DOCSLIB.ORG

Genetic Regulation of the Type III Secretion System and Its Potential Effect on the Lateral Flagella System in Aeromonas Hydrophila AH-3

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Genetic Regulation of the Type III Secretion System and Its Potential Effect on the Lateral Flagella System in Aeromonas Hydrophila AH-3 Genetic regulation of the Type III Secretion System and its potential effect on the lateral flagella system in Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3 Yuhang Zhao (Bsc, Msc) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Infection and Immunity The Medical School The University of Sheffield Oct 2014 I Summary Aeromonas species are ubiquitous water-borne bacteria that are able to cause a variety of diseases in poikilothermics and humans. Aeromonas hydrophila is one of the most pathogenic species, responsible for aeromonad septicaemia in fish, gastroenteritis and wound infections in humans. The T3SS is utilized to inject protein effectors directly into host cells. One of the major genetic regulators of the T3SS in several Gram-negative bacterial species is the AraC-like protein ExsA. Lateral flagella are expressed by bacteria upon contact with host cells or a surface and are required for host cell adherence and biofilm formation. However, no direct link between the T3SS and the lateral flagella system has yet been found in A. hydrophila. Moreover, the genetic regulation of the T3SS that involves the master regulator ExsA has not been determined in A. hydrophila AH-3. The aim of this project is to determine the genetic regulation of the T3SS and the potential interaction between the T3SS and the lateral flagella system in A. hydrophila AH-3. The genes encoding the T3SS regulatory components including exsA, exsD, exsC and exsE were mutated and the activities of the T3SS promoters were measured in exs mutant backgrounds. The interactions between each of the Exs proteins were investigated using BACTH assay and Far-Western Blot. Together, the findings suggested a regulatory cascade that the effector protein ExsE was bound to the chaperone protein ExsC, which sequestered the anti-activator ExsD from inhibiting the T3SS master regulator ExsA via direct protein-protein interactions. The T3SS regulatory components were also shown to affect the expression of the lateral flagella system using swarming assays. The activities of the lateral flagella promoters were shown to be repressed by the absence of ExsD and ExsE, suggesting that the T3SS master regulator ExsA was a negative regulator of the lateral flagella system. II Acknowledgment First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Jonathan Shaw for giving me the opportunity to undertake this PhD project in his laboratory. I appreciate not only his guidance and professional advice but also his wonderful personality that ease the pressure and stress throughout the project. It is the reason why I chose to continue to do my PhD after my Msc project with Jon. Also thanks for giving me my English name ‘Bob’. I would also like to thank Dr. Mark Thomas, Dr. Graham Stafford and Dr. Endre Kiss-Toth who have provided me with their technical advice and support. I wish to thank all my collegues in the Department of Infection and Immunity. Especially Dr. Nahal Hadi, Dr. Jennifer Parker, Dr. Richard Jones, Dr. Asma Ahmad, Dr. Manal Almahmeed, Dr. Sabela Balboa Mendez as well as Tessabelle Sultana, Zeren Liu, Rebecca Lowry, Jamie Hall, Ruyue Sun, Helena Spiewak, Wanling Wong, Shengtao Rui and Ben Harvey for the help and the time we spent together in the ‘scientific frontier’. My thanks would also extend to the technicians in the department for the media prepared by them and autoclaving for me. I would like to deeply thank my mother and father for their greatest love and understanding as your only son has been away from you for over eight years. You have always believed in me even through the most difficult times. Your supports both financially and mentally have encouraged me to finish my degrees in the UK. Finally, I would express my deepest thanks to my girlfriend Jiule whom I shall propose to after finishing my PhD. It was your love and encouragement that made me a better person. There is nobody else that I would rather spend the rest of my life with. Thank you for all the time and delicious food we shared together. Thank you for being the light of my life. Thank you for staying by my side and I wish to do so ever after. Without you all, I wouldn’t have made it to this point. III Table of Contents: Summary ................................................................................................................ II Acknowledgment .................................................................................................. III List of Figures .................................................................................................... VIII List of Tables ...................................................................................................... XIII Abrreviations ...................................................................................................... XIV Chapter 1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 The genus Aeromonas ................................................................................ 2 1.2 Ecology ....................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Epidemiology .............................................................................................. 7 1.3.1 Gastroenteritis .................................................................................. 7 1.4 Pathogenicity and virulence factors ............................................................ 9 1.4.1 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ................................................................. 9 1.4.2 S-layers .......................................................................................... 10 1.4.3 Enterotoxins .................................................................................... 10 1.5 Flagella Systems ...................................................................................... 11 1.5.1 Structural composition of the flagella system .................................. 12 1.5.2 Lateral flagella system in A. hydrophila ........................................... 14 1.6. Type III secretion system ......................................................................... 23 1.6.1 Effector proteins of T3SS in Aeromonas spp. ................................. 24 1.6.2 The chaperone proteins and the constitution of T3SS in A. hydrophila ................................................................................................................ 