DOCSLIB.ORG

Data and Databases Concepts in Practice.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Release Team[oR] 2001 [x] Database Joe Celko's Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice ISBN: 1558604324 by Joe Celko Morgan Kaufmann Publishers © 1999, 382 pages A "big picture" look at database design and programming for all levels of developers. Table of Contents Colleague Comments Back Cover Synopsis by Dean Andrews In this book, outspoken database magazine columnist Joe Celko waxes philosophic about fundamental concepts in database design and development. He points out misconceptions and plain ol' mistakes commonly made while creating databases including mathematical calculation errors, inappropriate key field choices, date representation goofs and more. Celko also points out the quirks in SQL itself. A detailed table-of-contents will quickly route you to your area of interest. Table of Contents Joe Celko’s Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice - 4 Preface - 6 Chapter 1 - The Nature of Data - 13 Chapter 2 - Entities, Attributes, Values, and Relationships - 23 Chapter 3 - Data Structures - 31 Chapter 4 - Relational Tables - 49 Chapter 5 - Access Structures - 69 Chapter 6 - Numeric Data - 84 Chapter 7 - Character String Data - 92 Chapter 8 - Logic and Databases - 104 Chapter 9 - Temporal Data - 123 Chapter 10 - Textual Data - 131 Chapter 11 - Exotic Data - 135 Chapter 12 - Scales and Measurements - 146 Chapter 13 - Missing Data - 151 Chapter 14 - Data Encoding Schemes - 163 - 2 - Chapter 15 - Check Digits - 163 Chapter 16 - The Basic Relational Model - 178 Chapter 17 - Keys - 188 Chapter 18 - Different Relational Models - 202 Chapter 19 - Basic Relational Operations - 205 Chapter 20 - Transactions and Concurrency Control - 207 Chapter 21 - Functional Dependencies - 214 Chapter 22 - Normalization - 217 Chapter 23 - Denormalization - 238 Chapter 24 - Metadata - 252 References - 258 Back Cover Do you need an introductory book on data and databases? If the book is by Joe Celko, the answer is yes. Data & Databases: Concepts in Practice is the first introduction to relational database technology written especially for practicing IT professionals. If you work mostly outside the database world, this book will ground you in the concepts and overall framework you must master if your data-intensive projects are to be successful. If you’re already an experienced database programmer, administrator, analyst, or user, it will let you take a step back from your work and examine the founding principles on which you rely every day -- helping you work smarter, faster, and problem- free. Whatever your field or level of expertise, Data & Databases offers you the depth and breadth of vision for which Celko is famous. No one knows the topic as well as he, and no one conveys this knowledge as clearly, as effectively -- or as engagingly. Filled with absorbing war stories and no-holds- barred commentary, this is a book you’ll pick up again and again, both for the information it holds and for the distinctive style that marks it as genuine Celko. Features: • Supports its extensive conceptual information with example code and other practical illustrations. • Explains fundamental issues such as the nature of data and data modeling and moves to more specific technical questions such as scales, measurements, and encoding. • Offers fresh, engaging approaches to basic and not-so-basic issues of database programming, including data entities, relationships and values, data structures, set operations, numeric data, character string data, logical data and operations, and missing data. • Covers the conceptual foundations of modern RDBMS technology, making it an ideal choice for students. About the Author - 3 - Joe Celko is a noted consultant, lecturer, writer, and teacher, whose column in Intelligent Enterprise has won several Reader’s Choice Awards. He is well known for his ten years of service on the ANSI SQL standards committee, his dependable help on the DBMS CompuServe Forum, and, of course, his war stories, which provide real-world insight into SQL programming. Joe Celko’s Data and Databases: Concepts in Practice Joe Celko Senior Editor: Diane D. Cerra Director of Production and Manufacturing: Yonie Overton Production Editor: Cheri Palmer Editorial Coordinator: Belinda Breyer Cover and Text Design: Side by Side Studios Cover and Text Series Design: ThoughtHouse, Inc. Copyeditor: Ken DellaPenta Proofreader: Jennifer McClain Composition: Nancy Logan Illustration: Cherie Plumlee Indexer: Ty Koontz Printer: Courier Corporation Designations used by companies to distinquish their products are often claimed as trademarks or registered trademarks. In all instances where Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or all capital letters. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regarding trademarks and registration. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Editorial and Sales Office 340 Pine Street, Sixth Floor San Francisco, CA 94104-3205 USA Telephone: 415/392-2665 Facsimile: 415-982-2665 E-mail: [email protected] www: http://www.mkp.com Order toll free: 800/745-7323 © 1999 by Morgan Kaufmann Publishers All rights reserved - 4 - Printed in the United States of America To my father, Joseph Celko Sr., and to my daughters, Takoga Stonerock and Amanda Pattarozzi Preface Overview This book is a collection of ideas about the nature of data and databases. Some of the material has appeared in different forms in my regular columns in the computer trade and academic press, on CompuServe forum groups, on the Internet, and over beers at conferences for several years. Some of it is new to this volume. This book is not a complete, formal text about any particular database theory and will not be too mathematical to read easily. Its purpose is to provide foundations and philosophy to the working programmer so that they can understand what they do for a living in greater depth. The topic of each chapter could be a book in itself and usually has been. This book is supposed to make you think and give you things to think about. Hopefully, it succeeds. Thanks to my magazine columns in DBMS, Database Programming & Design, Intelligent Enterprise, and other publications over the years, I have become the apologist for ANSI/ISO standard SQL. However, this is not an SQL book per se. It is more oriented toward the philosophy and foundations of data and databases than toward programming tips and techniques. However, I try to use the ANSI/ISO SQL-92 standard language for examples whenever possible, occasionally extending it when I have to invent a notation for some purpose. If you need a book on the SQL-92 language, you should get a copy of Understanding the New SQL, by Jim Melton and Alan Simon (Melton and Simon 1993). Jim’s other book, Understanding SQL’s Stored Procedures (Melton 1998), covers the procedural language that was added to the SQL-92 standard in 1996. If you want to get SQL tips and techniques, buy a copy of my other book, SQL for Smarties (Celko 1995), and then see if you learned to use them with a copy of SQL Puzzles & Answers (Celko 1997). Organization of the Book The book is organized into nested, numbered sections arranged by topic. If you have a problem and want to look up a possible solution now, you can go to the index or table of contents and thumb to the right section. Feel free to highlight the parts you need and to write notes in the margins. I hope that the casual conversational style of the book will serve you well. I simply did not have the time or temperament to do a formal text. If you want to explore the more formal side of the issues I raise, I have tried to at least point you toward detailed references. - 5 - Corrections and Future Editions I will be glad to receive corrections, comments, and other suggestions for future editions of this book. Send your ideas to Joe Celko 235 Carter Avenue Atlanta, GA 30317-3303 email: [email protected] website: www.celko.com or contact me through the publisher. You could see your name in print! Acknowledgments I’d like to thank Diane Cerra of Morgan Kaufmann and the many people from CompuServe forum sessions and personal letters and emails. I’d also like to thank all the members of the ANSI X3H2 Database Standards Committee, past and present. Chapter 1: The Nature of Data Where is the wisdom? Lost in the knowledge. Where is the knowledge? Lost in the information. —T. S. Eliot Where is the information? Lost in the data. Where is the data? Lost in the #@%&! database! — Joe Celko Overview So I am not the poet that T. S. Eliot is, but he probably never wrote a computer program in his life. However, I agree with his point about wisdom and information. And if he knew the distinction between data and information, I like to think that he would have agreed with mine. I would like to define “data,” without becoming too formal yet, as facts that can be represented with measurements using scales or with formal symbol systems within the context of a formal model. The model is supposed to represent something called “the real world” in such a way that changes in the facts of “the real world” are reflected by changes in the database. I will start referring to “the real world” as “the reality” for a model from now on. The reason that you have a model is that you simply cannot put the real world into a computer or even into your own head. A model has to reflect the things that you think are important in the real world and the entities and properties that you wish to manipulate and predict. - 6 - I will argue that the first databases were the precursors to written language that were found in the Middle East (see Jean 1992). Shepherds keeping community flocks needed a way to manipulate ownership of the animals, so that everyone knew who owned how many rams, ewes, lambs, and whatever else.
Recommended publications
  • Middleware in Action 2007

