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State Finals Spring 2020 Special thanks to our wonderful

Judges, Staff, and Volunteers!

Michigan History Day 2020 is an Educational Program of

To contact Michigan History Day: [email protected] facebook/michiganhistoryday

2 CONTENTS Special Awards 4 Youth Division Entries 5 Documentary Entries 5 Exhibit Entries 6 Paper Entries 7 Performance Entries 7 Website Entries 8 Junior Division Entries 9 Documentary Entries 9 Exhibit Entries 11 Paper Entries 14 Performance Entries 16 Website Entries 17 Senior Division Entries 20 Documentary Entries 20 Exhibit Entries 21 Paper Entries 23 Performance Entries 24 Website Entries 25 Student Sponsors 27 Judges 28

3 Special Awards The Best Entry in Michigan History Sponsored by The Meijer Foundation The Best Entry in Naval or Maritime History Sponsored by the Continental Commandery of the Naval Order of the The Best Entry in African-American History Sponsored by the Merze Tate Travel Writers The Best Entry in Use of Family History Sponsored by the Michigan Genealogical Council The Best Entry in Use of Newspapers Sponsored by the Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University The Best Entry in Use of Primary Sources Sponsored by the Michigan Archival Association The Elly Peterson Award for Michigan Women’s History Sponsored by Michigan Women Forward HERStory The James Campbell Award for Best Use of Oral History Sponsored by the Michigan Oral History Association The Sam Breck Award for Best Entry in Railroad History Sponsored by the Michigan Roundtable, Lexington Group in Transportation 4 Youth Division Individual Documentary

Solving Enigma: Alan Turing Cracks the Code Henry Chen Breaking Barriers-Ruby Bridges Kaylee Converse The Life of Frida Kahlo Jiya Singh The Great Jackie Robinson Sasha Walker

Youth Division Group Documentary

Motown: Changing the World One Hit at a Time Oliver Anderson, Hendrix Tapper, Ian Wesselhoff Sir Edmund Hillary: The Climb that Broke Many Barriers Jordynn Dolbee, Olivia Storteboom, Reese Storteboom Susan B. Anthony Sadie Dagenais, Sydney Nanna Savannah Proulx, Gianna Sayer

5 Youth Division Individual Exhibit Through the Stratosphere: Valentina Tereshkova and , the First Women in Space. Isabella Causie Madame LaFramboise-Fur Trade Pioneer Vivian Hahn Lin-Manuel Miranda: Breaking Through Barriers Lucas Montilla Breaking Barriers for Trade and Travel: The Panama Canal Calyx Pratt : Breaking Chains of Slavery Delainey Shepherd Peter the Great and the Grand Embassy Henry Wekerle

Youth Division Group Exhibit -How She Rocked the Vote Annelyse Chmiel, Gabriela Liggett, Reese Matzka, Lila Nellenbach Charlotte Kawbawgam: Breaking the Biggest Barrier: Racism Caroline Berry, Maddelynn McNamara, Layla McTiver “Train Ride” to Freedom Katie Dooley, Allison Ulanowski, Madeline Wagner 6 Lobbing the Ball to Women: Title IX Breaks Barriers in Tennis Isla Carmel Dykman, Rayanne Ellsworth, Ella Nicholson From Backyard Camp to : How Eunice Shriver Changed the World Sophie Amberg, Sylvie Graziano, Sofia Hameed Maria Pepe Julia Hoerner, Libby Hunt Operation Overlord Mickenzie Brennan-Voght, Lex Glime, Emerson Johanningsmeier

Youth Division Individual Paper

Koko the Gorilla Siddharth Srivastava Breaking Barriers Before They Were Broken: The Forgotten Case of Mendez v Westminster Robert Strong-Morse

Youth Division Individual Performance

The Girls of Summer Tori Smith Flying Solo: Gabriella Splendorio 7 Youth Division Group Performance

Breaking the Western Barriers: The Lewis and Clark Expedition Alessandra Curvelo, Maxwell Doepker, Patrick Marks, Koben Panse Anna Smith Strong-Agent 355 Karli Dechnik, Sofia Wright

