BULLETIN of the FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Biological Sciences Volume 23 1978 Number 1 TYPE CATALOGUE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN CYPRINID FISH GENUS NOTROPIS CARTER R. GILBERT & Z 9 55 A S & . S f I ; I . /8 I I 9 & 1 E ' I E - 1 .- 2 ; 4 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, are published at irregular intervals. Volumes contain about 300 pages and are not necessarily completed in any one calendar year. OLIVER L. AUSTIN , Jr., Editor RHODA J. RYBAK, Managing Editor Consultants for this issue: ROBERT E. JENKINS ROBERT RUSH MILLER Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publications and all manuscripts should be addressed to: Managing Editor, Bulletin; Florida State Museum; University of Florida; Gainesville, Florida 32611. This public document was promulgated at an annual cost of $4,866.02 or $4.866 per copy. It makes available to libraries, scholars, and all in- terested persons the results of researches in the natural sciences, empha- sizing the circum-Caribbean region. Publication date: June 23, 1978 Price: $5.00 TYPE CATALOGUE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN CYPRINID FISH GENUS NOTROPIS CARTER R. GILBERT' SYNopsis: A type catalogue is presented for the North American cyprinid fish genus Notropis. This genus, as presently constituted, is the largest of any group of North American fishes, com- prising 131 valid described species and subspecies (119 and 12, respectively, of which one of the species is a fossil), and at least a dozen forms that are still undescribed. In addition, seven described species presently included in the genus Hybopsis may ultimately be transferred to Notropis, A total of 304 different names are available for the 138 valid described forms. All nominal forms are listed alphabetically by species or subspecies name. The following data appear under each separate heading: (1) original genus and species combination, together with describer and year of description; (2) abbreviated citation of original description; (3) type locality; (4) catalogue number(s) of holotype, lectotype, neotype, or syntypes, together with numbers of specimens, range in standard length in mm, and name of collector and date of col- lection, if known; (5) catalogue number(s) of paratypes, number of specimens in each series, and an indication of which are paratopotypes; (6) remarks concerning the type (counts and con- dition), nomenclatural history of the taxon, and definitive references; (7) exact date of original description if known, or, if not known, the most accurate date determinable; and (8) present status of the taxon. In addition to the above list, the following supplementary lists are included: (1) a generic synonymy; (2) presently recognized species of Notropis, with their included subspecies (if any) and junior and senior synonyms (if any); (3) species presently referred to the genus Hybopsis, but whose affinities are with Notropis and in which genus they may eventually be placed; (4) nominal species of Notropis that are based on hybrids, one or both parents of which belong to that genus; (5) nominal species of Notropis that are based on hybrids, both parents of which belong to other genera; (6) nomina nuda with their identifications; and (7) species that were originally described in Notropis, but which are now referred to another genus. Also, the genus is defined and a brief discussion of the nomenclatural history of the group is presented, which includes a comparison of the numbers of forms described during each decade. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..... ...... 2 DEFINITION OF GENUS Notropis. 11 TAXONOMIC HISTORY OF GENUS Notropis. 12 GENERIC SYNONYMY 15 STATUS OF GENUS Notropis. 16 GENERA THAT MAY ULTIMATELY BE INCLUDED IN Notropis 17 TAxONOMIC LisTs. 17 'The author is Associate Curator in lehthyology at.the Florida State Museum and Associate Professor in the Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. GILBERT, CARTER R. 1978. Type Catalogue of the North American Cyprinid Fish Genus Notropis Bull . Florida State Mus., Biol. Sci. 23( 1 ): 1 - 104. 2 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol. 23, No. 1 VALID FORMS OF Notropis, INCLUDING SYNONYMS . 17 VALID FORMS OF Hybopsis, INCLUDING SYNONYMS 21 NOMINAL FORMS OF Notropis BASED ON HYBRIDS OF THE GENUS 21 NOMINAL FORMS OF Notropis BASED ON HYBRIDS OF OTHER GENERA.. 22 Nomina nu€la of Notropis .... 22 NOMINAL FORMS OF Notropb Now R~FERRED TO OrHER GENERA 22 ACCOUNTS OF FORMS REFERRED TO Notropis.. 22 ACCOUNTS OF FoRMS REFERRED TO Hgbopsis 90 LITERATURE CITED.. 