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Rigorózní Práce MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOV ĚDECKÁ FAKULTA Ústav geologických v ěd & Ústav fyziky Země Rigorózní práce Brno 2012 Miroslav Halló MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOV ĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV GEOLOGICKÝCH V ĚD & ÚSTAV FYZIKY ZEM Ě CHARAKTERISTIKA AKTIVNÍ STRUKTURY V SEISMICKY AKTIVNÍ ZÓN Ě NOVÝ KOSTEL (ZÁPADNÍ ČECHY ) NA ZÁKLAD Ě PROSTOROVÉHO A ČASOVÉHO ROZMÍST ĚNÍ SEISMICKÝCH JEV Ů Rigorózní práce Miroslav Halló Brno 2012 MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES & INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS OF THE EARTH CHARACTERISTIC OF THE ACTIVE STRUCTURE IN THE SEISMO -ACTIVE ZONE NOVÝ KOSTEL (WESTERN BOHEMIA ) BASED ON THE SPATIAL AND TIME DISTRIBUTION OF SEISMIC EVENTS Rigorosum thesis Miroslav Halló Brno 2012 Bibliografický záznam Autor: Miroslav Halló, Mgr. Charakteristika aktivní struktury v seismicky aktivní zón ě Nový Kostel (západní Čechy) na Název práce: základ ě prostorového a časového rozmíst ění seismických jev ů Studijní program: Geologie Studijní obor: Geologie Vedoucí práce: - Akademický rok: 2012/2013 Po čet stran: 53+6 Klí čová slova: zem ětřesení; seismicita; Nový Kostel; hypocentrum; zlom; Chebská pánev; Mariánsko Láze ňský zlom Bibliographic Entry Author: Miroslav Halló, Mgr. Characteristic of the Active Structure in the Seismo-active zone Nový Kostel (western Title of Thesis: Bohemia) Based on the Spatial and Time Distribution of Seismic Events Degree Geology programme: Field of Study: Geology Supervisor: - Academic Year: 2012/2013 Number of Pages: 53+6 Keywords: earthquake; seismicity; Nový Kostel; hypocentre; fault; Cheb Basin; Mariánské Lázn ě Fault Prohlášení (Statement of authorship) Prohlašuji, že jsem svoji rigorózní práci vypracoval samostatn ě s využitím informa čních zdroj ů, které jsou v práci citovány. Brno 26. zá ří 2012 ……………………………… Miroslav Halló Prolog Tato studie vznikla výrazným rozší řením autorovi diplomové práce “Studium geometrie seismicky aktivní struktury v epicentrální oblasti Nový Kostel (západní Čechy).„ úsp ěšn ě obhájené na P řírodov ědecké fakult ě Masarykovy univerzity v roce 2011 s výborným hodnocením. Autor práci p řepracoval do anglického jazyka, doplnil řadu nových analýz, nahradil n ěkteré p ůvodní metody čist ě geofyzikálními a pln ě objektivními a celkov ě výrazn ě zvýšil objektivitu p ředpoklad ů i výsledk ů práce. Prolog This study was created by significant extension of the author’s diploma thesis “Study of geometry of the seismo-active structure in the epicentral area Nový Kostel (western Bohemia).„ successfully defended on Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, in 2011 with the excellent grade. Author remade his study into the english language, he added a number of new analyzes and replaced some of the original methods by objective pure geophysical methods. And overall, he significantly increased the objectivity of assumptions and results of the work. Abstrakt Seismiská energie se v regionu západních Čech uvol ňuje v n ěkolika epicentrálních oblastí. Nejvýznamn ější aktivita je pozorována v epicentrální oblasti tvaru excentrické elipsy blízko vesnice Nový Kostel. Hlavním zám ěrem této práce je popsat prostorové rozmíst ění hypocenter zem ětřesení v seismicky aktivní zón ě Nový Kostel a detailní výzkum geometrie aktivní struktury. Data použitá pro tuto studii pocházejí z bulletin ů zem ětřesení v západních Čechách detekovaných monitorovací sítí Kraslice (KRASNET). Tato data obsahují více než 5000 jev ů lokalizovaných v epicentrální oblasti Nový Kostel. Výsledky výzkumu prostorového rozmíst ění hypocenter ukazují, že hypocentra nejsou v celé zón ě rozmíst ěny uniform ě, ale spíše v n ěkolika shlucích. Tyto prostorové shluky jsou v této práci rozd ěleny do p ěti skupin na základ ě jejich vzájemné prostorové pozice a podobností v jejich geometrii. V období mezi 30. dubnem 1991 a 11. zá ří 2008 byly rozpoznány mikro- seismické roje, mikro-roje a krátkodobé zm ěny aktivity v rámci hlavních roj ů. Shluky hypocenter jednotlivých mikro-roj ů jsou podrobn ě popsány jejich geometrií (sklonem a sm ěrem spádnice) spole čně s intervaly spolehlivosti t ěchto hodnot p ři úrovni spolehlivosti 95%. Výsledný sklon a sm ěr spádnice celé seismicky aktivní zóny je odlišný od statisticky významného sklonu a sm ěru ze všech mikro-rojových shluk ů hypocenter. Pr ůměrný sklon mikro-rojových shluk ů je 86° (na západ) a pr ůměrný sm ěr spádnice mikro-rojových shluk ů je 271° (o 9° v ětší než sm ěr celé zóny). Navíc n ěkteré vlastní mikro-rojové shluky hypocenter o horizontální délce v ětší než 500 metr ů mají prokazateln ě odlišný sklon, nebo sm ěr spádnice, než celá aktivní zóna. Tyto výsledky vedou k záv ěru, že seismicky aktivní zóna Nový