Youth Division Individual Website

Christopher Columbus- The Great Explorer Shivansh Sahni The Hidden Figures Women Alexandra Stern The Political Barrier That Divides North and South Korea Xander White

Youth Division Group Website

Wallbusters Emery Blaine, Toby Harper

8 Junior Division Individual Documentary

Music Breaking Conservative Culture In South Korea Savannah Brinkmeier Elisha Otis and the Rise of the Elevator Nolan Conn Deborah Sampson Savannah Holland Breaking Barriers on the Road to Independence Parker Hosner Black Angels: Breaking Down Barriers and Fighting for the Right to be Marines Zackary Howey -Breaking Barriers Abdul-Haleem Kosgi Benjamin Franklin in the Revolutionary War Bella Mast Breaking Barriers in Medicine: The Germ Theory of Disease Pranav Mudhas The Wright Brothers: Creating Flight Through Plane Curiosity Carmine Saracina Alan Turing: The Genius Who Cracked the Enigma Code to Save Millions Jack Schwab Breaking into the Billboard Hot 100: How Motown Got Everybody “Dancing in the Street”

Laura Thielman 9 Junior Division Group Documentary

Nellie Bly Cloey Samples, Chloe Templeton-Eagle : Cracking the Medical Gender Barrier Colleen Madion, Mia Tursman : Cracking Eggs, Breaking Bariers Lauryn Daugherty, Tessa Hosier Japanese Internment: Breaking Law and Social Barriers Lauren Bestul, Amelia Chong, Felicia Jucja, Miyabi Shinki Disability Attitudes Change as Barriers Fall Away Mark McTiver, Samuel Rahilly, Joseph Vincent Breaking Buildings to Break Barriers: Eminent Domain and the Case of Berman v. Parker Nick Denenberg, Quinten Powers Harriet Tubman: A True Barrier Breaker Alexis Smith, Emma Newman-Bale Katherine Johnson: The Barrier Breaking Computer Mya Panse, Ava Storteboom Watergate Thankith Solomon Janakiraman, Eric Kim, Kaeshav Krishna Bravery Has No Barrier: The Story of the 54th Regiment Liam Hinman, Lily Pham, Julian Zolenski

10 The Transcontiental Railroad-Breaking Barriers and Connecting Mason Ray, Veer Singh The Underground Railroad Alexia Fulkersin, Emma Kuch, Madeline McMann Mister Rogers-The Unexpected Radical Steven Li, Junha Park Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) Isabella Bigelow, Isabelle Grandmaison, Owen Holman

Junior Division Individual Exhibit

The Limping Lady: How Broke Barriers to Become WWII’s Most Dangerous Spy Georgia Edmonds Rising to New Heights Owen Feldpausch Breaking Barriers of Roads: Moving Men and Materials Kaysen Hamilton Elizebeth Friedman: Code Breaker Alice Harn First Effective Polio Shot Danielle Jackson WASP: Female Flyers Breaking Barriers in Aviation Evan Johnson 11 First Muslim Women To Compete In The 2016 Summer Olympics While Wearing A Hijab Rajvinder Kaur Catch Mosquitoes, Not Malaria: Ronald Ross and the Life Cycle of the Malaria Parasite Alden King Ruby Bridges and the Inconceivable Desegregation of American Schools Atika Mertiri And the Wall Came Tumbling Down... Elle Moran Elizabeth Blackwell Kelsey Raymond Transcontinental Railroad: The Beneficial Disaster Lukas Reimers William Lloyd Garrison: Abolition Through Literature Drew Riecke Battle Breaks Barriers and Brings New Opportunities for the American People Emma Salvaggio Conquering the St. Marys Falls: The Soo Locks Madeleine Shaner Tuskegee Airmen Austin Stehouwer

