DOCSLIB.ORG

La Gestion Informatisée De Corpus Bibliographiques Adaptation Des Normes Et Formats Documentaires

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
La Gestion Informatisée De Corpus Bibliographiques Adaptation Des Normes Et Formats Documentaires OUTILS La gestion informatisée de corpus bibliographiques Adaptation des normes et formats documentaires 'interrogation de plusieurs banques de données (BDD) documentaires est une nécessité L dans la constitution d'une bibliographie exhaustive sur un sujet pluridisciplinaire (14). Or, si la consultation de sources d'information variées, tant sur le plan géographique que thématique, garantit une meilleure couverture du sujet, elle pose néanmoins trois problèmes majeurs : l'hétérogénéité des formats de présentation ; la variabilité du vocabulaire d’indexation utilisé ; et la redondance de l'information due à la présence de références identiques. L'utilisation d'un corpus documen- huit BDD sur cédérom.Trois provien- taire par des chercheurs à des fins nent du domaine biomédical :Medline d'édition de références bibliogra- et Biosis (États-Unis), EMBase (Pays- phiques et d'analyse bibliométrique Bas).Trois autres sont spécialisées en de leur domaine de recherche doit sécurité et hygiène au travail : Samuel Jolibois donc être précédée d'une phase de IOSHTIC (États-Unis), Cisilo (Suisse), INRS* normalisation de la structure des INRS-B (France). Une BDD est spécia- [email protected] notices ;d'une phase de normalisation lisée en psychologie, PsycLIT (États- du contenu des champs ; d'une phase Unis), et une autre est pluridiscipli- Emmanuel Nauer de dédoublonnage des notices. naire, Pascal (France). Les équations LORIA** À chaque étape du traitement de recherche ont été adaptées à cha- s'opèrent des choix qui peuvent être cune des bases interrogées, en raison Dominique Chouanière fondés sur des normes documen- de la diversité de leurs langages d'in- Marc Mouzé-Amad taires. Nous nous proposons ici de dexation respectifs. Au total, 27 000 Françoise Grandjean passer en revue les diverses normes notices bibliographiques ont ainsi été INRS existantes et d'en étudier leur adapta- rassemblées. tion à la gestion informatisée d'un cor- Nous avons développé une appli- Jacques Ducloy pus, alimenté et consulté par les cher- cation spécifique, dénommée LORIA cheurs eux-mêmes. Seront exposées WebStress, qui permet le reformatage les solutions retenues dans le cadre de des données et le dédoublonnage des l'élaboration d'une base documen- notices, d’une part ; l’exploration * INRS : Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy. taire sur le stress professionnel à hypertextuelle de la base documen- ** LORIA : Laboratoire lorrain de recherche en l'INRS (Institut national de recherche taire dans une interface Web, d’autre informatique et ses applications, Vandœuvre-lès- Nancy. et de sécurité). Nous avons interrogé part (30). BBF 2000 98 Paris, t. 45, n° 1 Adaptation des normes et formats documentaires Normalisation – la création de nouveaux champs, Associations and Institutions), est une de la structure des notices absents de certaines bases (le champ norme internationale (18), dont déri- Type de publication est absent de vent toutes les règles de catalogage Chaque base dispose d'une struc- NIOSHTIC par exemple) ; existantes de portée nationale :normes ture spécifique, constituée d'un – la normalisation des intitulés des américaines (ANSI), françaises nombre variable de champs. Ainsi, champs retenus (Auteurs, Titre, (AFNOR), etc. Cette norme de descrip- sur les huit BDD interrogées, nous Descripteurs, etc.) ; tion bibliographique prescrit égale- avons recensé un total de 197 ment la présentation des notices, y champs, ce qui fait une moyenne de Normes de description compris la ponctuation. 