    Middleware in Action 2007

    Technology Assessment from Ken North Computing, LLC Middleware in Action Industrial Strength Data Access May 2007 Middleware in Action: Industrial Strength Data Access Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 2 Mature Technology .........................................................................................................3 Scalability, Interoperability, High Availability ...................................................................5 Components, XML and Services-Oriented Architecture..................................................6 Best-of-Breed Middleware...............................................................................................7 Pay Now or Pay Later .....................................................................................................7 2.0 Architectures for Distributed Computing.................................................................. 8 2.1 Leveraging Infrastructure ........................................................................................ 8 2.2 Multi-Tier, N-Tier Architecture ................................................................................. 9 2.3 Persistence, Client-Server Databases, Distributed Data ....................................... 10 Client-Server SQL Processing ......................................................................................10 Client Libraries ..............................................................................................................
  • Europe Co P Er Anu Ctu Ers Associ On

    Europe Co P Er Anu Ctu Ers Associ On

    EUROPE CO P ER ANU CTU ERS ASSOCI ON l June 1986 Free copies of this document are available from EC:\lA, European Computer :\Iannfadnrers Association I H Rue dn Hhi'me 1201 Geneva (Switzerland) BRIEF HISTORY The first version of the language BASIC, acronym for Beginner 1 s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code, was produced in June 1965 at the Dartmouth Col lege in the USA. In January 1978, ECMA published a Standard for Minimal BASIC, ECMA-55, prepared in coopera­ tion with ANSI X3J2 and fully compatible with the corresponding ANSI standard . This Stan­ dard ECMA-55 served as a basis for the ISO Standard on Minimal BASIC. With the continuation of the work, a draft Standard for full BASIC was agreed by ANSI X3J2 , EWICS TC2 and ECMA/TC21 in January 1985 . This draft is composed of a mandatory Core module and five optional modules . Starting from this draft, ECMA/TC21 prepared a Standard for fully defined subsets of the language . These subsets , called ECMA BASIC-! and ECMA BASIC-2, are designed for business applications , requiring extended file facilities . ECMA BASIC-1 has no exception handling facilities and a reduced set of file operations . In addition, all the keywords in ECMA BASIC-1 are reserved words, reducing the comp lexity of the interpreter or compiler needed . ECMA BASIC-2 provides full exception handling capabilities , full file operations and fixed decimal capabilities . The set of reserved words is minimal . Both subsets provide the full flow control capabilities provided in the ANSI standard . An additional module (ECMA GRAPHICS) provides a minimum of graphic capabilities and can be used with either subset .
  • Advanced Sql Programming Third Edition

    Advanced Sql Programming Third Edition

    JOE CELKO’S SQL FOR SMARTIES: ADVANCED SQL PROGRAMMING THIRD EDITION The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems Series Editor: Jim Gray, Microsoft Research • Joe Celko’s SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming, Third Edition, Joe Celko • Moving Objects Databases, Ralf Güting and Markus Schneider • Foundations of Multidimensional and Metric Data Structures, Hanan Samet • Joe Celko’s SQL Programming Style, Joe Celko • Data Mining, Second Edition: Concepts and Techniques, Ian Witten and Eibe Frank • Fuzzy Modeling and Genetic Algorithms for Data Mining and Exploration, Earl Cox • Data Modeling Essentials, Third Edition, Graeme C. Simsion and Graham C. Witt • Location-Based Services, Jochen Schiller and Agnès Voisard • Database Modeling with Microsft® Visio for Enterprise Architects, Terry Halpin, Ken Evans, Patrick Hallock, Bill Maclean • Designing Data-Intensive Web Applications, Stephano Ceri, Piero Fraternali, Aldo Bongio, Marco Brambilla, Sara Comai, and Maristella Matera • Mining the Web: Discovering Knowledge from Hypertext Data, Soumen Chakrabarti • Advanced SQL: 1999—Understanding Object-Relational and Other Advanced Features, Jim Melton • Database Tuning: Principles, Experiments, and Troubleshooting Techniques, Dennis Shasha and Philippe Bonnet • SQL:1999—Understanding Relational Language Components, Jim Melton and Alan R. Simon • Information Visualization in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Edited by Usama Fayyad, Georges G. Grinstein, and Andreas Wierse • Transactional Information Systems: Theory, Algorithms,
  • Information Systems