12 Junior Division Group Exhibit

Berry Gordy—Ain’t No Mountain High Enough Madison Bushon, Nicolas Durnell, Katelyn Frazier, Aneko Nichol Marie Curie: Breaking Scientific Barriers Gianna D’Ambrosio, Belle Egle, Lola Rosol Pioneering the Prevention of Polio: Breaking Barriers of Modern Medicine Lanie Shrum, Kirk Wohfield Exploring Merze Tate: Breaking Barriers Around the World Sasha Hollins, Alayna Kuhn, Nya Kuhn, Aliah Ward Marryna Allen, Rania Alshaikh, Elizabeth Fall Ruth Elder: Breaking Gender Barriers in Aviation Abigail Cobb, Madelyn Usher James Hanger’s Effect on Prosthetic History Maren Barfuss, Virginia Weykamp Sarah Emma Edmonds-Warrior in Disguise Olive Clayton, Mae Evans, Nuala McCauley “Not Even God Can Sink Her” Lincoln Cote, Cameron Garchow, Andrew Jones, Orion Moya Mister Rogers Neighborhood: Breaking Barriers One Episode At a Time Rachel Waybrant The Immortal Life of 1951-1973 Amir Kouar, Anas Kouar 13 The Life of Ashley Geyer, Rae Robbins Jazz in the Harlem Renaissance: Breaking Barriers Through Melodies Reese Bower, Rishika Kokkula, Katie Worden The Cotton Engine: Barrier Breaking Machine That Caused Back Breaking Labor David Francis, Cooper Jacobsen The Pony Express: First Efficient Mail Service Natalie Bourdo, Ivy Coe Faster than Sound: Breaking the Sound Barrier Liebbe Martinez, Henry Mulder Apollo 11 Olivia Kozielski, Isabelle Tribfelner Deaf Breakthroughs Holly Byrd, Madison Postma Helen Keller Mary Gardai, Breanne Grzegorczyk

Junior Division Individual Paper

Minuteman Road to Peace: Breaking Barriers to Avoid Conflict Jason Dingemans Loving v. Virginia: Breaking Racial Barriers on Marriage Alaina Gipson

14 Katherine Johnson and the Many Challenges Faced and Conquered Christopher Grove The Reason Why the Modern American Should Respect the Legacy and Crusade of Ida B. Wells Michael Hong The Declaration of Independence Michael Lamb Changing the Face of Disabilities: Bay Cliff Health Camp David Palmer Mary Walker: Crossing Barriers for Women and Medicine Audrey Parker Freedom Won on Sea; Opposition Found on Land Elizabeth Phillips Craig Popiolek Susan B. Anthony’s Illegal Vote: Breaking the Barrier of the Law Lucy Poppleton Roe vs. Wade Skyla Riopelle The Battle of Verdun and the Barriers that it Broke Carson Stone The Little Rock Nine-Breaking Barriers in Segregation Kendra Stone The Girls Were the Right Pick: Crafting Guitars and Breaking Barriers McLevy Strong-Morse

15 Junior Division Individual Performance

Lakshmibai-Jhansi Ki Rani (Queen of Jhansi) Ishwari Bhatt Behind the Nine: Daisy Bates and the Abolition of Segregated Schooling Kylee Foster Behind the Scenes with Margaret Hamilton Erica Hewitt Higher, Further, Faster: Jackie Cochran Takes Aviation to New Heights for Women Megan LeaTrea The Closet Door to War Sandra McFarland The Cello Suites: Barriers Broken in One Line Polyphony Braden Miesse Ancient Greek Democracy Julia Riopelle

Junior Division Group Performance

The 1960s: The Decade that Broke Barriers Yostena Akladyous, Remi Flanz, Emma Maurin, Marik Muskovin, Kamryn Peppers-McCoy 16 The Manhattan Project: Atomically Breaking Barriers Elliott Anderson, Roan Borton, Andrew Curvelo, Peter Drelles, Violet Kaplan-Neumann The Women Who Broke Barriers at NASA Meg Barnum, Piper Morrison Crunching Numbers and Breaking Barriers: The NASA Women Hidden Behind the Figures Erin Bos, Addison Dekoning, Charlotte Knox, Pirsein Women’s Suffrage: Procession of Equality Lila Baliunas, Hannah Hysell, Josephine Marsh, Mary Riley The Revolution Weekly Newspaper: Changing the Face of Women’s Rights One Word at a Time Isabel Seymour, Ava Shotwell

