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Ìàтеðиàлы Ìеждуíàðодíой Коíфеðеíции ISSN 1819-5733 Âåñòíèê Ìåæäóíàðîäíîé Àêàäåìèè Íàóê (Ðóññêàÿ Ñåêöèÿ) Специальный выпуск • 2009 Ïåðèîäè÷åñêèé ðåöåíçèðóåìûé íàó÷íî-èíôîðìàöèîííûé æóðíàë ÌÀТЕÐИÀЛЫ ÌЕЖДУÍÀÐОДÍОЙ КОÍФЕÐЕÍЦИИ «ЭКОЛОГИЧЕÑКИЕ ПÐОБЛЕÌЫ ГЛОБÀЛЬÍОГО ÌИÐÀ» ОÐГÀÍИЗÀТОÐЫ КОÍФЕÐЕÍЦИИ: Московский государственный гуманитарный университет имени М.А.Шолохова Международный совет научного развития, Международная академия наук (Здоровье и Экология) Русская секция Международной академии наук (Здоровье и Экология) ÌЕЖДУÍÀÐОДÍЫЙ ОÐГÀÍИЗÀЦИОÍÍЫЙ КОÌИТЕТ: Ñîпðåäñåäàòåлè: Л.А.Кðàвöîвà, МГГУ им. М.А.Шолохова, Россия В. Кîôëåð, Международная академия наук (Здоровье и Экология), Австрия С.Н. Гëàçà÷åв, НОЦ ТЭКО, МГГУ им.М.А.Шолохова, Oтделение Экологии Русской секции Международной академии наук, Россия Члåíы Оðгêîìèòåòà: Н.Г. Рûбàëьñêèé, Национальное информационное агенство «Природные ресурсы», Россия Б.И. Кî÷óðîв, Институт географии РАН, Россия Д. Мàðêîвè÷, Белградский университет, Сербия М.В. Мåäвåäåвà, Общероссийское общественное детское экологическое движение «Зеленая планета», Россия А.А.Кîðîбåéíèêîв, Совет Федерации РФ, Россия Г. Тåëëíåñ, Международный центр «Природа, культура, здоровье», Норвегия В.И. Дàíèëîв-Дàíèëьяí, Институт водных проблем РАН, Россия Ж.В. äå Аñóíñàî, Университет Сан-Пауло, Бразилия М. Эäåëьштåéí, Институт экологических исследований, колледж Рамапо, США О.С. Гëàçà÷åв, Русская секция Международной академии наук, Россия О.Е. Ïåðôèëîвà, НОЦ ТЭКО, Россия Ðåäàêöèîííàÿ êîллåгèÿ: И.В. Вагнер, О.С.Глазачев, О.В. Бобылева, А.О.Глазачева © Вестник Международной Академии Наук (Русская Секция), МГГУ им. М.А.Шолохова, 2009 Àäðåñ ðåäàêöèè: 125009 Москва, ул. Моховая 8, стр. 4. Тåл./Фàêñ: (495) 692-41-58, E-mail: [email protected] Типография — ООО «Корина Офсет», Москва, ул. Б. ßкиманка 38/2. Тел.: (499)238-44-32. E-mail: [email protected] Перепечатка статей возможна только с письменного разреøения редакции. Установочный тираж 3000 экз. Периодичность 2 раза в год Æурнал зарегистрирован Федеральной службой по надзору за соблþдением законодательства в сфере массовых коммуникаций и культурного наследия 29.04.2005, ПИ №ФС77-19971 ISSN 1819-5733 Herald of the International Academy of Sciences (Russian Section) Special issue• 2009 Periodical reviewing scientific information journal PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ”ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBAL WORLD” THE CONFERENCE IS ORGANIZED BY: M.A. Sholokhov Moscow State Humanitarian University International Council for Scientific Development International Academy of Science (Health and Ecology) Russian Section of the International Academy of Science H&E INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE (IOC) Chairmen: L.A.Kravtsova, M.A. Sholokhov Moscow State Humanitarian University, Russia W. Kofler, International Academy of Science H&E, Austria S.N. Glazachev, SEC TECO, M.A. Sholokhov MSHU, Ecological department of the Russian Section of the International Academy of Science H&E, Russia Members: N.G. Ribalsky, National Informational Agency «Natural Resources», Russia B.I. Kotchurov, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Science, Russia M.V. Medvedeva, All-Russian Social Children Ecological Movement «Green Planet», Russia D. Markovich, University of Belgrad, Serbia A.A. Korobeinikov, Russian Federation Council, Russia G. Tellnes, International Center «Nature, Culture, Health», University of Oslo, Norway V.I. Danilov-Danilyan, Russian Academy of Science, he Institute of Water Problems, Russia J.V. de Assuncao, Sao Paolo University, Brazil М. Edelstein, Ramapo College Institute of Ecological Research, USA O.S. Glazachev, International Academy of Science H&E, Russia O.E. Perfilova, TECO-Center, Russia Editorial board: I. V. Vagner, O.S.Glazachev, O.V. Bobyleva, A.O.Glazacheva © Herald of the International Academy of Sciences (Russian Section), 2008 Editorial Office address: Moscow, Mokhovaya Str. 11, bld. 4. Tel./fax: (495) 692-41-58, E-mail: [email protected] Printed in OOO «Korina Ofset», Moscow, B. Yakimanka Str. 38/2. Tel.: (499) 238-44-32. E-mail: [email protected] Article copying is possible only with an editorial board written permission. Adjusted number of copies 3000. Periodicity — twice a year. Registration certificate (mass communication media) — 29.04.2005, ПИ №ФС77-19971 ПÐЕДИÑЛОÂИЕ Настоящая конференция, организованная Московским государственным гуманитарным университетом им. М.