    Information Systems

    INFORMATION SYSTEMS THEIR INTERCONNECTION AND COMFOTIBILITY PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM VARNA, 30 SEPTEMBER - 3 OCTOBER 1974 ORGANIZED BY THE IAEA AND CO-SPONSORED BY THE FAO AND UNESCO INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1 975 INFORMATION SYSTEMS Their Interconnection and Compatibility PROCEEDINGS SERIES INFORMATION SYSTEMS Their Interconnection and Compatibility PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS: CONNECTION AND COMPATIBILITY ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY AND CO-SPONSORED BY THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION HELD IN VARNA, BULGARIA, 30 SEPTEMBER - 3 OCTOBER 1974 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA, 1975 INFORMATION SYSTEMS: THEIR INTERCONNECTION AND COMPATIBILITY IAEA, VIENNA, 1975 STI/PUB/379 ISBN 92-0^)70075-6 Printed by the IAEA in Austria February 1975 FOREWORD The Statutes of a number of international organizations, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the Food and Agricultural Organization, include, as one of the aims of the bodies, the encourage- ment of exchange of information in the appropriate fields among their Member States. It is recognized that application of scientific knowledge is one of the best ways of achieving social progress. Rapid application of such knowledge is of paramount importance in the development of technology, which in turn leads to an increase in productivity and social advance. The rapid application can only be realized if there is effective cooperation and exchange of information on an international level. However, the distribution of work and responsibility for operating a world-wide information exchange system is a very complex problem.
  • Up to a Point, Lord Copper

    Up to a Point, Lord Copper

    copper.html Up to a Point, Lord Copper A response to Tom Johnston's article,"More to the Point" (Database Programming & Design, October 24th, 1995) by C. J. Date, Hugh Darwen, and David McGoveran Tom Johnston's recent article "More to the Point" [2] was a response to a critique by the present authors [3] of an earlier two-part article by Johnston [4] in support of many-valued logic. What follows is a response to that response. We begin with a slightly edited excerpt from that letter. (Note: Following normal convention, we use MVL, 2VL, 3VL, ... throughout this paper to stand for many-valued logic, two-valued logic, three-valued logic (and so on). Our comments tend to focus on 3VL specifically, though they often apply, sometimes with even more force, to 4VL, 5VL, and the rest.) "Probably many readers are bored to tears with this whole subject. Certainly the editor of Database Programming & Design seems to think so; in his introduction to our previous critique, he wrote: '[Johnston's response to this critique] will appear [soon] ... With that, we'll all shake hands and end this chapter of The Great MVL Debate.' Would that we could! But Johnston's response simply cries out for further rebuttal. The sad truth is that the topic of our debate is fundamentally important. What's more, it isn't going to go away (indeed, nor should it), so long as MVL advocates such as Johnston fail even to address-let alone answer-our many serious and well-founded objections to their position.
  • OLAP Solutions Building Multidimensional Information Systems

    OLAP Solutions Building Multidimensional Information Systems

    Y L F M A E T Team-Fly® OLAP Solutions Building Multidimensional Information Systems Second Edition Erik Thomsen Wiley Computer Publishing John Wiley & Sons, Inc. NEW YORK • CHICHESTER • WEINHEIM • BRISBANE • SINGAPORE • TORONTO OLAP Solutions Building Multidimensional Information Systems Second Edition OLAP Solutions Building Multidimensional Information Systems Second Edition Erik Thomsen Wiley Computer Publishing John Wiley & Sons, Inc. NEW YORK • CHICHESTER • WEINHEIM • BRISBANE • SINGAPORE • TORONTO Publisher: Robert Ipsen Editor: Robert Elliott Developmental Editor: Emilie Herman Managing Editor: John Atkins New Media Editor: Brian Snapp Text Design & Composition: MacAllister Publishing Services, LLC Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. In all instances where John Wiley & Sons, Inc., is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or all capital letters. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regarding trademarks and registration. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2002 by Erik Thomsen. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, (212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008, E-Mail: PERMREQ @ WILEY.COM.
  • Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties

    Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties

    Joe Celko’s SQL for Smarties Fourth Edition The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems (Selected Titles) Joe Celko’s Data, Measurements and Location-Based Services Web Farming for the Data Warehouse Standards in SQL Jochen Schiller and Agnès Voisard Richard D. Hackathorn Joe Celko Managing Time in Relational Databases: Management of Heterogeneous and Information Modeling and Relational How to Design, Update and Query Autonomous Database Systems Databases, 2 nd Edition Temporal Data Edited by Ahmed Elmagarmid, Marek Terry Halpin, Tony Morgan Tom Johnston and Randall Weis Rusinkiewicz, Amit Sheth Joe Celko’s Thinking in Sets Database Modeling with Microsoft® Visio Object-Relational DBMSs: 2 nd Edition Joe Celko for Enterprise Architects Michael Stonebraker and Paul Brown, Business Metadata Terry Halpin, Ken Evans, Patrick Hallock, with Bill Inmon, Bonnie O’Neil, Lowell Fryman Bill Maclean Dorothy Moore Unleashing Web 2.0 Designing Data-Intensive Web Applications Universal Database Management: A Guide Gottfried Vossen, Stephan Hagemann Stephano Ceri, Piero Fraternali, Aldo to Object/Relational Technology Bongio, Marco Brambilla, Sara Comai, Cynthia Maro Saracco Enterprise Knowledge Management Maristella Matera rd David Loshin Readings in Database Systems, 3 Edition Mining the Web: Discovering Knowledge Edited by Michael Stonebraker, Joseph M. nd Business Process Change, 2 Edition from Hypertext Data Hellerstein Paul Harmon Soumen Chakrabarti Understanding SQL’s Stored Procedures: nd IT Manager’s Handbook, 2 Edition Advanced SQL: 1999—Understanding Object- A Complete Guide to SQL/PSM Bill Holtsnider & Brian Jaffe Relational and Other Advanced Features Jim Melton Joe Celko’s Puzzles and Answers, Jim Melton Principles of Multimedia Database Systems nd 2 Edition Database Tuning: Principles, Experiments, V.
  • ISO 8601 Committee Draft 3

    ISO 8601 Committee Draft 3

    INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8601 SecondFirst edition 1997-..-..1988-06-15 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION ME*AYHAPOAHAR 0PrAHkI3AL4HR n0 CTAHAAPTH3AL4KM Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times Éléments de données et formats d'échange – Échange d'information – Représentation de la date et de l'heure Reference number ISO 8601 :19971988 (E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. They are approved in accordance with ISO procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting. International Standard ISO 8601 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 154, Documents and data elements in administration, commerce and industry. It cancels and replaces International Standards ISO 2014 : 1976, ISO 2015 : 1976, ISO 2711 : 1973, ISO 3307 : 1975, and ISO 4031 : 1978 and ISO 8601: 1988, of which it constitutes a technical revision. It incorporates ISO 8601: 1988, Technical Corrigendum 1 and ISO 8601: 1988 Amendment 1. Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated.
  • ISO 8601:2004 31B276723d04/Iso-8601-2004

    ISO 8601:2004 31B276723d04/Iso-8601-2004

    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 8601 Third edition 2004-12-01 Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and times Éléments de données et formats d'échange — Échange d'information — Représentation de la date et de l'heure iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 8601:2004 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/5acf157a-5944-41b9-abd7- 31b276723d04/iso-8601-2004 Reference number ISO 8601:2004(E) © ISO 2004 ISO 8601:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 8601:2004 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/5acf157a-5944-41b9-abd7- 31b276723d04/iso-8601-2004 © ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
  • Type Inference, Type Improvement, and Type Simplification in a Language with User-Defined Polymorphic Relational Operators