Junior Division Individual Website

Breaking Gender Barriers: A History of Women​​​​​​​ In Orchestras Kalan Ashby-Wade Henry Ford-Breaking Barriers in Automotive Innovation Gracie Barber Marie Curie: Breaking Barriers in History Juliana Calhoun Making Space: The Mercury 13 Launch a New Future for Women Amelia Chen The Unsung Medical Civil War Hero Sophia Clark 17 On Track to Break Barriers: The Transcontinental Railroad’s Economic Impact Reese Cummins The Transcontinental Railroad Matthew Dowling Harriet Tubman: Hero of the Underground Railroad Aleksandar Erdelean Orphans Preferred: How the Pony Express Broke Communication Barriers Gabriel Feffer Tucker: Driving Through Roadblocks Ian Finfrock Environmental Movement Keira Greene Amelia Earhart: The Aviator Who Helped Shape the Future Arianna Groke Rome: The Age of Conquest and Warfare Samuel King Virginia Hall-The Most Feared Spy In WWII Ava King -Changing a Culture Chloe Nellenbach The Whiskey Rebellion and the Taxation Barrier Jackson Price The Mechanical Reaper Revolution-Breaking Barriers in the Way We Harvest Grain Forever Rand Ripple

18 : Overcoming the Odds Raghav Sivakumar The U.S & The Korean War-The Fight Against Communism Makaila Thomas Belles of the Ballgame: Michigan Women in Baseball Kiersten West Weathering the Storm: Breaking Barriers to Study Tornadoes Blaze White

Junior Division Group Website

Code Name: Manhattan Project Sophia Lin, Katrina Luzadas The Invention of the Lightbulb, and Its Impact on Society Evan Brinkmeier, Cole Neely, Trevor Whittaker The Mackinac Bridge Rebbecca Haner, Ashley Henn The 1969 Moon Landing Ezra Ambs, Rohit Bobba, Sam Gagie, Rowan McKinley, Leah Smith : Breaking Barriers on the Path to Equality Zoe Jiang, Samantha Zelenock-Grove High-Speed Railroads: Speeding Their Way Into The Future Jackson Galsterer, Aaron Teng

19 Harriet Tubman Manahil Imran, Emily Kim We Did It: The​​​​​​​ Change of Gender Roles in the Workforce During World War Two Rebecca Austin, Abhigna Koka Amelia Earhart: Airborne Feminist Zoe Boniface, Cora Grissom, Emma Hulst, Kalyna Pyk, Thy Tran Making Positive Change Through Sports: ​​The Paralympic Games Breaking Barriers Harrison Kooyer, Abby Van Ingen Pistons and Pennies: Breaking the Barrier of Economic Independence in America Caden Kowal, Conner Tabaczka and the Draft Michael Piraino, Gautham Veettil The Ways of the Naqada Soraya Walker, Natalie Witbrodt

Senior Division Individual Documentary

Breaking Out the Hospital; Dr. Frank Pantridge Takes the Emergency Room to the Streets of Belfast and Beyond Ella Johnson Motown: The Tempo Behind the Change Tabitha Newberry 20 Senior Division Group Documentary

Nicole Malachowski: An Unscripted Life Avery Daugherty, Jessica Ford Come Together: How the Beatles Tore a Hole in the Iron Curtain Kieran Cook, Griffin Lownds, William Szegda Redefining Spies While Forming America Alana Nadolski, Georgia Sheldon, Lilly Wright The Stock Market of Things: How a Shoe Reseller Reimagined Retail Heather Chen, Michael Chen, Zoey Lanesky, Souren Moradi, Maximilian Schenke Ching Shih, Leader of Pirates Olivia Batho, Maisie Buhro, Maya Vonderau Against All Odds: The Story of Israel Steven Jarson, Chester Surles, Chucks Uwaje