26 1.6.3 Regulation of the T3SS ................................................................... 33 1.7 Project hypothesis and objectives ............................................................. 38 Chapter 2. Methods and Materials ...................................................................... 39 2.1 Media, bacterial strains, plasmids and antibiotics used in this study ......... 40 2.1.1 Luria Bertani Agar (LB agar) ........................................................... 40 2.1.2 Luria Bertani Broth (LB broth) ......................................................... 40 2.1.3 Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) ................................................... 40 IV 2.1.4 Swarming agar ................................................................................ 40 2.1.5 Bacterial Growth ............................................................................. 43 2.2 Chromosomal DNA extraction ................................................................... 50 2.5.1 Buffer Preparation ........................................................................... 50 2.3 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) ........................................................... 51 2.3.1 Normal PCR conditions ................................................................... 51 2.3.2 colony PCR screen condition .......................................................... 51 2.4 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis..................................................................... 52 2.4.1 Buffer Preparation ........................................................................... 52 2.4.2 Preparation of agarose gel .............................................................. 53 2.4.3 Gel extraction using QIAgen agarose gel extraction kit ................... 53 2.5 Restriction enzyme digestion .................................................................... 54 2.5.1 Standard reaction conditions: ......................................................... 54 2.6 PCR purification using the QIAgen PCR purification kit ............................ 54 2.7 Mini-preparation of plasmid DNA (using QIAgen plasmid extraction kit) ... 54 2.8 Ligation ..................................................................................................... 55 2.9 Preparation of competent cells.................................................................. 56 2.12.1 Buffer Preparation ......................................................................... 56 2.10 Transformation ........................................................................................ 57 2.11 Bacterial conjugation ............................................................................... 57 2.11.1 Buffer preparation ......................................................................... 58 2.12 β-Galactosidase assay ............................................................................ 58 2.12.1 Buffer Preparation: ........................................................................ 58 2.12.2 Protocol of β-galactosidase assay: ..............................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparative Genomics of the Aeromonadaceae Core Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Regions
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Diposit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Comparative Genomics of the Aeromonadaceae Core Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Regions Gabriel Forn-Cuní, Susana Merino and Juan M. Tomás * Department of Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Universidad de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08071 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] (G.-F.C.); [email protected] (S.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-93-4021486 Academic Editor: William Chi-shing Cho Received: 7 February 2017; Accepted: 26 February 2017; Published: 28 February 2017 Abstract: Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are an integral part of the Gram-negative outer membrane, playing important organizational and structural roles and taking part in the bacterial infection process. In Aeromonas hydrophila, piscicola, and salmonicida, three different genomic regions taking part in the LPS core oligosaccharide (Core-OS) assembly have been identified, although the characterization of these clusters in most aeromonad species is still lacking. Here, we analyse the conservation of these LPS biosynthesis gene clusters in the all the 170 currently public Aeromonas genomes, including 30 different species, and characterise the structure of a putative common inner Core-OS in the Aeromonadaceae family. We describe three new genomic organizations for the inner Core-OS genomic regions, which were more evolutionary conserved than the outer Core-OS regions, which presented remarkable variability. We report how the degree of conservation of the genes from the inner and outer Core-OS may be indicative of the taxonomic relationship between Aeromonas species. Keywords: Aeromonas; genomics; inner core oligosaccharide; outer core oligosaccharide; lipopolysaccharide 1.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 1: General Introduction and Aims 1.1 the Genus Cronobacter: an Introduction
    Diversity and virulence of the genus Cronobacter revealed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and comparative genomic analysis Susan Manju Joseph A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2013 Experimental work contained in this thesis is original research carried out by the author, unless otherwise stated, in the School of Science and Technology at the Nottingham Trent University. No material contained herein has been submitted for any other degree, or at any other institution. This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed in the owner(s) of the Intellectual Property Rights. Susan Manju Joseph ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my immense gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Stephen Forsythe for having offered me the opportunity to work on this very exciting project and for having been a motivating and inspiring mentor as well as friend through every stage of this PhD. His constant encouragement and availability for frequent meetings have played a very key role in the progress of this research project. I would also like to thank my co-supervisors, Dr. Alan McNally and Prof. Graham Ball for all the useful advice, guidance and participation they provided during the course of this PhD study.
