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Stanley Smith: Recent Media Relationships

2015

Quoted in “The Health of the Housing Market in 25 Big Cities,” John Kiernan, WalletHub.com, available on July 29, 2015, http://wallethub.com/edu/the-health-of- housing-market-in-25-big-cities/7664/#stanley-d-smith.

Quoted in “5 Ways the Housing Market Is Recovering,” Quentin Fottrell, MarketWatch.com, July 31, 2015, http://www.marketwatch.com/story/5-ways-the- housing-market-is-recovering-2015-07-31?page=4. This was also published in Morningstar.com at https://www.morningstar.com/news/market- watch/TDJNMW_20150731358/update-5-ways-the-housing-market-is-recovering.html.

Quoted in “Orlando home sales hit decade-long high,” Mary Shanklin, OrlandoSentinel.com, April 15, 2015, 7:18 PM, also front page story on April 16, 2015. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-orlando-home-sales-20150415-story.html

2014

Quoted in “Guest column: Voucher students must face more accountability,” Julie Delegal, FloridaToday.com, 12:09 a.m. EST March 7, 2014, http://www.floridatoday.com/story/opinions-columns/columnists/guest- columns/2014/03/07/guest-column-voucher-students-must-face-more- accountability/6116309/.

Quoted in “Banco Popular sells Orlando branches to Harbor Community Bank, Richard Burnett, OrlandoSentinel.com, 7:14 PM EDT, April 23, 2014. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-popular-bank-exits-orlando- 20140423,0,2720562,print.story.

Quoted in “Growing services allow online payments to family, ,” Richard Burnett, OrlandoSentinel.com, 6:13 PM EDT, May 4, 2014. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-person-to-person-online-banking- 20140501,0,5605190.story.

“Orlando's biggest banks see surge in customer deposits,” Richard Burnett, OrlandoSentinel.com, October 1, 2014, 5:49 PM, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-orlando-bank-deposit-race-20141001- story.html.

2013

“Consider Poverty, Minority Status: Little Difference Between Charters, Non-Charters,

1 Researcher Says,” Gina Jordan, StateImpact.NPR.org/Florida, January 3, 2013, 3:14 PM, profiles “The Effects of Poverty, Minority Status, and Charters on the 2011-12 Performance of High Schools,” January 3, 2012. The research study may be found at http://www.bus.ucf.edu/faculty/ssmith/page/The-Effects-of-Poverty-Minority- Status-and-Charters-on-the-2011-12-Performance-of-Florida-High-Schools.aspx and the article may be found at http://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2013/01/03/consider-poverty- minority-status-little-difference-between-charters-non-charters-researcher-says/.

Quoted in “Industry trying to rekindle romance,” Richard Burnett, , 12:15 PM EST, January 13, 2013, published in print on January 14, 2013, p. B8, as part of a Special Report: Forecast 2013. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-cfb- financial-services-0114-20130113,0,7968862.story

Quoted in “Questions for Jeb Bush on charter schools,” Posted By Max Brantley, Arkansas Times, Arkansas Blog, Sat, Jan 26, 2013 at 7:27 AM. http://www.arktimes.com/ArkansasBlog/archives/2013/01/26/questions-for-jeb-bush-on- charter-schools

Quoted in “Local home values still have long way to go,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, February 28, 2013. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-five-years- house-prices-20130228,0,3074526.story#tugs_story_display This article discusses the recent report for the Mortgage Bankers Association of by Smith.

Quoted in “State Analysis Says Florida Charter Schools Outperform District Schools,” StateImpact.NPR.org/Florida, March 7, 2013, 4:13 PM. http://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/jp/state-analysis-says-florida-charter-schools- outperform-district-schools/

Quoted in “Charter schools “outpace” traditional schools, DOE report shows (also enroll fewer poor kids, kids learning English or kids with disabilities),” Charter Schools, Florida Education, Orlando Sentinel, Leslie Postal, posted on March, 7 2013 4:48 PM, http://blogs.orlandosentinel.com/news_education_edblog/2013/03/charter-schools- outpace-traditional-schools-doe-report-shows-also-enroll-fewer-poor-kids-kids-learning- english-or-kids-with-disabilities.html.

Quoted in “Editorial: Stop the giveaway to charter schools,” , March 26, 2013. http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-stop-the-giveaway-to- charter-schools/2111163 This editorial was also printed by the St. Augustine Record at http://staugustine.com/opinions/2013-03-26/perspective-stop-giveaway-charter- schools#.UVV7NKLU-So.

Quoted in “Fairwinds joins Bank of America, Wells Fargo in complaint rankings,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, April 30, 2013, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-florida-bank-complaints-index- 20130423,0,7852962.story#tugs_story_display.

2

Quoted in “Local banks still profitable but lagging others,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, May 31, 2013, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-orlando-bank- profits-20130530,0,5031456.story.

Quoted in “Local home prices up 37% since start of 2012,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, June 18, 2013, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-orlando-home- sales-20130617,0,2323725.story.

Quoted in “End of line for job of SunTrust Fla. chief?,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, June 25, 2013, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-cfb-banking- suntrust-changes-0624-20130623,0,7450367.story.

Quoted in “Two banks' payday-advance lending draws scrutiny,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, 7:18 PM EDT, August 14, 2013, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-regions-bank-payday-loans-criticized- 20130814%2c0%2c1730433.story.

