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Annotated Checklist of Fishes from Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary with Notes on Extralimital Species

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Annotated Checklist of Fishes from Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary with Notes on Extralimital Species A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 887: 1–119 (2019) Annotated checklist of fishes from MBNMS 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.887.38024 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Annotated checklist of fishes from Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary with notes on extralimital species Erica J. Burton1, Robert N. Lea2,3 1 Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad- ministration, 99 Pacific Street, Building 455A, Monterey, California 93940, USA 2 Department of Ichthyo- logy, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118, USA 3 Section of Ichthyology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boule- vard, Los Angeles, California, 90007, USA Corresponding author: Erica J. Burton ([email protected]) Academic editor: Kyle Piller | Received 5 July 2019 | Accepted 18 September 2019 | Published 7 November 2019 http://zoobank.org/CE659523-94CA-4E87-B131-E863E691D723 Citation: Burton EJ, Lea RN (2019) Annotated checklist of fishes from Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary with notes on extralimital species. ZooKeys 887: 1–119. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.887.38024 Abstract Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary is a federal, marine protected area located off the central coast of California, USA. Understanding biodiversity, and how it is changing, is necessary to effectively manage the sanctuary. The large size of this sanctuary, which contains a variety of habitats and is influenced by several water masses, provides for a diverse fish fauna. The central California coast has a rich history of ichthyological research and surveys, contributing to a unique repository of information on fish diversity. Herein, we provide a checklist of fishes that occur within the sanctuary, including justification for each species. Ancillary record information including name-bearing type specimens, historic species, cold- or warm-water event species, introduced species, and occurrence at Davidson Seamount or Elkhorn Slough are also provided. This represents the first comprehensive annotated checklist of 507 fishes known to occur within the sanctuary. In addition, 18 species are considered to be extralimital. This annotated checklist of fishes can be used by those interested in zoogeography, marine protected areas, ichthyology, regional natural history, and sanctuary management. Keywords central California, cold-water event, Davidson Seamount, Elkhorn Slough, El Niño/Southern Oscil- lation, extralimital, introduced species, La Niña, marine protected area, species inventory, taxonomy, warm-water event Copyright Erica J. Burton, Robert N. Lea. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2 Erica J. Burton & Robert N. Lea / ZooKeys 887: 1–119 (2019) Table of contents Introduction ............................................................................................................. 3 Materials and methods ............................................................................................. 5 Basis categories and definitions ........................................................................... 8 Ancillary record categories and definitions ......................................................... 8 Occurrence of note and definitions .................................................................... 9 Results and discussion .............................................................................................. 9 Annotated checklist .......................................................................................... 26 Order Myxiniformes .................................................................................. 26 Order Petromyzontiformes ......................................................................... 26 Order Chimaeriformes ............................................................................... 26 Order Heterodontiformes .......................................................................... 27 Order Orectolobiformes ............................................................................. 27 Order Lamniformes ................................................................................... 27 Order Carcharhiniformes ........................................................................... 28 Order Hexanchiformes .............................................................................. 30 Order Squaliformes .................................................................................... 30 Order Squatiniformes ................................................................................ 30 Order Torpediniformes .............................................................................. 31 Order Rajiformes ....................................................................................... 31 Order Myliobatiformes .............................................................................. 33 Order Acipenseriformes ............................................................................. 34 Order Albuliformes .................................................................................... 34 Order Notacanthiformes ............................................................................ 34 Order Anguilliformes ................................................................................. 35 Order Saccopharyngiformes ....................................................................... 36 Order Clupeiformes ................................................................................... 36 Order Argentiniformes ............................................................................... 37 Order Osmeriformes .................................................................................. 40 Order Salmoniformes ................................................................................. 40 Order Stomiiformes ................................................................................... 41 Order Aulopiformes ................................................................................... 44 Order Myctophiformes .............................................................................. 45 Order Lampridiformes ............................................................................... 47 Order Gadiformes ...................................................................................... 48 Order Ophidiiformes ................................................................................. 51 Order Batrachoidiformes ........................................................................... 52 Order Lophiiformes ................................................................................... 52 Order Mugiliformes ................................................................................... 53 Order Atheriniformes................................................................................. 53 Order Beloniformes ................................................................................... 54 Order Stephanoberyciformes ...................................................................... 55 Annotated checklist of fishes from MBNMS 3 Order Beryciformes .................................................................................... 55 Order Zeiformes ........................................................................................ 55 Order Gasterosteiformes ............................................................................ 56 Order Scorpaeniformes .............................................................................. 57 Order Perciformes ...................................................................................... 73 Order Pleuronectiformes ............................................................................ 95 Order Tetraodontiformes ........................................................................... 98 Extralimital species ........................................................................................... 98 Order Rajiformes ....................................................................................... 98 Order Stomiiformes ................................................................................... 99 Order Myctophiformes .............................................................................. 99 Order Scorpaeniformes .............................................................................. 99 Order Perciformes .................................................................................... 100 Order Pleuronectiformes .......................................................................... 101 Order Tetradontiformes ........................................................................... 101 Acknowledgements .............................................................................................. 102 References ............................................................................................................ 103 Introduction Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (MBNMS or sanctuary) is a federal, marine protected area located off the central coast of California, USA (Fig. 1). Spanning the area from Rocky Point (Marin County) to Cambria (San Luis Obispo County), it en- compasses 444 km of shoreline, 4,601
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