А. Шолохова совместно с Русской секцией Международной академии наук, продолжает традицию встреч ученых, общественных деятелей и представителей гражданского общества, направленных на поиски ответов на глобальные вызовы современности. Экологические угрозы и их последствия занимают в этом поиске ключевую роль, ибо каса- ются судьбы каждого человека, судьбы Планеты. Вот почему экологическое измерение охватывает все новые сферы науки и практики, техники и культуры. Возникает потребность оценить любой результат деятельности, проект, замы- сел экологической мерой, с точки зрения влияния этой деятельности на природу. Угроза-соответствие – дилемма выбора оптимального решения в любом взаимодействии с окружающей природной средой. Все многообразие экологических проблем, без решения которых невозможно преодолеть системный экологи- ческий кризис, объединяется в 3 крупных блока. Прежде всего, необходимы глубокие научные знания о функционировании биосферы как вместилища жизни, понимание тех пределов, в которых возможно коэволюционное развитие системы общество-природа. Теория био- тической регуляции – фундаментальная основа, воплощение которой позволит оптимизировать деятельность человека в природе. Во-вторых, предстоит выработать новые правовые и моральные регулятивы, табу, которые не позволят (нена- роком!) превысить эти пределы. Осознание человечества единым коллективным субъектом биосферы – непре- менное условие ответственности за судьбу биосферы. Альтруизм, способность поступаться частью настоящего во имя будущего – тест на одухотворенную разумность человечества. Ответственность людей, социального перед социальным, должна быть дополнена ответственностью человека перед Природой. Новая моральная философия, экологическая этика справедливо ставит вопрос о правах Природы, возрождают идею благоговения перед жиз- нью. Наконец, эти нормы и ценности призваны откорректировать культуру, переставшую выполнять адаптивную функцию между человеком и природой, содействовать становлению экологической культуры, экологического сознания личности и общества. Трансляция ценностей экологической культуры в образовании, формирование экологической компетентности любого специалиста профессионала – условие социального прогресса. Такое структурирование всей экологической проблематики содействует интеграции усилий исследователей и практиков. На тех, кому доступно понимание сущности экологического вызова, лежит особая ответственность за правильный выбор стратегии развития, за формирование нового сознания и экологической культуры, без которых эта стратегия не может быть реализована. Нас не смущает разнообразие предметов, аспектов исследований, представленных на конференции. Они впол- не органично вписываются в предложенную структуру, утверждая принцип «единство в разнообразии». Надеемся, что настоящий сборник будет содействовать укреплению нашей решимости действовать ответствен- но согласованно и эффективно в целях сохранения жизни на Земле. Ректор Московского государственного Сопредседатель Международной конференции гуманитарного университета им. М.А.Шолохова «Экологические проблемы глобального мира», доктор политических наук В.Д.Нечаев профессор С.Н.Глазачев МЕÆДУНАРОДНАß КОНФЕРЕНЦИß «ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО МИРА» 3 ÌÀТЕÐИÀЛЫ ПЛЕÍÀÐÍОГО ЗÀÑЕДÀÍИЯ Эêîлîгèчåñêèå àñпåêòы глîбàлèñòèêè: öèвèлèзàöèîííыé пîäхîä Àíèñèìîв О.Ñ. Российская академия государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Москва, Россия Ecological Aspects of Globalistics: Civilizational Approach O.S.Anisimov Russian academy of State service, Moscow, Russia Каждый человек должен обладать потенциалом неслучайного видения угрожающих природе и обще- ству факторов. Его управляющее воздействие на природу и общество может быть правильным или нет. По мнению автора, получение специфического экологического образования позволит избавить планету от последствий некорректно принятых решений. Every man must be capacity to understand the main reasons of nature or sosieties risks. His conducting of nature or sosieties can be correct or not. On author’s opinion, only the specific ecological knowledge could help each person not to trouble our lovely planet. Глобальные проблемы перестали быть предметом размышлений только узкого круга специалистов. Вхождение в активную фазу мирового финансово-экономического кризиса лишь завершило смещение мировой мысли и самоосознавания в сторону от «локальных» аналитических усилий. Такие проблемы, как экологическая, вызвали необходимость пересмотра сложившихся стереотипов и стандартов у все более широкого круга представителей не только профессиональной, но и политической элиты, у широкой общественности. Однако инерция сложившегося механизма управления, регулирования всеми типами процессов в обществе вытесняла и продолжает вытеснять выявленные проблемы на периферию проблемного поля. Само понимание явлений экологического характера чаще всего не выходит за рамки обращенности внимания на состояние экосистемы, на факты загрязненности среды и экстремальных вредных воздействий на окружающую среду. Такое понимание сохранено в подавляющей части многообразия учебно-методических комплексов в сфере образования. В то же время достаточно сделать несколько простых для понимания переакцентировок, изменений в приложе-
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