    [Show full text]
  • Delineation of Aeromonas Hydrophila Pathotypes by Dectection of Putative Virulence Factors Using Polymerase Chain Reaction and N
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Kennesaw State University DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses Biology & Physics Summer 7-20-2015 Delineation of Aeromonas hydrophila Pathotypes by Dectection of Putative Virulence Factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nematode Challenge Assay John Metz Kennesaw State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/integrbiol_etd Part of the Integrative Biology Commons Recommended Citation Metz, John, "Delineation of Aeromonas hydrophila Pathotypes by Dectection of Putative Virulence Factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nematode Challenge Assay" (2015). Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses. Paper 7. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Biology & Physics at DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Delineation of Aeromonas hydrophila Pathotypes by Detection of Putative Virulence Factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nematode Challenge Assay John Michael Metz Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Integrative Biology Thesis Advisor: Donald J. McGarey, Ph.D Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Kennesaw State University ABSTRACT Aeromonas hydrophila is a Gram-negative, bacterial pathogen of humans and other vertebrates. Human diseases caused by A. hydrophila range from mild gastroenteritis to soft tissue infections including cellulitis and acute necrotizing fasciitis. When seen in fish it causes dermal ulcers and fatal septicemia, which are detrimental to aquaculture stocks and has major economic impact to the industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Aeromonas Spp.: La Infección En La Trucha Arcoíris
    AquaTIC ISSN: 1578-4541 [email protected] Universidad de Zaragoza España Zepeda-Velázquez, Andrea Paloma Aeromonas spp.: la infección en la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) y su aislamiento en México. AquaTIC, núm. 42, enero-junio, 2015, pp. 1-16 Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, España Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=49444322001 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Revista AquaTIC, nº 42 – 2015 1 Revista científica de la Sociedad Española de Acuicultura Revista AquaTIC, nº 42, pp. 01-16. Año 2015 ISSN 1578-4541 http://www.revistaaquatic.com/ Aeromonas spp.: la infección en la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) y su aislamiento en México. Andrea Paloma1o Zepeda-Velázquez Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 15.5. Toluca 50200, México, México. e-mail: [email protected] Resumen El género Aeromonas incluye bacterias Gram negativas que se encuentran ampliamente distribuidas en ambientes acuáticos. Estos microorganismos afectan a una amplia variedad de especies animales, incluido el hombre. En acuicultura, diversas especies de Aeromonas infectan especies de cultivo y producen pérdidas económicas significativas. De manera particular, la producción de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) contribuye significativamente en la acuicultura de México. En este trabajo se revisa la patogenia de las especies de Aeromonas que infectan a la trucha arcoíris, así como los diversos factores que modifican esta interacción.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf 873.73 K
    Zagazig J. Agric. Res., Vol. 47 No. (1) 2020 179 -179197 Biotechnology Research http:/www.journals.zu.edu.eg/journalDisplay.aspx?Journalld=1&queryType=Master ISOLATION OF Aeromonas BACTERIOPHAGE AvF07 FROM FISH AND ITS APPLICATION FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT LOCAL Aeromonas veronii AFs 2 Nahed A. El-Wafai *, Fatma I. El-Zamik, S.A.M. Mahgoub and Alaa M.S. Atia Agric. Microbiol. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt Received: 25/09/2019 ; Accepted: 25/11/2019 ABSTRACT: Aeromonas isolates from Nile tilapia fish, fish ponds and River water were identified as well as their bacteriophage specific. Also evaluation of antibacterial effect of both nanoparticles and phage therapy against the pathogenic Aeromonas veronii AFs 2. Differentiation of Aeromonas spp. was done on the basis of 25 different biochemical tests and confirmed by sequencing of 16s rRNA gene as (A. caviae AFg, A. encheleia AWz, A. molluscorum AFm, A. salmonicida AWh, A. veronii AFs 2, A. veronii bv. veronii AFi). All of the six Aeromonas strains were resistant to β-actam (amoxicillin/ lavulanic acid) antibiotics. However, the resistance to other antibiotics was variable. All Aeromonas strains were found to be resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cephradine, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, rifampin and cephalothin. Sensitivity of 6 Aeromonas strains raised against 7 concentrations of chitosan nanoparticles. Using well diffusion method spherically shaped silver nanoparticles AgNPs with an average size of ~ 20 nm, showed a great antimicrobial activity against A. veronii AFs 2 and five more strains of Aeromonas spp. At the concentration of 20, 24, 32 and 40 µg/ml. Thermal inactivation point was 84 oC for phage AvF07 which was sensitive to storage at 4 oC compared with the storage at - o 20 C.