Senior Division Individual Exhibit

Company K: The Best Shots Parker Bosel A Crack in the WASP Nest: Women’s attempt at Breaking the Flying Barrier Isabella Dacoba

21 The Tuskegee Airmen Elijah Fenstermaker Heroes Aren’t Born, They’re Made: How Stan Lee Broke Barriers Taylor Frazier Father Marquette: Spreading Faith Where Obstacles Abound Zachary Hogue Anna Hilback’s Barrier to US Citizenship Connor Method Sabotage and Subversion: Churchill’s Secret Army Sets Europe Ablaze Emily Olsson : A Political Gamechanger Katherine Rodabaugh The Electroencephalogram: The invention that Changed Lives Forever Mikenna Suits Brownie Seals the Deal: Tupperware Parties Break Economic Barriers for Women Allison Tate

Senior Division Group Exhibit

Out of the Closet and Into Congress Ayesha Ahmed, Catherine Recknagel, Lily Ruden The Flint Sit-Down Strike: Breaking Bargaining Barriers Faith Aloia, Vanessa Ellis, Alisha Gentz, Francesca Palazzolo

22 Breaking Barriers with the Berlin Wall Siona Beaudoin, Fenwood Tolonen From Bicycles and Birdwatching to Changing the World-the Wright Brothers: Breaking the Barrier of Flight Myles Daugherty, Nic Sheppard No Longer in the Shadows: Traverse City State Hospital Breaks Mental Health Barriers Kya Mahoney, Madison Wegner Sally Ride’s Mission to Space Mackenzi Chappel, Ellie Sowinski, Haley Thayer Little Rock Nine Jenna Ciesla, Aubrey Garcia, Molly Pitcher, Katie VanWormer

Senior Division Individual Paper

From the Battlefield to the New Atomic Age Ethan Hoornstra The Gutting of Dillan Lau Beth Light Phillis Wheatley: Poet & Symbol Eva Niederhofer

23 Patriots or Insurgents? It’s a Matter of Perspectives: Ho Chi Minh and George Washington Quynh Anh Phan Socrates the Suicide: Death and the Philosopher Francesca Rahe Curtain of Red Isabella Rezanka The Writer Who Destroyed an Empire: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Nathan Sattory : Breaking the Definition of and Overturning Oppression Garrett Smith Breaking Barriers in History: The Breakthrough of the Revolutionary War Brandon Terry

Senior Division Individual Performance

Margaret Sanger-Breaking Barriers and Shaking Beliefs on Reproductive Choices Kendra Burrows Cracking the Bamboo Ceiling: Anna May Wong Increases Representation of Asian-Americans in Media Alison Chen Copper Strike of 1913 Serenity Snyder 24 Ida Lewis: Braving the Waters of Newport Emma Wilson

Senior Division Group Performance

Breaking Barriers Towards Fair Labor: General Motors and the Flint Sit-Down Strike Shannon McMenamin, Nolan Pieprzyk Martha Mitchell: The Woman Who Redefined Watergate Wade Lockwood, Lenna Peterson, Karina Yang, Andrew Zupancic

Senior Division Individual Website

Amelia Earhart: Her Mission Beyond Aviation Caroline Beckrow Beyond the Barricade: Louise Michel, the Paris Commune, and the Kanak Revolt of 1878 Maria Cheriyan The Barrier That Couldn’t Be Broken: The Navajo Code Mercedes Cross Women of Color Take Broadway Abigail Gusway 25 Senior Division Group Website

The 19th Amendment Ashley Barker, Kayla Bartell Marvel Comics Mya Gledhill, Jack Kozielski, Payge Wirtz The Erie Canal Tong Sing Wu, Joseph Young The Mustache Movement: Youth Activism in Grand Rapids Kyle Korte, Claire Parish

