Steven De Groote (1953-1989)

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Steven De Groote (1953-1989) STEVEN DE GROOTE (1953-1989): Die loopbaan van 'n Suid-Afrikaanse konsertpianis. DEUR CARA KLEYNHANS WERKSTUK INGELEWER TER GEDEELTELIKE VOLDOENING AAN DIE VEREISTES VIR DIE GRAAD VAN MAGISTER MUSICAE (UITVOERENDE KUNS) IN DIE LETTERE EN WYSBEGEERTE AAN DIE UNIVERSITEIT VAN STELLENBOSCH. DESEMBER 2007 STUDIELEIER: PROF. W. LÜDEMANN VERKLARING Ek, die ondergetekende, verklaar hiermee dat die werk in hierdie werkstuk vervat, my eie oorspronklike werk is en dat ek dit nie vantevore in die geheel of gedeeltelik by enige universiteit ter verkryging van 'n graad voorgelê het nie. CARA KLEYNHANS Desember 2007 Kopiereg ©2007 Universiteit van Stellenbosch Alle regte voorbehou OPSOMMING Steven De Groote (1953-1989) was een van die suksesvolste pianiste wat Suid-Afrika nog opgelewer het. Sy internasionale aansien is grootliks te danke aan sy verowering van die Van Cliburn Internasionale Klavierkompetisie se gesogte Eerste Prys in 1977, die enigste Suid-Afrikaner wat tot op hede hierdie prestasie kon behaal. As sulks is hy 'n belangrike figuur in die Suid-Afrikaanse musiekgeskiedenis. In die lig daarvan dat die uitvoerende musikus se uitvoerings van verbygaande aard is en sy nalatenskap daarom nie in alle opsigte tasbaar is nie, word daar in die inleiding kortliks gepoog om die besonderse metodologiese problematiek verbonde aan die skryf van 'n uitvoerende musikus se biografie te belig. Die fokus in hierdie biografie val op De Groote se talle prestasies en veral op sy loopbaan as konsertpianis. Dit bevat besprekings rondom sy jeugjare, studiejare, die invloed van kompetisies en dan spesifiek dié van die 1977 Van Cliburn Internasionale Klavierkompetisie op sy loopbaan en lewe. Besprekings rondom sy pianistiese styl, De Groote as leermeester en sy liefde vir kamermusiek word ook ingesluit. Daar is spesiale aandag geskenk aan De Groote se bydrae tot die Suid-Afrikaanse musiektoneel en dan veral in die lig van sy ereprofessoraat aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch gedurende 1986 en 1987, sy meestersklasse in hierdie hoedanigheid, sy gereelde optredes in Suid-Afrika en dies meer. Daar word ook aandag geskenk aan sy rol as Suid-Afrikaanse musikus in die buiteland. Die biografie word afgesluit met 'n kortlikse bespreking van sy vliegtuigongeluk en die invloed daarvan op sy konsertloopbaan en pianisme. SUMMARY Steven De Groote (1953-1989) was one of the most successful pianists to have emerged from South Africa. His international reputation rests largely on the fact that he won first prize in the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition in 1977, the only South African to date to have achieved this feat. As such he must be recognized as an important figure in the music history of South Africa. Because the performing musician’s product is transitory in nature and therefore his/her legacy is not tangible in all respects, the introduction to the thesis discusses the specific methodological problems arising from this fact in respect of the writing of a biography. The focus in this biography is on De Groote’s numerous achievements and especially on his career as concert pianist. It includes a discussion of his formative years, his subsequent years of study and the influence of competitions, and more specifically the 1977 Van Cliburn competition on his career. Discussion of his pianistic style, De Groote as teacher and his love for chamber music is also included. De Groote’s contribution to the South African musical scene is highlighted, especially his honorary professorship at the University of Stellenbosch during 1986 and 1987, as are his master classes in this capacity and his regular performances in South Africa. His role as a South African musician abroad is also examined. The biography is concluded with a brief discussion of his airplane accident and the influence this had on his career as a pianist and on his playing. STEVEN DE GROOTE 12 Januarie 1953 - 22 Mei 1989 INHOUDSOPGAWE 1. INLEIDING ..................................................................................................................................... 1 2. BEDANKINGS ................................................................................................................................7 3. AGTERGROND VAN DIE DE GROOTE-GESIN ..................................................................... 9 4. DIE JEUGJARE VAN STEVEN DE GROOTE ........................................................................ 15 5. STEVEN DE GROOTE SE KLAVIERONDERRIG EN STUDIEJARE ............................... 25 6. KOMPETISIES ............................................................................................................................. 33 7. DIE VYFDE VAN CLIBURN INTERNASIONALE KLAVIERKOMPETISIE (1977) ....... 