Septembe; 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24393 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS AN ACTON TIME CAPSULE troops in the Civil War to march through And they perform these tasks exceedingly Baltimore, heading South. well. They should not be criticized: they HON. CHESTER G. ATKINS With the routing of the Fitchburg Rail­ should be congratulated. My hat goes off to road through Acton in 1844, there began a postmasters, to all postal employees and to OF MASSACHUSETTS period of industrial growth. The first de­ the Federal civil servant. Congratulations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES partment store, the Jordan Marsh of its on a job well done. Thursday, September 19, 1985 day, was located in Exchange Hall, right on Following is the text of Mr. Costin's Mr. ATKINS. Mr. Speaker, this weekend the railroad. But for nearly 100 years, from speech: the town of Acton, MA, is celebrating its the Civil War to World War II, Acton re­ This is an auspicious occasion for it is one 250th anniversary. It is with great pride mained a small agricultural town of apple of the few times that the Members of these that I bring to the attention of my col­ orchards and market gardens supplying two very important constituencies, Members Metropolitan Boston. The unchanging of Congress and Members of the Board of leagues the story of this historic town. Governors, both of whom directly affect our In 1635, Concord was the first settlement scene of Acton is illustrated by Acton Center being listed in the National Registry Postal Service, can sit facing those individ­ of the Massachusetts Bay Colony to be es­ uals who have the task of managing the tablished inland, away from tidal waters. as an example of a typical 19th century vil­ lage and common, with the original build­ Postal Service on a day to day basis. The Where the Assabet and Sudbury Rivers people before you are the ones who inter­ ing intact. joined to form the Concord River, there face directly with postal customers. There is After World War II, people began to were broad, fertile meadows ideally suited no other layer of management between for a small farming community intending move out to the country, from Boston on to them and the American people. We are the to live gracefully in Concord. towns like Acton. From the 1950's to the ones who raise the American flag, who early present, Acton has experienced a period of in the morning accept the mail for delivery, The northwestern part of the town was a tremendous growth with many new busi­ who open the sacks, who sort the mail, little more hilly and came to be called the nesses being established and many new answer the phone, write the letters, sell the village. It was in the village that the first schools built to serve the rapid population stamps, collect the revenues and fill out the industries developed-a fulling mill and an growth. avalanche of reports. In other words we are ironworks that was the direct forerunner of the ones who, from hamlet to hamlet, from Today Action is a growing community of the Saugus Ironworks. The original build­ village to village, and city to city, run the traditional values, a reflection of a picture ings of these industries are still standing. Postal Service for the American people. We book New England town, proud of its past One, the Faulkner House, is listed in the are called Postmasters. For 346 years, since and looking forward to the future. 1639, when the General Court of Massachu­ National Register of Historic Buildings. setts by law authorized Richard Fairbanks The other, the Ironworks Farm, is soon to to accept letters to be sent by way of sea be included in that list. With a good eco­ CONGRESSMAN PAYS TRIBUTE captains to England and to receive letters in nomic base of farming and industry evident TO POSTAL SERVICE return, we have been performing our task here, the Massachusetts General Court de­ and performing it well. creed that "* • • said farms be and hereby Perhaps the postal climate was best de­ are set off, constituted and erected into a HON. FRANK HORTON scribed for us by Charles Dickens in the first paragraph of his classic "A Tale of Two separate township by the name of Acton" OF NEW YORK on July 3, 1735, thus separating Acton from Cities" when he said "It was the best of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES times, it was the worst of times, it was the Concord. age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, Acton is a town of firsts in the history of Thursday, September 19, 1985 it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch the United States. Crown Resistance Day Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, last week it of disbelief, it was the season of light, it was commemorates one of the first decisions was my privilege to attend the National As­ the season of darkness, it was the spring of made by town meeting vote in 177 4 to resist sociation of Postmasters of the United hope, it was the winter of despair, we had paying the Crown taxes during the political States convention in Las Vegas, NV. This everything before us, we had nothing before turmoil before the Revolutionary War. As organization represents more than 25,000 us." End of quote. I can truthfully say to all present that noted in this meeting, "Life and Death­ postmasters from across the country. Freedom or Slavery is before us." this may not be the best of times but it is NAPUS President, Thomas P. Costin, is an certainly not the worst of times for the Captain Isaac Davis, commander of the effective, capable and compassionate United States Postal Service. Let us exam­ Acton Minute Men, was the first man to leader, a man whom I have worked with ine some postal periods to see how Dickens fall in action at the Battle of the North closely over the years on a number of would have described them. Bridge, the beginning of the Revolutionary issues affecting Federal and postal employ­ Dickens would have said that the late War. It was Davis who stated: "I haven't a ees, as well as on the operation of the 1960's were the worst of times for the man who is afraid to go." With him died Postal Service in general. Tom's speech at United States Postal Service. It was then that day Abner Hosmer and Joseph Hay­ this convention was aimed at postmasters, that the Service ground to a halt in Chica­ go, and the mail could not be moved ward. As Ralph Waldo Emerson immortal­ although its theme was universal to all ized their deed decades later. through the city; it was then that Postal public servants. I think it is something that Unions threatened to strike, and in some Here once the embattled farmers stood, we in this House can benefit from, and that cities did; when the Congress of the United And fired the shot heard round the world. is why I am asking that it be inserted in States did not authorize enough funds for All three heroes of the opening day of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. the Postal Service to operate the entire the Revolutionary War are buried opposite As we consider legislation affecting fiscal year, and we as postmasters had to sit town hall in Acton Center at the foot of the postal and Federal employees, let us not and wait for a continuing resolution to be obelisk resting on a pedestal whose sides forget the important role these few million passed by the Congress of the United States to supply the funds to open our Post Office rise in Romanesque arches made of "native Americans play in our daily lives. They doors to give service. And even though post­ granite," as decreed by the Massachusetts bring us our mail; they defend our Nation; masters were not responsible for any of the Legislature. they enforce our laws; they conduct medi­ problems, we had the responsibility of Another first credited to Acton is that cal research; they administer programs for seeing to it that the mail service was still the Davis Blues were the first Northern the sick and the elderly, and on and on. provided to the American people. Looking at

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member of the Senate on the floor. Boldface type indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 24394 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 the situation as it existed, our future was annual leave to reduce work hours, doing <2> Evaluate regional, district and section­ not bright. Dickens would have said "We anything and everything to hold the oper­ al center levels of management to obtain had nothing before us." ation together. Most postmasters who are maximum management efficiency. It was for these reasons that I as the Na­ meeting their plan for the year are in trou­ <3> Put out our entire real estate oper­ tional President in 1969 recommended to ble for not meeting their "revised goals", ation to experts in the real estate field. this organization that we support postal re­ which they all have been assigned. In a (4} Eliminate task forces and put every­ organization, which we in turn did support. great many instances the goals are unattain­ body doing what they should be doing, that Dickens would have seen the first years of able. The postmasters are being subjected to is, processing and delivering the mail. In postal reorganization 1971 through 1975 as severe stress because of what is going on. other words "stick to our knitting". There "the season of light" for the Postal Service, On Monday afternoon, August 19th, your are too many people counting the mail in­ for it was then we started to revamp postal National Secretary/Treasurer Bob Graves, stead of working the mail. management. It was then we started to mod­ your Executive Director Frank Miklozek (5} Find a better employee selection proc­ ernize our facilities. It was then we started and I, met with Postmaster General Paul ess. Area registers are not working-they to mechanize and automate. It was "the Carlin and Senior Assistant· Postmaster are adding to our problems. epoch of belief" because postmasters were General Mike Coughlin about the present (6} Postmasters need additional flexibility truly consulted by postal management. deficit and the attending postmaster prob­ in order to continue their management con­ But the "winter of despair" set in in 1975, lems brought on by this new crisis. tributions toward a more efficient Postal when the Postal Service found itself in an­ In our open dialogue with the Postmaster Service. Work rules require changes. There­ other crisis. It was "the epoch of disbelief" General we reiterated that we are manage­ fore postmasters should recommend work according to Dickens, because there was an ment organization dedicated to working rule changes and modifications so that we accumulative deficit of $1.6 billion; and be­ with the Board of Governors and the Post­ will be fully prepared for the next craft ne­ cause of the weight of this fiscal problem, master General to solve our present postal gotiations where this must be accomplished. the Postal Service tried to compensate by problems as we have done so many times in <7> The Board of Governors needs a very reducing service. 600 small p'ost offices were the past. small technical staff of people to research slated to be closed; door and curbline deliv­ In the course of the 2¥2 hour meeting, I postal problems and give objective and unbi­ ery were abandoned for new residential ad­ shared with Paul Carlin the fact that post­ ased information to develop viable options dresses; in some regions there was a freeze masters are experiencing great difficulties for Board decisions. The small staff could on new hires. Local mail was mixed with during this fiscal crisis. I gave him examples also ensure that policy is carried out by area mail, slowing it down. Collections from of the threats being made to postmasters postal management. corner mail deposit boxes were restricted. who are having problems trying to meet Sell the corporate jet. The reasons given for the economic postal their revised budgets, and I strongly sug­ <9> The Postal Service for efficiency and ills of 1975 and 1976 were four. gested that because of some of the methods economic reasons should advise NAPUS and <1 > The high rate of inflation of those used to get the short term fiscal gains, man­ the League of Postmasters that they must years. agement efficiency and services could erode merge. <2> Cost of living increase of postal work­ over the long course. <10> Please listen more to what your post­ ers. I reminded him that his desire to fully im­ masters are telling you. Develop a quality of (3} The increased cost of gasoline prices to plement his quality of worklife program for worklife involvement process for postmas­ the Service because of OPEC actions. all employees is going to be hard to imple­ ters. If you do so, there will be fewer mis­ <4> In 1975 mail volume declined for the ment because postmasters themselves are takes and more efficiency. first time since the depression of 1930. not being treated by some of their superiors Crisis can be a combination of danger and Again in each one of these instances the the way their superiors themselves would opportunity. At some future date this crisis postmasters had no control. We had no con­ want to be treated. He became concerned epoch of postal history will be looked upon trol over inflation. We had no control over that this was taking place and asked for as Dickens wrote "It was the Spring of cost of living increases. We had no control some specific examples. Specifics were pro­ Hope." Working hand in hand with the over the increased cost of gasoline prices. vided. I hope that we will see a reversal of Postmaster General, with the Members of We had no control over the declining this trend on the part of our superiors in Congress, with the Board of Governors, volume of mail. Yet postmasters were still the very near future. postal officials at all levels must work to a held responsible for delivering the mail on a One of the main planks in Paul Carlin's common postal goal. That goal was mandat­ day to day basis. In spite of these difficul­ program to build a superior Postal Service is ed by the Constitution to guarantee to the ties postmasters working in concert with our the need for all of us to work and live by the American people a universal postal service­ postal superiors and the Congress, overcame golden rule that says: "Do unto others as a service that they can afford. In our past these problems. you would have others do unto you." history, regardless of how deep the crisis, Now once again we are passing through a What must be done to get people thinking how black the clouds, the Congress of the "season of darkness" for the Postal Service. and working toward this utopian goal? United States has never let anything or Postal deficits are high in a period just fol­ We must get together. We must make anyone drastically alter the universal char­ lowing a rate increase, a period when service headquarters, regional and district officials acter of the American Postal Service, and has deteriorated from what it had been. realize that management is not domination we must continue to maintain this through Reasons for the conditions: An arbitrated over people but rather organizing them for retention of the private express statutes. pay agreement for the craft employees that effective action in a calm. methodical and I know that I speak for postmasters when totalled $4 billion over three years; a negoti­ participative manner which alleviates crisis. I say that we will continue to strive to that ated item granting penalty overtime to craft Headquarters, the five regions and the same goal by all the means we can, in all the employees that has cost us $23 million in forty-two districts must realize there are ways we can, in all the places we can, at all the first five accounting periods; CAB three fundamental elements that are essen­ the times we can, as long as ever we can, to sunset on airlines carrying our mail that has tial to the successful management of this maintain this universal postal service. or will cost us an additional $137 million business. By working together the future will over the last fiscal year; and returning First, one set of clear-cut statements of belong to us, and we will make it, in the second class mail from bulk centers to post objectives and policies. Not five separate re­ words of Dickens "The best of times." offices for processing with an increased cost gional or forty-two separate district policies. not yet announced. Once again the postmas­ Second, policies must be kept in force long ters of this land had no control over these enough to be tested and evaluated before NATIONAL HISTORICALLY weighty and costly items, but yet we are the being changed, and most important of all BLACK COLLEGES WEEK ones looked to to put the pieces together. good communication, made up of constant This time as before, methods put forth by and habitual listening as well as telling. You some of our superiors to rectify the situa­ only learn when you listen. HON. RICHARD RAY tion have brought forth what Dickens re­ If postal people keep their eyes and ears OF GEORGIA ferred to as "the age of foolishness." open the next four days they will hear some IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hardly a day goes by that I don't receive a very constructive and positive recommenda­ call or letters of anguish from postmasters tions to improve the Postal Service. For if Thursday, September 19, 1985 who were told to reduce hours or they'll be our superiors had been listening over the Mr. RAY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to fired or downgraded or replaced. Our superi­ years they would have heard the following ors are not listening to explanations such as recommendations made by their field man­ have this opportunity to celebrate "Nation­ population growth, inexperience of new em­ agers: al Historically Black Colleges Week", Sep­ ployees, volume increases and the like. Post­ <1} Revamp top postal management-at tember 23-28. This is a week of reflection, masters are working long hours, taking headquarters we need a lean corporate staff. recognition, and remembrance for the sin- September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24395 gularly distinct contribution made to man­ nomics and agriculture are projected for with pro·PLO and anti-Zionist propaganda kind by historically black colleges. Stymied imminent implementation. posters. by racist attiturles and lack of funding, Looking ahead to the future, socially rel­ In July 1982, Nuevo Diario, a Managua these institutions have overcome these ob­ evant degree programs are being developed newspaper which closely adheres to the gov­ stacles and have produced Americans we in engineering, commercial art, allied ernment line, published an article speaking of "synagogues of satan." can all be proud of. health, and fashion merchandising. Fort The same article denounced Jews It is only proper and fitting that such Valley State College will expect its gradu­ "who . . . used the myth of God's chosen commemoration include Fort Valley State ates to capably participate in the age of in­ people to massacre the Palestinian people College, Georgia's only land-grant college formation and technology, especially those without mercy." with a predominantly black enrollment. I trained in computer science and mass com­ Two days later, Nuevo Diario charged am proud that Fort Valley State College, munications. that "the world's money, banking, and fi­ an outstanding institution of higher learn­ Colleges "can only serve us, when they nance are in the hands of descendants of ing, is in the Third Congressional District; aim not to drill, but to create; when they Jew ..." and prouder still, that a graduate of this gather from far every ray of various genius SANDINISTA TIES TO THE PLO college is a member of my district staff. to their hospitable halls, and, by the con­ "There is a longstanding blood unity be­ With a traditionally black enrollment, centrated fires, set the hearts of their youth tween us [the Sandinistasl and the Palestin­ Fort Valley State College is small in size on flame." Ralph Waldo Emerson could ians. Many of the units belonging to the and population, with a "down home" air, well have been speaking of Fort Valley Sandinista movements were at Palestinian but always maintaining a heads up atti­ State College. The flame burns brightly at Revolutionary bases in Jordan. In the early tude. Fort Valley State College is a prime Fort Valley State College, undimmed and 1970's, Nicaraguan and Palestinian blood example of progressiveness in a rural, unhidden. As more and more graduates of was spilled together in Amman and in other small-town environment: It has chosen to this institution move into other communi­ places during the 'Black September' bat­ excell, not by ignoring or minimizing its ties, into higher levels of management and tles."