    [Show full text]
  • An Update on the Genus Aeromonas: Taxonomy, Epidemiology, and Pathogenicity
    microorganisms Review An Update on the Genus Aeromonas: Taxonomy, Epidemiology, and Pathogenicity Ana Fernández-Bravo and Maria José Figueras * Unit of Microbiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: mariajose.fi[email protected]; Tel.: +34-97-775-9321; Fax: +34-97-775-9322 Received: 31 October 2019; Accepted: 14 January 2020; Published: 17 January 2020 Abstract: The genus Aeromonas belongs to the Aeromonadaceae family and comprises a group of Gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in aquatic environments, with some species able to cause disease in humans, fish, and other aquatic animals. However, bacteria of this genus are isolated from many other habitats, environments, and food products. The taxonomy of this genus is complex when phenotypic identification methods are used because such methods might not correctly identify all the species. On the other hand, molecular methods have proven very reliable, such as using the sequences of concatenated housekeeping genes like gyrB and rpoD or comparing the genomes with the type strains using a genomic index, such as the average nucleotide identity (ANI) or in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (isDDH). So far, 36 species have been described in the genus Aeromonas of which at least 19 are considered emerging pathogens to humans, causing a broad spectrum of infections. Having said that, when classifying 1852 strains that have been reported in various recent clinical cases, 95.4% were identified as only four species: Aeromonas caviae (37.26%), Aeromonas dhakensis (23.49%), Aeromonas veronii (21.54%), and Aeromonas hydrophila (13.07%).
    [Show full text]
  • Masarykova Univerzita V Brně Lékařská Fakulta VÝSKYT AEROMONÁD V KLINICKÉM MATERIÁLU a PROSTŘEDÍ Bakalářská Práce
    Masarykova univerzita v Brně Lékařská fakulta VÝSKYT AEROMONÁD V KLINICKÉM MATERIÁLU A PROSTŘEDÍ Bakalářská práce v oboru zdravotní laborant Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Autor: Doc. RNDr. Ivo Sedláček, CSc. Eva Kroupová Brno, duben 2012 Jméno a příjmení autora: Eva Kroupová Název bakalářské práce: Výskyt aeromonád v klinickém materiálu a prostředí Pracoviště: MU, Ústav experimentální biologie, Česká sbírka mikroorganismů Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Doc. RNDr. Ivo Sedláček, CSc. Rok obhajoby bakalářské práce: 2012 Souhrn: Ve své práci se věnuji popisu rodu Aeromonas, jejich možnostem izolace a identifikace, která je důležitá zejména v klinické humánní medicíně. Klíčová slova: rod Aeromonas, identifikace, aeromonádové infekce Souhlasím, aby práce byla půjčována ke studijním účelům a byla citována dle platných norem. Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci vypracovala samostatně pod vedením Doc. RNDr. Ivo Sedláčka, CSc. a uvedla jsem v seznamu literatury všechny odborné a literární zdroje. V Brně dne…………. ………………………………… (vlastnoruční podpis autora) Ráda bych poděkovala Doc. RNDr. Ivo Sedláčkovi, CSc. za cenné odborné rady a pomoc, kterou mi věnoval při psaní této práce. Seznam zkratek a symbolů bv. biovar DNA deoxyribonukleová kyselina PCR polymerázová řetězová reakce RNA ribonukleová kyselina spp více druhů téhož rodu (bez bližší specifikace) subsp subspecies (poddruh) TCŽS thiosulfát-citrát-žluč-sacharóza agar + pozitivní reakce - negativní reakce v variabilní realce Obsah 1. Úvod .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Identification and Characterization of Aeromonas Species Isolated from Ready- To-Eat Lettuce Products
    Master's thesis Noelle Umutoni Identification and Characterization of Aeromonas species isolated 2019 from ready-to-eat lettuce Master's thesis products. Noelle Umutoni NTNU May 2019 Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Biotechnology and Food Science Identification and Characterization of Aeromonas species isolated from ready- to-eat lettuce products. Noelle Umutoni Food science and Technology Submission date: May 2019 Supervisor: Lisbeth Mehli Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Biotechnology and Food Science Preface This thesis covers 45 ECTS-credits and was carried out as part of the M. Sc. programme for Food and Technology at the institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, faculty of natural sciences