software Packages – Installer – Re-configure – Update/Patch – Commercial Software – User Guide

7 Where Linux is used Where Linux is used Linux in the “wild” Linux in the “wild” Linux in the “wild” Linux in the “wild”

Red Hat Linux

• A 2001 study of 7.1 found that this distribution contained 30 million source lines of code.[101] Using the Constructive Cost Model, the study estimated that this distribution required about eight thousand human-years of development time. According to the study, if all this software had been developed by conventional proprietary means, it would have cost about $1.38 billion (2011 US dollars) to develop in the United States. CentOS

• Community Enterprise Operating system • “Free” version of • Version 6 • Centos.org Ubuntu