-Sandinista Press Spokesman Jorge surroundings, but by using them as the administration, into their proper roles in Mandi quoted in al-Watan . August basis of a launching pad to success. Fort the mainstream of American society, the 7, 1979. Valley State College has a history of out­ torch will move with them, further enhanc­ The PLO is allowed to maintain an "em­ standing achievement in agriculture and ing Fort Valley State College's reputation. bassy" in Managua with the ranking repre­ agricultural research; for many, many Mr. Speaker, I am very proud of Fort sentative holding the title of "ambassador" years, its ham and egg breakfast was the and accorded full diplomatic privileges. Valley State College and during National The only other country in the western agricultural community's event of the year. Historically Black Colleges Week, I urge From its humble beginning 95 years ago, hemisphere to allow the PLO to maintain a my colleagues to join me in saluting this fully-accredited "embassy" is Cuba. in a small two-story wooden building, Fort institution, with its persistent dedication to PLO terrorists travel with Nicaraguan Valley State College has become, in the im­ excellence and its success in making an in­ passports by special arrangement with the mortal words of Benjamin Disraeli, "a delible imprint on the lives of those who Sandinista government. place of light, of liberty, and of learning." are eager to learn and make a significant In July 1980, Yasser Arafat made a four Throughout its history, Fort Valley State contribution to our country. day "state visit" to Nicaragua. Arafat College has successfully developed and ma­ praised "the strategic and military ties be­ tured the intellectual powers of young men tween the Sandinista and Palestinian revo­ and women. Today, its graduates serve with THE SANDINISTA REVOLUTION: lutions ..." distinction in every professional area all ANTI-SEMITISM, TERRORISM, In that same visit, Arafat promised: across this great Nation. EXPANSIONISM "Anyone who threatens Nicaragua will have Fort Valley State College has been to face Palestinian combatants." guided by an illustrious group of adminis­ Commandante Tomas Borge, Nicaraguan HON. VIN WEBER Minister of the Interior: "We say to our trators, from its inception to the present: OF MINNESOTA Henry Alexander Hunt, who served on brother Arafat that Nicaragua is his land IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the PLO cause is the cause of the San­ Franklin Roosevelt's "Black Cabinet"; the dinistas." reknown educator, Horace Mann Bond; Thursday, September 19, 1985 Cornelius V. Troup, who led the college Mr. WEBER. Mr. Speaker, I would like THE REGIONAL THREAT through a period of tremendous growth to take this opportunity to share with you Once in power the Sandinista junta quick­ and development in enrollment, funding, some vital information about the anti-Se­ ly began developing a military establish­ faculty research, and campus facilities; mitic, pro-PLO nature of the Sandinistan ment unmatched in Central America. This Waldo W.E. Blanchet, who calmly steered regime in Nicaragua that was brought to expansion has been made possible only with the college through the rocky shoals of the my attention by the National Jewish Coali­ massive assistance from Cuba and the strife-ridden sixties and the unsettled sev­ Soviet Union. tion. The following is an outline of facts Sandinista Commandante Tomas Borge enties successfully; Cleveland W. Pettigrew, which reveal the truely brutal and violent stated that Nicaragua plans a "revolution who was a graduate of Fort Valley State nature of the Sandinistas toward their without borders" in which Costa Rica is College; and Luther Burse, who is presently exiled Jewish community. At the same considered the "dessert." at the helm. Dr. Burse has accepted the time, the unity between the Sandinistas and In six years the Sandinista armed forces challenge of the future with great confi­ the PLO can not be overlooked in this time have grown from less than 10,000 men to a dence and is already preparing Fort Valley of anti-American terrorists tactics. I think force that now exceeds 119,000. State College to progress to higher levels of you will find these facts insightful and in­ On May 31, 1985, two members of the achievement. formative. Costa Rican Civil Guard were killed and As America boldly marches into the 21st .ANTI-SEMITISM IN NICARAGUA nine were injured during an incursion by century, Fort Valley State College endeav­ Prior to the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaraguan armed forces into Costa Rica. ors to make an even greater contribution to 1979, the Nicaraguan Jewish community, A Sandinista-trained terrorist organiza­ a more enlightened society. The newly con­ numbering about 70 familes, had lived tion was broken up by Costa Rican authori­ structed Farm and Community Life Center peacefully in Nicaragua for nearly a centu­ ties in April1985. Its plans included the kid­ ry. The left-wing Sandinista government nappings of various Costa Rican business will facilitate invitational conferences and leaders, including several Jews. college and community based cultural and forced this small Jewish community into exile with its systematic anti-Semitic activi­ educational programs. ties. Nevertheless, even greater deeds are ex­ One Friday evening in 1978, Managua's pected of the college's division of agricul­ synagogue was fire-bombed and set aflame ture and allied programs, to provide our by Sandinista gunmen. food and protect our natural resources. Ad­ Managua's synagogue was confiscated by ditional graduate programs in home eco- the Sandinista government and adorned 24396 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 MEMORIAL HONORS FALLEN Eugene W., Seese, Robert L., Sharlock, communications. The situation we face VETERANS Robert 0., Shipman, Donovan T., Simone, today was clearly foreseen by Justice Bran­ Frank J., and Swaney, John F. Tamilitis, Norman, Tilley, William H., deis in 1928 when he said: HON.JOSEPHM.GAYDOS Toomey, William, Vinciquerra, Silvio R., Time works changes, brings into existence OF PENNSYLVANIA Wilson, John M., and Wissinger, Roy V. new conditions and purposes. Therefore a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES principle to be vital must be capable of KOREA wider application than the mischief which Thursday, September 19, 1985 Connelly, Charles K., Early, Lawrence, gave it birth... Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, on Septem­ McDonough, Jerry, and Rudge, Frederick A. The progress of science in furnishing the ber 7, 1985, a war memorial was dedicated VIETNAM government with means of espionage is not to honor the memory of veterans from Abraham, James, Greeley, Dennis A., and likely to stop with wiretapping. Ways may Swissvale, P A, who died in defense of our Horvatii, William F. some day be developed by which the govern­ Nation during World War II, Korea, and ment, without removing papers from secret drawers, can reproduce them in court, and Vietnam. ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION by which it will be enabled to expose to a The unveiling of the monument, in­ PRIVACY ACT OF 1985 jury the most intimate occurrences of the scribed with the names of those who fell in home. those conflicts, climaxed a 5-year effort on The makers of our Constitution under­ the part of many individuals and groups to HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER took to secure conditions favorable to the erect a permanent reminder of the price OF WISCONSIN pursuit of happiness. They recognized the this community of 11,500 people paid to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES significance of man's spiritual nature, of his preserve America, its ideals and principles. Thursday, September 19, 1985 feelings and of this intellect ... They con­ It would require far too much space to ferred as against the government the right Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, when to be let alone-the most comprehensive of list all who contributed to the memorial or Congress passed the wiretap law 1 in 1968, rights and the right most valued by civilized who participated in the dedication ceremo­ there was a clear consensus that telephone men.3 ny. But, I would be remiss if I did not men­ calls should be private. Earlier Congresses WHAT IS AT STAKE tion the individual who conceived the had reached that same consensus regarding Without legislation addressing the prob­ project, worked unstintingly to bring it to mail and telegrams. lems of electronic communications privacy, completion and who was singled out by the But in the almost 20 years since Congress emerging industries may be stifled. For ex­ community for a special award-Mr. Wil­ last addressed the issue of privacy of com­ ample, recent court decisions concerning liam Davies, himself a Korean veteran. munications in a comprehensive fashion, cellular and cordless telephones leave a se­ Mr. Speaker, I ask the names of the the technologies of communication and fallen heroes from Swissvale be published interception have changed dramatically. rious question whether calls made over in the RECORD for they deserve to be re­ Today we have large-scale electronic mail those systems are truly private. Similarly membered-by their community, their operations, cellular and cordless tele­ the current law with respect to the inter­ country, and the Congress of the United phones, paging devices, miniaturized trans­ ception of digitized information over a States. mitters for radio surveillance, light-weight common carrier telephone line is unclear. HONORED ONCE AS FALLEN WARRIORS, DEEP compact television cameras for video sur­ This type of uncertainty may unnecessarily IN OUR MEMORIES, NEVER To BE FORGOTTEN veillance, and a dazzling array of digitized discourage potential customers from using WORLD WAR II information networks which were little such systems. More importantly this ambi­ Alesse, John E., Ayres., Gordon W., more than concepts two decades ago. guity may encourage unauthorized users to Balogh, Godfrey S., Bentz, Joseph J., Bled­ These new modes of communication have obtain access to communications to which nick, Leonard W., Boyer, Henry, Brown, outstripped the legal protection provided they are not party. Jack W., and Brown, Robert. In addition to the commercial disloca­ Callender, Jack, Catanzano, John F., under statutory definitions bound by old technologies. The unfortunate result is that tions which may occur if we do not act to Christie, Matthew J., Cobner, Robert J., protect the privacy of our citizens, we may Cohen, Charles G., Conley, Raymond H., the same technologies that hold such prom­ Cooke, John F., Creevy, Edward J., Davis, ise for the future also enhance the risk that see the gradual erosion of a precious right. Charles W., Davis, Evan, DeCesare, Thomas, our communications will be intercepted by Already the very same communication be­ Dolezal, Eugene, and Dumbar, Eugene F. either private parties or the Government. 2 tween two persons is subject to widely dis­ Evans, William H., Eyler, Clarence R., Virtually every day the press reports on the parate legal treatment depending on wheth­ Feehrer, Maurice, Fetzer, Charles A.L., Fin­ er the message was carried by regular mail, egan, John P., Fioretto, Thomas S., Floss, unauthorized interception of electronic communications ranging from electronic electronic mail, an analog phone line, a cel­ George W., M.D., Fugitt, Howard F., Garo, lular phone or some other form of elec­ William H., Gaydos, Edmund J., Gerich, mail and cellular telephones to data trans­ George E., Grana, Mario M., and Glunt, missions between computers. The commu­ tronic communication system. This tech­ John R. nications industry is sufficiently concerned nology-dependent legal approach does not Huggins, James T., Hooper, John, Hosper, about this issue to have begun the process adequately protect personal communica­ Stephen, Isenberg, Robert T., Isles, Harry of seeking protective legislation. This bill tions; rather, it imperfectly affords legal T., Isles, Peter J., Jeremias, Albert M., John­ is, in large part, a response to these legiti­ protection to communications carried by son, Charles W., Jones, Thomas L., and some industries. Nor does this crazy quilt Joyce, Richard J. mate business concerns. Congress needs to act to ensure that the of laws reflect the centrality of American's Kann, William G., Kaplan, Donald E., privacy concerns. As recent polls clearly Kapral, Andrew, Kitchen, Keith D., Klein, new technological equivalents of telephone Maurice, Lane, Andrew L., Levens, Edward calls, telegrams and mail are afforded the show, Americans care about privacy inter­ J., Levens, Kenneth, Lehman, Michael E., same protection provided to conventional ests. 4 As one commentator put it: Liles, James S., Locke, Byron K., Loesel, Privacy is not just one possible means William G., Logan, Charles L., Loughead, among others to insure some other value, ' Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Thomas, Lowery, Ellis E., and Lyach, John Safe Streets Act of 1968. but ... it is necessarily related to ends and A. 2 According to a soon to be released study of this relations of the most fundamental sort: re­ Marino, Joseph A., Marino, Leonard A., question by the Office of Technology Assessment, spect, love, friendship and trust. Privacy is Masilon, John F., Mayer, Raymond D., Federal agencies are planning to use or already use not merely a good technique for furthering Meese, Richard C., Morrow, Thomas J., closed circuit TV surveillance (29 agencies>. radio Murphy, Edward R., Murray, George M., scanners (20 agencies>, cellular telephone intercep­ McBride, John P., McStea, Alexander, tion <6 agencies>. tracking devices <15 agencies>. pen 3 Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438, 474 registers <14 agencies), and electronic mail intercep­ (1928> . Netwon, Jack S., Nonemaker, John B., and tions (6 agencies>. This increased use of a variety of • According to a 1984 poll, 77 percent of Ameri­ Nord, John R. electronic surveillance devices alone is not cause for cans are concerned about technology's threats to Osaja, George S., Pershke, Kenneth H., alarm. There are instances when a particular elec­ their personal privacy. Louis Harris & Associates, Petty, Robert T., Pulsinelli, Joseph F., tronic surveillance technique is necessary to com­ "The Road after 1984," Southern New England Ridley, Richard C., Russell, William, Seger, plete a criminal investigation, as my bill recognizes. Telephone (1984>. September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24397 these fundamental relations; rather without to obtain access to these records. This re­ SS "CITY OF FLINT:" A HISTORY privacy they are simply inconceivable. 5 quirement, while protecting the Govern­ WHAT CAN BE DONE ment's legitimate law enforcement needs, HON. BEVERLY B. BYRON Today I am introducing, with the rank­ will serve to minimize intrusiveness for OF MARYLAND ing minority member of my subcommittee, both system users and service providers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CARLOS J. MOORHEAD of California, the This provision also assures that users of a Electronic Communication Privacy Act of system will have the right to contest alleg­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 1985. This bill is the byproduct of more edly unlawful Government actions. The ap­ Mrs. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, on October 9, than 2 years of effort by the Subcommittee proach taken in the bill is similar to the 1939, not long after the war in Europe on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Adminis­ congressional reaction to the Supreme began, the SS City of Flint, an American tration of Justice, which I Chair. The bill Court decision in United States v. Miller, merchant ship, was seized by the German also has been developed after careful con­ 425 U.S. 435 (1976), when we enacted the warship, Duetchland, for carrying war con­ sultation with the affected industries, civil Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978, 12 traband. Mr. Raymond F. Trumpe, a resi­ liberties groups, and the Development of U.S.C. 3401 et seq. dent of Westminster, MD, was serving on Justice. At this point none of these groups the City of Flint at that time and spent 114 has endorsed the bill, but each of these Fifth, the interests of law enforcement are enhanced by updating the provisions of days as a captive. Recently, Mr. Trumpe do­ constituencies has confirmed the need for nated a diary of the incident to the Smith­ legislation in this area. It is my hope that Federal law relating to wiretapping and bugging. Under current law an Assistant sonian Institution for the benefit of us all. in the weeks and months ahead the affect­ The reason for recognizing and recording ed parties will work with the subcommittee Attorney General must personally approve each interception application. The bill per­ accounts such as these is self-evident. It is in the spirit of cooperation and compro­ through gifts such as these that we are able mise to forge a bill which meets this urgent mits an Acting Assistant Attorney General to preserve our history and our heritage, to problem. to approve such applications. The bill also the lasting benefit of our children and SUMMARY OF THE BILL expands the list of crimes for which a tap future Americans. There are seven major features of the or bug order may be obtained to include I would like, therefore, to insert in the bill: the crimes of escape, chop shop operation, RECORD the information which Mr. First, the bill extends the protection murder for hire, and violent crimes in aid Trumpe so generously sent to me about the against interception from voice transmis­ of racketeering. life of the SS City of Flint The words that sions to virtually all electronic communica­ Sixth, the basic provisions of the Federal follow are an account of the incident as re­ tions. Thus, legal protection will be ex­ wiretapping law are updated to: First, re­ corded by the second officer of the ship. I tended to the digitized portion of telephone quire that the application for a court-or­ would like, finally, to express my deep ap­ calls, the transmission of data over tele­ dered ta? or bug disclose to the court the preciation to Mr. Trumpe for bringing this phone lines, the transmission of video investigative objective to be achieved; event to our attention, and for his donation images by microwave, or any other con­ second, the application must indicate the of these materials to the Smithsonian Insti­ ceivable mix of medium and message. The viability of alternative investigative tech­ tution-he is an example for us all. bill also provides several clear exceptions niques; third, authorizes the placement of Voyage 60-155, U.S. Lines II, Voyage II, to the bar on interception so as to leave un­ certain mobile interception devices; fourth, Warren H. Rhoads, Chief Officer. affected communication system designed so authorizes physical entry into the premises Sailed Norfolk, Va., Sept. 25, 1939. Arrived New York, N.Y., Sept. 27, 1939. that such communication is readily avail­ to install the bug or tap consistent with able to the public; for example, walkie talk­ Sailed New York, N.Y., Oct. 3, 1939. Dalia v. United States, 441 U.S. 238 (1979); Oct. 9, 1939 at 3:30 p.m. sighted German ies, police or fire communications systems, and Fifth, rationalizes the Government's Pocket Battleship "Duetchland" in Lat. N. ship-to-shore radio, ham radio operators or reporting obligations after a tap or bug has Long. W and was ordered to stop. 4:30 p.m. CB operators are not affected by the bill. been obtained. German officers boarded and examined Second, the bill eliminates the distinction Seventh, the bill regulates the Govern­ cargo manifest and notified us we had war between common carriers and private car­ contraband aboard and will take us to Ger­ riers, because they each perform so many ment use of pen registers and tracking de­ many. 6:00 p.m. proceeded northward with of the same functions. The size of many of vices. Pen registers are devices used for re­ German prize crew consisting of 3 officers, 1 cording which phone numbers have been Petty officer and 14 enlisted men as guards the private carriers makes them appropri­ equipped with hand grenades and bayo­ ate for inclusion within the protection of dialed from a particular phone. Tracking devices are devices which permit the track­ netts. They also transferred 38 men to this Federal laws. ship from British ship "Stonegate" which Third, the bill creates criminal and civil ing of the movement of a person or object they had sunk on Oct. 5-0ct. 15. We passed penalties for persons who-without judicial in circumstances where there exists reason­ through numerous icebergs and glaciers, authorization-obtain access to an elec­ able expectation of privacy. Tracking de­ some were in the straits of Denmark. They tronic communication system and obtain vices, therefore, include "beepers" and now had painted out American Flags and or alter information. This provision paral­ other nonphone surveillance devices. names on ships sides. Also life-boats and then named the vessel "Alf". During all this lels that dealing with interception (see first The bill requires the Government to time we were running without a single light paragraph above). It would be inconsistent obtain a court order based upon "reasona­ at night. Oct. 20, 1939 at 6:30 p.m. we an­ to prohibit the interception of digitized in­ ble cause" before it can use a "pen regis­ chored at Tronso, Norway flying the formation while in transit and leave unpro­ ter." This standard resembles current ad­ German "Man of War" flag. After we had tected the accessing of such information ministrative practice. Compare United taken aboard fresh water we were ordered while it is being stored. This part of the bill States v. New York Telephone Co., 434 U.S. out by Norwegian Navy, after landing crew assures consistency in this regard. 159 (1977)-a title III order is not required of "S.S. Stonegate" we heaved up anchor Fourth, the bill protects against the un­ and sailed at 4:30 p.m. followed by naval for pen r.egisters-Smith v. Maryland, 442 vessel to see that we left Norwegian water. authorized disclosure of third-party records U.S. 735 (1979)-pen registers not regulated After putting out to sea we headed north­ being held by an electronic communication by the fourth amendment. The bill requires ward, destination unknown. Oct. 23 at 3:30 system. Without such protection the carri­ that the Government show probable cause p.m. we anchored in Murmansk, Russia still ers of such messages would be free to dis­ to obtain a court order for a tracking flying the "Man of War" flag. Oct. 24 at 5:30 p.m. Russian officers came aboard and close records of private communications to device. This showing is consistent with the the Government without a court order. disarmed German crew and took them current law. United States v. Karo, 104 S. Thus, the bill provides that a governmental ashore telling us we were free and could sail entity must obtain a court order under ap­ Ct. 3296 0984). as soon as our papers were returned. Oct. 25 hoisted signals asking permission for master propriate standards before it is permitted to go ashore. Russian man anchored a stern of us answered our signals and refused to • Fried, "Privacy," 77 Yale, L. J. 475, 477 <1968). grant permission. Oct. 26-waiting for 24398 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 orders we were now flying U.S. Ensignia. ing its economic development. The time has Reagan regarding attempts by members of Oct. 27 4:00 a.m. Russians returned vessel come to cut the apron strings and encourage the administration to revise Executive back to German Prize Crew again, this time Japan to take more responsibility as a Order 11246. Executive Order 11246 has they hoisted German Merchant Flag. Oct. member of the world community. 28, 6:00 p.m. we heaved up anchor and left The assistance Japan received from the now been in place for over 20 years and Murmansk. Oct. 29, 4:30 p.m. entered Nor­ United States is one of the reasons Japan has been the cornerstone of our Govern­ weigan Fjords somewhere near North Cape became one of the world's most prosperous, ment's efforts to preserve and protect every and took aboard 2 pilots. Oct. 30-noon. We politically stable nations. American officials American's right to equal employment op­ anchored at Tromso, Norway. Oct. 30-4:00 helped establish democracy in Japan and portunity. p.m. heaved up anchor and proceeded encouraged the Japanese to rebuild their The draft Executive order which we have southward through Fjords. Oct. 31, Nov. 1 war-shattered economy through the use of a seen and another which was reported by and Nov. 2 proceeding southward through vigorous export program. America has ex­ Fjords followed by Patrol Boat to make sure tended its defense umbrella over Japan, al­ the press, would effectively undercut a we did not violate their territorial water lowing the Japanese to devote more re­ major tool against employment discrimina­ rights. Nov. 3-11:00 a.m. stopped ship. sources to economic pursuits. tion which has been in effect and indeed Doctor from Cruiser Alof Trygzvasion came Although Japan is an economic heavy­ strengthened by Republican and Democrat­ aboard to examine and dress bruised ankle weight, the country still shows signs of its ic administrations alike since 1961. It is of Wixer Sellars. 11:30 a.m. doctor left and traditional insularity and suspicion of the this proposed action which we, 126 Demo­ we proceeded southward again. Nov. 3 after outside world. It has not sought a role in cratic and Republican Members of Con­ receiving warning of some kind by an un­ international affairs proportionate to its known German steamer the Prize Crew cap­ economic power. gress deplore. tain headed back north again. 5:30 p.m. we While relying on the U.S. military for its Why is this administration attempting to anchored at Haugesund, Norway reason un­ security, Japan competes aggressively with "turn back the clock" on civil rights? Why known. We were near the end of Fjords at the United States in the marketplace, ex­ are they opposed to a program which has the time this German ship gave warning porting heavily to the United States while been shown by Department of Labor and and it was believed that an English Warship resisting American imports. other studies, to work? Why are they at­ was waiting for us to come out in the open Some encouraging signs have appeared, tacking a program whose regulations clear­ sea. 11:00 p.m. Cruiser Alof Trygzvasion an­ suggesting a change in Japanese attitudes. ly state that "goals may not be rigid and in­ chored along side of us and put an armed Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone has force of her men aboard and ordered loosened some trading rules and has asked flexible quotas which must be met, but German Prize Crew to disarm as they had his people to moderate the traditional view must be targets reasonably attainable by lost all rights in Norway by stopping at this that it is patriotic to prefer Japanese goods means of applying every good faith effort port. 11:45 Prize Crew taken off this vessel over foreign products. Banking regulations to make all aspects of the entire affirma­ and put aboard Navy cruiser. We now hoist­ have been eased to tie Japan closer to the tive action program work?" And why are ed the U.S. Ensigna again. Nov. 4, 1:00 international economy. they pursuing changes in the Executive a.m.-Received orders from cruiser to pro­ Japan's heavy reliance on exports also order when even many of the business com­ ceed to Bergen, Norway. 2:30a.m. we heaved might have to change. More consumption up anchor and set sail. Nov. 4, 10:00 a.m. we by the Japanese could increase the demand munity oppose the changes? Why waste the anchored at Bergen. Norway. American for imports, which could reduce criticism of taxpayers' money with this effort which counsel came aboard, this was the first time Japan by some of its foreign competitors. has no major constituency and would that we had made contact with any U.S. of­ Japanese consumers might welcome the create chaos within the Federal contractor ficial. We stood by for orders. chance to spend more on themselves. Partly community? Sailed Bergen, Norway, Nov. 27, 1939. because of their export-oriented economy, Mr. Speaker, I ask that the administra­ Arrived Haugesund, Norway, Nov. 27, the Japanese have a relatively low standard tion's critics of Executive Order 11246 1939. of living. For example, only 60 percent of Sailed Haugesund, Norway, Dec. 20, 1939. Japanese homes have flush toilets and cease these wasteful efforts. Mfirmative Arrived Bergen, Norway, Dec. 20, 1939. much of the country's housing stock con­ action, including the use of goals and time­ Sailed Bergen, Norway, Dec. 22, 1939. sists of rickety apartment buildings where tables, works. I ask that they not permit Arrived Narvik, Norway, Dec. 29, 1939. families are often crowded into two or three decades of progress for those who have for Sailed Narvik, Norway, Jan. 7, 1940. rooms. The country also has a health centuries been denied equal employment Arrived Baltimore, Md., Jan. 27, 1940. system that, by western standards, is poor opportunity, to be reversed in 1985. and recreational facilities that are inad­ Executive Order 11246 must not be weak­ equate. ened but strengthened and vigorously en­ JAPANESE RESPONSIBILITY FOR In addition to considering economic THEIR OWN SECURITY changes, the Japanese should assume more forced. I ask that the administration re­ of the defense burden. Japan uses only commit itself to fairness and that it share about 1 percent of its gross national product my view that equal employment opportuni­ HON. DOUG BEREUTER for defense, compared with 3 percent to 5 ty must remain the law of the land. To do OF NEBRASKA percent in Western Europe and 8 percent in less is to turn our backs on those who look IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the United States. Japan should be strong to us to preserve these rights. Thursday, September 19, 1985 enough militarily to protect its sea lanes Mr. Speaker, I insert this very important and to resist threatening Soviet moves in Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, at a the North Pacific Ocean. letter to President Reagan into the CON· moment when our relations with Japan are Forty years ago, Japan lay in ruins. GRESSIONAL RECORD: dominated by trade related topics, I would Today, it has recovered. It should be ready CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, like to bring the attention of my colleagues to take its place in the world community by Washington, DC, September 17, 1985. to an old issue: Japanese defense spending. accepting a greater role in protecting the Hon. RoNALD W. REAGAN, A recent editorial in the Omaha World­ free world and improving the world econo­ President of the United States, my. The White House, Washington, DC. Herald (September 9, 1985) once again DEAR MR. PREsiDENT: We understand that brings to light the compelling argument White House staff has drafted an executive that, 40 years after World War II, the Japa­ MR. HAWKINS SUPPORTS COALI­ order repealing requirements that federal nese have not assumed adequate responsi­ TION LETTER TO PRESERVE contractors set numerical goals to remedy bility for their destiny. I think this EXECUTIVE ORDER 11246 discrimination in the workplace. The pro­ thoughtful editorial should receive my col­ posed amendment to Executive Order 11246 leagues' attention. HON.AUGUSTUSF.HA~NS would effectively undercut a major tool against employment discrimination which [From the Omaha World-Herald, Sept. 9, OF CALIFORNIA has been in effect and indeed has been 1985] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strengthened by Republican and Democrat­ JAPAN HAs A RESPONSIBILITY Thursday, September 19, 1985 ic Administrations since 1961. In the 40 years since World War II, the As you know, Mr. President, civil rights United States has sometimes acted like an Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday victories have been won in our nation only indulgent parent toward Japan-looking 104 Members of the House and 22 Members because of bipartisan cooperation. We have after the country's defenses and encourag- of the Senate sent a letter to President fought against discrimination in education, September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24399 voting, public accommodations and employ­ disabled veterans, and Vietnam-era veter­ lez, Robert Garcia, Stephen Neal, ment. Today, minorities and women have fi­ ans, Congress also expressly imposed affirm­ Morris Udall, Lane Evans, James nally begun to be included in the American ative action plan requirements on federal Howard, Les AuCoin, William Ford, mainstream. contractors and subcontractors

of Barney Frank, Mike Lowry, Norman sonnel, and in 1979 took command of the title 38, United States Code). In the case of Mineta, Thomas Foley, Fortney Air Training Command. He left that post to handicapped individuals, service-connected Stark, Bill Richardson, Henry Gonza- become commander in chief of SAC. 24400 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 Mr. Speaker, I feel confident that the Statisticians point out, though, that at CONGRESSIONAL TRIBUTE TO members join me in paying a well deserved the poverty level a family may pay as much BRIAN HARRISON tribute to this outstanding American and as 10 percent of its income in federal taxes. wishing the General and his wife Pat all This depends in part on the source of that the best in the many years to come. income. Many benefits-Social Security, HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON welfare, disability, food stamps, workers' OF CALIFORNIA compensation, public-housing subsidies-are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FATHER OF RICHARD LEHMAN not taxable at all for low-income people. It DIES seems unfair that an identical poverty Thursday, September 19, 1985 HON. TONY COELHO income made up entirely of wages instead of Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to benefits is subject to taxation, particularly pay tribute to one of the outstanding busi­ OF CALIFORNIA the Social Security payroll tax of 7 percent ness and civic leaders in my district, Brian IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES charged against the first dollar earned. Harrison, the president and chief executive Thursday, September 19, 1985 Even the untaxed poor pay sales taxes on what they buy and real-estate taxes on officer of the Metropolitan Stevedore Co. of Mr. COELHO. Mr. Speaker, upon his property they may own from better days. It Wilmington, CA. On October 30, he will be passing, I would like to pay tribute to the would be incorrect, however, to assume the named by the Boy Scouts as the "1985 father of our colleague, the Honorable poor contribute heavily to the income-tax Good Scout of the Year." RICHARD LEHMAN. Henry Lehman will be coffers. Brian Harrison was born in Port Talbot, remembered as a hard-working farmer This all raises some knotty points in the Great Britain, and graduated from Cardiff from Sanger, CA, in the heart of the San administration's income-tax-reform propos­ Nautical School in 1943. Mter graduation, Joaquin Valley. But more importantly, he als. Emphasis has been placed on figures he joined Royal Mail Lines, Ltd., of will be remembered as a dedicated family showing many poor people will have their London, where he served for 11 years as a man who devoted his life to his wife, income taxes cut percentagewise more than deck officer. Mter qualifying as a master Elaine, and their four children. Henry and the wealthy. If the poor were paying very mariner at the Cardiff Technical College in Elaine sacrificed a lot so that their chil­ little income tax to begin with, their cut 1954, Mr. Harrison migrated to the United dren had every opportunity to succeed and would not have to be large to result in a big States. do better than they had done. In fact, percentage reduction. On the other hand, someone in a 50 percent bracket could save Mter arriving in the United States, Brian Henry took on additional work off the many dollars with a modest percentage re­ worked for Furness Withy & Co., Ltd., as farm so that the family did not do without. duction. The truly poor are nontaxpayers. assistant to the marine superintendent. He Rick and his father were extremely close Even the moderately poor can be helped sig­ subsequently served as port captain for the and I know that this is a very difficult time nificantly only if we go to a negative income Wm. J. Rountree Co. at Terminal Island, for him. However, I know he is comforted tax, a concept America may not yet be ready CA. Liking what he saw in this country, he by the fact that Henry is now at peace. No to accept. applied for U.S. citizenship, and on Febru­ father could have done more for his family Some conservative philosophers point out ary 20, 1959, he became a naturalized citi­ than Henry Lehman did, and for that we that raising the net tax burden on business zen of the United States. will all miss him very much. may indirectly hurt the poor, also. While In 1964, Mr. Harrison joined Associated higher business taxes can come out of the Banning Co. as superintendent of stevedore pockets of stockholders in the short term, operations. This company was acquired by BARBER CONABLE ON TAX over a longer period higher business tax REFORM the Metropolitan Stevedore Co. in 1967, costs must be tacked on to the prices where Brian Harrison rose through the charged for goods and services. As a result, ranks to the position he holds today as HON. LAWRENCE J. SMITH higher business taxes become taxes on con­ sumption and are not based on ability to president and chief executive officer. OF FLORIDA Mr. Harrison, in addition to his success IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pay. The administration proposes eliminating in business, has been active with a variety Thursday, September 19, 1985 the deductibility of state and local taxes of business and community organizations. Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, our against the federal income tax, which He is the current president of the Los An­ esteemed former colleague Barber Conable means the net cost of the more regressive geles Steamship Association and serves on recently published in the September 16, taxes at those levels will rise. Could this the boards of directors of a large number 1985, issue of U.S. News & World Report an mean the added net burden will be spread of maritime business organizations. Al­ excellent analysis of tax reform. through additional sales taxes, the bane of though he is quite modest about his com­ For the benefit of my colleagues, that the poor? munity service, Brian Harrison has been analysis follows: Curiously enough, the increase to $2,000 president of the Wilmington Boys' Club, of the personal exemption for each family [From U.S. News & World Report, Sept. 16, the Wilmington Rotary Club, and the Epis­ 1985] member, the "little guy's" benefit in the copal Seamen's Center in San Pedro, CA; tax-reform proposal-that populist thrill-is and has been honored with an outstanding TAXES AND THE POOR worth a $700 reduction per person for a Whether you like it or whether you do not its costs to consumers. And, as with the pro­ Everybody now just has to make up their money is money and that is all there is grammatic expansion of Social Security, mind. Is money money or isn't money about it. Everybody knows it. When they succeeding Congresses will spread Super­ money? Everybody who earns it and spends earn it and spend what they earn they know it every day in order to live knows that it they really know that money is money fund's public-works responsibilities and in­ money is money, anybody who votes it to be and when they vote it they do not know it crementally increase its tax rate. gathered in as taxes knows money is not as money. As to Superfund's intended purpose-re­ money. That is what makes everybody go That is the trouble with everybody, it is ducing toxic waste-Congress long ago crazy. awfully hard to really know what you know. passed the point of seriously considering Once upon a time there was a king and he When you earn it and spend it you do how to do that most effectively and effi­ was called Louis the fifteenth. He spent know the difference between three dollars ciently. If this VAT passes, Superfund's job money as they are spending it now. He just and a million dollars, but when you say it will most likely take forever. spent it and spent it and one day somebody and vote it, it all sounds the same. dared say something to the king about it. Of course it does, it would to anybody, and Oh, he said, after me the deluge, it would that is the reason they vote it and keep on last out his time, and so what was the differ­ voting it. So, now please, everybody, every­ ence. When this king had begun his reign body everybody, please, is money money, 24404 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 and if it is, it ought to be the same whether tion and recruitment efforts. Thus, Con­ dations for improvement of such arrange­ it is what a father of a family earns and gress should examine its personnel security ments. spends or a government, if it isn't sooner or practices for congressional staffs to ensure SEc. 1003. All Federal departments, agen­ later there is disaster. that those practices provide appropriate cies and instrumentalities are authorized and directed to provide such assistance to protection for national security secrets the Director of the Federal Bureau of Inves­ CONGRESSIONAL CONCERN held by the Congress. tigation as he may deem appropriate to WITH NATIONAL SECURITY In addition to examining its personnel carry out the provisions of section 1002. SHOULD BEGIN IN CONGRESS security practices, Congress should review SEc. 1004. there are hereby authorized to its physical security. Although the Con­ be appropriated such sums as may be neces­ HON. BOB STUMP gress has recently paid greater attention to sary to carry out the provisions of this title. OF ARIZONA its physical security from the terrorist By designating the Director of the FBI to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES threat, it has not given equivalent attention handle the congressional security survey to physical security from the hostile intelli­ with whatever assistance he needs from Thursday, September 19, 1985 gence threat. Thus, for example, discus­ other agencies, title X ensures that all ap­ Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, the President sions involving sensitive classified informa­ propriate expertise can be brought to bear and the Congress share power and respon­ tion might take place on Capitol Hill in in conducting the survey. By providing that sibility under the Constitution to ensure rooms to which the public-including the survey shall go forward under the guid­ the security of the United States. In carry­ Soviet bloc agents-at other times have ance of the congressional leadership, title ing out the national security appropriation, routine access, notwithstanding that the X ensures that the institutional concerns of legislation, and oversight functions of the room has not been subjected to an elec­ the two Houses will govern the survey. Congress, Members of Congress and con­ tronic sweep to ensure the absence of elec­ Title X of H.R. 1082 does not mandate gressional staffs have access to a great deal tronic devices which can record or transmit any changes in existing congressional secu­ of sensitive classified information relating the classified discussions. rity practices. Title X simply provides for a to the diplomatic, military and intelligence Along with the personnel and physical congressional security survey which will activities of the United States. Indeed, the security programs of the Congress, the doc­ enable the Congress to identify any weak­ Committees on Appropriations, Armed ument security programs of the Congress nesses in its security arrangements and to Services, Intelligence, and Foreign Affairs deserve attention. The flow of classified consider on an informed basis whether to possess a broader range of extremely sensi­ documents into, around and out of the make any changes in those arrangements. tive classified information than many exec­ Congress presents the same security con­ Enactment to title X of H.R. 1082 would utive branch agencies involved in classified cerns as does the flow of documents within represent a valuable congressional contri­ work the executive branch. bution to the security of the United States. Classified information held by the Con­ Finally, the Congress should examine its To facilitate consideration of title X of gress must receive the same protection as communications security practices. Excel­ H.R. 1082, I have introduced it today as a that information receives when it is held by lent personnel, physical, and document se­ separate bill. the executive branch. Although it is gener­ curity programs will be of no avail if con­ ally thought that the Congress has-on a gressional staffs discuss or talk around committee-by-committee, office-by-office, classified information on regular tele­ IN SUPPORT OF COMPUTER ad hoc basis, in consultation with the exec­ phones. The public record abounds with in­ CRIME LEGISLATION utive branch-done a creditable job in en­ formation on Soviet bloc efforts to inter­ suring the protection of our Nation's se­ cept U.S. Government telephone communi­ HON. BILL McCOLLUM crets, I believe the time has come for a cations. OF FLORIDA comprehensive and effective survey of the The Congress should examine its security IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES personnel, physical, document, and commu­ programs to ensure that the national secu­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 nications security programs of the Com­ rity secrets held by the Congress receive gress. Title X of H.R. 1082, the Omnibus In­ adequate protection. A survey of the con­ Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, today telligence and Security Improvements Act gressional personnel, physical, document am joined by Messrs. FISH, MOORHEAD, which I introduced on February 7, 1985, and communications security programs HYDE,DANNEMEYER,SENSENBRENNER,and provides for a congressional security would enable the Congress to identify any DEWINE in introducing the administra­ survey conducted by the Director of the weaknesses in such programs and to cor­ tion's computer crime proposal. This pro­ Federal Bureau of Investigation under the rect them. posal is one of eight portions of the admin­ direction of the congressional leadership of istration's new anti-fraud package, and it is both Houses. II. CONGRESSIONAL SECURITY SURVEY designed to provide protection and privacy I. PERSONNEL, PHYSICAL, DOCUMENT, AND Title X of H.R. 1082 provides for a survey for the operations of computers with a Fed­ COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY of congressional security arrangements re­ eral nexus. Several major espionage cases which lating to classified information. The text of The Comprehensive Crime Control Act of have come to light since I introduced H.R. title X is as follows: 1984, Public Law 98-473, included a com­ 1082 confirm the need for renewed empha­ TITLE X puter crime provision which would be re­ sis on protection of U.S. national security SEc. 1001. This title may be cited as the placed by the legislation I am introducing. secrets from the unflagging efforts of hos­ "Congressional Security Survey Act". The Subcommittee on Crime in the House tile foreign intelligence services to infil­ SEc. 1002. Subject to the guidance of the Judiciary Committee has already held one trate agents into U.S. Government depart­ Speaker and minority leader of the House hearing on several proposals to improve ments and agencies responsible for the na­ of Representatives with respect to the the existing law. The provision I am intro­ House of Representatives, and subject to tional security, and to recruit as agents ex­ the guidance of the majority and minority ducing will both enhance the substance of isting employees of those departments and leaders with respect to the Senate, the Di­ the law and the ability of the Federal law agencies, are unceasing. The executive rector of the Federal Bureau of Investiga­ enforcement community to enforce it. branch is aware of penetration and recruit­ tion, in cooperation with such Federal agen­ Computer crime results in untold finan­ ment efforts by Soviet and other hostile in­ cies as he deems appropriate, shall conduct cial losses in the United States and the telligence services and has designed its per­ a comprehensive survey of the personnel, problem is increasing. Victims often do not sonnel security programs to detect and physical, document and communication se­ come forward and so we must only con­ counter these efforts. curity arrangements relating to classified in­ clude that the problem is much worse than formation available to Members of Congress Congress has not shown equal awareness and employees of the legislative branch and we believe it to be. and concern for congressional personnel report to the Speaker and minority leader In addition to these financial burdens, security. Few in Congress are aware that of the House of Representatives, and the there is the frightening losses of privacy hostile intelligence services have targeted majority and minority leaders of the that results from the unauthorized access congressional committee staffs for penetra- Senate, by January 3, 1986, with recommen- to computer files at an alarming rate. In a September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24405 sick and dangerous way this society has or operated for the United States or a fi­ The United States is weighed down by a been impressed by "hackers" who are nancial institution. dollar which has grown over 40 percent in smart enough to access computers without Subsection (c) would make it a misde­ value in exchange markets since 1981. This authorization. This is breaking and enter­ meanor punishable by up to 1 year's im­ aspect of the problem can only be remedied ing in a most dangerous way. Hospitals, prisonment and a $100,000 fine to inten­ by moving toward a balanced Federal military institutions, and consumer credit tionally and without authority access a budget. Protections and subsidies provided agencies have all been recent victims. computer owned by, under contract to or by other nations to their industries are the Unfortunately, educating this society on operated for or on behalf of the United other major cause for the trade deficit. the ethics of computer use and developing States or a financial institution, or a com­ Mr. Speaker, the time to act on the trade appropriate criminal legislation are both puter system or computer network includ­ deficit is now. The problem must be ad­ difficult goals. I believe, however, the pro­ ing such a computer. dressed before a further deterioration in posal I am introducing today, which has Subsection (d) provides for the forfeiture our trade situation forces drastic, and per­ been carefully crafted by the Department to the United States of the interest acquired haps unwise, action to stop the destruction of Justice, is an excellent piece of criminal or maintained in any computer or comput­ of basic American industries. Current anti­ legislation. er software used in the offense by a person dumping and countervailing duty laws The proposal is closely drawn from an convicted of a violation of subsection (a), simply are not being enforced. This cannot administration bill that was submitted late (b), or (c). continue. Further, we must look toward in the 98th Congress and introduced as S. Subsection (e) provides that the Attorney new policies to address the trade crisis. 2940. The proposal completely revises cur­ General may delegate concurrent investiga­ I am pleased that the President has rent 18 U.S.C. 1030 to proscribe computer tive authority, in whole or in part, to other agreed to announce a major statement on fraud and other crimes involving comput­ departments and agencies, subject to agree­ trade policy on September 23. I eagerly ers. The proposed new section 1030 con­ ment between the Attorney General and await the President's proposals. The Ameri­ tains seven subsections, (a)-(g). such department or agency. can people realize that it is imperative for Proposed subsection (a) makes it a Subsection (f) exempts lawfully author­ the administration and the Congress to felony to knowingly devise or intend to ized investigation, protection, or intelli­ begin working in a bipartisan fashion to devise a scheme or artifice to defraud, or gence actively by law enforcement officials craft a commonsense solution to our trade for obtaining money or property by false or and subsections (g) includes definitions. imbalance. fraudulent pretenses or representations, or to embezzle, steal, or convert the property THE URGENCY OF OUR TRADE RESULTS OF TAX REFORM of another, and to access or attempt to DEFICIT CRISIS access certain computers for these pur­ QUESTIONNAIRE poses. The term "access" is defined in pro­ posed subsection 1028(g)(ll) and means to HON. ROBIN TALLON OF SOUTH CAROLINA HON.GENESNYDER instruct, communicate with, store data in, OF KENTUCKY retrieve data from, otherwise make use of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES any resources of a computer, a computer Thursday, September 19, 1985 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES system, or computer network. Mr. TALLON. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. trade Thursday, September 19, 1985 The proposed subsection is drafted in deficit is continuing on an upward curve. Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, every year I language that is taken from the mail fraud In March, the United States for the flrst have made it a practice to send out a ques­ (18 U.S.C. 1341) and wire fraud (18 U.S.C. time since 1914, became a net debtor tionnaire to seek the guidance and advice 1343) statutes to the maximum extent pos­ nation, as measured by the flow of dividend of the people of the Fourth District of Ken­ sible. It is intended that the extensive body and interest payments. As well, the mer­ tucky on the major issues facing Congress. of law that has been developed interpreting chandise trade deficit continues unabated. Their response has always been healthy; these statutes apply to the new subsection The merchandise trade deficit was $123 bil­ their advice sound and their guidance sure. (a). lion in 1984 and is projected to increase to This year, my questionnaire focused on The penalty for a violation of subsection $150 bilUon in 1985. tax reform and 13,000 of my constituents (a) can extend to 5 years' imprisonment Behind these numbers lies the impact on took the time to give me their opinions on and a fine of $250,000. American citizens of a sustained trade im­ the need for tax reform, on the flat rate tax The subsection only applies if the crime, balance. The trade deficit has devastated concept and on their willingness to surren­ or the computer accessed or to which industries, communities, and families der existing tax exemptions and deductions. access is attempted as part of the crime, is across this Nation-and the future looks I would like to share the results of this poll in one of three categories. They are: First, even more ominous. In my own district, I with my colleagues. computers owned by, under contract to, or have seen its destructive impact on thou­ For the most part, the results of the operated for or on behalf of the U.S. Gov­ sands of workers whose loss of employ­ questionnaire are self-explanatory. They ernment; second, computers owned by, ment can be attributed directly to surging show considerable support for the flat tax under contract to, or operated for or on imports. rate concept. They show considerable oppo­ behalf of a financial institution, a phrase The deterioration in the U.S. trade posi­ sition to a tax increase. And they show the which would also include a group or net­ tion is global. Our trade balance with de­ relative importance people assign to the ex­ work of computers used by a group of fi­ veloping countries has declined over $35 isting deductions and exclusions in our Tax nancial institutions; and third, offenses of billion since 1981. With Europe, our trade Code. the kind proscribed, in the commission or balance has declined almost $30 billion One thing in the poll results that really concealment of which computers located in since 1981. The trade balance with Japan catches my attention, however, is the different States or in a State and a foreign has fallen almost $19 billion since 1981. number of respondents who believe our country are used. This very limited com­ And the United States trade balance with current tax system is unfair-nearly three­ merce nexus is designed to involve the Fed­ Canada has declined over $13 billion. fourths of them. eral Government in crimes involving non­ We certainly do not wish to protect do­ Since President Reagan came to town, we Federal computers only when interstate or mestic industries which are unable to com­ have heard a great deal of rhetoric in this international aspects of the case create a pete with fairly traded imports. However, body about fairness-generally from those need for Federal investigative resources. this is not a major reason for the trade def­ who have opposed the President's budget Subsection (b) sets out another felony of­ icit. The American is still the most produc­ cutting proposals. We have been told over fense involving computers. It proscribes the tive worker in the world. and over again that we can't cut the budget knowing and unauthorized damaging or de­ The critical reasons for the trade deficit for domestic programs because it would be stroying of a computer, computer program, are the high value of the dollar and unfair unfair to those people who depend on or data contained in a computer owned by trade practices by other nations. them. 24406 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 Now, however, we are being told by these The Soviets, over the years, have held a Soviet Union had gained control of two same people, who have been so interested monopoly on international youth activities major international youth groups-World in fairness, that fairness is not quite as im­ and hosted the 12th Communist World Federation of Democratic Youth and Inter­ portant when it comes to taxpayers. They Youth Festival last July and August in national Union of Students-shortly after their establishment at the end of World say there is not sufficient public support Moscow. In recognition of 1985 as Interna­ War II and uses their members as conduits for tax reform to make it a high priority tional Youth Year by the United Nations, for Soviet policy. The public announcement issue this year. It may be shoved off the Jamaica planned the largest youth confer­ of the Conference by the host, Prime Minis­ agenda altogether. ence of its kind by non-Communist na­ ter Seaga of Jamaica, in November 1983, co­ It is interesting to me to see how quickly tions. More than 1,100 delegates from 85 incided with the Soviet announcement of some of my colleagues can lose interest in nations attended the conference. their Twelfth World Youth Festival to be fairness just because this time we are talk­ Soviet active measures against the con­ held in Moscow during July and August ing about fairness to the taxpaying people ference began soon after Jamaican Prime 1985. The appearance of Jamaica Confer­ who foot the bills for all our Government Minister Edward Seaga announced in ·No­ ence organizers in world capitals in early 1984, and the establishment of an interna­ programs. It is true that our offices are not vember 1983 his country's plans to host the tional Conference secretariat in July, sig­ being flooded with calls and letters urging event. I have obtained an unclassified ver­ nalled to the Soviets the seriousness of the us to reform the Tax Code. Our constitu­ sion of a report prepared by elements of Western challenge. ents are not lined up outside our doors car­ the U.S. intelligence community detailing Worldwide campaign rying placards demanding immediate this particular Soviet active measures oper­ In midsummer 1984, the Soviets began a action on taxes, but when nearly three­ ation. Following my remarks, I would like worldwide campaign to disrupt and discredit fourths of the people in my district believe to include the report which discusses Soviet the Jamaica Conference through media re­ our tax system is unfair, that's enough for attacks against the conference's coordina­ porting and the use of international Com­ me. Perhaps the taxpayers of this country tors, the conference agenda, and a number munist front youth groups. Over the next aren't beating down our doors or carrying of attendees. nine months, the Soviets and their support­ placards because they are too busy making Frequent themes the Soviets falsely used ers used a variety of techniques to disrupt a living. throughout the months preceding the con­ the Conference, including a three-month ference included accusations of U.S. domi­ worldwide media barrage, rumors and alle­ Certainly we ought to be as fair as possi­ gations, and dirty tricks to interfere with or­ ble to the people on the receiving end of nation of the youth forum, the active role ganizer's efforts and to discourage would-be the Federal Government, but we owe at of U.S. intelligence services in recruiting attendees. They also endorsed a major boy­ least the same consideration to the hard­ and controlling young people, and the con­ cott by socialist and front youth groups. working people on the paying end. If this servative and undemocratic nature of the Through repeated media reports, the So­ body believes in fairness at all, tax reform conference because of the exclusion of viets attacked the Conference coordinators, cannot be postponed. Communist representation. the Conference agenda, and a number of po­ Questionnaire results follow: The Soviets used front organizations, tential attendees. The most persistent Communist publications, and international themes the Soviets used to encourage suspi­ media reports to spread rumors including cion and discourage participation were alle­ [In percent] gations of: those saying Jamaica is crime-ridden and U.S. domination of the forum; Yes No unsafe for visitors, that the conference The active role of U.S. intelligence serv­ would be postponed or canceled, that the ices in recruiting and controlling young I. In general, do fOO think the Federal income tax is fair to the CIA was funding some attendees, and that people; for example, Roy Godson, a profes­ average citizen ...... 27.3 72.7 sor at Georgetown University and an advi­ 2. Co!lgress is considering a "flat-rate" income tax which epidemics posed a risk to the health of con- eliminates many deductions and exemptions and provides only ference participants. sor to the U.S. delegation was singled out as two or three lower tax rates for everybody. In principle, do Despite these Soviet efforts, the Jamaica an intelligence agent and manipulator of you favor such a "flat-rate" income tax? ...... 69.3 30.7 the U.S. youth program; and 3. If yes, please indicate which of the following deductions and Youth Conference was a success and in- exemptions you would be willing for Co!lgress to eliminate to The conservative and undemocratic achieve such a flat tax: ...... cluded a keynote speech by Vladimir Bu- nature of the Conference organization be· (A) Homeowners' mortgage interest deduction...... 19.0 81.0 kovsky, a leading voice of Soviet dissidents. cause of the exclusion of Communist repre­ (B) Interest paid on 2d and 3d homes deduction ...... 89.7 C) Interest paid on car loans deduction ...... 50.2 }~ : ~ Although the conference ended more than sentation. 0) State and local taxes deduction ...... 37.4 62.6 3 months before the Soviet Youth Festival, Media campaign E) Gifts to churches and charities deduction...... 36.1 F) Medical expense deduction...... 35.3 ~ : ~ Soviet disinformation regarding the Jamai- The Soviet's intense media campaign re­ G) Business deductions for travel expenses ...... 62.5 37.5 ca conference continued just prior to, and H) Business deductions for entertainment expenses...... 75.1 flects the priority they placed on this issue. I) Preferential treatment of capital gains ...... 58.3 ~g well after, the festival ended last August. The Soviets originated many radio or press Jl Political contribution credit...... 91.1 8.9 Public awareness of Soviet disinforma- reports that were la.ter picked up by foreign K) $100/$200 exdusion of dividend income ...... 55.2 media for local use; those local reports were ! 64 ~ : ~ tion is critical in reducing the chance of ~~) ~~=t ~ ~:!ient"c:a·;e- .. sei\~ .. ii.. ieifiibiiiSi .. .7 success. It is my hope that by exposing subsequently used by media in other coun­ menl...... 54.2 :~ : ~ these activities, we can alert our friends tries as "reliable" sources. For example: (~~ T~rner married couples deduction ...... 59.3 Newspapers in Morocco and Ghana car­ 5 48.9 and allies that much of the information 4. w~~ ~vo:v:r~nfncrease"3S" i)iii"iii "iiri"ovei3ii"i)iaii"io'' 1.1 ried an inaccurate Moscow report that the reduce the Federal defiCits? ...... 28.4 71.6 provided by the Soviets and their surro­ Conference coordinator for Israel was also gates should be questioned, carefully stud­ responsible for all regional Arab countries. ied, and not taken at face value. Caution The New York Daily World carried an in­ such as this will reduce the effectiveness of flammatory article from Colombia that was SOVIET ACTIVE MEASURES the Soviet's multibillion-dollar-a-year based on some of Moscow's anti-Conference AGAINST THE JAMAICAN active measures campaign against our rhetoric about divisiveness. Nation and our interests. Over a several-month period, news articles INTERNATIONAL YOUTH CON­ appearing in a number of countries progres­ FERENCE SoVIET CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE JAMAICA sively exaggerated the amount of US finan­ INTERNATIONAL YOUTH CONFERENCE cial support to the Conference-from US$1 HON. C.W. BILL YOUNG Background million to US$60 million-the figure grow­ OF FLORIDA The International Youth Conference, ing as the Conference approached. held in Kingston, Jamaica, 6-9 April 1985, Soviet media treatment indicates concern IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was the largest youth conference of its kind almost a year in advance of the Conference; Thursday, September 19, 1985 organized by non-Communist countries-at- their efforts, however, became particularly tracting 1,100 attendees from almost 100 intense in the last three months before the Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, the countries. The Conference plan was initiat­ Conference in order to produce the maxi­ Jamaica International Youth Conference, ed by Jamaica with support from the United mum disruptive effort. The earliest anti­ held last April in Kingston, Jamaica, was States and other Western governments for Conference radio attacks began in the the target of a yearlong Soviet active meas­ the purpose of creating a non-Communist summer of 1984, but the global campaign ures campaign aimed at discrediting the political issues forum to recognize the UN's started in mid-January 1985 with two or United States and the conference. International Youth Year. By contrast, the three reports broadcast weekly through the September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24407 end of February. From the beginning of ference: it did little more than make media exists than the 12th Annual Festival of March through the end of the Conference protests, circulate anti-Conference and anti­ Youth and Students held in Moscow this on 9 April, Moscow transmitted attacks government flyers, and cause a small dis­ past July. This year the theme of the festi­ daily. In the course of the radio campaign, turbance on opening day. The Soviets did the Soviet message was carried in 28 lan­ use the PNPYO's small clash with security val was "For Anti-Imperialist Solidarity, guages worldwide. Havana elaborated on forces during their protest to bolster claims Peace, and Friendship." Young peop!e from major themes regionally in Spanish and that the Conference was undemocratic and 144 countries, including the United States, English, and Luanda made several broad­ unpopular. participated in lectures, concerts, and a casts, based on Moscow reports, in Portu­ Conclusion "Youth accuses imperialism" tribunal. On guese. Concurrent with the accelerated radio In order to maintain control of the inter­ the surface, an international conference or­ campaign, the Soviet youth organization, national youth movement, the Soviets ganized to bring young leaders from Komsomol, took the lead in the press cam­ almost certainly hoped to discourage par­ around the world together to discuss world paign, on 6 March, with a long, highly criti­ ticipation of all youth groups except the problems and peace issues seems like a cal feature article in Komsomolskaya most conservative and pro-US. They intend­ ed to demonstrate the "reactionary" nature good thing to do. However, the real intent Pravda. Inflammatory remarks, tailored for of this year's conference was to reinforce local readers, later appeared in the Accra, and US domination of the forum, restrict or Ghana, Echo, and subsequently in Moroc­ denigrate the attendance of dissidents from anti-American sentiment, using American can and Finnish newspapers. Reuters News Communist-dominated countries, and en­ citizens in the process. Service transmitted the article to the Carib­ courage a show of solidarity with the Soviet Two high school students from my con­ bean News Agency for regional publication. Union through a worldwide boycott. Confer­ gressional district, Laurel Lamb and Erica The article was also broadcast by Moscow ence organizers orginally anticipated 700- Ferguson, had planned to be among those radio to audiences in Europe and China. 800 delegates from 80 countries, an expecta­ tion that was surpassed by the final tally of representing the United States at the 12th The Soviet media campaign has continued Annual Festival of Youth and Students. as a counterpoint to the Moscow Youth Fes­ 1,100 attendees from Communist-dominated tival that began 27 July. Articles describing countries. In view of the greater than antici­ They looked forward for months to their the Conference as a "complete flop" ap­ pated attendance of delegates representing f'rrst trip to the Soviet Union, and were ex­ peared in Pravda and in most East Europe­ the spectrum of non-Communist political in­ cited about the prospect of meeting other an newspapers immediately after the Con­ terests, the Soviets did not achieve their young people from around the world to dis­ ference, and subsequently in Latin Ameri­ goals. cuss world peace. Just before she was to The Soviets, however, conducted an exten­ can, Indian, and Moroccan periodicals. In leave for Moscow, Laurel Lamb received a late May, President Forbes Burnham de­ sive worldwide operation that: scribed the Conference as a "fiasco" during Created a number of annoying distrac­ phone call from one of the organizers of a speech to a youth festival group in tions for the Conference organizers; the event, the U.S. National Preparatory Georgetown, Guyana. This message of fail­ Fostered suspicion among a number of Committee, asking her to bring posters to ure, predicted months before the Confer­ governments and youth groups; decorate a disco at the festival. Laurel as­ ence, continues in the rhetoric of the Coalesced socialist, pro-Communist, and sumed she was being asked to bring posters Moscow Youth Festival. anti-US groups in opposition to the Confer­ of American rock groups or some other Rumors and allegations ence; and Provided a positive background for Mos­ sample of American culture. Instead, she Numerous anti-Conference rumors and al­ cow's own youth conference. was told to bring posters of "the struggle of legations preceded the Jamaica forum. Be­ youth under the Reagan administration for cause of their frequency, widespread ap­ the past 5 years," including depictions of pearance, and common themes, Moscow THE 12TH ANNUAL FESTIVAL OF "striking copper workers, the sanctuary may have been involved. One rumor that YOUTH AND STUDENTS circulated widely was that Jamaica was not movement, ground water problems, and the a safe place for visitors . plight of the Indians." Laurel was informed Other rumors circulated that the Confer­ HON. JIM KOLBE also that she might have to "take some pic­ ence would be cancelled or postponed, that OF ARIZONA tures and dig for information about other Reverend Moon's church was financing the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES things." Conference, and that the CIA was funding some attendees. The most imaginative Thursday, September 19, 1985 Laurel researched past festivals at the University of Arizona library, and after dis­ rumor was circulated by means of a flyer of Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, we have been unknown origin handed out in France to covering some disturbing facts about the French delegates en route to the Confer­ exposed in recent months to a Soviet public event, called her friend Erica to let her ence. The flyer, from a non-existent "Moral campaign intended to soften their harsh, know what she had learned. Together they Majority, German Section," warned of an intransigent image. Soviet President Gorba­ placed phone calls to different organiza­ AIDS epidemic in Jamaica, Haiti, and the American press to John F. Kennedy, and United States. FBI to verify the information she had gath­ the new Foreign Minister is praised by our ered. Both Laurel and Erica decided to "Dirty Tricks" political leaders as a likeable, charming cancel their trips. Laurel believes that the fellow. While this may be welcomed as a The Soviets were probably also behind a problems mentioned by the festival orga­ variety of "dirty tricks" that interfered with sign of cooperation and a pledge of good nizers are important. But, the festival was the Conference coordination and organiza­ faith, we must not ignore the facts in our tion. For example: fascination with an image that doesn't exist intended to twist these legitimate concerns Soviet representatives to the Moscow in reality. into a propagandistic attack against the Youth Festival informed a number of Afri­ United States. can officials that the Jamaicans did not We are presented with a rosy picture of a generous, well-intentioned nation seeking Laurel and Erica would not have ques­ intend to invite their governments or youth tioned the motives of the conference orga­ groups to the Conference. world peace. H the goal intended by its ac­ Protest cables purportedly from youth tions is world peace, then the Soviet Union nizers if they had dealt with such issues as groups jammed the Conference telex in envisions a world subdued by fear and op­ the environment, labor, immigration, and Kingston for two days in February. pression. What generosity exists is over­ discrimination-problems faced by many Capitalizing on local opposition shadowed by the atrocities engineered by countries. Indeed, these and other issues During their campaign the Soviets publi­ the Soviet Government against the people would probably arise in their conversations cized local non-Communist opposition to the of Mghanistan. In supporting Marxist­ with other young people, regardless of the Jamaica Conference: the opposition Jamai­ Ethiopia, the Soviet Union has shattered main topic of the conference. But, the orga­ can People's National Party Youth Organi­ any good intentions by standing idle while nizers intentionally misled those attending zation had announced a boycott thousands of Ethiopians are driven to star­ the conference by turning attention away of the Conference and called for support from a true quest for peace, focusing in­ from other youth organizations. Despite vation by their own government. vocal backing by Jamaican leftist parties, The Soviet Union hides behind its propa­ stead on U.S. domestic policies and blaming the PNPYO was, however, unable to muster ganda, blaming the rest of the world for the this country for tensions which continue to enough support locally to disrupt the Con- havoc it creates. No better proof of this exist in an imperfect world. 