Quoted in “Are you ready to refinance vacation home?” Dana Dratch, Bankrate.com, 87654321, posted on August 17, 2013. http://www.bankrate.com/finance/refinance/ready-refinance-vacation-home- 1.aspx?ic_id=Top_Financial%20News%20Center_link_3. Also published as “Refinancing a vacation home requires sharp focus on goals,” Dana Dratch, Originally published: September 13, 2013 3:15 PM, Updated: September 15, 2013 7:52 AM, Newsday.com (Newsday, Long Island, NY). http://www.newsday.com/classifieds/real- estate/refinancing-a-vacation-home-requires-sharp-focus-on-goals-1.6069371

Quoted in “Lift in bank profits, loans bodes well for some,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, 6:40 PM EDT, September 4, 2013. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-central-florida-bank-profits-steady- 20130904,0,3872471,print.story

Quoted in “SunTrust wins latest deposit race, but Old Florida surges in ranks,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, 5:17 PM EDT, October 8, 2013. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-bank-deposits-market-share-race- 20131008,0,5524676.story

Cited in Education Under Siege: Frauds, Fads, Fantasies and Fictions in Educational Reform, Arthur Shapiro, R&L Education, Oct 21, 2013 - Education - 206 pages, pp.114- 115.

Quoted in “Lose your bank branch? Blame mobile, online growth,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 25, 2013, http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-11- 25/business/os-vanishing-bank-branches-20131125_1_bank-failures-bank-customers- bank-branch. This article was also published on InsuranceNewsNet.com on November 26, 2013, http://insurancenewsnet.com/oarticle/2013/11/25/lose-your-bank-branch-

3 blame-mobile-online-growth-a-428340.html#.UsDeIkYo6ow and The Network Journal on December 2, 2013, http://www.tnj.com/technology/lose-your-bank-branch-blame- mobile-online-growth.

Quoted in “Home prices swing back in areas hit hard by foreclosures,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, December 8, pp. A1, A9, FRONT PAGE STORY. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-home-prices-orlando-zip- 20131207,0,1108437.story

Quoted in “Blame apps for bank branch closures,” Yahoo7 Finance Australia, AAP – Thu, Dec 19, 2013 2:01 PM AEDT. http://au.finance.yahoo.com/news/blame-apps-bank- branch-closures-030117695.html. This article was also published on Yahoo! Finance & Business New Zealand, http://nz.finance.yahoo.com/news/blame-apps-bank-branch- closures-030117695.html. .

2012

Quoted in “Banking: Turmoil generates added competition,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 9, 2012, p. B9. (Part of a Special Report: Forecast 2012 Annual Economic and Business Outlook)

Quoted in “Orlando: Not the renters' market it used to be,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, January 10, 2012, pp. A1, A2. FRONT PAGE STORY

“UCF professor: Poverty explains a lot about school rankings, likely hides some school successes,” Florida Education blog, Leslie Postal, University of Central Florida — posted by lesliepostal on February 6, 2012 6:42 AM, also published in Orlando Sentinel, February 7, 2012, A7. The analysis by me was distributed by the Florida Education Association. http://blogs.orlandosentinel.com/news_education_edblog/2012/02/ucf-professor-poverty- explains-a-lot-about-school-rankings-likely-hides-some-school-successes.html

"C. Fla. community banks' balance sheets on the mend," Bill Orben, Orlando Business Journal, February 10, 2012, p. 4.

“Banks quietly roll out more fees,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, February 19, 2012, pp. A1, A8. FRONT PAGE STORY. Also published as “US banks roll out new fees – Bid to recoup lost income as debit fees fail to fly,” Kuwait Times, March 1, 2012. http://new.kuwaittimes.net/2012/03/01/us-banks-roll-out-new-fees-bid-to-recoup-lost- income-as-debit-fees-fail-to-fly/ Bloomberg Business Week (http://investing.businessweek.com/research/sectorandindustry/news/article.asp?docKey= 600-201202182315KRTRIB__BUSNEWS_4404_390- 1¶ms=timestamp%7C%7C02/18/2012%2011:15%20PM%20ET%7C%7Cheadline %7C%7CBanks%20roll%20out%20new%20fees%20after%20debit%20fees%20fail%20t o%20fly%20%5BThe%20Orlando%20Sentinel%2C%20Fla.%5D%7C%7CdocSource%

4 7C%7CKnight%20Ridder/Tribune%7C%7Cprovider%7C%7CACQUIREMEDIA); (http://www.baltimoresun.com/business/os-banks-new-stealth-fees- 20120218,0,1928258.story); The Post Standard (http://www.syracuse.com/newsflash/index.ssf/story/banks-roll-out- new-fees-after-debit/e612f57785cb470a1c640dec994b7e37); The (http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2012/feb/27/banks-roll- out-new-fees-after-debit-fees-fail-to/?comments_id=2132578): College Times (http://www.ecollegetimes.com/student-life/banks-roll-out-new-fees-after- debit-fees-fail-to-fly-1.2707486); The Herald (http://www.heraldonline.com/2012/03/01/v-print/3783008/banks-roll-out- new-fees-after.html); The Salt Lake Tribune (http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/money/53626765-79/banks-fees- debit-card.html.csp?page=1).

Profiled in “Stanley Smith: Lack of financial fundamentals led to bank crisis,” Victor Ocasio, Orlando Business Journal, March 30, 2012, p. 11.

Quoted in "Bank growth, mergers create 300 jobs," Bill Orben, Orlando Business Journal, April 6, 2012, pp. 1, 33. FRONT PAGE STORY

One of four interviews in a 22-minute story on "The ABCs of Schools and Poverty," Desta Horner, CMF Media Group, April 12, 2012, available at http://cmfmedia.org/2012/04/the-abcs-of-schools-and-poverty/.

Quoted in “Eyes on expansion: First Green Bank turns a profit, plans to add more branches,” Orlando Business Journal, Angele Maraj, April 20, 2012, posted at 6:00am EDT.

