Summary of Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs 2016
Cockburn Sound Management Council
1
Produced and published by Cockburn Sound Management Council
October 2016
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Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) i
Contents 1. Introduction ...... 1 2. Monitoring Programs in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area ...... 2 2.1 Summary of Monitoring Programs in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area ...... 2 2.2 Metadata for Monitoring Programs in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area ...... 11 3. Research and Investigative Studies in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area .... 32 3.1 Summary of Research and Investigative Studies in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area...... 32 3.2 Metadata for Research and Investigative Studies in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area...... 34 Appendix 1: Agencies and Organisations Contacted for Information ...... 53
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1. Introduction The Cockburn Sound Management Council (CSMC) is an advisory council to the Minister for Environment established under section 25 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986. Under its terms of reference the CSMC is responsible for the oversight and coordination of environmental monitoring and research/investigative studies in Cockburn Sound. The CSMC sought information from stakeholders with an interest in Cockburn Sound (listed in Appendix 1) on: monitoring that is currently being undertaken within the Cockburn Sound marine area; and current and recent (previous three years) research and investigative studies being undertaken within the Cockburn Sound marine area. The information provided by stakeholders and which is collated in this report includes: a summary of the monitoring programs currently being undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area (Section 2.1); metadata provided by individual organisations on the monitoring programs being undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area (Section 2.2); a summary of research and investigative studies currently or recently undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area (Section 3.1); and metadata provided by individual organisations on research and investigative studies in the Cockburn Sound marine area (Section 3.2). This information also contributes towards addressing one of the recommendations from the inter-agency debrief into the investigation of the November–December 2015 fish kill in Cockburn Sound, which identified a need for greater comparing, sharing and alignment of monitoring and research efforts in Cockburn Sound.
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2. Monitoring Programs in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area
2.1 Summary of Monitoring Programs in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area The monitoring that is currently being undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area and the organisations responsible for that monitoring are summarised in Table 1. The locations of the monitoring sites are shown in Figure 1 (nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations), Figure 2 (physical-chemical parameters), Figure 3 (contaminants in marine waters), Figure 4 (sediment quality), Figure 5 (bathing beach microbiological quality), Figure 6 (seafood quality) and Figure 7 (seagrass health). For further information on the monitoring programs refer to the metadata in Section 2.2.
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Table 1. Summary of monitoring currently being undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area COASTAL
PHYTO‐ SEDIMENT SEAFOOD SEAGRASS WATER QUALITY FISH BIRDS GEOMORPH PLANKTON QUALITY QUALITY HEALTH the
‐OLOGY
)
coli)
the E.
terns)
PESTS
Effort success
coliforms,
Overseeing
g
Tern Dynamics
Contamination or and
Parameters
Parameters
) MONITORING Caspian coliforms,
(Enterococci) (Total
X
(biotoxins) (heath,
( (X) MARINE
Limit breedin
Bridled
Metal
Monitoring
,
(abundance)
to Contaminants Contaminants Contaminants COMMUNITIES HABITAT
MAMMALS
Chemical chemical
and
abundance) ‐ ‐
HAZARD Water ( Imagery Depth Profiles Density Penguins,
Penguins
Agency/Organisation Undertaking/Funding Monitoring Monitoring Nutrients Chlorophyll/Phytoplankton biomass Physical Chemical Microbiological Microbiological Thermotolerant Intake Continuous (Temperature) Phytoplankton Physical Chemical Microbiological Biotoxins Chemical Shoot Lower BENTHIC BENTHIC CRABS OCTOPUS Abundance/Catch Distribution SHARK Little movements Caspian Ecology/Population Exposure (Little MARINE Beach Aerial INTRODUCED Cockburn Sound Management Council/Department of X X X X X Environment Regulation Department of Fisheries X X X X X X X X Department of Health X X X X X X City of Cockburn X X City of Rockingham X X X City of Kwinana X X Australian Department of X X Defence X X X X X X Water Corporation X X Fremantle Ports X X X X X X X Tronox Management Pty Ltd X X Conservation Council WA X X Curtin University X University of Western Australia X X
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Figure 1. Location of nutrient and chlorophyll a water quality monitoring sites.
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Figure 2. Location of physical-chemical water quality monitoring sites.
