Eine Studie Über Die Übersetzung Und Rezeption Der Dichtung Friedrich Hölderlins in China Han Liu

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Eine Studie Über Die Übersetzung Und Rezeption Der Dichtung Friedrich Hölderlins in China Han Liu Dissertationen der LMU Band 32 Han Liu Die Position des Übersetzers in der Rezeption Eine Studie über die Übersetzung und Rezeption der Dichtung Friedrich Hölderlins in China Han Liu Die Position des Übersetzers in der Rezeption. Eine Studie über die Übersetzung und Rezeption der Dichtung Friedrich Hölderlins in China Dissertationen der LMU München Band 32 Die Position des Über setzers in der Rezeption Eine Studie über die Übersetzung und Rezeption der Dichtung Friedrich Hölderlins in China von Han Liu Herausgegeben von der Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 80539 München Mit Open Publishing LMU unterstützt die Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München alle Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der LMU dabei, ihre Forschungsergebnisse parallel gedruckt und digital zu veröffentlichen. Text © Han Liu 2018 Erstveröffentlichung 2019 Zugleich Dissertation der LMU München 2018 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet abrufbar überhttp://dnb.dnb.de Herstellung über: readbox unipress in der readbox publishing GmbH Am Hawerkamp 31 48155 Münster http://unipress.readbox.net Open-Access-Version dieser Publikation verfügbar unter: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-244047 978-3-95925-117-4 (Druckausgabe) 978-3-95925-118-1 (elektronische Version) Inhaltsverzeichnis Danksagung ........................................................................................... 1 1 Einleitung .......................................................................................... 3 1.1 Friedrich Hölderlin in China ....................................................... 3 1.2 Fragestellung und Struktur dieser Arbeit .................................. 5 1.3 Forschungsstand der Hölderlin-Rezeption in China .................. 6 1.4 Zur Rezeptionsgeschichte von Hölderlins Werken. Ein kurzer Rückblick ......................................................................... 8 1.4.1 Geschichte der Rezeption und Edition vor dem 20. Jahrhundert .............................................................. 8 1.4.2 Die Wiederentdeckung: Hölderlin-Rezeption und Edition im 20. Jahrhundert ........................................... 11 1.4.2.1 Die drei historisch-kritischen Ausgaben ......... 11 1.4.2.2 Die Rezeption im 20. Jahrhundert .................. 13 2 Hölderlin-Rezeption und die Übersetzung seiner Werke in China ........................................................................................... 19 2.1 Eine Vorgeschichte: Hölderlin in der Qing-Zeit und in der Republik China ........................................ 19 2.1.1 Hölderlins erste Erwähnung in China ........................... 21 2.1.2 Die fragmentarische Vorstellung in den ersten dreißig Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts ............................ 22 2.1.3 Feng Zhi als Pionier: die erste Übersetzung der Dichtung Hölderlins ...................................................... 23 2.1.4 Der Durchbruch in der Rezeptionsgeschichte: Ji Xianlins Bachelorarbeit „The Early Poems of Hölderlin“ ...................................................................... 25 2.1.5 Hölderlin im chinesischen Zeitgeist während des Krieges: Li Changzhi und Hölderlins Die Eichbäume .... 27 2.1.6 Die „Abwesenheit“ Hölderlins in China vor den 1950er-Jahren ............................................................... 28 2.2 Die Übersetzung und Rezeption Hölderlins in der Volksrepublik bis in die 1990er-Jahre ...................................... 31 VI Inhaltsverzeichnis 2.2.1 Hölderlin in „Die kurze Geschichte der deutschen Literatur“ von Feng Zhi ................................................. 31 2.2.2 Qian Chunqi: systematische Übersetzung von Hölderlins Gedichten .................................................... 32 2.2.3 Yang Yezhi: erste Diskussion und Forschung zu Hölderlins Dichtung ................................................. 35 2.2.4 Gu Zhengxiang: „Ausgewählte Gedichte von Hölderlin“ als erster Einzelband von Hölderlins Gedichten ..................................................................... 37 2.2.5 Eigenschaften der Hölderlin-Übersetzung und Rezep - tion von den 1950er- bis zu den 1990er-Jahren .......... 39 2.3 Die Blütezeit der Hölderlin-Übersetzung vom Ende der 1990er-Jahre bis heute ............................................................ 40 2.3.1 Die Hölderlin-Übersetzung von Dai Hui, Xian Gang, Lin Ke ............................................................................. 40 2.3.1.1 Hölderlins Werke von Dai Hui......................... 40 2.3.1.2 Turmgedichte von Xian Gang .......................... 