at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim in spring 2019. First, I would like to express my gratitude to my main supervisor Associate professor Lisbeth Mehli. Thank you for the laughs, advice, and continuous encouragement throughout the project. Furthermore, appreciations to PhD Assistant professor Gunn Merethe Bjørge Thomassen for valuable help in the lab. Great thanks to my family and friends for their patience and encouragement these past years. Thank you for listening, despite not always understanding the context of my studies. A huge self-five to myself, for putting in the work. Finally, a tremendous thank you to Johan – my partner in crime and in life. I could not have done this without you. You kept me fed, you kept sane. I appreciate you from here to eternity. Mama, we made it! 15th of May 2019 Author Noelle Umutoni I Abstract Aeromonas spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Septic Shock Caused by Aeromonas Daca: a Bacterium That We Have Neglected in the Past
    Septic Shock Caused By Aeromonas Daca: A Bacterium That We Have Neglected In The Past. Qiquan Zhao Chongqing University of Medical Science Clinical College: The First Aliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Yuguo Zhou Chongqing University of Medical Science Clinical College: The First Aliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Xiaoli Han ( [email protected] ) Chongqing University of Medical Science Clinical College: The First Aliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-2135 Li Jian Chongqing University of Medical Science Clinical College: The First Aliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Case report Keywords: Aeromonas daca, septic shock, case report Posted Date: April 28th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-440245/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/9 Abstract Introduction: For decades, Aeromonas daca has often been mistaken for Aeromonas hydrophila by phenotypic identication systems and shows obvious characteristics of virulence. To our knowledge, a total of two English-language studies with relatively complete data were retrieved. Case presentation: The patient, a 26-year-old male with no underlying disease, was admitted to our hospital for 3 days because of cough, expectoration and shortness of breath. According to blood and lavage uid cultures and next-generation sequencing (NGS), the patient was diagnosed with an A. daca infection. He soon deteriorated to a critical condition complicated with septic shock and died after active rescue treatment. Conclusions: A. daca infection is lethal, and an accurate taxonomy can improve our understanding of the epidemiological distribution and virulence potential of this human pathogen.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Genomics of the Aeromonadaceae Core Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Regions
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Comparative Genomics of the Aeromonadaceae Core Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Regions Gabriel Forn-Cuní, Susana Merino and Juan M. Tomás * Department of Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Universidad de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08071 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] (G.-F.C.); [email protected] (S.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-93-4021486 Academic Editor: William Chi-shing Cho Received: 7 February 2017; Accepted: 26 February 2017; Published: 28 February 2017 Abstract: Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are an integral part of the Gram-negative outer membrane, playing important organizational and structural roles and taking part in the bacterial infection process. In Aeromonas hydrophila, piscicola, and salmonicida, three different genomic regions taking part in the LPS core oligosaccharide (Core-OS) assembly have been identified, although the characterization of these clusters in most aeromonad species is still lacking. Here, we analyse the conservation of these LPS biosynthesis gene clusters in the all the 170 currently public Aeromonas genomes, including 30 different species, and characterise the structure of a putative common inner Core-OS in the Aeromonadaceae family. We describe three new genomic organizations for the inner Core-OS genomic regions, which were more evolutionary conserved