NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden DEPUTY COMMANDER NAVAL STRIKING AND SUPPORT FORCES NATO REDUTO GOMES FREIRE ESTRADA DA MEDROSA 2780-070 OEIRAS PORTUGAL Our ref: 1700/SFNCGDCOM/150805 Tel: +351-21-440-4493 Fax: +351-21-441-4541 Date: 5 August 2015 NCN: 529 4493 TO: See Distribution INITIAL NOTIFICATION FOR THE MARITIME EXPEDITIONARY OPERATIONS CONFERENCE 2016 1. The Third Maritime Expeditionary Operations Conference (MEOC) will be held from 19 – 20 July 2016 in Lisbon, Portugal and will be preceded by an Icebreaker Social on the evening of Monday, 18 July, with a reception scheduled for the following evening, Tuesday 19 July. The conference will conclude no later than 1800 (Western European Summer Time) on Wednesday, 20 July. In advance of formal invitations, please accept this short letter as a diary marker. As this event will occur not long after the conclusion of the NATO Warsaw Summit (8 – 9 July 2016), we will have an opportunity to hold Operational level discussions on the outcomes and directions issued from Warsaw particularly regarding the maritime domain and joint operations to support the delivery of adaptation and assurance. 2. Last year’s conference key theme of “Delivering Maritime Expeditionary Power in Support of Deterrence for a Prepared NATO” helped define the future role of Maritime Expeditionary Operations and explored how they can be best delivered. Our aim during MEOC 2016 is to further develop this capability by considering the contributions Maritime Expeditionary Forces can make to the greater Alliance Adaptation effort. 3. Formal invitations and further administrative detail will be forwarded in due course. In the interim, please do not hesitate to contact the STRIKFORNATO Administrative Officer, CDR Ioannis Kakavas GRC- N via e-mail at PAN: [email protected] / NS: [email protected]; or via phone at commercial: +351-21-440-4152 / NCN: 529-4152, or the STRIKFORNATO Protocol Officer, Mrs Paula Baleira PRT CIV via e-mail at PAN: [email protected] / NS: [email protected]; or via phone at commercial: +351-21-440-4196 / NCN: 529-4106. P A McAlpine CBE Rear Admiral Deputy Commander Striking and Support Forces NATO NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden Distribution: External: Action: NATO HQ (Attn: IS, MC, IMS) OSACEUR OSACT ODSACEUR OCOS SHAPE OCOS ACT SHAPE (Attn: DCOS OPI, DCOS Plans, ACOS J7, ACOS J5/Adaptation) ACT (Attn: DCOS CAPDEV, ACOS Capability Engineering, DCOS JFT, ACOS CEI CD BH) JFCBS (Attn: COM, DCOM, DCOS OPS, DCOS Plans, POLAD) JFCNP (Attn: COM, DCOM, DCOS OPS, DCOS Plans, POLAD) AIRCOM (Attn: COM, DCOM, COS, DCOS OPS, DCOS Plans, DCOS SPT, POLAD) LANDCOM (Attn: COM, DCOM, COS, DCOS OPS, DCOS Plans, DCOS SPT, POLAD) MARCOM (Attn: COM, DCOM, COS, DCOS OPS, DCOS Plans, DCOS SPT, ACOS J5, POLAD) CCOMC COM SUBNATO COM NCIS Group COM NSHQ COM ARRC COM RRC FR COM NRDC ESP COM NRDC GRC COM NRDC ITA COM NRDC TUR COM 1(GE/NL) Corps COM EUROCORPS HQ COM FRMARFOR COM ITMARFOR COM SPMARFOR COM UKMARFOR COM MNC NE COM MND SE COM CAOC TJ COM CAOC UD COM JWC COM JFTC COM JALLC COM NSO CJOS COE (Attn: Deputy Director) COM CCD COE COM C2 COE COM CIMIC COE COM CSW COE COM JAPCC COM NMIOTC DIR Joint CBR-N Defence COE DIR DAT COE DIR NMW COE 2 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden DIR C-IED COE DIR CMRE DIR MSC COE DIR Military Medicine COE ALB NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM Albanian Naval Force) BEL NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM Belgium Navy) BGR NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Chief, Bulgarian Navy) CAN NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM JTF Atlantic and COM MARFOR Altantic) CRO NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM Croatian Navy) DEU NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to DCOM Bundeswehr Operations Command, COMNAV) DNK NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Chief, Royal