Quoted in “Even Wall Street agrees Florida shortchanges higher ed,” Fred Grimm, Herald, April 29, 2012. http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/04/28/2772816/even-wall- street-agrees-florida.html

Quoted in “Debate rages: Do charter students perform better than others?” Leslie Postal, Orlando Sentinel, May 12, 2012, posted at 8:15 p.m. EST, May 11, 2012. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-05-11/features/os-charter-schools-success- debate-20120511_1_traditional-public-schools-charter-students-national-charter-school- week

Quoted in “More Central Florida bank profits signal mild recovery continuing,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, June 4, 2012, posted 10:43 a.m. EST, June 3, 2012.

Quoted in “A few banks lure customers from afar with high-yield checking accounts,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, published as “Checking account that pays high interest? Look for catches,” June 7, pp. A1, A10, posted 8:03 p.m. EST, June 6, 2012. FRONT PAGE STORY

5 Quoted in "Orlando lost a decade or more of home appreciation," Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, June 15, 2012, p. A12.

Quoted in "Funds free flowing again," Bill Orben, Orlando Business Journal, July 6, 2012, pp. 10, 15.

Quoted in “Top local banks all back in the black,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, August 30, 2012, p. A12. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-08-29/business/os- central-florida-banks-profitable-20120829_1_new-traditions-national-bank-loan-losses- community-banks#mod-blogs

Quoted in “Is bigger better? UCF's growth worries education leaders,” Denise-Marie Ordway, Orlando Sentinel, 4:02 p.m. EST, September 8, 2012, in print on September 9, 2012, pp. A1, A18. FRONT PAGE STORY http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-09- 08/features/os-ucf-class-size-20120908_1_ucf-president-ucf-finance-professor-provost- tony-waldrop This story was also linked to by Florida Trend on September 9, 2012 at http://www.floridatrend.com/article/14641/mondays-daily-pulse.

Interviewed by Jonathan Beaton on Central Florida Morning News (5 – 9 a.m.) on WBDO radio about UCF’s large student/faculty ratio, September 17, 2012.

Quoted in “SunTrust's overseas outsourcing of fraud-detection work raises security questions,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, 6:33 p.m. EDT, September 25, 2012, published in paper on September 26, 2012, pp. A1, A8. FRONT PAGE STORY http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-suntrust-offshoring-local-jobs- 20120925,0,5326984.story

Quoted in “Two large Orlando-based community banks to merge,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 6, p. A10. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os- orlando-banks-merger-deal-20121105,0,450768.story

Research study, “The Effect of Poverty, Minority Status, and Charter Schools on Florida Elementary Schools,” profiled and published in “Researcher: Florida District Schools Outperform Charter Schools On Average,” Gina Jordan, StateImpact.npr.org/florida, November 15, 2012, 11:07 AM. http://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2012/11/15/researcher- florida-district-schools-outperform-charter-schools-on-average/#more-14915. The full analysis and the adjusted scores for all elementary schools may be found and downloaded at http://www.bus.ucf.edu/faculty/ssmith/page/The-Effect-of-Poverty-Minority-Status- and-Charters-on-Florida-Elementary-Schools.aspx.

Profiles and links to the previous StateImpact.NPR,org/Florida article were provided by Tampa Bay Times blog site on education news (http://www.tampabay.com/blogs/gradebook/category/gradebook-tags/charter-schools), the Miami Herald’s Naked Politics website (http://miamiherald.typepad.com) and the Florida Times-Union website (http://jacksonville.com/aggregator/sources/145) on Nov. 16, and the Florida Education Association website (http://feaweb.org/todays-news-

6 november-15-2012).

The research study on “The Effect of Poverty, Minority Status, and Charter Schools on Florida Elementary Schools,” was cited and quoted as the basis for an editorial, “Our view: Public schools outperform charter schools,” Posted: November 25, 2012 - 12:11am, St. Augustine Record, http://staugustine.com/opinions/2012-11-24/our-view-charter- schools-perform-worse-public-schools.

“Charters underperform public schools,” Stanley D. Smith, a Special to in the Sunday issue, Tampa Bay Times, November 25, 2012. http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/columns/charters-underperform-public- schools/1262727

Quoted in “State Analysis Says Florida Charters Perform Better Than Traditional Schools,” Gina Jordan, StateImpact.npr.org/florida, November 21, 2012, http://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2012/11/21/state-analysis-says-florida-charters-perform- better-than-traditional-schools/.

Quoted in “Researcher Says State Charter School Study Was ‘Poorly Done’ And ‘Biased’,” Gina Jordan, StateImpact.npr.org/florida, November 26, 2012, http://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2012/11/26/researcher-says-state-charter-school-study- was-poorly-done-and-biased/.

Quoted in “How education data gets spun,” Valerie Strauss, Updated: December 2, 2012, WashingtonPost.com, http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer- sheet/wp/2012/12/02/how-education-data-gets-spun/?print=1.

Quoted in “Most area mortgages not ‘underwater’,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, November 28, 2012, pp. A1, A9, http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-negative- equity-20121127,0,1963827.story. FRONT PAGE STORY

Quoted in “Fairwinds Credit Union replaces SunTrust as UCF's official campus 'bank',” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, 3:58 PM EST, November 29, 2012, printed on Nov. 30, 2012, p. A16. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/os-ucf-credit-union- partnership-20121129,0,3341357.story#tugs_story_display

“My Word: The case for higher STEM tuition,” Stanley D. Smith, Orlando Sentinel, December 5, 2012. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/opinion/os-ed-stem-tuition- myword-120512-20121204,0,7987224.story

2011

Quoted in “Bank’s failure is first of 2011,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 8, 2011, pp. B1, B4. This story was also published as “Orlando bank first in U.S. to fail in 2011,” in South Florida Sun-Sentinel.com, January 8, 2011, and in TradingMarkets.com

7 on January 8, 2011.