93 INTRODUCTION In any systematic study, considerable time and effort is expended in 10- eating and examining type material and in determining to which species the many nominal forms refer. This task can be greatly alleviated by previously published compilations of type material. Such catalogues exist, in published form, for only five major North American fish collections: the Field Museum of Natural History (Grey 1947), the Illinois Natural History Survey (Smith and Bridges 1960), the National Museum of Canada (McAllister 1965), Tulane University (Suttkus 1970), and the Florida State Museum (Gilbert 1974). In addition, Henn (1928) and B6hlke (1953) published fish-type catalogues for the Carnegie Museum and Stanford University, respectively. The Carnegie Museum's fish collection was sold to the Field Museum of Natural History in june, 1951 (Loren P. Woods, in litt.), and the Stanford University holdings were recently incorporated into the collection of the California Academy of Sciences; Henn's and B6hlke's papers thus become partial catalogues for the Field Museum and California Academy collections. Of equal value are type catalogues dealing with specific groups of fishes, which draw together such information as primary synonymies for the different species, extant type ma- terial and its disposition, composition of syntypic series, and pertinent infor- mation on the types themselves. So far, the only compilation of this kind for any group of North American fishes (freshwater or marine) is that by Collette and Knapp (1967) for the darters (family Percidae). In no other group of North American freshwater fishes is the need for such a catalogue more acute than for the Cyprinidae. Many species in this family, particularly those of the east- ern genus Notropis, are very similar morphologically, and this, together with the large number of taxa, has resulted in considerable confusion regarding the identity of many nominal forms. Several species have been described as new a number of times. For example, two of the most common and widespread species, Notropis comutus (Mitchill 1817) and Notropis lutrensis (Baird and Girard 1853), have totals of 14 and 25 junior synonyms, respectively, although at least four of the latter are considered to be valid subspecies (Contreras 1975). Over 625 specific and subspecific names exist for the nearly 300 valid described forms of North American Cyprinidae (another 20 to 25 forms re- 1978 GILBERT: NOTROPIS TYPE CATALOGUE 3 main to be described), of which 295 apply to the 131 valid described species and subspecies presently included in the genus Notropis. Further complicating the picture is the fact that many North American cyprinids are known to hy- bridize, and some of these hybrid combinations have been described as new species. The present catalogue of the cyprinid genus Notropis was compiled in order to answer some of the above needs. Hopefully, this will stimulate the publication of other such catalogues, so that eventually all genera of North American Cyprinidae, and perhaps other families as well, will be so treated. With few exceptions the type of information presented is identical to that given by Collette and Knapp (1967) for the Percidae. I have attempted to ex- amine, or at least to verify, the location of extant type material (holotypes, lectotypes, neotypes, syntypes, lectoparatypes, and paratypes) of all nominal forms of Notropis, but some lots have doubtless escaped detection, either be- cause of inadequate labeling or because the series were misplaced on the shelves (i.e. mixed with nontype material). For inadequately labeled lots, value judgments must necessarily be made as to whether or not the specimens should be considered types, this based on agreement of data on the label and/ or elsewhere in the jar with that included in the original description. As might be anticipated, problems of this sort occur most frequently in the older col- lections, with the United States National Museum of Natural History being , particularly prominent in this regard. Listing of all nominal forms is done alphabetically by species or subspecies name. This arrangement, which is somewhat different from that of Collette and Knapp (1967), was done to facilitate the finding of species names in the catalogue. The following data appear under each separate heading: (1) origi- nal genus and species combination, together with describer and year of de- scription; (2) abbreviated citation of original description; (3) type locality; (4) catalogue number(s) of holotype, lectotype, neotype, or syntypes, together with numbers of specimens, range in standard length in mm, and name of col- lector and date of collection, if known; (5) catalogue number(s) of paratypes, number of specimens in each series, and an indication of which are paratopo- types; (6) remarks concerning the types (counts and condition), nomencla- tural history of the taxon and definitive references; (7) exact date of original description if known, or, if not known, the most accurate date determinable; and (8) present status of the taxon. In addition to the above list, the following supplementary lists are in- cluded: ( 1) a generic synonymy; (2) presently recognized species of Notropis, with their included subspecies (if any) and junior and senior synonyms (if any); (3) species presently referred to the genus Hybopsis, but whose affinities are with Notropis and in which genus they may eventually be placed; (4) nominal species of Notropis that are based on hybrids, one or both parents of which be- long to that genus; (5) nominal species of Notropis that are based on hybrids, 4 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Vol.