40 8. DIE OORWINNING WAS NOG NIE BEHAAL NIE, VIR DE GROOTE HET DIE (WED)STRYD NOU EERS BEGIN ............................................................................................ 55 9. STEVEN DE GROOTE AS PIANIS ........................................................................................... 72 10. STEVEN DE GROOTE WAS NOOIT SUID-AFRIKA SE VERLORE SEUN ..................... 93 11. STEVEN DE GROOTE AS LEERMEESTER ........................................................................ 101 12. STEVEN DE GROOTE SE ONBEKENDE LIEFDE: KAMERMUSIEK............................ 108 13. THE MAN WHO FELL TO EARTH ....................................................................................... 114 14. SLOT ............................................................................................................................................ 120 15. BYLAE ......................................................................................................................................... 121 15.1 BYLAAG 1: KONSERTSKEDULE VAN DIE LEVENTRITT KOMPETISIE, DIE YCA Inc. EN DIE CLIBURN FOUNDATION...............................................................121 15.2 BYLAAG 2: SUID-AFRIKAANSE KONSERTSKEDULE ..........................................128 15.3 BYLAAG 3: REPERTORIUMLYS................................................................................136 15.4 BYLAAG 4: DISKOGRAFIE...........................................................................................142 16. BRONNELYS .............................................................................................................................. 145 1 1. INLEIDING Steven De Groote (alhoewel onkonvensioneel in Suid-Afrika, is dit die korrekte spelling in België) was een van die suksesvolste pianiste wat Suid-Afrika nog opgelewer het en het hom as mededingend op die internasionale forum bewys. Sy internasionale aansien is grootliks te danke aan sy verowering van die Van Cliburn Internasionale Klavierkompetisie se gesogte Eerste Prys in 1977, die enigste Suid-Afrikaner wat tot op hede hierdie prestasie kon behaal. Die leser kan hom net indink watter hoogtes De Groote sou bereik het indien hy nie op die jeugdige ouderdom van ses en dertig jaar oorlede is nie. Nogtans is hy 'n belangrike figuur in die Suid-Afrikaanse musiekgeskiedenis. Ten spyte van hierdie prestasie en verskeie opnames wat De Groote nagelaat het, is hy egter vir vele musiekliefhebbers steeds onbekend. Daar bestaan letterlik geen literatuur oor hom om die nagedagtenis aan dit wat hy bereik het lewend te hou nie. Gevolglik is die skryf van hierdie biografie bedoel om 'n stukkie van die Suid-Afrikaanse musiekgeskiedenis te dokumenteer. Terselfdertyd sal dit vir pianiste as 'n bron van inligting dien aangesien baie aspekte van die uitvoerende kuns, en veral De Groote se siening daarvan, ook beskryf word. By die bestudering van die inligting het ek onder die indruk gekom van De Groote se deursettingsvermoë, individualisme, asook sy eerlikheid in die voordra van die komponis se werke (d.w.s. die soeke na en oordra van die komponis se intensies), iets waarvoor hy wêreldwyd gerespekteer is. Dit het my aangespoor om die biografie te voltooi – en veral sodat ander jong opkomende Suid-Afrikaanse pianiste dit as 'n aansporing kan gebruik en ingelig kan wees rondom dit waarvoor hulle hulle inlaat as hulle toekomsdroom is om 'n konsertpianis te wees. In hierdie biografie val die fokus slegs op De Groote se talle prestasies en veral op sy loopbaan as konsertpianis. Ander aspekte wat normaalweg in 'n biografie hoort – soos byvoorbeeld gesins- en persoonlike verhoudings – sou die bestek van die tesis oorskry en is gevolglik nie ingesluit nie. Baie van De Groote se familie is nog in die lewe en daar was 'n defnitiewe terughoudendheid van hulle kant af om behulpsaam te wees met verskaffing van inligting. Al die relevante persoonlike inligting om 'n volledige biografie te skryf sou dus in elk geval nie bekom kon word nie. 2 Die studie steun gevolglik hoofsaaklik op bronne vanuit publieke oorsprong en inligting van vriende, asook persone met wie daar 'n professionele verhouding was. Die oogpunt is om 'n “mosaïek waarin elke klein steentjie sy besonderse plek vind” (Kannemeyer, 2006:54) te skep vanuit die relevante feite. Dit dan ook sonder selektiewe weglating van negatiwiteite soos byvoorbeeld negatiewe resensies wat noodwendig na van sy optredes verskyn het. Vervolgens word Kannemeyer (2006:54) verder aangehaal: “Jy skryf nie die boek self nie, jy begelei net die materiaal en dui die plek aan waar elke stukkie gegewe moet teregkom.” Ten spyte van die feit dat naby familie 'n terughoudende houding ingeneem het, sou min inligting oor De Groote se musikale loopbaan verlore gegaan het. Die rede hiervoor is dat De Groote 'n openbare
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