24 champs par base. Si certains sont bibliographique L'ISBD se décline en autant de communs à toutes les bases (Auteurs, normes spécifiques que de types de Titre, Date de publication, etc.), Il existe deux types de normes de documents à décrire : monographies d'autres sont spécifiques à une ou description bibliographique : les (ISBD-M), périodiques (ISBD-S), docu- deux bases seulement (les Tags1 par normes de catalogage et les normes ments électroniques (ISBD-ER),etc.Elle exemple, sont uniquement proposés éditoriales. Les premières sont très comprend toutefois une structure par Medline, EMBase et PsycLIT). utilisées dans les grands centres générale en sept zones3, qui vaut pour D'autres enfin apparaissent sous des tous les documents, dont les trois formes différentes selon qu'ils sont premières seulement sont obligatoires : fusionnés ou non. À titre d'exemple, – Zone 1. Titre et mention de res- le Titre du périodique, le Volume, le Pour uniformiser ponsabilité (titre original, titre tra- Fascicule et la Pagination apparais- les données duit, auteur, affiliation de l'auteur) ; sent dans Medline PubMed dans un – Zone 2. Édition (1re édition, 2e édi- unique champ Source. provenant tion...) ; Pour uniformiser les données pro- de différentes bases, – Zone 4. Adresse bibliographique venant de différentes bases, il est (lieu de publication,éditeur,année de donc nécessaire de définir une struc- il est nécessaire publication) pour les monographies ; ture respectant les normes documen- Numérotation (volume, fascicule, taires en vigueur, ce qui suppose : de définir numéro) pour les publications en – la suppression des champs jugés une structure série ; non pertinents par rapport aux – Zone 5. Collation (format du docu- besoins des utilisateurs (Numéros de respectant ment, pagination, bibliographie, illus- contrôle, Date d'entrée et de mise à les normes tration...) ; jour dans la base originale, CODEN2, – Zone 6. Collection (titre et numéro Cote, Langue du résumé, Public documentaires dans la collection) ; cible, etc.) ; – Zone 7. Notes (notes sur les – l'éclatement de certains champs en vigueur diverses parutions du document (Source en : Titre de périodique, [reprint], les langues utilisées, etc.) ; Volume, Fascicule, Pagination, Lieu – Zone 8. ISBN, reliure et prix de publication, Éditeur, Date de documentaires (bibliothèques uni- (monographies) ; ISSN, titre clé et publication, etc. ; Titre en : Titre versitaires, par exemple) et nécessi- prix (publications en série). original et Titre traduit) ; tent de fortes compétences en cata- Les AACR2 (Anglo-American – la fusion de certains champs logage. Les secondes sont moins Cataloguing Rules 2nd ed.),parues en (Descripteurs principaux et complètes, mais plus simples à utili- 1978 et révisées en 1988 (3), incor- Descripteurs secondaires, etc.) ; ser ; elles sont donc adaptées à la porent les règles de l'ISBD, tout en documentation des chercheurs ou conservant leurs spécificités et en des petits centres d'information. intégrant les besoins nouveaux, nés 1. Les tags sont des descripteurs génériques qui de l'informatisation des biblio- renseignent sur le type de population (mâle, Normes de catalogage thèques.Elles ont une portée interna- femelle, animal...) ou la tranche d'âge (enfant, adulte...) concernée, le type de publication (étude de cas, étude de suivi...), l'aire L'ISBD-G (General International géographique... Standard Bibliographic Description), 3. La zone 3 n'est pas attribuée pour les 2. Le CODEN est un code alphanumérique monographies, mais peut être utilisée pour les d'identification des périodiques, qui tend à développée en 1975 par l'IFLA autres types de documents (cartes et plans par disparaître au profit de l'ISSN. (International Federation of Library exemple). 