24408 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 What disturbs me most about this inci­ Technology Bomber-to replace Smaller and more survivable than the dent is that American teenagers were used the aging B-52s. To counter improved MX, the Midgetman will be accurate to gather information to supplement Soviet Soviet air defenses, the B-1B should pene­ enough to hit Soviet military targets. A propaganda. The U.S. Preparatory Commit­ trate Soviet territory at low altitudes at mobile Midgetman also confounds Soviets about 650 mph. It will be 100 times harder military planning. While the Soviets can use tee could have obtained the information on for radar to detect than the B-52. The cost their own, and certainly the Soviet Govern­ one missile to destroy one 10-warhead MX, for 100 approved B-1Bs is about $30 billion. they would have to use many to barrage a ment has its own sources. This was not an Two have been delivered to the Air Force act of good faith from a country desiring single Midgetman. The total number of and the full fleet should be in operation by Midgetmen has not yet been determined, the trust and cooperation of other nations. 1988. The Soviet Blackjack, a new long­ range bomber comparable to the B-1B, but the first one should be available in 1992. I have met Laurel Lamb and Erica Fer­ The entire Soviet land-based missile force guson, and know them to be intelligent and should be first deployed in 1987. Special design technology, such as radar­ will be new by 1995, and many will be thoughtful in their judgments. They did not absorbing materials, will make the Stealth mobile. cancel their trips to Moscow to avoid criti­ even more difficult to detect than the B-1B. Although the U.S. nuclear triad will be cism of their government. They, too, have This technology, which will also be applied improved by modernization, the nuclear bal­ questions about government policies and to future cruise missiles, will not be ready ance will not change much. The Soviets con­ actions. But, Laurel and Erica had the ma­ until the early 1990s. Some 132 planes are tinue to lead in land-based missiles, and we turity and foresight to recognize that they planned, at an estimated cost of $45 billion. retain superior submarine and bomber were being used for propaganda, and pur­ The Soviets are behind us in stealth tech­ fleets. As both superpowers strive at high poses by a government bent on our destruc­ nology. cost to improve their arsenals, the threat of tion. I am very proud of them, and wonder SUBMARINES retaliation remains the way they try to pre­ if many of us would have exercised the Submarine-based missiles are an effective vent nuclear war. same sound judgement. deterrent to surprise attack. Because subs can remain immersed for months and are difficult to track, they are the most surviv­ CLOSING THE DOOR ON SOVIET THE TRIAD able leg of the U.S. triad. Almost 50% of ESPIONAGE U.S. strategic warheads are sub-based, com­ pared to 22% of Soviets warheads. In the HON. LEE H. HAMILTON 1990s, the Soviets will replace their entire OF INDIANA submarine force, improving accuracy, sur­ HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vivability, and range. OF MICHIGAN Thursday, September 19, 1985 The U.S. has 31 Poseidon and 6 Trident IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES submarines, with a total of 5, 728 nuclear Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would warheads. Five more Tridents should be de­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 like to insert my Washington Report for livered to the Navy by early 1990. Each Tri­ dent carries the C-4 missile, which has a Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, finally, Wednesday, September 18, 1985, into the we have done something to limit espionage CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: range of nearly 4,900 miles, but lacks the ac­ curacy and explosive yield needed to destroy by the Soviets and others at the United Na­ THE TRIAD hardened Soviet military targets like missile tions. Our Government recently told the By the mid-1990s, both the U.S. and the silos and command centers. By late 1989, Soviet Union and mission personnel from Soviet Union will replace their current stra­ however, the Navy should begin equipping tegic nuclear forces with new and improved the Trident with the 8-warhead Trident II five other countries that their movements systems. The U.S. now has 10,770 strategic missile . which will have this capa­ have been restricted to a 25-mile radius nuclear warheads and the Soviets have bility. A fleet of 20 Trident subs, carrying from New York City. This is a welcome 9,594. Each side uses bombers, submarines, 480 D-5 missiles, is planned, but these num­ move which will help to slow up the hemor­ and land-based missiles to deliver these war­ bers could grow. rhage of sensitive intelligence and defense heads. The Soviets keep about % of their While the D-5 is being developed, the information from this country. warheads on land-based missiles, while the Navy will use Tomahawk cruise missiles on U.S. relies on a more balanced attack. Each ships and attack subs. Though much slower Over the years, many Soviets, masquer­ leg of the U.S. nuclear triad has its own ad­ than the C-4, the Tomahawk has the most ading as legitimate U.N. Secretariat em­ vantages in deterring the Soviets. accurate guidance system in the U.S. arse­ ployees, have engaged in extensive espio­ HEAVY BOMBERS nal. It can destroy a Soviet landbased mis­ nage and have traveled throughout the The U.S. manned bomber fleet is the most sile in a hardened silo from a distance of United States in pursuit of valuable intelli­ 1,500 miles. During a conflict, these missiles versatile part of the triad. Dispatched at the gence information. It is interesting to note first warning of an attack, bombers can ma­ would be used to saturate enemy air de­ neuver in enemy territory and can be re­ fenses. that many familiar with the Soviet espio­ called if a crisis is averted. The American LAND-BASED MISSILES nage effort believe that about 350 of the fleet of 297 bombers <241 B-52s and 56 FB- For nearly a decade, the President and Soviets assigned to the United Nation are 11ls> carries about 3,300 nuclear weapons. Congress have debated how best to improve engaged in espionage activities. 303 Soviet bombers carry 1,052 nuclear our long-range land-based nuclear force. There is a standing joke at the United weapons. Almost half of the Soviet bombers 1,000 Minuteman missiles, with 2,100 war­ are based on a design 30 years old. By the Nation among legitimate employees there heads, are now deployed in underground suggesting that Soviet employees in the mid-1990s most of the older bombers will be silos. All 24 Titan missiles will be retired by replaced with modern versions. 1987. The development of more accurate Secretariat rarely do legitimate United The American FB-111 travels at twice the and powerful Soviet land-based missiles, and Nation work because of their heavy spying speed of sound, but it must be refueled after Soviet advances in superhardened missile requirements. 1,560 miles. The B-52 can travel twice as far, silos, have reduced the effectiveness of the Other nations affected by the new !"estric­ but the last of them was built in 1962. To Minuteman force. A 1983 Presidential com­ tions are Afghanistan, Cuba, Iran, Libya, improve performance, the Air Force has mission recommended placing 100 MX mis­ equipped B-52s with 1,080 cruise missiles. siles in existing Minuteman silos, and en­ and Vietnam. Another 1,800 cruise missiles will be de­ dorsed the development of the Midgetman, Let us hope that the United Nation will ployed by the 1990s. Launched from the air­ a mobile, single-warhead missile to be car­ understand the serious intent and the spirit craft, each cruise missile is a small pilotless ried on armored vehicles. of this new travel ban and fully cooperate plane that can carry a warhead up to 1,500 An MX carries 10 warheads, and each war­ with U.S. Government officials responsible miles. They are accurate and very difficult head can be programmed to hit a separate to detect; their radar image is about the target. It can destroy hardened Soviet mili­ for enforcing the new travel requirements. same size as a seagull's. The Soviets also tary targets. Now being flight tested, the With these concerns in mind, I recom­ have cruise missiles on their bombers, but first 10 MX missiles should be ready in 1986. mend the following Washington Post arti­ technical advances give the American mis­ Because they will be placed in vulnerable, cle to my colleagues in the House. sile greater range, accuracy, and perform­ easily-targeted silos, and because the cost The article follows: ance. for deployment of 100 missiles is $21.7 bil­ The Air Force is developing two new long­ lion. Congress limited to 50 the number of range bombers-the B-1B and the Advance MXs that can be deployed in these silos. September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24409 [From the Washington Post, Sept. 14, 1985] If their travel is on official U.N. business, Another T AA bill is proceeding as a part U.S. TIGHTENS TRAVEL AT U.N.-STAFF FRoM the U.S. office would book their flights and of the Ways and Mean Budget reconcilia­ SOVIET, FIVE COUNTRIES RESTRICTED TO 25- hotel arrangements outside the zone. The tion package. H.R. 3367 may be needed be­ MILE LIMIT office also considers personal requests for cause the reconciliation is moving rather recreational travel on a case-by-case basis, U.S. officials said. slowly. UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 13-About 450 staff The secretary general challenged the members of the United Nations Secretariat right of the United States to determine from the Soviet Union and five other coun­ whether travel by U.N. employes is official. tries, many of them accused by Washington NATIONAL NEWSPAPER WEEK Other U.N. officials noted that any coopera­ AND THE IMPORTANCE OF of being spies, will be restricted in their tion with the processing of travel requests travels outside the New York City area would constitute acceptance of the Ameri­ THE COMMUNITY NEWSPAPER starting Sunday, the United States an­ can rules. nounced today. Perez de Cuellar appealed to the United Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar States to reconsider the imposition of the HON. DENNIS M. HERTEL denounced the restrictions as improper, OF MICHIGAN "unduly onerous" and incompatible with restrictions, but was told last night by U.S. officials that they would go into effect as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American treaty obligations under the U.N. scheduled. Charter and other agreements. In a note to Privately, U.N. officials conceded that the Thursday, September 19, 1985 the U.S. Mission to the United Nations, re­ travel code does not violate any specific pro­ leased today, he refused an American re­ Mr. HERTEL of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I quest that he help ensure compliance with visions of the U.N. Charter or the 1946 headquarters agreement regulating the U.N. think it is only proper and fitting that the new rule. during National Newspaper Week (Septem­ The travel code, which now will require presence in New York. Instead, they said, it the Secretariat workers involved to seek runs counter to the essential character of ber 15-21, 1985) we take a moment to rec­ U.S. approval of any trips beyond a 25-mile the international civil service, which should ognize the tremendous service of our Na­ radius from Columbus Circle in midtown be free from influence by one government. tion's newspaper network. Newspapers Manhattan, has long applied to diplomats, Ironically, the way the rules are framed, they would apply to many nationals of serve an important function in our society: journalists and other government officials Transmitting information about the econo­ from the six countries. Cuba, Libya, Iran and Afghanistan who are In addition to the Soviet Union, which has on the U.N. staff because they are alienated my, politics, human interest, and communi­ about 300 U.N. staff members in New York, from the present governments of those ty events, just to name a few. the countries involved are Afghanistan, countries and cannot safely return home. The Grosse Pointe News, a community with 20 U.N. employes, Cuba (with 30), Iran One high-ranking U.N. executive from paper located in the 14th Congressional Iran, who did not wish to be identified by <50), Libya (40) and Vietnam 05). District which I represent, published an ar­ The action taken by the State Depart­ name, noted that at his home in New ment was mandated under an amendment Jersey, "My bedroom is inside the 25-mile ticle especially for National Newspaper to the department's budget authorization limit, so I can sleep, but unfortunately my Week entitled, "Newspapers: They're Every­ bill, adopted in July and sponsored by Sen. bathroom is outside the zone." Others, who body's Business," by Nancy Parmenter, William V. Roth Jr. . But the ad­ live in New York's Westchester County, are which describes the role of this particular ministration, in its note informing the also beyond the limit. American officials in­ dicated that these staffers could obtain ex­ paper during its 45-year history in the United Nations of the restrictions, accepted Grosse Pointe community. I want to share the mandate as necessary to curb espionage emptions upon application and suggested activities. that those perceived as being no threat to excerpts from this article with my col­ " It is a response to a serious concern over the United States could obtain permanent leagues to demonstrate the importance of clandestine activities by employes of the exemptions for personal travel. the many services provided by such news­ Secretariat from the U.S.S.R. and certain But another Iranian in exile, Zohreh Ta­ papers. other countries," said Irene Payne, a spokes­ batabai, bristled at the requirement of ap­ woman for the U.S. Mission. "Such activi­ plying to the State Department for permis­ EXCERPTS FROM THE GROSSE POINTE NEWS ties are inconsistent with the status of these sion to keep her U.N. speaking engagements The Grosse Pointe News never neglected persons as international civil servants, and in Seattle and Boulder, Colo., or asking the role it prides itself on today-that of they pose a threat to the security of the leave to spend a weekend in the Hamptions community booster. Pages were devoted to United States." on Long Island. high school sports and community events. Since the United Nations took up resi­ "I refuse to take another nationality, and Economic development, fire and police pro­ dence in New York 40 years ago, more than I refuse to go to them-it is outrageous," tection and school news filled the pages, a dozen Soviet staff members have been ar­ she said. "The U.N. will have to post me crowding even news of the war in Europe. rested and deported on spying charges. But somewhere else. Many of us can't go home. Perez de Cuellar noted that during his four We've already cut links with a country that • • • • years as secretary general, the United was dear to us, and now the U.S. wants to If there were no Grosse Pointe News, you States had never brought to his attention intern us it did to the Japanese" during wouldn't know who got married, had a baby, any such charges against any Secretariat World War II. or died. Local merchants would have no member. Were it to do so, he said, he would outlet for their ads and business would "take quick and effective action" against drop. You would have had to depend on any staff member "shown to have engaged word-of-mouth to find out when school in any improper activities against the securi­ TRADE ADJUSTMENT opened. ty of the host state." ASSISTANCE But he rejected "any blanket, unsubstan­ • • • • • tiated accusation." In a recent book, Sovlet You depend on the Grosse Pointe News defector Arkady Shevchenko, who was once HON. BILL FRENZEL OF MINNESOTA for information on community meetings. the top-ranking Soviet on the U.N. staff, School sports. The level of Lake St. Clair. confirmed that nine of 12 Soviet nationals IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Those fantastic classified ads. And we've working under him "were intelligence pro­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 been cranking that information out for 45 fessionals" and added that "it is probably no years. exaggeration to count more than half of the Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, for myself more than 700 Soviets in New York City as and the gentleman from Florida, Mr. GIB­ • • ... full-time spies." BONS, I have introduced today H.R. 3367, a Today the Grosse Pointe News has seven Unlike Soviet diplomats, the U.N. staff bill to extend the existing Trade Adjustment writers. We cover the police and fire beats members have been able until now to travel Assistance Program for 60 days. in all five Pointes twice a week and attend freely across the United States. I do not sponsor this bill out of affection every municipal meeting, but the biggest But, starting on Sunday, they and the for the program. Rather, the reason is that part of our coverage is still the community. other U.N. employes under the interdiction some additional time is required for the ad­ Detailing the efforts and successes of its in­ must submit requests for travel outside the dividuals is the paper's way of taking an ac­ 25-mile zone to the State Department's For­ ministration to review trade adjustment as­ sistnce and submit a new, improved pro­ curate community pulse. It's a record of the eign Missions Service Bureau in mid-Man­ rhythms of life from birth to death. hattan. gram to the Congress for approval. 