“Pension-plan change would seem like default,” Stanley Smith (Guest Columnist), Orlando Sentinel, February 8, 2011, p. A11.

Interviewed on the topic of the Florida Retirement System on the “Sundays with Bob and Gary Show” on WBZW – The BIZ 1520 AM Talk Radio (Apopka, FL) on February 13, 2011.

Quoted in “Free checking’s days numbered?” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, April 5, 2011, pp. A1, A6. FRONT PAGE STORY

Quoted in “Free Checking Increasingly Scarce,” Richard Burnett, The Network Journal (Black Professionals and Small Business Magazine), April 11, 2011. Available at http://www.tnj.com/personal-finance/free-checking-increasingly-scarce.

Quoted in “Insurer sells Federal Trust to CenterState,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, May 23, 2011.

Quoted in “Orlando construction jobs down a bit from year ago,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, June 6, 2011, p. CFB 6.

Quoted in “Banks vie for larger slice of market pie,” Bill Orben, Orlando Business Journal, June 10, 2011, 6:00am EDT.

Quoted in “Orlando’s ‘unbanked’ could see ranks grow,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, July 12, 2011, pp. A1, A8. FRONT PAGE STORY Quoted in “Martin FCU Higher bank fees boost unbanked numbers,” News Now, CUNA.org, July 13, 2011. http://www.cuna.org/Stay-Informed/News-Now/CU- System/Martin-FCU-Higher-bank-fees-boost-unbanked-numbers/?CollectionId=8

Article cited in “What to do with US Treasury bonds now?” Irene Aldridge, Huffington Post, August 10, 2011, < http://www.huffingtonpost.com/irene-aldridge/what-to-do-with- the-us-tr_b_921604.html>. Article cited was “The Increasing Default Risk of U.S. Treasury Securities Due to the Financial Crisis,” Srinivas Nippani and Stanley D. Smith, Journal of Banking & Finance, 2010, Vol. 34, pp. 2472-2480.

Quoted in “Use Debit Card? Get Ready for Fees,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, September 3, 2011, pp. A1, A10. FRONT PAGE STORY

Quoted in “Mortgage Meltdown: Home Slump Pummels Minorities,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, September 26, 2011, pp. A1, A16. FRONT PAGE STORY

Quoted in “FDIC report: Wells Fargo shed some Central Florida deposits as it absorbed Wachovia,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 5, 2011, p. A19.

8 Quoted in “SunTrust, Regions Bank scrap debit fees, promise refunds,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 1, 2011, pp. A1, A8. FRONT PAGE STORY

Quoted in “Bank fee falls to social network pressure, outrage,” Patrick Peterson, FloridaToday.com, 9:50 PM, November 11, 2011.

2010

Quoted in “Forecast 2010: Banking: Troubles not over for financial institutions,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 11, 2010, Central Florida Business, p. 19.

Quoted in “Old Southern: New capital waits in wings,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, February 2, 2010.

Quoted in “Hancock Bank plans growth amid financial industry ruins,” Christopher Boyd, Orlando Business Journal, February 12, 2010. The same article was published online by the Sacramento Business Journal on March 1, 2010.

Quoted in “A small move toward small banks,” Patrick Peterson, , February 21, 2010. The same article was published on the ’s web page, www.Tallahassee.com.

Quoted in “Republican Governors Association blasts Sink’s record, compensation as bank executive,” Louis Jacobson, PolitiFact.com, (St. Petersburg Times and Miami Herald), February 24, 2010.

Quoted in “Price slump to continue,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, March 4, 2010, pp. B5-B6.

Quoted in “Going Down the Road: Community Banks Keep Moving,” Phil Hall, MortgageOrb.com, March 12, 2010.

Quoted in “Opportunity in failure,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, March 18, 2010, pp. B5, B6.

Quoted in “Wachovia Bank now offering envelop-free ATMs,” Justine Griffin, Orlando Business Journal, March 19, 2010.

Quoted in “SunTrust Moves: Florida bank chief to oversee all branches,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, March 24, 2010, pp. B5, B6.

Quoted in ”Bank planned in Jacksonville to buy distressed banks,” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, April 9, 2010.

Quoted in “FDIC sells off Fla. banks’ bad loans,” Justine Griffin, Orlando Business

9 Journal, April 20, 2010.

Quoted in “Homes more affordable than ever, A great time to buy – If you’ve got money,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, May 11, 2010, pp. A1, A9.

Quoted in “Financial reform law gets kudos from UCF professor.” Marva Hinton, WDBO.com, on website on July 21, 2010, and a related interview was scheduled to air several times on July 22, 2010.

Quoted in “Branch Blitz Next Step for BankUnited,” Rachel Witkowski, American Banker, September 17, 2010.

Quoted in “Banco Popular changing name to widen appeal,” Jenna Rew, Orlando Business Journal, September 24, 2010.

Quoted in “Scott, Sink promise to create jobs, but as executives they cut thousands,” Mary Ellen Klas, Marc Caputo, and Michael C. Bender, Miami Herald, October 1, 2010.

Quoted in “Employment opportunities crashed along with home values,” Mary Shanklin and Sandra Pedicini, Orlando Sentinel, October 5, 2010.

Quoted in “BBIF creates microloan fund to grow small businesses,” Jenna Rew, Orlando Business Journal, October 8, 2010.

Quoted in “Saving the Buck,” Leeann Roberts, , October 18, 2010, p. A2.

Quoted in “Local bank must raise capital now,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 29, 2010.

Quoted in “Wells Fargo moves up in region’s market-share race,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 1, 2010, p. CFB 5.