99 BBF 2000 Paris, t. 45, n° 1 OUTILS tionale et ont été traduites et adap- grandes lignes les recommandations données bibliographiques informati- tées en plusieurs langues,notamment de l'Index Medicus (42), qui est l'édi- sées. Le format MARC original a été le français et l'espagnol. tion papier de la base bibliogra- développé par la Library of Congress phique Medline, produite par la NLM en 1966 (33), tandis que la British Normalisation éditoriale (National Library of Medicine). Les Library travaillait parallèlement à autorités (auteurs, descripteurs, titres l'établissement de son propre format La norme internationale ISO 690 de périodiques) doivent notamment MARC. Ce sont donc deux versions (21) définit la présentation des réfé- être identiques à celles de l'Index qui ont vu le jour : USMARC et rences bibliographiques4. Elle ne Medicus. UKMARC. reprend que les éléments les plus Après trente années d'existence, importants de la notice bibliogra- Formats d'échange de données MARC est le format de codage des phique de l'ISBD puisqu'elle n'est pas données bibliographiques le plus destinée aux bibliothécaires, mais Une fois définie la structure de la utilisé en documentation. Il fait l'ob- aux chercheurs et rédacteurs de notice bibliographique se pose le jet d'une norme internationale bibliographies. problème de sa représentation infor- établie en 1973, révisée en 1996, L'ISO 690 décrit des champs obli- matique. Il existe plusieurs formats [ISO 2709] (24),mais a subi des adap- gatoires (Auteurs, Titre, Année de tations nationales, à tel point que publication, etc.) et facultatifs l'on compte aujourd'hui une cinquan- (Pagination, Collection, Notes, etc.), taine de formats MARC spécifiques7, mais laisse une certaine liberté au MARC utilisés dans plus de soixante pays niveau de la présentation des élé- est un format (9). ments bibliographiques retenus. Un format d'uniformisation, Il faut alors appliquer les normes normalisé, l'UNIMARC8, a vu le jour en 1972, éditoriales reconnues à l'intérieur de destiné fondé sur des normes internationale- sa discipline5 : Chicago Style (his- ment reconnues : l'ISO 2709 (24) toire), MLA Style (Modern Language à la gestion déjà citée, l'ISO 3166 (25) (codes de Association, arts et lettres),APA Style
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Europe Co P Er Anu Ctu Ers Associ On
    EUROPE CO P ER ANU CTU ERS ASSOCI ON l June 1986 Free copies of this document are available from EC:\lA, European Computer :\Iannfadnrers Association I H Rue dn Hhi'me 1201 Geneva (Switzerland) BRIEF HISTORY The first version of the language BASIC, acronym for Beginner 1 s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, was produced in June 1965 at the Dartmouth Col lege in the USA. In January 1978, ECMA published a Standard for Minimal BASIC, ECMA-55, prepared in coopera­ tion with ANSI X3J2 and fully compatible with the corresponding ANSI standard . This Stan­ dard ECMA-55 served as a basis for the ISO Standard on Minimal BASIC. With the continuation of the work, a draft Standard for full BASIC was agreed by ANSI X3J2 , EWICS TC2 and ECMA/TC21 in January 1985 . This draft is composed of a mandatory Core module and five optional modules . Starting from this draft, ECMA/TC21 prepared a Standard for fully defined subsets of the language . These subsets , called ECMA BASIC-! and ECMA BASIC-2, are designed for business applications , requiring extended file facilities . ECMA BASIC-1 has no exception handling facilities and a reduced set of file operations . In addition, all the keywords in ECMA BASIC-1 are reserved words, reducing the comp lexity of the interpreter or compiler needed . ECMA BASIC-2 provides full exception handling capabilities , full file operations and fixed decimal capabilities . The set of reserved words is minimal . Both subsets provide the full flow control capabilities provided in the ANSI standard . An additional module (ECMA GRAPHICS) provides a minimum of graphic capabilities and can be used with either subset .