    Type Inference, Type Improvement, and Type Simplification in a Language with User-Defined Polymorphic Relational Operators

    Type Inference, Type Improvement, and Type Simplification in a Language with User-Defined Polymorphic Relational Operators by Lajos Pal´ Nagy Master of Science in Computer Science Technical University of Budapest 2000 A dissertation submitted to Florida Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science Melbourne, Florida May, 2007 c Copyright 2007 Lajos Pal´ Nagy All Rights Reserved The author grants permission to make single copies We the undersigned committee hereby approve the attached thesis Type Inference, Type Improvement, and Type Simplification in a Language with User-Defined Polymorphic Relational Operators by Lajos Pal´ Nagy Ryan Stansifer, Ph.D. Major Advisor Associate Professor, Computer Sciences Philip J. Bernhard, Ph.D. Committee Member Associate Professor, Computer Sciences Philip K. Chan, Ph.D. Committee Member Associate Professor, Computer Sciences Jewgeni H. Dshalalow, Dr.Sci. Committee Member Professor, Mathematics William D. Shoaff, Ph.D. Associate Professor and Head Computer Sciences Abstract Type Inference, Type Improvement, and Type Simplification in a Language with User-Defined Polymorphic Relational Operators by Lajos Pal´ Nagy Major Advisor: Ryan Stansifer, Ph.D. The overarching goal of the current thesis is to pave the road towards a comprehensive solu- tion to the decades old problem of integrating databases and programming languages. For this purpose, we propose a record calculus as an extension of an ML-style functional programming language
  • Iso 8601-1 (Wd)

    Iso 8601-1 (Wd)

    © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved ISO/TC 154/WG 5 N0038 Date: 2016-02-16 ISO/WD 8601-1 ISO/TC 154/WG 5 Secretariat: SAC Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange - Representation of dates and times — Part 1: Basic rules Eléments de données et formats d'échange — Échange d'information - Représentation de la date et de l'heure — Partie 1: Règles de base Warning This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Document type: International Standard Document subtype: Document stage: (20) Preparatory Document language: E Documents:MyDocuments:Work:ISO-TC154:WG5:N-Documents:ISO-TC154- WG5_N0038_ISO_WD_8601-1_2016-02-16.docx STD Version 2.7f ISO/WD 8601-1 Copyright notice This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While the reproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standards development process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ISO. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to ISO's member body in the country of the requester: ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
  • Confusing Physcal and Logical Levels of Abstraction Is The

    Confusing Physcal and Logical Levels of Abstraction Is The

    Confusing Physcal and Logical Levels of Abstraction Correspondence Between David McGoveran and Jim Starkey, April-May, 2014 In April, 2014, Jim Starkey posted a commentary "Is the Relational Data Model Spent?" on the Database Architect's Forum of LinkedIn. I was sent a copy of the post by Fabian Pascal, a member of the forum. Choosing not to join the forum in order to respond, Jim and I communicated via postings on Fabian's blog www.dbdebunk.com with two rounds each. The correspondence follows, in order of its appearance and as it appeared, spelling errors and all. I have taken the liberty of improving formatting for readability. I have assumed that, since Jim's commentary was public and not copyrighted (I have added a notice on his behalf herein), that it is fair use to include it herein. Of course, if Jim ever has any objection I will be happy to remove his portion of the correspondence and expand my commentary to so as to explain what he posted without including it. Is the Relational Data Model Spent? by Jim Starkey, Database Architect © 2014 Jim Starkey – All Rights Reserved Let me start by establishing my relational credentials. My first exposure to relational databases was some mimeographed copies of Codd’s early papers while working the ARPAnet Datacomputer project. I was unable to convince the company I worked for that relational was the future (“too academic”). I joined DEC to write a relational database, but got sidelined by a hiring bait and switch. I did start the DEC Rdb project, but had to spin off due other other responsibilities.