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26 Thank You, Student Sponsors! Cynthia Andrews Joe Meyers Kimberly Badenski Frankee Milkowski Matthew Beattie Kehlood Moflehi John Beck Heather-Marie Montilla Chris Bird Tabitha Newberry Marvin Bolthouse Russell Norris Ian Brown Derek Orme Cheri Carroll Danielle Ozanich Kris Casko Zeb Perrin Jim Cross Kathryn Phillips Melanie Crow Andrea Pratt Maria Dacoba Michael Rhode Lynn D’Angelo Mike Roberts Shelle DeVries Michael Rohde Adam Doud Jennifer Saaranen Deborah Dubois Cynthia Schneider Courtney Dugan Julie Sheppard David Fleming Brett Sidle Tina Frazier Michelle Slaviero Tara Fugate Anise Strong Dr. Sandra Gagie Sharon Sullivan Sonya Hollins Abby Tanner Ginger Hysell Mike Tester Chuck Jager Megan Trost Jan Klco Donna Vincent Frank Leone Sarah Weaver Michael Livengood Cheryl Wesselhoff Jody Mackey Kelley Whaley Andrew MacTavish Marci Wiesemes David Mason Amanda Willmert Brent McCall Craig Windt Jessica McCauley 27 Thank You, Judges! A.C. Alrey Amy Catanzaro Josh Gustafson Stephanie Anthony Robert Cayia Kenneth Hafeli John Bacal Cary Church David Hales Kathleen Barker Joe CIaldella Ginnie Harder Patricia Barone Mark Comfort Deborah Harmon Paul Barrow Stacey Comfort Duane Harris Jared Becker Tim Constant Alyssa Hartley Paul Bielawski Kent Copeman Claire Herhold Donald P. Bilger Tiffanie Cross Joseph Hines Kathleen Bilger Aaron Dougherty Mark Jenkins Mark Bilger Courtney Dugan Chelsea Johnson Michael Bilger Faye Ebach Hannah Keller Thomas Blackstone Dennis Emery Larry Kezele Andrea Blaser Carrie Euler Cheryl King Bree Boettner Connie Firestine Tammy-Lee Knopp Michael Brady Suzanne Fischer Paula Kopka Pamela Brady Rebecca Folsom Lance Lewis Lisa Craig Brisson Dan Rita Lockridge Christine M Brown Tara Fugate Trico Lutkins Leah Buhagiar Theresa Girard Kala Luzia Julie Bunke Jim Goodspeed Evelyn Lyzenga Mary Burleson Roy Green Norman Lyzenga Sharon Carlson Sara Gross Jo Macek

28 Carole Maida Tricia Rogers Tobi Voigt Kathy Makas Hillary Rose Trina Vonderau Jay Martin Paul Scheidler Gary Vosburg Andie Millerov Wendy Schrag Deb Wagenaar Leslie Mio Bradley Scott Kurt Wanamaker Gisele Monson Austin Setter Laura Wanamaker Eleonor Moore Annette Shutty Matthew Warren Stacey Moore Kate Silbert Brittany Wesner Tynan Moore Michelle Slaviero Kermit Wies Richard Morris Sandra Spiering Sook Wilkinson Bill Murphy Michael Squires Todd Wilkinson Kirsten Neal Erin Stahl Donald Williams Elizabeth Niedbala Jennifer Stajdl Shirley Nowakowski Sandra Standish Andrea Ozanich Monica Stokes Natalie Pantelis Timothy Streasick Tammy Partridge Mike Swift Hillary Pine Shelley Swift Suzanne Pixley Beth Sylak Raechel Portelli Cheri Szcodronski Emily Powell Howard Taylor Rachel Reaume Matthew Thick Jillian Reese Keith Thomas Kaye Reimers Kelly Thompson Justin Reimink Chris Tolen

29 The Historical Society of Michigan proudly presents

The Historical Society of Michigan would like to thank the following organizations for providing generous support to operate Michigan History Day:

SPONSORED BY

Sally Adler | Wilbur and Ruth Wright Charitable Fund | Holland Area Historical Society