than the outer Core-OS regions, which presented remarkable variability. We report how the degree of conservation of the genes from the inner and outer Core-OS may be indicative of the taxonomic relationship between Aeromonas species. Keywords: Aeromonas; genomics; inner core oligosaccharide; outer core oligosaccharide; lipopolysaccharide 1. Introduction Aeromonads are an heterogeneous group of Gram-negative bacteria emerging as important pathogens of both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases in a great evolutionary range of animals: from fish to mammals, including humans [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Autónoma Del Estado De México
    UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO MAESTRÍA Y DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES “ACTIVIDAD HEMOAGLUTINANTE DE DIFERENTES ESPECIES DEL GÉNERO AEROMONAS” T E S I S QUE PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAESTRA EN CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES PRESENTA: MARICRUZ GONZÁLEZ GÓMEZ El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México, Noviembre 2020. UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO MAESTRÍA Y DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES “ACTIVIDAD HEMOAGLUTINANTE DE DIFERENTES ESPECIES DEL GÉNERO AEROMONAS” T E S I S QUE PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAESTRA EN CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES PRESENTA: MARICRUZ GONZÁLEZ GÓMEZ COMITÉ DE TUTORES Dr. Edgardo Soriano Vargas Dra. Celene Salgado Miranda Dr. Vicente Vega Sánchez El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México. Noviembre 2020 UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO MAESTRÍA Y DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES “ACTIVIDAD HEMOAGLUTINANTE DE DIFERENTES ESPECIES DEL GÉNERO AEROMONAS” T E S I S QUE PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAESTRA EN CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RECURSOS NATURALES PRESENTA: MARICRUZ GONZÁLEZ GÓMEZ COMITÉ DE TUTORES Director de Tesis: Dr. Edgardo Soriano Vargas Co-Directores: Dra. Celene Salgado Miranda Dr. Vicente Vega Sánchez El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México. Noviembre 2020. DEDICATORIA Remar mar adentro sin dudar, ni la tormenta, ni el rugir del mar te harán caer y desertar… ¡NO DUDES MAS! Yo soy la calma a la tempestad, juntos por siempre en este viaje hasta el final. REMA, REMA, REMA MAR ADENTRO. Eres una mujer que simplemente me llena de orgullo, te amo y no habrá manera de regresar tanto que has hecho y dejado de hacer por mí, incluso desde antes de nacer.
    [Show full text]
  • Aeromonas Strains
    A Rapid MALDI-TOF MS Identification Database at Genospecies Level for Clinical and Environmental Aeromonas Strains Cinzia Benagli1*, Antonella Demarta1, AnnaPaola Caminada1, Dominik Ziegler2, Orlando Petrini1, Mauro Tonolla1,3 1 Institute of Microbiology, Bellinzona, Switzerland, 2 Mabritec AG, Riehen, Switzerland, 3 Microbial Ecology, Microbiology Unit, Plant Biology Department University of Geneva, Gene`ve, Switzerland Abstract The genus Aeromonas has undergone a number of taxonomic and nomenclature revisions over the past 20 years, and new (sub)species and biogroups are continuously described. Standard identification methods such as biochemical characterization have deficiencies and do not allow clarification of the taxonomic position. This report describes the development of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identification database for a rapid identification of clinical and environmental Aeromonas isolates. Citation: Benagli C, Demarta A, Caminada A, Ziegler D, Petrini O, et al. (2012) A Rapid MALDI-TOF MS Identification Database at Genospecies Level for Clinical and Environmental Aeromonas Strains. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48441. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048441 Editor: Mikael Skurnik, University of Helsinki, Finland Received May 10, 2012; Accepted September 25, 2012; Published October 31, 2012 Copyright: ß 2012 Benagli et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: No current external funding sources for this study. Competing Interests: The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following conflicts: Dominik Ziegler is employed by Mabritec AG.
    [Show full text]