Danish Naval Staff) ESP NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COMNAV, Commandant General Marines) EST NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM EDF and COM Estonian Navy) FRA NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to CMFRMARFOR, CECMED, ALFOST, CECLANT) GBR NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to RN Fleet Commander, Commandant General Royal Marines, Rear Admiral Submarines, ACOS Aviation and Carriers, COM 3 Cdo BDE RM, COM ATG, COM UKTG, CJO PJHQ, COM JFC, UK Maritime Warfare Centre) GRC NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to CINC Hellenic Fleet) ITA NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to CINC Italian Fleet, COM SILF) LAT NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM Latvian Navy) LTU NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Chief, Lithuanian Naval Staff) NLD NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Commandant Royal Netherlands Marine Corps, Director of Operational Policy/Requirements and Plans for the Defence Staff, Chief of Naval Staff) NOR NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Chief, Royal Norwegian Navy) PRT NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM Marines, COMNAV) POL NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to COM MOC-MC, DCOM Polish Navy) ROU NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Chief, Romanian Naval Staff) TUR NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to Chief of Staff, Turkish Naval Forces) USA NMR to SHAPE (Please pass to VCNO, JCS J5, DCNO/OPNAV N3/N5, COM USFFC, DCOM USFFC, Director Maritime Operations USFFC, DCOM USEUCOM, Director USEUCOM CJ6, Deputy Director of Plans and Policy for USAFRICOM, COM ESG-TWO, DCOM US SIXTH Fleet,CMC, Deputy Commandant for Plans/Policies/Operations, COM II MEF, COM 2 MEB, NAVEUR N35, COM USMC CDI, DCOM USMARFF/USMAREUR, Deputy Director ECJ-3 USEUCOM, COM USMC Cyber Command, COM USMC Forces Command, COM UEAREUR) Information: Internal: COS DCOS(OPS) DCOS(SPT) DOS All ACOS/DACOS Protocol Officer/Assistant 3 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Rel Australia, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden .
Recommended publications
  • Flotilla Admiral Georgi Penev Deputy Commander of The
    FLOTILLA ADMIRAL GEORGI PENEV DEPUTY COMMANDER OF THE BULGARIAN NAVY Flotilla Admiral Georgi Penev Penev, Bulgarian Navy is a native of Provadia, Bulgaria, and was born on 19 August 1969. In 1989, he graduated from the Secondary Polytechnic School in Provadia, Bulgaria. Flotilla Admiral Penev graduated the Bulgarian Naval Academy in Varna where he got a Master Degree of Science in Navigation (1994). He was commissioned as Navigation Officer from the Bulgarian Naval Academy on August 1994. From 1995 to 1997, he served as Anti-submarine Warfare Officer onboard of KONI class frigate BGS SMELI in Varna Naval Base. His next seagoing assignment was Executive Officer of the KONI class frigate BGS SMELI from 1997 to 2003. In 2003, Flotilla Admiral Penev was selected to attend the Rakovski National Defence Academy in Sofia, and graduated in 2005. After his graduation, Flotilla Admiral Penev was appointed as Commanding Officer of the KONI class frigate BGS SMELI from 2005 to 2007. His next appointment was as Chief of Staff of the First Patrol Frigate and Corvettes Squadron in Varna Naval Base from 2007 to 2011. In 2011, Flotilla Admiral Penev was appointed as Squadron Commander of the First Patrol Frigate and Corvettes Squadron in Varna Naval Base. In 2013, Flotilla Admiral Penev reported as a student to the Rakovski National Defence College in Sofia and graduated in 2014. In 2014, Flotilla Admiral Penev was appointed as Chief of Staff in Bulgarian Naval Base, and in 2016 he received an assignment in the Bulgarian Navy Headquarters as Chief of Staff. In 2018 he assumed his current position as a Deputy Commander of the Bulgarian Navy.