“College students say the darnedest things,” Letter to Editor, Orlando Sentinel, November 6, 2010 , p. A18.

Quoted in “New home market perks up – a model with 8 bedrooms?” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, November 9, 2010, pp. A1, A10.

Quoted in "Housing values may stay stagnant," Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, December 29, 2010, pp. A1, A15.

2009

Quoted in “Forecast 2009: Banks, Recession means tough 2009,” Richard Burnett,

10 Orlando Sentinel, January 12, 2009, Central Florida Business, p. 26.

Quoted in ”Loan rates drop too low for Jacksonville banks,” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, January 16, 2009.

Quoted in "Five survivors of the meltdown," Rachel Witkowski and Marisa Carbone, Jacksonville Business Journal, January 25, 2009.

Quoted in “Local economic experts dissect federal Financial Stability Plan,” Jim Turner, www.TCPalm.com (Treasure Coast and Palm Beach ), February 10, 2009.

Quoted in “Home prices decline, but by not so much,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, February 25, 2009, pp. C1,C2. Also published as “Metro Orlando home prices decline,” in BaltimoreSun.com.

Quoted in “Report: Orlando home value fall slows,” Anjali Fluker, Orlando Business Journal, February 25, 2009.

Quoted in “Silver lining: Area homes affordable again,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, March 9, 2009, p. CFB 10. Also published on http://investing.BusinessWeek.com on May 22, 2009.

Quoted in “Local brokerage joins ranks of Fortune 500,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, April 21, 2009, pp. B6, B8.

Quoted in “SCCU in bold merger,” Wayne T. Price, FloridaToday.com, April 28, 2009.

Quoted in “Area home prices buck U.S. trend,” Tom Bayles, Sarasota Herald Tribune, May 28, 2009, p. A1 (front page story).

Quoted in “Have our housing prices hit bottom?” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, July 3, 2009.

Quoted in “Agents Raid Bank and Lender in Florida,” Damien Cave and James Glanz, New York Times, August 4, 2009, p. B2.

Quoted in “You didn’t really lose in housing free fall,” Mary Shanklin, Orlando Sentinel, August 11, 2009, pp. A1, A5 (front page story). Also published on BlackEnterprise.com, BaltimoreSun.com, ChicagoTribune.com, Sun-Sentinel.com, MorningCall.com (Allentown, PA), AARPBulletin.com, Florida Realtors Association (www.floridarealtors.org), and BuilderOnline.com. .

Quoted in BusinessWeek.com in “What If the Housing Bubble Never Happened?” Prashant Gopal, posted on August 11, 2009, http://www.businessweek.com/the_thread/hotproperty/archives/2009/08/what_if_the_hou .html.

11

Appeared on Channel 13 Central Florida News (television), August 13 and 14, 2009, commenting on Colonial Bank’s financial situation. Also quoted in story on CFNews13.com.

Quoted in “BB&T wins bid for Colonial,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, August 15, 2009, pp. B1, B10. Also published on ChicagoTribune.com and HartfordCourant.com.

Quoted in “Jesup & Lamont Market unkind to firm,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, August 21, 2009, pp. B5, B6.

Quoted in “Colonial's failure a hard fall given forerunner's success,” Martin E. Comas, Orlando Sentinel, August 23, 2009, Lake County.

Quoted in “Get ready for higher taxes, Home values down but spending stays high,” Derek Catron, Daytona Beach News Journal, August 23, 2009. Also published on USAToday.com, August 27, 2009.

Quoted in “IberiaBank is the new bank in town,” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, August 28, 2009.

Quoted in “Smaller Florida banks complain that U.S. regulators won't issue rulings on mergers,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, September 16, 2009, pp. B6, B8.

Quoted in “Smaller Florida banks complain that U.S. regulators won't issue rulings on mergers,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, September 16, 2009, pp. B6, B8.

Quoted in “Smooth sailing for region’s newest big bank,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 5, 2009, pp. CFB1 and 4.

Quoted in “What If the Housing Bubble Never Happened?” Phil Hall, Secondary Marketing Executive, Vol. 4, No. 11, October 2009.

Quoted in “Orion Bank late on taxes,” Dick Hogan, Ft. Myers News-Press, October 17, 2009.

Quoted in “SunTrust stays aloft in Orlando market share,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 20, 2009, pp. B5, B8.

Quoted in “Decade-low deposit growth another sign of ‘lousy’ NE Florida economy,” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, October 23, 2009.

Quoted in “Regions Bank closing five local branches,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, December 29, 2009, p. B6. Also printed on BusinessWeek.com on December 30, 2009. http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/news/article.asp?docKey=600-

12 200912281821KRTRIB__BUSNEWS_40822- 553MKVUR30PG55VAC96OB30GT6¶ms=timestamp%7C%7C12/28/2009%206:2 1%20PM%20ET%7C%7Cheadline%7C%7CRegions%20Bank%20closing%205%20area %20branches%20as%20part%20of%20larger%20cost- cutting%20move%20%5BThe%20Orlando%20Sentinel%2C%20Fla.%5D%7C%7CdocS ource%7C%7CThe%20McClatchy%20Company%7C%7Cprovider%7C%7CACQUIRE MEDIA&symbol=BAC:US

Quoted in “Holidays help residents stay put,” Abraham Aboraya, Winter Park/Maitland Observer, December 30, 2009.

2008

Quoted in “Credit crunch makes bankers break a sweat as they look ahead,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 7, 2008, pp. CFB 29.

Quoted in “Startup banks likely to rise despite turmoil,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 7, 2008, pp. CFB 29.

Quoted in “Banking executive Ed Timberlake’s retirement is short-lived,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 8, 2008, pp. C1-C2.