24410 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 EDUCATION SAVINGS ACCOUNT Those who apply and are denied visas are during Jewish holidays-a brutal rejoinder PROPOSED also denied the right to earn a living in to this year's celebration of Rosh Hasha­ their chosen professions. Many are separat­ nah elsewhere in the world. We simply HON. JIM KOLBE ed from family members who are already cannot stand idly by while citizens of other OF ARIZONA in the West. Some are even imprisoned for nations are being persecuted for their reli­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES expressing their desire to settle in Israel a gious beliefs. little too forcefully or for practicing Juda­ The abhorrent living conditions which re­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 ism a little too overtly. fuseniks and their families are forced to Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ The cases of Kim Fridman and Vladimir endure in the Soviet Union was made evi­ troducing a biiJ which would amend the In­ Kislik are not unique in the Soviet treat­ dent to me on my recent trip to the coun­ ternal Revenue Code and allow a deduction ment of refuseniks. Both men have been try. Many are without jobs and have no for contributions to an education savings denied exit visas for 14 years. Both have money to pay for life's necessities. Sick account set up to help fund a child's post­ lost their jobs. Both have been separated children grow weak and hungry because secondary education. for years from family members who have the food and medical care which they so The cost of higher education continues to emigrated to Israel. And both have been ar­ desperately require are unavailable or un­ increase and as a result some of our most rested on trumped up charges, been con­ affordable to their refusenik parents. This deserving young people are denied this val­ victed of fabricated offenses and have deplorable treatment of Soviet children is uable opportunity. The high cost of con­ served time in Soviet prisons. just one more in a long and continuously tinuing education places a tremendous The Soviet Government's official reason growing list of heinous crimes committed burden on families, especially those with for refusing to allow these men to depart, by the Soviet Government against human­ more than one child in college. At a time is that they represent a threat to state secu­ ity. when Congress is trying to reduce the defi­ rity. These charges are patently absurd. As the November summit meeting be­ cit by cutting back on student loans, I be­ The "secrets" that Fridman and Kislik al­ tween President Reagan and General Secre­ lieve we have an obligation to provide an legedly possess have long since been com­ tary Gorbachev draws near, a unique op­ alternative for families who are trying to promised. Many of Mr. Fridman's col­ portunity presents itself to improve the lot meet the high cost of a college education. leagues at the Kiev radio plant have been of Soviet Jews and all those oppressed in The biiJ I'm introducing would allow par­ granted exit visas and the "sensitive" infor­ the Soviet Union ents or guardians of children under the age mation that Mr. Kislik researched has since It would be an encouraging sign to of 19 to contribute up to $1,000 a year per been published. people of every nation if the Soviet Govern­ child to education savings accounts, which They are not threats to Soviet security, ment were to admit the error of its ways would act as trusts until the child begins but what they represent is. In a totalitarian and work to ease the plight of Soviet attending college or a postsecondary voca­ society, expressing one's individualism and Jews-to permit Jews to worship peacefully tional school. The annual contributions, in standing up for one's rights cannot be tol­ or to permit them to emigrate to a country the form of cash, stocks, or securities, erated, and those who do, must be made ex­ that will allow them to do so. In an age would be excluded from the contributor's amples of. We in the West, however, have where the easing of superpower tension is a gross income and would never be taxed so no such fears. Kim Fridman, Vladimir vital prerequisite, anything less would be long as they eventually are used for college Kislik and the other refuseniks, must know an abysmal abdication of responsibility. expenses. that their plight is not being ignored in the I urge my colleagues to join me in sup­ West, and that this Congress will continue porting what I believe is some necessary to speak out on their behalf. FEDERAL EMPLOYEES BENEFITS help to the American family that pursues IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1985 the dream of a college education for their children. 1985 CALL TO CONSCIENCE HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR OF OHIO CALL TO CONSCIENCE STATE­ HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MENT FOR SOVIET JEWRY OF MASSACHUSETTS Thursday, September 19, 1985 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JOSEPH P. ADDABBO Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 troducing the Federal Employees Benefits OF NEW YORK Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, let me take Improvement Act of 1985. This legislation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this opportunity to express my concern for will amend and improve the Federal Em­ Thursday, September 19, 1985 the distressful situation which has prompt­ ployees Health Benefits Program [FEHBP] Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, for the past ed the necessity for the 1985 Congressional and the civil service retirement system. several months many of my colleagues Call to Conscience for Soviet Jews. Joining me as cosponsors of this bill are have been responding to a congressional The appalling treatment of Jewish citi­ members of the Subcommittee on Compen­ "Call to Conscience" and speaking out on zens in the Soviet Union, which is typified sation and Employee Benefits, Congress­ the plight of Soviet Jewry. In doing so, this by blatant discrimination and outright har­ men LELAND, SOLARZ, and YOUNG, as well Congress has persistently reminded the assment, must be brought to light on the as other strong advocates for Federal world and the Soviet Government that sys­ floor of the U.S. Congress. This Nation workers, Congressmen BARNES, FAZIO, tematic violation of human rights will not cannot tolerate the Soviet practice of deny­ HORTON, HOYER, MOAKLEY, and WOLF. be ignored by this country. ing members of a religious minority their Over the past few years, the Subcommit­ The Soviets, as signators to the Helsinki basic human rights. tee on Compensation and Employees Bene­ accords, are pledged to uphold human This matter is of special interest to me as fits, which I chair, has conducted extensive rights and permit free emigration. They I have worked personally to seek the re­ hearings on the FEHBP. Numerous provi­ have never fully lived up to this commit­ lease of many Soviet Jews who have been sions of the bill I am introducing today, ment, but in recent months and years they denied permission to emigrate by the Soviet which make necessary improvements in the have become brazen in their disregard. Government. The number of Jews allowed program, were the subject of much discus­ Increasingly, we hear reports of official to emigrate from the Soviet Union has de­ sion and favorable testimony during those Government action taken against Jews who creased from a high of 51,320 in 1979 to hearings. The remainder of the legislation practice their religion. People have been ar­ only 896 in 1984. When Jews apply for exit sets forth a series of technical amendments rested for such "anti-Soviet" activities as visas from the Soviet Union and are denied, to Public Law 98-615, which was enacted teaching Hebrew. Jewish emigration has they are ostracized, publicly beaten, and of­ last year to provide retirement equity for been slowed to a trickle-it is likely that tentimes their very lives are threatened by former spouses of civl service retirees. fewer than 1,000 Jews will be granted exit the Soviet Government. These refuseniks Eight provisions in the bill relate to the visas this year. often receive especially brutal treatment Federal Employees Health Benefits Pro- September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24411 gram. The first provision will enable retired ing clinical social workers, nurse midwives, GORDON PRANGE-WORLD WAR enrollees in the FEHBP to receive rebates nurse practitioners, chiropractors, and II HISTORIAN which will be offered next year by 11 plans others, for health services covered under in the program. This change will benefit FEHBP plans. OPM must report its find­ HON. NEAL SMITH hundreds of thousands of Federal retirees, ings on both studies to Congress by March who, like active employees, are entitled to 1, 1986. OF IOWA refunds on their health insurance premi­ The sixth provision requires the OPM to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ums due to the excess reserves that have conduct an open season before the start of Thursday, September 19, 1985 accumulated in the program. any contract year in which a new health The second provision permanently re­ Mr. SMITH of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, the peals the 75-percent limitation on the Gov­ benefits plan is offered or an existing plan Pomeroy, lA, High School recently paid ernment's contribution toward the FEHBP changes its rates or coverage or terminates tribute to Dr. Gordon W. Prange by observ­ premium. Earlier this week, the Post Office participation in the program. Such a re­ ing the 57th anniversary of his graduation and Civil Service Committee included a 2- quirement will protect FEHBP enrollees by from that school in 1928. Many of his year suspension of the 75-percent cap in its ensuring that when there are changes in friends and acquaintances were present reconciliation bill. By allowing for the full the program, they will have an opportunity and spoke at the occasion including Anne Government contribution, this provision to review their insurance needs and to Root Prange, his wife, and his son Winfred. will lower the cost of health insurance for make informed choices about their cover­ Destined to become one of the great his­ more than 1 million FEHBP subscribers. age. torians of our time, the late Dr. Prange left This reform has a history of strong support The seventh section of this bill provides with us the most intricate analysis of by the administration, the health insurance that FEHBP plans may require referral by Japan's preparations for the attack on carriers and Federal employee organiza­ a psychiatrist as a condition for reimburse­ Pearl Harbor. Before that he analyzed Hit­ tions. ment of clinical social workers for covered ler's speeches from 1922 to 1943. Had this The third provision in the bill reinstates services provided to enrollees. Plans may material been carefully scrutinized the the authority for FEHBP payments to non­ not, however, require physician supervision Western nations would have been better medical health providers in medically un­ as a condition for reimbursement. prepared for Hitler's assault on civilization. derserved areas. This authority expired on The final provision relating to the Dr. Prange who obtained his B.A., M.A., January 1 of this year, and is now badly FEHBP expresses the sense of the Congress and Ph.D degrees at the University of Iowa needed in areas where there are insuffi­ in Iowa City in the 1930's based the latter that ~ufficient coverage for mental health cient physicians to meet Federal workers' degree in part on his studies in Munich, health needs. and substance abuse treatment be available Germany before the war. Fourth, my legislation eliminates the re­ to FEHBP subscribers. Our Federal work­ Following his years of schooling Dr. quirement that prepaid FEHBP plans, or ers deserve adequate insurance coverage Prange taught history at the University of health maintenance organizations [HMO's], for the treatment of these health conditions Maryland from 1937 to 1943 when he employ physicians representing three medi­ and should not have to suffer with less, became a member of a U.S. Navy research cal specialties. Originally, this requirement simply because mental illness is perceived team responsible for writing political and was designed to assure the availability of a to be stigmatized. administrative sections of handbooks on range of health services in each HMO. In the area of civil service retirement, Formosa. During the war, he graduated Today, however, it effectively precludes the this legislation makes six technical changes from the Navy's Military Government Pro­ development of family practice HMO's and in the Civil Service Retirement Spouse gram at Princeton University and went to other group providers who seek to serve Equity Act of 1984, Public Law 98-615, Japan with the American Occupation their community's general health needs, in­ which provided for survivor retirement Forces, staying on as a civilian. stead of going into a narrower, more spe­ benefits to former spouses of Federal work­ From 1946 to 1951, he served on Gen. cialized practice. My bill would replace this ers. Technical corrections in this bill will Douglas MacArthur's general staff in provision with a more realistic requirement clarify congressional intent in that law. Tokyo. During these years, he directed an that comprehensive plans include at least A number of provisions apply to Federal Army historical staff of more than 80 per­ three physicians who represent one or employees, retirees, and surviving spouses sons including former Japanese military of­ more medical specialties appropriate and who were unintentionally excluded from ficers, as well as U.S. Army officers and en­ necessary for their enrollees. the provisions of Public Law 98-615. An­ listed men to produce a history on MacAr­ The fifth provision of this bill requires other provision will clarify conditions for thur's operations. This work resulted in the the Office of Personnel Management to un­ "Reports of General MacArthur." It was participation of former spouses in the Fed­ not published until after MacArthur's death dertake a study of two aspects of the eral Employees Health Benefits Program. FEHBP. First, OPM will assess the adequa­ in 1964 in accordance with his wishes. cy of information services provided to The bill also clarifies congressional intent Prange's vast research enabled him to write FEHBP subscribers. With the numerous with regard to electing an insurable inter­ "Tora! Tora! Tora!" which was made into a choices in FEHBP plans available to sub­ est for former spouses and others. motion picture. His most detailed effort, scribers, it is essential that they have ade­ Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the original "At Dawn We Slept," is an amazing factual quate information to make intelligent deci­ cosponsors of this bill for their endorse­ description of Japan's preparation for the sions. The flood of inquiries into congres­ ment and their continuing, tireless efforts Pearl Harbor attack. No literary effort on sional offices alone suggests that Federal to assist Federal workers and retirees. the subject of Pearl Harbor has matched it. workers and retirees would benefit greatly Their bipartisan support is indicative of the When Prange returned to the University from improved information about their strong need for the provisions in this legis­ of Maryland in 1951 he brought 450 crates health plans, both before open s~ason and lation. Once again, this bill incorporates of books, newspapers, and periodicals with during the contract year. positive changes to improve the Federal him concerning the military occupation of The legislation directs the OPM to exam­ health insurance and retirement programs Japan. The materials were accepted by the ine specifically the coordination of cover­ for the benefit of all Federal workers and University of Maryland's McKeldin Library age for individuals enrolled both in retirees. I am proud to bring this legisla­ and designated the Gordon W. Prange Col­ FEHBP and Medicare or other Federal tion before the House of Representatives lection. These materials formed the basis of health programs. In this area especially, and urge its swift and affirmative consider­ much of his work. adequate information is essential if enroll­ ation by my colleagues. The evening of tribute and reunion were ees are to take full advantage of the health made possible by the work of Luella Lun­ coverage they buy. Second, OPM will study deen of Pomeroy and Virgil Shinker, Port and make recommendations to the Con­ Charlotte, FL, with the help of many gress on requiring direct reimbursement of others. A number of Iowa newspapers de­ nonphysician health practitioners, includ- scribed the event, among them the Po- 24412 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 meroy Herald and the Fort Dodge Messen­ "Hitler's Words." This teasing was all in fun years ago that Gordon could easily have ger. and we never doubted our love and loyalty made the 1932 Olympic Team had he con­ If there are no objections I would like to for one another and our patriotism. As proc­ tinued in the weight events. But we both include exerpts from the two newspapers, tors and student governors of the then larg­ agreed that he chose the route he liked est single men's dormitory in the world, I best. from speeches given, and from other re­ never doubted the sincerity and sound judg­ Not much later Gordon shifted his atten­ cordings of the affair. ment of his advice on important matters. tion and his enthusiasm to the academic Virgil Shinker described his associations Time will not permit me to relate numerous field. Here another person became linked with Gordon Prange in athletics and he personal events from which both Ruth and with Gordon's future. Dr. Winfred Root. told of a letter Prange wrote some years I make these ultimate conclusions. head