    [Show full text]
  • Naval Headquarters Islamabad Directorate of Public Relations PRESS RELEASE Tel: 20062326 Cell: 0300-8506486
    Naval Headquarters Islamabad Directorate of Public Relations PRESS RELEASE Tel: 20062326 Cell: 0300-8506486 CHIEF OF THE POLISH NAVY VISITS NAVAL HEADQUARTERS ISLAMABAD, 20 Mar 17: Rear Admiral Miroslaw Mordel, Chief of the Polish Navy visited Naval Headquarters Islamabad and called on Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Muhammad Zakaullah. The visiting dignitary is on an official visit to Pakistan on the invitation of Chief of the Naval Staff. Upon arrival at Naval Headquarters, the visiting Naval Chief was received by Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Muhammad Zakaullah. A smartly turned out contingent of Pakistan Navy clad in ceremonial dress presented him the Guard of Honour. Thereafter, Admiral Muhammad Zakaullah introduced the visiting dignitary to the Principal Staff Officers at Naval Headquarters. Later, Rear Admiral Miroslaw Mordel called on Chief of the Naval Staff in his office, where he held detailed discussions on professional matters and bilateral naval collaboration in diverse fields with his counterpart. A comprehensive brief on PN’s operational developments was also given to the visiting dignitary. The Polish Naval Chief highly appreciated the efforts of Pakistan Navy in maintaining collaborative security in Indian Ocean and beyond which is also a shared vision of global navies. The Polish Naval Chief also lauded the efforts of Pakistan Navy for hosting/organizing Multi-National Maritime Exercise AMAN-17 in February this year. Admiral Zakaullah thanked Rear Admiral Miroslaw Mordel for active participation of Polish Navy in Multinational Naval Exercise AMAN 17 to join hands for common resolve of ‘Together for Peace’. Rear Admiral Miroslaw Mordel, also called on Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee and Chief of the Air Staff during his engagements at Islamabad.
    [Show full text]
  • The Heroic Destroyer and "Lucky" Ship O.R.P. "Blyskawica"
    Transactions on the Built Environment vol 65, © 2003 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509 The heroic destroyer and "lucky" ship O.R.P. "Blyskawica" A. Komorowski & A. Wojcik Naval University of Gdynia, Poland Abstract The destroyer O.R.P. "Blyskawica" is a precious national relic, the only remaining ship that was built before World War I1 (WW2). On the 5oth Anniversary of its service under the Polish flag, it was honoured with the highest military decoration - the Gold Cross of the Virtuti Militari Medal. It has been the only such case in the whole history of the Polish Navy. Its our national hero, war-veteran and very "lucky" warship. "Blyskawica" took part in almost every important operation in Europe throughout WW2. It sailed and covered the Baltic Sea, North Sea, all the area around Great Britain, the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. During the war "Blyskawica" covered a distance of 148 thousand miles, guarded 83 convoys, carried out 108 operational patrols, participated in sinking two warships, damaged three submarines and certainly shot down four war-planes and quite probably three more. It was seriously damaged three times as a result of operational action. The crew casualties aggregated to a total of only 5 killed and 48 wounded petty officers and seamen, so it was a very "lucky" ship during WW2. In July 1947 the ship came back to Gdynia in Poland and started training activities. Having undergone rearmament and had a general overhaul, it became an anti-aircraft defence ship. In 1976 it replaced O.R.P. "Burza" as a Museum-Ship.