Kostel je komplexní aktivní struktura složená z mnoha zlom ů, spíše než jedna zlomová plocha. Abstract The seismic energy in the region of western Bohemia is radiated from a few epicentral areas. The most significant activity has the epicentral area with shape of very excentric ellipse close to village Nový Kostel. The main purpose of this study is to investigate distribution of the hypocentres in the seismo-active zone Nový Kostel and describe geometry of the active structure. The data used for this study originate from the bulletins of the Kraslise monitoting network (KRASNET) and includes more than 5000 localized events from the area of interest. Results from spatial distribution of the hypocentres indicate, that hypocentres are not distributed in the whole area uniformly but mostly in the several clusters. These spatial clusters are divided into five groups of clusters on the basis of their mutual position and similarities in geometry. The micro-seismic swarms, micro-swarms and short-term variations within the major swarms are distinguished in data from period 30th April 1991 to 11th September 2008. The micro-swarm clusters of hypocentres are investigated in detail and the geometrical properties of them are determined together with the total errors on confidence level 95%. Resulting dip and also dip bearing of the whole seismo-active zone is a little different than statistically significant directions from the micro-swarm clusters. The average dip of the micro- swarm clusters is 86 degrees (to the West) and the average dip bearing of the micro-swarm clusters is 271 degrees (9° higher than the whole zone). Also some of the individual micro-swarm clusters of horizontal length bigger than 500 meters have different (usually higher) dip or dip bearing than the whole seismo-active zone. This leads to the conclusion that seismo-active zone Nový Kostel is more complex active structure of several faults than single active fault zone. Content 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 11 1.1 GEOLOGICAL SETTINGS .............................................................................................. 11 1.2 MICROSEISMIC ACTIVITY IN THE EPICENTRAL AREA NOVÝ KOSTEL ........................ 11 2 KRASNET MONITORING NETWORK ................................................................ 13 2.1 MONITORING NETWORK REVIEW ............................................................................... 13 2.2 EVENTS LOCATION ACCURACY ................................................................................... 14 3 DISTRIBUTION OF THE HYPOCENTRES ....................................................... 19 3.1 LOCATIONS OF THE EVENTS ....................................................................................... 19 3.2 CLUSTERS OF THE HYPOCENTRES ............................................................................. 20 3.3 GROUPS OF THE SPATIAL CLUSTERS ......................................................................... 22 4 DISTRIBUTION OF THE MICROSEISMIC SWARMS .................................. 29 4.1 THE MAIN SWARMS ..................................................................................................... 29 4.2 MICRO -SWARMS AND SHORT -TERM VARIATIONS WITHIN THE MAJOR SWARMS .... 33 5 GEOMETRY OF THE SEISMO-ACTIVE STRUCTURE ................................ 39 5.1 SEISMO -ACTIVE ZONE AND SPATIAL CLUSTERS ........................................................ 39 5.2 ACTIVATED MICRO -SWARM CLUSTERS ...................................................................... 40 5.3 COMPARISON OF THE GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF ACTIVATED CLUSTERS WITH THE WHOLE SEISMO -ACTIVE ZONE ....................................................................................... 44 6 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................... 47 7 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................... 48 8 ACKNOWLEDGES ..................................................................................................... 49 9 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ 50 10 ANNEX 1. – TABLES ...................................................................................................I 10.1 DETECTED MICRO -SWARMS ...................................................................................... I 10.2 THE GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF THE MICRO -SWARM CLUSTERS ................ III 11 ANNEX 2. – MATHEMATICAL METHODS ....................................................... V 11.1 SELF -ORGANIZING FEATURE MAPS ....................................................................... V 11.2 POWER -LAW ............................................................................................................
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