of the University of Iowa history de­ ago describing Shinker's father's religious Prange constantly, diligently and tena­ partment, was a giant at the university. influence on Prange as a boy. The elder ciously wanted to be right and his research When one thought of history he thought of into historical events is evidence of his Dr. Root. He was a compassionate person Shinker told young Prange "if you do your painstaking efforts. A study of his 37 years part God will do his" and Prange remem­ who expected his students to do their best. of work on the book "At Dawn We Slept" As it turned out he also usually knew where bered this throughout his life. concerning Pearl Harbor, proves the the jobs were for graduating historians or Marjorie Lewis Albrecht described premise. He said himself, which is Gordon those doing historical research. In addition, Prange, the boy, as one who was musical over and over, "No axe to grind, no precon­ he had an attractive daughter who had at­ and also talented in sports, a prankster ceived thesis to prove, no one to attack, no tended Stanford University. One thing led now and then with a keen sense of humor, one to defend." He strove always to be ob­ to another and the first time I met up with but a person who was also a dedicated stu­ jective and not subjective. His other works Gordon in Washington after the war he had dent and one who accomplished what he "Master Spy". "The Miracle of Midway", married Anne Root and was a full-fledged set out to do. "He liked to be best at what­ "Tora! Tora! Tora!", "Hitler's Words" and historian at home and at his University of thousands of pages of history prove the Maryland office. ever he did," she said. She remembered that case. Gordon's career at Maryland and else­ one of Prange's teachers told him in high Both prior and subsequent to Gordon's where identified him as a man who regret­ school that he had a great potential be­ death, I had many occasions to visit with ted having so few hours in the day. One has cause of his love of history. some of his close friends. I particularly only to read the extensive dissertation he Dr. Norman Runge, a dentist, younger recall visiting with a senior U.S. circuit sent McGraw Hill after nearing the end of than Prange and 2 years behind him in court of appeals judge with whom I sat in At Dawn We SlepL I have never known of class, described his self-professed case of San Francisco. By utter chance I found that such an intricate and detailed research hero worship for Prange that followed him he was a close friend and acquaintance of effort covering the 37 years he devoted to Gordon Prange and I believe he said that he through school in Pomeroy and at the Uni­ the subject of Pearl Harbor. He interviewed was the Best Man at Gordon and Anne's hundreds. I am convinced that Gordon's versity of Iowa. Dr. Runge, speaking of his wedding. At any rate, Judge Richard Cham­ letter to McGraw Hill on the pattern of his start at the University 2 years behind bers was formerly chief judge of the Circuit historical research should be must reading Prange said, "I had the $48 for my tuition Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit which for all persons in the academic world who but I couldn't afford a place to stay and it includes the State of California and he was are faced with that all-inclusive word "re­ looked like college was over for me. ever generous in his eloquent remarks relat­ search." Gordon let me move in with him for $30 a ing to the historical writings of his good Gordon had many friends in the lofty aca­ semester to be paid at the rate of $5 every friend Gordon. If he were here tonight I am demic field and in politics and government. two weeks." Dr. Runge said had it not been certain that he would affirm the pronounce­ Among his closest was Francis 0. Wilcox, ments here made in regard to Gordon W. for Prange he might well have had to give once of the Iowa University track team and Prange. later Under Secretary of State for the up going to college. I found Gordon to be as free from affecta­ United Nations. There were many ex­ Federal Judge William C. Hansen of Jef­ tion or artificiality as anyone I knew. I changes of letters, comments on Gordon's fe.rson, lA, a long-time friend both in col­ always knew Gordon to be a man with the writings for the Readers' Digest and others. lege and throughout Prange's career, told virtues I esteem. He practiced the principles Francis retired and became Director of the audience: of truth, honor, integrity and fairness in his Johns Hopkins School of Advanced Interna­ The presence of all of you does honor to profession as a historian and all through his tional Studies. When I had lunch with Fran­ Gordon and bears witness to his great spirit life. In conclusion let me say that I believe cis last fall our conversation centered which continues to pervade and influence Gordon W. Prange will be adjudged one of around Gordon's almost unmatched devo­ all of us. the great historians of our time. tion to seeing his writings through. Unques­ Gordon came from the Pomeroy commu­ Harry L. Tennant of Mendocino, CA, a tionably Dr. Wilcox would be here today for nity where the roots grow deep in humility close friend of Prange's at the University of this remarkable tribute but he passed on and simplicity. His parentage and family Iowa and a journalist in Washington, DC, three months ago. background produced an environment of Dr. Prange's wife, Anne, who lives in Uni­ love and understanding which constitute for many years, spoke of Prange's capabili­ versity Park, Maryland closed the anniver­ the true foundation of greatness. He was a ties and determination. sary program. Jalene Jameson of the Fort true son of Iowa. My first meeting with Gordon occurred in Dodge Messenger said, "She characterized Gordon and I and my wife-all three­ late September of 1928 at the University of her late husband as a perfectionist who was were students at the University of Iowa Iowa Field House. We had both signed up never quite ready to publish his work." during our college careers, and we kept in for fall track after registering for classes. Students flocked to his classes at the Uni­ contact with each other until his untimely We were seated on one end of a bench but versity of Maryland and he thrived on death in May, 1980. From the day he en­ had not yet been assigned lockers. Both of teaching but his roots were always in Iowa, tered the University it was obvious that he us felt a bit bewildered. I asked Gordon, according to Anne Prange. was there to observe the rules and obtain an then a complete stranger, if he would keep Gordon loved Pomeroy and loved Iowa. He education in his chosen field. Moreover, in an eye on my clothes while I went to the was a true son of Iowa. To the day he died, I the pursuit of athletics he keenly observed showers. I would then watch his while he am sure his heart was in Iowa. every rule of training and was good at the took a shower. This we did opening up a John Heilman, editor of the Pomeroy shot put. He was perhaps the finest first friendship that lasted 52 years. I might add Herald, described "At Dawn We Slept" as a baseman in baseball that I have ever ob­ that this was the first and only time served at the University of Iowa. throughout the years that I found him be­ monumental work written in the best Gordon was the most zealous researcher wildered. scholarly tradition. of historical events I ever knew. Being stu­ Gordon continued with track and became The work adds greatly to knowledge of dents together, I thought he was too strict spectacular in the shot put. In his early the events leading up to one of the most sig­ in his interpretations. He, I am sure, months at the University of Iowa he set a nificant occurrences of this century, the thought I was too dove-eyed. In those early national record of sorts. In that athletic bombing of Pearl Harbor. However, the days-the late twenties and early thirties­ event he had the capability of a champion. book reads like a novel, which may well be new approaches to governmental action But, at the height of his efforts he quit the the mark of an outstanding historian. It's a were being initiated, and in our bull sessions shot put and turned to baseball. His coach, fascinating account, good for the serious he accused me of being what was then Thomas E. Martin, a member of the Univer­ student of history or for someone who called a "bolshevik" and I accused him of sity of Iowa law faculty and later a U.S. simply enjoys a gripping tale of intrigue and being a Hitler. As you know, he later wrote Senator in Washington, D.C. told me 25 drama. If Prange taught his classes the way September 19, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24413 he wrote his books, it is small wonder they increased, doubling the workload in New ter supplemental student loan programs. I were filled during the early phases of regis­ Jersey's already crowded district courts. understand Senators DURENBERGER and tration. Most civil cases wait almost 2 years to BOREN are introducing identical legislation come to trial in this severely backlogged ju­ in the other body. A TRIBUTE TO MR. MARLIN dicial network. In response to student needs for finan­ LOOKER The surge in litigation over Social Secu­ cial assistance, States have set up supple­ rity disability benefits is a major source of mental student loan programs. These loan HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS the district court's increased workload. As programs are not federally guaranteed and the Government pursues tougher policies in do not depend on direct Federal or State OF PENNSYLVANIA handling claims for such benefits, the subsidies. They do rely on tax-exempt fi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES number of cases from Jersey City will con­ nancing. Thursday, September 19, 1985 tinue to increase dramatically. In 1984, the Deficit Reduction Act placed Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I have great Statistics show that even after Congress a moratorium on the issuance of tax­ respect for those individuals who sacrifice authorized some additional judgships, judi­ exempt bonds for supplemental student their personal time and overlook their own cial appointments have not kept up with loan programs; 15 States were allowed a concerns to help serve others. Today I the voluminous amount of recent cases, es­ one-time exception under which they were would like to call to the attention of my pecially those involving civil litigation. In able to issue a limited amount of tax­ colleagues in the U.S. Congress the achieve­ addition to the problem of an inadequate exempt debt to continue their programs. ments of Mr. Marlin Looker, a constituent number of judges to handle this critical sit­ Once the established limits are met, States of mine from Harrisburg, PA, who is being uation, the New Jersey district court facili­ will be unable to continue the supplemental honored by his family and friends on Sep­ ties are severely overcrowded, and could student loan program. tember 21 for his many years of distin­ not provide adequate working space for the The legislation I am introducing today guished service to his community. judicial personnel. would allow those States currently operat­ Mr. Looker's long list of activities and The closest district court facility to ing supplemental student loan programs to accomplishments over the years for the Jersey City is located in Newark, NJ. The continue them. The remaining 34 States benefit of his community would seem to be court's three buildings are uncomfortably would be allowed to set up similar pro­ enough to satisfy most of us in a lifetime, overcrowded. While there are plans to build grams. but his involvement in the American an additional judicial facility nearby, the Under this bill, States would be required Legion, his local fire company and Lions project is not likely to be completed for to adhere to existing State volume cap on Club as well as the Steelton-Swatara Ma­ several years to come. Even though the tax-exempt debt. The supplemental student sonic Temple, to name just a few, has not availability of space in the existing facility loan therefor will not cause any softening diminished. In fact, Mr. Looker's participa­ is at a bare minimum, he overload in case­ on total tax-exempt issue restrictions. Nei­ tion in many different projects and com­ work dictates that the Newark bench in­ ther will the SSL Program affect the Guar­ munity services have won him special crease its judicial staff before the annex is anteed Student Loan Program. merits of honor, most notably the highest ready for occupancy. honor in Lionism, the Distinguished Serv­ The most severe result of the court's swelling volume of dockets is the inability THE OLDEST TRUCKING FIRM ice Award in 1982 and in 1983, the Citizen IN AMERICA of the Year Award. of judicial personnel to give their full at­ Mr. Speaker, it is my hope that more tention to the most difficult cases. Similar­ Americans will follow the example of ly, there has been increased pressure on the HON.BERNARDJ.D~ Marlin Looker and devote some of their appeals courts to divert civil claims from OF NEW JERSEY time to public service. I truly believe that the district courts. There is a need for a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our quality of life would only improve fur­ district court in Jersey City to alleviate Thursday, September 19, 1985 ther. Allow me to express my gratitude to backlogged claims, and to once again con­ Mr. DWYER of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, Marlin Looker for many jobs well done. I centrate upon the quality of a case's review the Sixth Congressional District of the am honored to have an individual like him rather than the speed of its consideration. State of New Jersey has many reasons to living in my district. It is our duty to provide the citizens of this country with adequate legal facilities be proud. It is an outstanding area, leading so that all legal cases will receive proper the Nation in many fields. It is the home of TO ESTABLISH A U.S. DISTRICT judicial review. As recent litigation surges Rutgers University, corporate headquarters COURT IN JERSEY CITY, NJ in our district courts, the denial of more to many pharmaceutical and high tech centrally located, efficient and properly businesses, and home to 526,000 hardwork­ HON. FRANK J. GUARINI staffed district courts will only result in ing and dedicated persons. But what my coUeagues might not know OF NEW JERSEY hindering the legal process further. Statis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tics have given proof to the great volume of is that the sixth district also is home to the oldest active trucking firm in the United Thursday, September 19, 1985 cases filed in Jersey City, and indicate that it should be included in a growing legal States. Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I would like network as a prime location for a U.S. dis­ Van Brunt & Son, Inc., of Old Bridge, to call my colleagues' attention to a serious trict court. Mr. Speaker, given the reasons I NJ, has been operating in the central New judicial problem within my district. Jersey have stated above, I respectfully urge my Jersey area since 1837. Now, after 148 City is one of New Jersey's principal urban colleagues to favorably consider this bill. years, it is still going strong. The company centers. Mter years of decay and neglect, has an interesting history, which I would the past decade has witnessed civic revital­ like to share with my colleagues today. ization unprecedented in the State of New SUPPLEMENTAL STUDENT Originally called the Matawan Stage Jersey. With the onset of a renewed local LOANS Line, it was a stagecoach line which met economy, J ersy City has once again drawn steamboats that operated between New a diverse group of residents and visitors to HON. BILL FRENZEL York City and Keyport, NJ. In 1887, it was its boundaries. In order to maintain the OF MINNESOTA bought by William Van Brunt and assumed quality of living it has always provided citi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES its current name. Around the turn of the zens, I am introducing a bill to provide the century, the line was operated to haul U.S. District Court for the District of New Thursday, September 19, 1985 cargo and provide taxi service. Jersey be held at Jersey City in addition to Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, today I am Then, in 1912, Van Brunt bought his first those pfaces currently provided by law. introducing, for myself and Mr. PENNY of truck, a 1912 Federal, which was followed During the past 10 years our area's Fed­ Minnesota, H.R. 3366, legislation that by a series of Pierce Arrows and Packards. eral criminal and civil cases have sharply would allow States to continue to adminis- The business grew rapidly, and was princi- 24414 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 19, 1985 pally involved in hauling farm products posal may be exactly the new-old "growth tion, twice the nation, and a corresponding­ from central New Jersey to New York and model" this country is looking for precisely ly stunning 70-percent rise in total employ­ westward to Pennsylvania. because it deliberately shifts the tax burden ment, 2.6 times the nation. Following William Van Brunt's death in from small business and individual enter­ By contrast, Ohio's dismal 26-percent rise 1937, the business was run by his son, preneurs toward the large corporations. in total business formation was only one­ The effect is to lower both marginal and fifth the national rate and coincided with Harvey. In 1963, Harvey Van Brunt retired effective tax rates on those most likely to its dreadful 5-percent, thirteen-year rise in and sold the business to Fred Hermann, make the economy grow, by taking away tax jobs, while Pennsylvania's sub-par 73-per­ who continues to operate it today. Her­ subsidies from those with the least growth cent new business growth helps explain its mann conducted a modernization program, potential. sad <4 percent> 13-year rise in employment. replacing the firm's old facility in Matawan We came to this conclusion after spending Most significantly, all but one of the 21 with the current terminal in Old Bridge several days analyzing state-by-state trends "best" new business and economic growth and has continuously updated his trucking in new business formation, compared with states had below average individual tax equipment. job and economic growth rates. burdens, while a clear majority of the We found two things: The states with the "worst" new business states had above aver­ Today, Van Brunt and Son continues to fastest job and economic growth were not age or rising tax burdens. operate as a successful trucking firm, run­ only those states with the most rapid Thus, Mr. Reagan's tax-reform proposal ning a modern and efficient business. But, growth in new business Stop new investors from purchasing occurred, it takes 5 to 7 years before any efits from the American taxpayers. The leg­ livestock