42 2.3.1.3 Lin Ke und die übersetzte Lyriksammlung Das Andenken ................................................. 43 2.3.2 Liu Haoming und Die späte Dichtung Hölderlins ......... 45 2.3.2.1 Der Sprachstil in der Übersetzung von Liu Haoming und die Sprachebenen der späten Dichtung Hölderlins ........................................ 47 2.3.2.2 Die Übersetzung der Dichtungsform, Satz- aufbau und Metrik der Dichtung Hölderlins ... 49 2.3.2.3 Zusammenfassung .......................................... 49 2.4 Hölderlin und Hai Zi: Zur Hölderlin-Rezeption des chinesischen Dichters .............................................................. 50 3 Übersetzung und Rezeption ........................................................ 53 3.1 Über die Übersetzung .............................................................. 54 3.1.1 Die Auseinandersetzung der zwei übersetzerischen Grundanforderungen in der griechisch-römischen Antike ............................................................................ 55 3.1.2 Übersetzung und Sprachbildung: Übersetzung im Mittelalter und Luthers Bibelübersetzung ................... 62 Inhaltsverzeichnis VII 3.1.3 Übersetzung als Konkurrenz und Fortführung der Kulturen ........................................................................ 64 3.1.4 Das Ziel der Übersetzung: „Verfremden“ der Über- setzung und Hölderlins Sophokles-Übersetzung ......... 66 3.1.4.1 Bewegung hin zum Autor oder zum Leser: „Verfremden“ der Übersetzung bei Schleiermacher ............................................... 66 3.1.4.2 Hölderlins Übersetzung .................................. 68 3.1.4.3 Hölderlins Poetik und Übersetzung: Über die Verfahrungsweise des poetischen Geistes ..... 75 3.1.5 Übersetzen und Verstehen ........................................... 77 3.1.6 Grundsätzliches zur Übersetzung ................................ 81 3.2 Rezeption des Übersetzers ....................................................... 82 3.2.1 Rezeption und Rezeptionsprozess ................................ 82 3.2.2 Übersetzer als Leser und Künstler: Verstehen und Rezeption ...................................................................... 83 3.2.3 Zum Verhältnis von Übersetzung und Rezeption ......... 85 4 Die Übersetzungsprobleme mit deutschen Gedichten in China ........................................................................................... 87 4.1 Die klassische Dichtkunst in China ........................................... 88 4.1.1 Begriffe und Bedeutung der Dichtung in China ........... 89 4.1.2 Dichtung als Heilige Schrift und Kanon des Konfuzianismus ............................................................. 89 4.1.3 Dichtung im 5. Jahrhundert.......................................... 91 4.1.4 Die Register der Vier Töne und die Regelhaftigkeit der Gedichte ................................................................. 92 4.1.5 Vielfalt der Verskunst: Ci-Dichtung .............................. 93 4.1.6 Die Merkmale und ästhetischen Prinzipien der klassischen Dichtkunst .................................................. 94 4.2 Die Sprachreform von „Wen’yan“ zu „Bai’hua“ und die neue chinesische Lyrik ....................................................... 97 4.2.1 Die Sprache- und Schrift-Revolution als Voraussetzung der neuen Gedichte ............................. 98 4.2.2 Die Form und Regel der neuen Lyrik .......................... 101 4.2.3 Dichterische Revolution in Form und Inhalt .............. 103 VIII Inhaltsverzeichnis 4.2.4 Übersetzung westlicher Gedichte und die Entwick- lung der neuen chinesischen Lyrik ............................. 105 4.3 Die allgemeinen Probleme bei der Übersetzung ins Chinesische ...................................................................... 110 4.3.1 Die Eigenschaften der chinesischen Sprache ............. 110 4.3.2 Die allgemeinen Probleme der Übersetzung vom Deutschen ins Chinesische ......................................... 113 4.3.2.1 Das syntaktische Problem ............................. 113 4.3.2.2 Der strukturelle Unterschied und die dies- bezüglichen Übersetzungsmöglichkeiten..... 115 4.3.2.3 Die Zeitform der Sprache .............................. 122 4.4 Die Sprache in der Übersetzung und der neuen Lyrik ........... 124 5 Fallstudien. Der Vergleich der ausge wählten Übersetzungs- varianten: Die Wanderung, Patmos, Brod und Wein ............. 127 5.1 Die Übersetzung von Die Wanderung ................................... 129 5.1.1 Die Überlieferung und der Inhalt von Die Wanderung ........................................................... 129 5.1.2 Die Übersetzungsausgaben von Die Wanderung ....... 132 5.1.3 Analyse der ausgewählten Verse................................ 133 5.1.4 Die Übersetzung als „Die Wanderung“ ...................... 142 5.2 Die
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