    [Show full text]
  • Advanced Sql Programming Third Edition
    JOE CELKO’S SQL FOR SMARTIES: ADVANCED SQL PROGRAMMING THIRD EDITION The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems Series Editor: Jim Gray, Microsoft Research • Joe Celko’s SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming, Third Edition, Joe Celko • Moving Objects Databases, Ralf Güting and Markus Schneider • Foundations of Multidimensional and Metric Data Structures, Hanan Samet • Joe Celko’s SQL Programming Style, Joe Celko • Data Mining, Second Edition: Concepts and Techniques, Ian Witten and Eibe Frank • Fuzzy Modeling and Genetic Algorithms for Data Mining and Exploration, Earl Cox • Data Modeling Essentials, Third Edition, Graeme C. Simsion and Graham C. Witt • Location-Based Services, Jochen Schiller and Agnès Voisard • Database Modeling with Microsft® Visio for Enterprise Architects, Terry Halpin, Ken Evans, Patrick Hallock, Bill Maclean • Designing Data-Intensive Web Applications, Stephano Ceri, Piero Fraternali, Aldo Bongio, Marco Brambilla, Sara Comai, and Maristella Matera • Mining the Web: Discovering Knowledge from Hypertext Data, Soumen Chakrabarti • Advanced SQL: 1999—Understanding Object-Relational and Other Advanced Features, Jim Melton • Database Tuning: Principles, Experiments, and Troubleshooting Techniques, Dennis Shasha and Philippe Bonnet • SQL:1999—Understanding Relational Language Components, Jim Melton and Alan R. Simon • Information Visualization in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Edited by Usama Fayyad, Georges G. Grinstein, and Andreas Wierse • Transactional Information Systems: Theory, Algorithms,
    [Show full text]
  • Information Systems
    INFORMATION SYSTEMS THEIR INTERCONNECTION AND COMFOTIBILITY PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM VARNA, 30 SEPTEMBER - 3 OCTOBER 1974 ORGANIZED BY THE IAEA AND CO-SPONSORED BY THE FAO AND UNESCO INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1 975 INFORMATION SYSTEMS Their Interconnection and Compatibility PROCEEDINGS SERIES INFORMATION SYSTEMS Their Interconnection and Compatibility PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS: CONNECTION AND COMPATIBILITY ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY AND CO-SPONSORED BY THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION HELD IN VARNA, BULGARIA, 30 SEPTEMBER - 3 OCTOBER 1974 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA, 1975 INFORMATION SYSTEMS: THEIR INTERCONNECTION AND COMPATIBILITY IAEA, VIENNA, 1975 STI/PUB/379 ISBN 92-0^)70075-6 Printed by the IAEA in Austria February 1975 FOREWORD The Statutes of a number of international organizations, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the Food and Agricultural Organization, include, as one of the aims of the bodies, the encourage- ment of exchange of information in the appropriate fields among their Member States. It is recognized that application of scientific knowledge is one of the best ways of achieving social progress. Rapid application of such knowledge is of paramount importance in the development of technology, which in turn leads to an increase in productivity and social advance. The rapid application can only be realized if there is effective cooperation and exchange of information on an international level. However, the distribution of work and responsibility for operating a world-wide information exchange system is a very complex problem.
    [Show full text]
  • ISO 8601 Committee Draft 3
    INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8601 SecondFirst edition 1997-..-..1988-06-15 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION ME*AYHAPOAHAR 0PrAHkI3AL4HR n0 CTAHAAPTH3AL4KM Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times Éléments de données et formats d'échange – Échange d'information – Représentation de la date et de l'heure Reference number ISO 8601 :19971988 (E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. They are approved in accordance with ISO procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting. International Standard ISO 8601 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 154, Documents and data elements in administration, commerce and industry. It cancels and replaces International Standards ISO 2014 : 1976, ISO 2015 : 1976, ISO 2711 : 1973, ISO 3307 : 1975, and ISO 4031 : 1978 and ISO 8601: 1988, of which it constitutes a technical revision. It incorporates ISO 8601: 1988, Technical Corrigendum 1 and ISO 8601: 1988 Amendment 1. Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated.
    [Show full text]
  • ISO 8601:2004 31B276723d04/Iso-8601-2004
    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 8601 Third edition 2004-12-01 Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and times Éléments de données et formats d'échange — Échange d'information — Représentation de la date et de l'heure iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 8601:2004 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/5acf157a-5944-41b9-abd7- 31b276723d04/iso-8601-2004 Reference number ISO 8601:2004(E) © ISO 2004 ISO 8601:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 8601:2004 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/5acf157a-5944-41b9-abd7- 31b276723d04/iso-8601-2004 © ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
    [Show full text]
  • Iso 8601-1 (Wd)
    © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO/TC 154/WG 5 N0038 Date: 2016-02-16 ISO/WD 8601-1 ISO/TC 154/WG 5 Secretariat: SAC Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange - Representation of dates and times — Part 1: Basic rules Eléments de données et formats d'échange — Échange d'information - Représentation de la date et de l'heure — Partie 1: Règles de base Warning This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Document type: International Standard Document subtype: Document stage: (20) Preparatory Document language: E Documents:MyDocuments:Work:ISO-TC154:WG5:N-Documents:ISO-TC154- WG5_N0038_ISO_WD_8601-1_2016-02-16.docx STD Version 2.7f ISO/WD 8601-1 Copyright notice This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While the reproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standards development process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ISO. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to ISO's member body in the country of the requester: ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
    [Show full text]
  • FIPS PUB 12-2 Supersedes FIPS PUB 12·1 1972 July 1
    FIPS PUB 12-2 Supersedes FIPS PUB 12·1 1972 July 1 FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS PUBLICATION 1974 DECEMBER 1 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMM~RCE / National Bureau of Standards Foreword The Federal Information Processing Standards Publication Series of the National Bureau of Standards is the official publication relating to standards adopted and promulgated under the provisions of Public Law 89-306, and under Part 6 of Title 15 Code of Federal Regulations. The entire series constitutes the FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS REGISTER. The series is used to announce Federal Information Processing Standards, and to provide standards information of general interest and an index of relevant standards publications and specifications. Publications that announce adoption of standards provide the necessary policy, ad­ ministrative, and guidance information for effective standards imple­ mentation and use. The technical specifications of the standard are usually attaqhed to the publication, otherwise a reference source is cited. Comments covering Federal Information Processing Standards and Publications are welcomed, and should be addressed to the Associate Director for ADP Standards, Institute for Computer Sciences and Tech­ nology, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234. Such comments will be either considered by NBS or forwarded to the responsible activity as appropriate. RICHARD W. ROBERTS, Director Abstra~t This publication provides material concerning standardization activities in the area of information processing at the Federal, National, and International levels .. Also included are related policy and procedural guideline documents. A list of Federal Government participants involved in the development of Federal Information Processing Standards is provided. This FIPS PUB is revised and updated annually .
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Information Processing Standards
    NIST REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS FIPS PUB 4-1 Supersedes FSPS PUB 4 1968 November 1 FEDERAL INFORMATION PROCESSING STANDARDS PUBLICATION 1988 JANUARY 27 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE/National Bureau of Standards REPRESENTATION FOR CALENDAR DATE AND ORDINAL DATE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE i-p and said FEDERAL GENERAL DATA STANDARD REPRESENTATIONS AND CODES A JK 468 . A8A3 NO.4-1 1988 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, C. William Verity, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director Foreword The Federal Information Processing Standards Publication Series of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) is the official publication relating to standards, guidelines, and documents adopted and promulgated under the provisions of Public Law 89-306 (Brooks Act) and under Part 6 of Title 15, Code of Federal Regulations. These legislative and executive mandates have given the Secretary of Commerce important responsibilities for improving the utilization and management of computers and automatic data processing in the Federal Government. To carry out the Secretary’s responsibil¬ ities, the NBS, through its Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, provides leadership, technical guidance, and coordination of Government efforts in the development of standards, guide¬ lines and documents in these areas. Comments concerning Federal Information Processing Standards Publications are welcomed and should be addressed to the Director, Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. James H. Burrows, Director Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Abstract This standard provides a means of representing calendar date and ordinal date to facilitate interchange of data among information systems. This standard adopts American National Standard ANSI X3.30-1985, Representation for Calendar Date and Ordinal Date for Information Interchange.
    [Show full text]
  • WHO Prequalification: Sample Product Dossier for an IVD Intended