    [Show full text]
  • Naval Craft, Weapon and Sensor Systems
    ++ I&S NAVAL CRAFT, WEAPON AND SENSOR SYSTEMS Fr. Lürssen Werft Abstract: The article provides an inside view on trends in technology of current and future naval construction programmes as seen by Lürssen, the German shipyard for naval vessels located in Bremen, Germany. The changing operational require- ments recognised in many western European and overseas navies focus on a surface combatant such as a corvette-sized ship with advanced capabilities to meet the spe- cific demands for littoral warfare operations. Based on these new requirements the article outlines technologies in current and future designs for Corvette- and Frigate- sized ships. It includes different types of platforms together with their specific benefits and capabilities for the intended employment in littoral warfare. In addi- tion, measures to reduce the ship’s signatures for enhanced survivability are broadly discussed. With respect to adequate sea-keeping, manoeuvrability, speed and en- durance (properties) in the littoral environment, the article also expands on the de- velopment and characteristics of new propulsion systems emphasising the overall need for a high degree of automation in all system components. The discussion on modern combat system technology once again underlines the need for a modular and flexible system design with open system architecture. The highest possible level of system automation reducing the number of personnel in the CIC and en- suring immediate reaction in a threat scenario is a further topic. Full integration of all sensors and weapons coupled with proven operational software is the essential technical requirement in this context. Finally, the article comments on some eco- nomical aspects of current building philosophies touching thereby on possibilities for crew reduction, costs reduction, potential capabilities for midlife refit, and growth potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Sheet
    TACTICALL NAVY REFERENCES Internal Communication External Communication TactiCall gives you complete control and fast access to all net- TactiCall is a perfect match for Task- or coalition force operations, works on board your vessel. Be it Functional Nets including teleph- including other military arms. SOF teams, air force, marine detach- ony, public address, entertainment systems and the like or Fighting ments and even civil and NGO agencies can be important players Nets handling alarms, broadcasts and orders, weapon teams or in the operation. More often than not, this setup includes a multi- mission control. tude of different frequency bands, networks and radio equipment. TactiCall will integrate all these into one simple and easy to use TactiCall is highly flexible and scalable, it is platform independent solution that permits everybody to reach each other regardless of and will integrate seamlessly into your combat management sys- equipment and technology used. tem of choice. In other words TactiCall lets you control all internal communication on board your vessel and with features such as TactiCall will allow key features for modern day operations like red/ record and playback helps you log and later analyze your commu- black separation, multi-level security operations, global public ad- nication flows. dress and allowing government or task force commanders to com- municate directly with whoever needs to be addressed in a given situation - facilitating a much smoother and more rapid “Statement of No Objections” chain. Contact Porten
    [Show full text]
  • Key NATO and Allied Exercises in 2021
    North Atlantic Treaty Organization www.nato.int/factsheets Factsheet March 2021 Key NATO and Allied exercises in 2021 NATO Allies and partners conduct exercises to test procedures and tactics, develop best practices and identify areas for improvement. Exercises are designed to ensure that NATO forces are trained, able to operate together and ready to respond to any threat from any direction. NATO exercises vary in scope, duration and form. Live exercises can involve thousands of troops; they am to demonstrate and develop the extensive military capabilities that NATO Allies need to keep our nations safe. Computer-assisted exercises take place in a classroom and focus on procedures. In addition to military exercises, the Alliance organises civilian and political training events as well. Allies also train together in national and multi-national exercises. NATO and Allied exercises in numbers In 2020, NATO conducted 88 of the 113 NATO military exercises originally scheduled for 2020. Allies held 176 national and multinational exercises. The COVID-19 pandemic did affect the full execution of the planned NATO Exercise Programme, and some NATO exercises were modified or cancelled. For the others, sensible precautions were taken to ensure participatns’ safety. The overall impact on NATO’s exercise proramme has been limited. For 2021, a total of 95 NATO exercises are planned. According to information provided by Allies, they will conduct 220 national and multinational exercises. The exercises led by NATO and Allies this year include around 20 joint (multi-domain) exercises, 24 exercises primarily focused on the land domain, 24 exercises in the air domain, and 9 exercises focused mainly on maritime operations.