Interview with SaryKarmen Rivera of the Telemundo Orlando television station on the evening news about the state’s suspension of Allstate’s right to write auto insurance, January 16, 2008.

Quoted in “Se vencio la paciencia,” Carla Osorio, El Neuvo Dia Orlando (the largest Spanish language newspaper serving Central Florida), about the state’s suspension of Allstate’s right to write auto insurance, January 17, 2008.

Quoted in “SunTrust 4th-quarter profit plunges,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 24, 2008, pp. C1, C5.

Quoted in “Subprime fallout affects type of fund, too,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 28, 2008, p. CFB5.

Quoted in “Stakes high in Countrywide, BofA merger,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, February 7, 2008, pp. C1, C2.

Quoted in "Homes continuing to lose value," Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, February 27, 2008, pp. C1, C5.

Quoted in “Lenders slam the door on equity,” Christopher Boyd, Orlando Sentinel, April 17, 2008, pp. A1, A8.

13 Quoted in “Por el suelo lineas de creditos y plusvalia neta de vivienda en EEUU,” Wendy Thompson, Latino.MSN.com, April 23, 2008. This article was based on interview with Wendy Thompson, EFE Wire Services, on freezing home equity loans, 4/22/08. EFE Wire Services is an international wire service that all Spanish media use. Similar articles appeared in other major Hispanic media (see below).

Quoted in “Por el suelo lineas de creditos y plusvalia neta,” Wendy Thompson, La Voz (Phoenix, AZ), April 24, 2008.

Quoted in “Por el suelo lineas de creditos y plusvalia neta de vivienda,” Wendy Thompson, La Prensa (Orlando, FL), April 24, 2008. It was also published on Impre.com.

Quoted in “Por el suelo lineas de credito y plusvalia,” Wendy Thompson, La Opinion (Los Angeles, CA), April 26, 2008.

Quoted in “Credito sobre el equity de la vivienda,” Wendy Thompson, UNIVISION.com, April 26, 2008.

Quoted in “Florida has highest rate of subprime loan defaults,” Tiffany Beck, Orlando Business Journal, April 25, 2008.

Quoted in “Federal Reserve: Fla. has highest rate of subprime loan defaults,” Tiffany Beck, South Florida Business Journal, April 25, 2008.

Quoted in “Florida has highest rate of subprime loan defaults,” Tiffany Beck, Tampa Bay Business Journal, May 9, 2008.

Quoted in "'Glimmer of hope' dims on housing," Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, May 23, 2008, pp. C1, C2. Also published on the ’s website, www.courant.com.

Quoted in “Homebuilder's Ch. 11 filing staves off foreclosure,” Anjali Fluker, Orlando Business Journal, May 23, 2008.

Quoted in "Are you covered? Better check that policy's fine print," Adrian G. Uribarri, Orlando Sentinel, June 1, 2008, Hurricane Guide 2008, pp. 14-15. Also published on Los Angeles Times’ website, www.latimes.com.

Quoted in “Community banks weather tough first quarter,” Tiffany Beck, Orlando Business Journal, June 20, 2008.

“Credit unions seek federal OK to do more biz lending,” Tiffany Beck, Orlando Business Journal, July 4, 2008.

Quoted in “Mortgage Crisis Hits Home,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, July 14,

14 2008, pp. CFB 14-16.

Quoted in “Home values unable to pull out of slide,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, August 27, 2008, pp. B1. Also published as “Central Florida home values continue downward slide,” on BaltimoreSun.com, the Tribune’s website, www..chicagotribune.com , and the Los Angeles Times’ website, www. calendarlive.com.

Quoted in “It’s a fine time to buy a house—really,” Mike Thomas, Orlando Sentinel, September 9, 2008, pp. A1, A4.

Quoted in “Employers hiring? Try cutting back,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, September 9, 2008, p. C1.

Quoted in “Wachovia Slumps After WaMu’s Seizure, Bailout Impasse,” Linda Shen and David Mildenberg, Bloomberg.com, September 26, 2008 13:38 EDT.

Quoted in “Wachovia Slips Amid Speculation Citigroup, Wells Fargo May Bid,” David Mildenberg and Linda Shen, Bloomberg.com, September 26, 2008 18:13 EDT.

Quoted in “After JP Morgan Chases’s Washington Mutual deal, rescue talk turns to Wachovia,” Alistair Osborne, Daily Telegraph (UK), September 26, 2008.

Quoted in “Report: Wachovia in early talks with Citi,” Triangle Business Journal (Charlotte, NC), September 26, 2008.

Quoted in “Wachovia stock fall amid talk of merger,” , September 27, 2008.

Quoted in “All eyes on Wachovia as bank’s shares plummet on Wall Street,” Russell Hubbard, The Birmingham News, September 27, 2008.

Quoted in “Wachovia Corporation an acquisition machine about to collapse-for sale,” Amarendra Bhushan, CEOWorld Magazine (http://ceoworld.biz/ceo), September 27, 2008.

Quoted in “Rescue plan hope buoys storm-tossed Wall Street,” Joe Brennan, Irish Independent (Dublin), September 27, 2008.

Quoted in “Wachovia loses 28% of value after WaMu fails,” Arthur Beesley, Irish Times, September 27, 2008.

Quoted in “3 out of 10 US Top 10 banks face their own dangers,” Jie Huang, Hexun.com (http://news.hexun.com/2008-09-28/109398309.html), September 28, 2008. Hexun is the largest financial website in China and owned by the China Stock Exchange Executive Council.

15

Quoted in “Small Banks Step Up,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 21, 2008, pp. C1,C2.

Quoted in “National banks took a big 3rd-quarter hit from Florida investments” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, October 31, 2008. Also published in online editions of Business First of Columbus (columbus.bizjournals.com) and St. Louis Business Journal (stlouis.bizjournals.com).