    WHO Sample product dossier for SIMU™self-test for HIV 12O WHO Prequalification: Sample Product Dossier for an IVD intended for HIV self-testing SIMU™ self-test for HIV 12O PQDx5432-98-00 THE Manufacturing Company DRAFT DOSSIER FOR PUBLIC COMMENT Disclaimer This Product Dossier is entirely fictitious and has been produced for illustrative purposes only. Each manufacturer must determine what should be submitted to fulfil WHO requirements. Working document 21 December 2015 WHO Sample product dossier for SIMU™self-test for HIV 12O © World Health Organization 2015 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for non- commercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • VOLUME VIII - FASCICLE Vlll/I
    This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻼ ً◌ 此电子版（PDF版本）由国际电信联盟（ITU）图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. © International Telecommunication Union INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCITT THE INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE YELLOW BOOK VOLUME VIII - FASCICLE Vlll/I DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE V SERIES VIIth PLENARY ASSEMBLY GENEVA, 10-21 NOVEMBER 1980 Geneva 1981 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCITT THE INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE YELLOW BOOK VOLUME VIII - FASCICLE VIII.1 DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE V SERIES VIIth PLENARY ASSEMBLY GENEVA. 10-21 NOVEMBER 1980 Geneva 1981 ISBN 92-61-01151-9 © I.T.U. CONTENTS OF THE CCITT BOOK APPLICABLE AFTER THE SEVENTH PLENARY ASSEMBLY (1980) YELLOW BOOK Volume I Minutes and reports of the Plenary Assembly.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Information Processing Standards
    abDi-flfl | MflsiioB ootaan ? | T-£5-£& ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 8601 First edition 1988-06-15 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION MEJKAi'HAPOflHAR OPTAHH3A14HPI HO CTAHflAPTM3AI4MH Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and times Elements de donnges et formats d’Schange — Echange d'information — ReprSsentation de la date et de I'he u re Reference number LSO 8601: 1988 (E> Copyright bg the INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO) Thu Mar 30 13:10:24 1995 .V * ISO 6LQ1 66 4651103 0104337 S INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8601 : 1988 TECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1 Published 1991-05-01 INTERNATIONAL CRGANIZAtlON FOR STANDARDIZATION-MEJKfiyHAPOfiHAH OPrAHH3AltHtt nOCTAHflAPTH3AUHM-OIIGANISATiaN INTERNATIONALS DE NORMALISATION Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and times TECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1 EtSments de donndes et formats d‘6c turn go — Echange d'information — Representation de la date et de I'heure RECT/F/CA TIF TECHNIQUE 1 Technical corrigendum 1 to International Standard ISO 8601 : 1988 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 154, Documents and data elements in administration, commerce and industry. Subclause 5.3 Lines 3 and 4, delete “[01] to [241" and "[01] to [60]" and insort "(003 to [24]" and "1001 to 1591" Subclause 5.3.1.3 Last line, delete "shall be preceded by a zero" and insert "shall be preceded by two zeros in accordance with 4.6" Page 11 Annex B Clause B.1, Calendar week — 15th week of 1985, extended format column, delete "-5W15" and insert "-5-W15" UDC 529 : 003.62 Ref. No. ISO 8601 : 1988/Cor.l : 1991 (E) Descriptors: Information interchange, documentation, data representation, calendar dates.
    [Show full text]
  • Data and Databases Concepts in Practice.Pdf
    Release Team[oR] 2001 [x] Database Joe Celko's Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice ISBN: 1558604324 by Joe Celko Morgan Kaufmann Publishers © 1999, 382 pages A "big picture" look at database design and programming for all levels of developers. Table of Contents Colleague Comments Back Cover Synopsis by Dean Andrews In this book, outspoken database magazine columnist Joe Celko waxes philosophic about fundamental concepts in database design and development. He points out misconceptions and plain ol' mistakes commonly made while creating databases including mathematical calculation errors, inappropriate key field choices, date representation goofs and more. Celko also points out the quirks in SQL itself. A detailed table-of-contents will quickly route you to your area of interest. Table of Contents Joe Celko’s Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice - 4 Preface - 6 Chapter 1 - The Nature of Data - 13 Chapter 2 - Entities, Attributes, Values, and Relationships - 23 Chapter 3 - Data Structures - 31 Chapter 4 - Relational Tables - 49 Chapter 5 - Access Structures - 69 Chapter 6 - Numeric Data - 84 Chapter 7 - Character String Data - 92 Chapter 8 - Logic and Databases - 104 Chapter 9 - Temporal Data - 123 Chapter 10 - Textual Data - 131 Chapter 11 - Exotic Data - 135 Chapter 12 - Scales and Measurements - 146 Chapter 13 - Missing Data - 151 Chapter 14 - Data Encoding Schemes - 163 - 2 - Chapter 15 - Check Digits - 163 Chapter 16 - The Basic Relational Model - 178 Chapter 17 - Keys - 188 Chapter 18 - Different Relational Models - 202 Chapter 19 - Basic Relational Operations - 205 Chapter 20 - Transactions and Concurrency Control - 207 Chapter 21 - Functional Dependencies - 214 Chapter 22 - Normalization - 217 Chapter 23 - Denormalization - 238 Chapter 24 - Metadata - 252 References - 258 Back Cover Do you need an introductory book on data and databases? If the book is by Joe Celko, the answer is yes.
    [Show full text]