    [Show full text]
  • MARITIME Security &Defence M
    June MARITIME 2021 a7.50 Security D 14974 E &Defence MSD From the Sea and Beyond ISSN 1617-7983 • Key Developments in... • Amphibious Warfare www.maritime-security-defence.com • • Asia‘s Power Balance MITTLER • European Submarines June 2021 • Port Security REPORT NAVAL GROUP DESIGNS, BUILDS AND MAINTAINS SUBMARINES AND SURFACE SHIPS ALL AROUND THE WORLD. Leveraging this unique expertise and our proven track-record in international cooperation, we are ready to build and foster partnerships with navies, industry and knowledge partners. Sovereignty, Innovation, Operational excellence : our common future will be made of challenges, passion & engagement. POWER AT SEA WWW.NAVAL-GROUP.COM - Design : Seenk Naval Group - Crédit photo : ©Naval Group, ©Marine Nationale, © Ewan Lebourdais NAVAL_GROUP_AP_2020_dual-GB_210x297.indd 1 28/05/2021 11:49 Editorial Hard Choices in the New Cold War Era The last decade has seen many of the foundations on which post-Cold War navies were constructed start to become eroded. The victory of the United States and its Western Allies in the unfought war with the Soviet Union heralded a new era in which navies could forsake many of the demands of Photo: author preparing for high intensity warfare. Helping to ensure the security of the maritime shipping networks that continue to dominate global trade and the vast resources of emerging EEZs from asymmetric challenges arguably became many navies’ primary raison d’être. Fleets became focused on collabora- tive global stabilisation far from home and structured their assets accordingly. Perhaps the most extreme example of this trend has been the German Navy’s F125 BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG class frig- ates – hugely sophisticated and expensive ships designed to prevail only in lower threat environments.
    [Show full text]
  • NAVAL FORCES USING THORDON SEAWATER LUBRICATED PROPELLER SHAFT BEARINGS September 7, 2021
    NAVAL AND COAST GUARD REFERENCES NAVAL FORCES USING THORDON SEAWATER LUBRICATED PROPELLER SHAFT BEARINGS September 7, 2021 ZERO POLLUTION | HIGH PERFORMANCE | BEARING & SEAL SYSTEMS RECENT ORDERS Algerian National Navy 4 Patrol Vessels Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2020 Argentine Navy 3 Gowind Class Offshore Patrol Ships Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2022-2027 Royal Australian Navy 12 Arafura Class Offshore Patrol Vessels Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2021-2027 Royal Australian Navy 2 Supply Class Auxiliary Oiler Replenishment (AOR) Ships Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2020 Government of Australia 1 Research Survey Icebreaker Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2020 COMPAC SXL Seawater lubricated propeller Seawater lubricated propeller shaft shaft bearings for blue water bearings & grease free rudder bearings LEGEND 2 | THORDON Seawater Lubricated Propeller Shaft Bearings RECENT ORDERS Canadian Coast Guard 1 Fishery Research Ship Thordon SXL Bearings 2020 Canadian Navy 6 Harry DeWolf Class Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ships (AOPS) Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2020-2022 Egyptian Navy 4 MEKO A-200 Frigates Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2021-2024 French Navy 4 Bâtiments Ravitailleurs de Force (BRF) – Replenishment Vessels Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2021-2027 French Navy 1 Classe La Confiance Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2020 French Navy 1 Socarenam 53 Custom Patrol Vessel Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2019 THORDON Seawater Lubricated Propeller Shaft Bearings | 3 RECENT ORDERS German Navy 4 F125 Baden-Württemberg Class Frigates Thordon COMPAC Bearings 2019-2021 German Navy 5 K130
    [Show full text]
  • J Class Fleet Destroyer
    J CLASS FLEET DESTROYER FEATURE ARTICLE written by James Davies For KEY INFORMATION Country of Origin: Great Britain. Manufacturers: Hawthorn Leslie, John Brown, Denny, Fairfield, Swan Hunter, White, Yarrow Major Variants: J class, K class, N class, Q class, R class (new), S class (new), T class, U class, V class (new), W class (new), Z class, CA class, CH class, CO class, CR class, Weapon class Role: Fleet protection, reconnaissance, convoy escort Operated by: Royal Navy (Variants also Polish Navy, Royal Australian Navy, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Netherlands Navy, Royal Norwegian Navy) First Laid Down: 26th August 1937 Last Completed: 12th September 1939 Units: HMS Jervis, HMS Jersey, HMS Jaguar, HMS Juno, HMS Jupiter, HMS Janus, HMS Jackal, HMS Javelin Released by ww2ships.com BRITISH DESTROYERS www.WW2Ships.com FEATURE ARTICLE J Class Fleet Destroyer © James Davies Contents CONTENTS J Class Fleet Destroyer............................................................................................................1 Key Information.......................................................................................................................1 Contents.....................................................................................................................................2 Introduction...............................................................................................................................3 Development.............................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Spring 2015 Full Issue