Quoted in “Jacksonville could benefit from Wachovia, Merrill Lynch mergers,” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, November 7, 2008.

Quoted in “Jacksonville banks offer high CD rates,” Rachel Witkowski, Jacksonville Business Journal, November 7, 2008. Also published in AtlantaBusinessChronicle.com and AustinBusinessJournal.com, November 10, 2008.

Quoted in “Metro Orlando home values tumble again,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, November 26, 2008, pp. C1, C2.

Interviewed on WDBO (580 AM) Radio by Diana Bosch about the newly released study by Smith on Central Florida home values. Aired 5-9 a.m. on November 26, 2008.

Quoted in “CNL Bank’s bid for TARP funds is capital idea,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, December 22, 2008, Central Florida Business cover story.

2007

Quoted in “Cost of burying slain child add to parents’ trauma,” Jocelyn Wiener, The Sacramento Bee, January 11, 2007. The Sacramento Bee (#28 in 2006 U.S. daily circulation). The article was also published by the Fort Wayne News Sentinel, January 16, 2007.

Quoted in “Political Hot Potato: Experts Fear Legislature Will Avoid True Property Insurance Reform,” David Wilkening, Orlando Business Journal, January 15, 2007.

Quoted in “Growth in region's bank deposits is slowed by a lull in housing,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 8, 2006, p. CFB 27. The Orlando Sentinel is a top 50 U.S. newspaper (#31 in 2006 daily circulation) and the major newspaper for Central Florida.

Interview with Telemundo Orlando television station on the increasing number of foreclosures in the area and in the country and questions such as what is causing that trend and whether we can expect it to continue. (1/25/07) I do not have verification of them showing the interview but I am assuming they used some of the material they taped.

16 Quoted in “The Big Business of Banking in Central Florida,” Michelle Yoffee-Beard, Orlando CEO, Spring 2007, pp. 48-57.

Quoted in “Fifth Third to Speed Up Expansion,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, February 14, 2007, pp. B1-B2.

Interview with Carla Osaria, El Neuvo Dia Orlando (the largest Spanish language newspaper serving Central Florida), about reducing the problems associated with residential mortgages. (2/21/07). Quoted in “Incorformes con proceso de venta,” Carla Osaria, El Neuvo Dia Orlando,February 22, 2007.

Quoted in “Community banks see surge in profits,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, March 26, 2007, Central Florida Business, p.3.

Quoted in “Subprime loan blowout trickles down locally,” Orlando Business Journal, Anjali Fluker, March 26, 2007.

Quoted in “Seller beware: Home prices plunge,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, April 11, 2007, pp. A1, A8.

Quoted in “Financial Faux Pas & Foreclosure,” Megan Shannon, East Orlando Sun, April 26, 2007, pp. B6, B10, B11.

Quoted in “Economic ‘boom’: ‘80s babies get set to flex spending power,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, May 26, 2007, pp. A1, A8.

Quoted in “Bank’s financial troubles deepen,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, June 1, 2007, pp. C1, C3.

Quoted in, “Report: Area Housing Bubble Not Bursting,” Anjali Fluker, Orlando Business Journal, June 1, 2007. The article focused on Smith’s June 2007 Update for the Mortgage Bankers Association of Central Florida.

Quoted in “Economy weathers housing slowdown,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, June 1, 2007, pp. C1, C6. The article focused on another general economic analysis and Smith’s June 2007 Update for the Mortgage Bankers Association of Central Florida.

Quoted in “The Promise of Profits,” Mike Candelaria, FirstMonday (Orlando Regional Chamber of Commerce), Vol. 10, No. 6, June 2007, pp. 23-26.

Quoted in “Sentinel Special Report: Executive Compensation,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, June 25, 2007, CFB pp. 16-19, 22.

Interviewed by Melonie Holt, Channel 9-WFTV (ABC-affiliate), Orlando, FL, on the closing of American Home Mortgage and its local effect. It was the lead story on the 6 p.m. news. (8/3/07)

17 Quoted in “Giving ‘Champions’ a hand,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, August 8, 2007, p. C3.

Quoted in “SunTrust slashes work force by 7%,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, August 21, 2007, pp. C1, C2.

Quoted in “The Big Slowdown: ‘Scary’ housing market tumbles,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, August 31, 2007, pp. A1, A14. This was the top story on the front page of the paper and was based on Smith’s September 2007 Update for the Mortgage Bankers Association of Central Florida.

Quoted in “Harris’ share price falls after CEO sells stock,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, September 14, 2007, pp. C1, C2.

Quoted in “Don’t bet your bottom dollar on this market,” Mike Thomas, Orlando Sentinel, September 23, 2007, p. B1.

Quoted in “R-G Crown Bank reports loss of almost $53 million in ’07,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 2, 2007, pp. C1, C2.

Quoted in “Veteran banker is ready to retire,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 8, 2007, pp. C1, C2.

Interview with Jennifer Roberts, Brighthouse TV Channel 13, on recent Fortune article predicting a decrease of -34% in house prices in Orlando. The comments by Smith were noted in part of the news for numerous hours on this issue. (11/9/07)

Quoted in “Wearing 2 bank hats,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 26, 2007, pp. CFB4.

Quoted in “The Big Slowdown Even Values of Best Homes Slide, Figures Show,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, November 30, 2007, pp. A1, A16. This story was based on Smith’s December 2007 Update for the Mortgage Bankers Association of Central Florida.

2006

Quoted in “Forecast 2006: Banking,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 9, 2006, p. 21 in Central Florida Business section. The Orlando Sentinel (#41 in 2006 U.S. daily circulation) is the major newspaper for Central Florida.

