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Download Article (PDF) Chemistry 2.0 Creating Online Communities by Javier Garcia-Martinez nels of communication to share information. In other cases, it means creating opportunities for them to ow things have changed since we were kids. share and create content that is useful for them. Doing Nowadays, teenagers spend almost as much so, will allow students to discover their own passions Htime watching TV as using social networking and share their own interests with kids from all around websites, technology that did not exist just a few the world. years ago. More precisely, accordingly to a survey of According to one study, students using the web 2.0 over 1200 students organized by the National School have excellent communication, creativity, collabora- Boards Association in the USA, 9- to 17-year olds in the tion, and leadership skills and technology proficiency.1 USA spend 10 hours a week watching TV compared to Their natural interest in new technologies makes them 9 hours a week on web-based social networking activ- ideal candidates to learn and share more about science ities. However, when our kids network online, they are and technology. Many educational institutions realize much more active and innovative—creating content, that using the web 2.0 they can reach this targeted sharing information, and blogging—than when they audience. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology watch TV.1 has put 1900 courses online. Hundreds of videos and additional educational material can be downloaded This generation is totally into the web. In the USA, for free as part of the MIT OpenCourseWare initiative an astonishing 96 percent of students who have online launched in 2002. iTunes U, part of Apple’s iTunes access report that they have used social network- Store, launched in 2007, already has over 75 000 files ing technologies. Fairly new technologies, such as from universities from all around the world available to chatting, text messaging, blogging, Facebook, and download for free. And of course, there is Wikipedia, MySpace, are part of the daily lives of the kids who 15 million articles written collaboratively by volunteers fill our classes. And it’s not all about sharing music or around the world, which has changed the way we organizing a plan for next weekend. Nearly 60 per- share and look for information. cent of our students use social networking to discuss Additionally, professional chemical associations education-related topics, and more than 50 percent such as the American Chemical Society (ACS) or specifically discuss schoolwork to support their edu- the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) have created a cation.1 wonderful set of web 2.0 initiatives. On 15 March 2010, Recognizing the potential risks of irresponsible use the ACS Mobile Application “ACS Mobile” became of the web, there is great potential in the new social available on Apple’s iTunes store. The new application networking technologies to reach our kids using their provides readers with a live stream of peer-reviewed own language and help them find their own interests. research content from across the spectrum of ACS In many cases, this simply consists of using their chan- journals right in their cell phones. More recently, Molecule of the Week, a popular feature on the ACS website since 2001, has been launched as a Mobile From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 App. A new molecule is delivered to subscribers’ The term web 2.0 is typically used to define a new generation of websites iPhones each week for them to guess what each mol- characterized by community content creation, user-centered design, and ecule is, based on an image and the clue supplied. interactive collaboration. Some typical web 2.0 applications include social- Both the ACS and its flagship journal, the Journal networking sites, wikis, and blogs. The web 2.0 is based on the goal of moving of the American Chemical Society (JACS) are now on from a web-as-information-source to a web-as-participation platform in an Facebook, both with thousands of followers. These effort to build a more participatory web. According to Wikipedia, “A web 2.0 sites are regularly used to announce events, hold dis- site allows its users to interact with other users or to change website content, cussions, and provide breaking news, making them in contrast to noninteractive websites where users are limited to the passive probably the fastest and most up-to-the-minute way viewing of information that is provided to them.” to know what is going on in chemistry. But there is much more, the JACS beta site is a truly web 2.0 expe- 4 CHEMISTRY International July-August 2010 Chemistry 2.0 Creating Online Communities rience, with podcasts, mobile applications, and online problems” can be found on its website for anyone to interviews about new chemical discoveries, published solve. For example, if you manage to come with an weekly. environmentally friendly method for converting a di- The Royal Society of Chemistry also has a won- olefin to a mono-alcohol, a cash award of USD 10 000 derful set of web 2.0 initiatives, like the RSC and awaits you. For those posting the challenge, called the Chemistry World blogs. Personally, I am a big fan of “seekers,” there are greater benefits. For a relatively its podcast on the chemical elements, Chemistry in modest amount of money, they can get hundreds of its Element, as I am of Distillations, the “extracts from minds thinking about an innovative solution. Some the past, present, and future of chemistry” from the of their challenges have over 1000 active “solvers” Chemical Heritage Foundation. thinking about how to crack the problem. Of course, Nature.com is another excellent web 2.0 site. Nature the number and quality of the “solvers” are of critical Network is probably the best example of the use of importance. That is why InnoCentive has teamed up social networking technologies to connect scientists. with Nature Publishing Group to offer its readers the Whereas, Nature Chemistry’s blog, The Sceptical opportunity to participate in research and develop- Chymist, is one of the best of many blogs on chemis- ment challenges through an online platform called try that are available today, including the very popular Open Innovation Pavilion. There are many other open CENtral Science of Chemical and Engineering News. innovation companies, each one with its own char- [email protected] brings together all of the acteristics and focus, like NineSigma, Starmind, yet2. chemistry content from Nature Publishing Group in com, MillionBrains, and Tekscout, One Billion Minds, one place. A unique resource mainly for the academic PRESANS, and Innoget, among others. chemistry community, this attractive site effectively Even well-established large chemical companies integrates various services such as chemistry news, like Procter & Gamble are now fully engaged in online research highlights, blog posts, and podcasts in one open innovation: 50 percent of product initiatives at single place. the company already involve significant collaboration But online social networking also can be used to with outside innovators. Now, they are asking every- solve problems, really big problems. InnoCentive is a one to become their “partner of choice” for solving global innovation marketplace, and a great example their R&D challenges, which range from polymers of open-innovation, where creative minds solve some to cosmetics, by participating in their P&G Connect of the world’s most important problems for cash + Develop web portal. As stated in its presentation awards up to USD 1 million. Hundreds of “challenge video: “click the link below and open the door.” The Periodic Table of the Web 2.0. CHEMISTRY International July-August 2010 5 Chemistry 2.0 Sure, the academic and professional community element. The University of Greenwich Department of has plenty of web-based resources, and the institu- Chemistry probably has the most popular Facebook tions and publishers behind them are quickly expand- group dedicated to chemistry, with more than 11 000 ing their online followers who share services as they news, discussions, attract more well- and future events targeted costumers. about chemistry. Not Unfortunately, there bad at all. are fewer high-quality The beauty and educational 2.0 web- novelty of web 2.0 sites for students, over conventional who are actually the sources of informa- ones who use the net- tion is that the con- working sites more tent is collectively frequently. A good created by its users. example of the great Nowhere is this potential of high- more obvious than quality and enter- in Wikipedia, a web- taining content is the based, collaborative, series of YouTube multilingual encyclo- videos called Periodic pedia project built by Videos, a collection of millions of volunteers. short videos, originally on the elements of the Periodic The Wikipedia Chemistry Portal, created by people Table but now also on useful or just curious molecules who share a common passion for chemistry, contains and other chemical-related topics, made by a team feature articles, selected biographies, news, and plenty of chemists from Nottingham University. This effort is of information about chemical techniques, chemical led by Martyn Poliakoff, who is a fairly popular figure databases, and online resources. now, since his videos have been seen over 8 million Most of us were attracted to chemistry because times. Periodic Videos is now a truly 2.0 platform, of the colors, explosions, and surprises of chemical with its own website and YouTube channel, a great demonstrations. Unfortunately, many students do not behind-the-scenes blog, a Facebook group, and, of have access to such wonderful experiences. The web course, a Twitter presence, with hundreds of followers. now has excellent online resources, with stunning vid- Unsurprisingly, many of them are quite young and pas- eos and safe demonstrations for the classroom.
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