    Naval War College Review Volume 68 Number 2 Spring Article 1 2015 Spring 2015 Full Issue The U.S. Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The U.S. (2015) "Spring 2015 Full Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 68 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol68/iss2/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Naval War College: Spring 2015 Full Issue Spring 2015 Volume 68, Number 2 Spring 2015 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2015 1 Spring2015Review_Cover-FO-B&B-2-New.indd C M Y K PMS 288 Naval War College Review, Vol. 68 [2015], No. 2, Art. 1 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Spring 2015 Volume 68, Number 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol68/iss2/1 2 6658_FrontMatter copy.indd 1 2/11/15 10:53 AM Naval War College: Spring 2015 Full Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. P. Gardner Howe III, USN Jeffrey Kline PROVOST Gale A. Mattox Dr. Lewis M. Duncan Robert A. Silano Marin Strmecki DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Dov S.
    [Show full text]
  • Issues for the US Navy in the Black Sea Region
    CRM D0000572.A2/Final June 2000 Issues for the U.S. Navy in the Black Sea Region: Country Profiles and Recommendations Russia, Turkey, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia Vladimir Lehovich • Ahmed Hashim CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE Center for Naval Analyses 4401 Ford Avenue • Alexandria, Virginia 22302-1498 Tom Hirschfeld, CNA Senior Analyst, reviewed the reports of this project. Special thanks also to Maurine Dahl- berg and Celinda Ledford for their assistance in preparing this report. Copyright CNA Corporation/Scanned October 2002 Approved for distribution: Peter M. Swartz, Director Regional Issues Team Policy Analysis Division This document represents the best opinion of CNA at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the Department of the Navy. CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE For copies of this document call: CNA Document Control and Distribution Section at 703-824-2943. Introduction......................................................................................................... 1 Background.................................................................................................. 1 Approach..................................................................................................... 1 Russia................................................................................................................... 3 Summary...................................................................................................... 3 U.S. policy goals..........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hellenic Army's Preparation for the Balkan Wars
    Hellenic Army’s preparation for the Balkan Wars; applying the joint warfare concept Dr Efpraxia S. Paschalidou The First Balkan War Two Balkan Wars took place in 1912 through 1913, the first involving an alliance of Christian states, namely Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria and Montenegro, against the Ottoman Empire. The goal of the allies was the liberation of their still enslaved Christian compatriots. The Second Balkan War involved Greece and Serbia against Bulgaria, and was the result of the latter's aggressive attitude and territorial claims against its former allies 1. The grievous outcome of the Greco-Ottoman War of 1897 followed by the Struggle for Macedonia (1904-1908) and the tensions stirred up in all matters of national importance, proved the absolute necessity for a radical transformation in Greece. A fundamental renewal of the national web and a structural change of the political scene were caused in August 1909 by the Military League, a group of junior officers claiming a revolutionary solution to the chronic problems of the state, the society and the army. Systematic efforts were introduced to reform and equip the military forces 2. The Balkan Wars constitute the first joint operation of the three branches of the Armed Forces with the rudimentary even though substantial participation of the Hellenic Air Force for the first time. The combination of the potential and the operational jointness of all the forces resulted to the achievement of the best outcome namely the liberation of the territories still under occupation and the doubling of the Hellenic territory 3. By the beginning of autumn 1912, the four Christian Balkan states, although they had not signed a common defence pact, were in solidarity and of united purpose against the Ottoman Empire.
    [Show full text]