Quoted in “Merger Takes Heavy Toll on Fifth Third Bank,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 16, 2006, pp. 14-15 in Central Florida Business section. This article was also published by Securities Mosaic, in its Daily Security News on January 17, 2006. Business Ethics The Magazine of Corporate Responsibility describes Securities Mosaic as

18 “the leading online securities information research platform for corporate governance professionals.”

Quoted in “Americans Spending More, and Saving … Nothing,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, January 31, 2006, pp. A1, A9. This article was the top article on page 1 of the Sentinel and was also published by New York Newsday (#12 in 2006 U.S. daily circulation). The article was also published on West Virginia State Treasurer’s Office website under Recommended Reading.

Quoted in “Students Try to Save in Face of Economic Challenges,” Puja Mandolfo, Central Florida Future, April 16, 2006.

Quoted in "Roof Caves in on Home Insurance," Maya Lazarovitz, East Orlando Sun, May 31, 2006.

Quoted in “SunTrust Shares Fall After Warning,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, August 15, 2006, pp. C1, C2. This article was also published by the South Florida Sun- Sentinel (Ft. Lauderdale) (#34 in 2006 U.S. daily circulation).

Interview with Amanda Tetlak, UCF Knightly News, on student consumer debt. (9/20/06) Appeared on UCF’s Channel 19, 9/22/06, and Brighthouse’s Channel 21, 9/26/06.

Interview with Ashley Butgereit, UCF Knightly News, on the local real estate market. (9/27/06) Appeared on UCF’s Channel 19, 9/29/06, and Brighthouse’s Channel 21, 10/3/06.

Quoted in "Future hazy for area's once-hot home sales," Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, October 1, 2006, pp. A1, A16. Smith and his research published by the Mortgage Bankers Association of Central Florida in September 2006 are quoted heavily in the Sunday front page story,

Quoted in “Fort Lauderdale thrift Bank Atlantic to open branches in Central Florida,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, October 4, 2005, pp. B1, B2.

Quoted in the top story on the front page, “Report: Area’s housing prices won’t plunge,” Sara K. Clarke, Orlando Sentinel, October 5, 2006, pp. A1, A11.

Quoted in “Mercantile Regroups as Startup Orange Bank Surges,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, November 27, 2006, p. 4 in Central Florida Business section.

Quoted in “Prominent CPA Jumps on Active Bandwagon for Bank Startups,” Margie Manning, Tampa Bay Business Journal, December 4, 2006.

Quoted in “Metro Orlando Home Values Are Holding Their Own: A UCF Professor’s Analysis Says the Market Is Still Under Pressure Though,” Jerry W. Jackson, Orlando Sentinel, December 2, 2006, p. C14.

19

Quoted in “Housing Market Not So Bad Off,” Donna Balancia, Florida Today, December 2, 2006.

2005

Quoted in “Fed boosts interest rate inflation fears fuel quarter-point rate hike; Dow tumbles,” by Richard Burnett and Jack Snyder, Orlando Sentinel, March 23, 2005, pp. C1,C2.

Quoted in, “Former SouthTrust executives going out on their own,” Orlando Sentinel, March 28, 2005, CFB section, p. 6.

Summary of article, “Is an Article in a Top Journal a Top Article?” Stanley D. Smith, Financial Management, Vol. 33, No. 4, Winter 2004, pp. 133-149, appeared in CFA Digest (CFA Institute), by Stephen M. Horan, Vol. 35, No. 3, August 2005. The CFA Digest is distributed to over 67,000 Chartered Financial Analysts worldwide charter holders.

Smith is quoted in “Banking: Calvet’s Move Is Latest in Long List of Changes,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, August 22, 2005, Central Florida Business section, p. 4.

Smith is quoted in “MBNA Clients to Monitor Its Merger with Bank,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, July 25, 2005, Central Florida Business section, p. 4.

Quoted in “Bullet, Hurricane-Proof Windows,” Livia Jakobsson, , September 16, 2005.

Filmed Profiles 30-minute show for UCF Digital Channel 19 at UCF Cocoa Campus on the Central Florida Real Estate Market, (10/21/05)

Quoted in “SunTrust Slips from Top Spot,” Richard Burnett, Orlando Sentinel, September 28, 2005, pp. C1, C2.

Selected Earlier Publications

Quoted in “Security Savings Followed Well-Worn Path to Failure,” Keving Freking and Jeff Zent, Texarkana Gazette, August 23, 1990, pp. A12-A13.

Quoted in “Arkansas Enters the New Age of Banking,” Larry Sullivan, Arkansas Inc., September 17, 1990, p. 7.

Quoted in “Median Price for LR Home $63,000, According to Study,” Ward Pincus, Arkansas Democrat, May 17, 1989, pp. C1, C8.

Profile of a research study in “Study Says Impact of Journal Column Fell After Scandal,”

20 Wall Street Journal, November 30, 1988, p. C19.

Quoted in “IRA Analysis,” Registered Representative Financial Advisor, June 1988, p. 19.

Quoted in “One-Time Shelter for Masses Loses Appeal,” Tom Doran, Financial Product News, March 1988, pp. 18-19.

Quoted in “Bank Group to Propose Interstate Plan,” Bob Stover, Arkansas Gazette, November 14, 1986, pp. C1, C3.

Quoted in “Tax Proposal Shocks Business,” Thomas Oliver, Atlanta Journal- Constitution, December 2, 1984, pp. A1, A12.

Quoted in “Take a Close Look at What IRA Promises,” H. Jane Lehman, Atlanta Journal, January 21, 1982, p. 10C.

Profile of a research study in “Emory Professors Propose to Save Social Security by Raising Minimum Age,” David Yochum, Atlanta Business Chronicle, November 30, 1981, pp. 4-6.

21