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Figure 3. Location of contaminants in marine waters monitoring sites.
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Figure 4. Location of sediment quality monitoring sites.
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Figure 5. Location of bathing beach (microbiological) monitoring sites.
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Figure 6. Location of seafood quality monitoring sites.
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Figure 7. Location of seagrass health monitoring sites.
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2.2 Metadata for Monitoring Programs in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area Further information on the monitoring programs currently being undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area is provided in:
Table 2 City of Cockburn.
Table 3 City of Rockingham.
Table 4 Curtin University of Technology.
Table 5 Australian Department of Defence.
Table 6 Department of Environment Regulation/Cockburn Sound Management Council.
Table 7 Department of Fisheries.
Table 8 Department of Health.
Table 9 Fremantle Ports.
Table 10 Tronox Management Pty Ltd.
Table 11 University of Western Australia.
Table 12 Water Corporation.
Table 13 provides a summary of the monitoring required by conditions of Ministerial Statements issued under Part IV of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 relating to discharges to Cockburn Sound. Table 14 provides a summary of the monitoring required by conditions of licences granted by the Department of Environment Regulation under Part V of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 relating to discharges to Cockburn Sound.
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Table 2. City of Cockburn (Contact Person: Chris Beaton). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) City of Cockburn Beach To better understand From immediately south Beach Profiles Land and Twice per year (March October 2012 City of Cockburn who Survey Data available on Monitoring and coastal processes and of the Island Street hydrographic surveys and October) currently engage MP request Analysis the impact on beaches groyne in North Coogee of three profiles Rogers & Associates and coastal reserves to the southern extent (perpendicular to the of the Naval Base shoreline) Holiday Park. Includes Profiles extend from a 20 locations (refer to minimum of 20 m map below for location behind the top of the of beach profiles). primary dune or cliffs to approximately 500 m offshore from the water line at Mean Sea Level (MSL) Elevations taken at 5 m intervals and at every change in grade Profiles show location of vegetation line and approximate waterline at time of survey
Beach Bacterial To undertake bacterial Sites monitored include: Water Quality Water samples taken Health Department Weekly from Unknown City of Cockburn Site classifications are Monitoring water quality Robbs Jetty; Port from each of the Guidelines November–May each Environmental Health updated annually and monitoring from Coogee Beach; Coogee beaches in accordance year Officers published on the November through to Beach; John Graham with Health Department Department of Health May each year including Reserve Beach; Guidelines. (and City of Cockburn conducting and Woodman Point Camp as appropriate) website: reviewing sanitary Beach; Jervoise Bay inspections of popular Beach; Jervoise Bay http://ww2.health.wa.g beaches in partnership Woodman Point; and ov.au/Articles/A_E/Copy with the Department of the Jervoise Bay Boat ‐of‐Beach‐grades‐for‐ Health, as part of the Ramp Perth‐metropolitan‐ Metropolitan Oceans ocean‐sites Bacterial Water Quality Refer to Figure 5 Monitoring Program
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Table 3. City of Rockingham (Contact Person: Brett Ashby). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Beach Erosion/Accretion Monitor the change in Point Peron – John Changes in beach 11 x 100 m long Shoalwater Islands Bi‐annually Monitoring commenced City of Rockingham – Data available on request Monitoring beach profiles and Point to Point grade beach profiles Marine Park prior to the construction Engineering Services – seafloor (80 m from Peron Sand Trap Vegetation Line (A–K) defined Management Plan of the Geotextile Sand Mr Ian Daniels/ waterline) Spur Groyne ‘Top’ and ‘Toe’ of coordinates (2007–2017) Container Groyne – Mr Matthew Donaldson sand dune RL’s Conventional and 2013. Post construction Horizontal Datum is Seafloor GPS Surveys monitoring is ongoing. Map Grid of Key structures, for Australia (MGA94) example Limestone Seawall and footpath Vertical Datum is (Department of Parks Australian Height and Wildlife); Datum (AHD) Geotextile Sand Container Groyne (City of Rockingham); Limestone Spur Groyne and Breakwater (City of Rockingham) Bank Volume Survey, City of Rockingham Sand Stockpile Little Penguins Monitoring the health Penguin Island, Penguin movements GPS satellite tags Murdoch University Annually 2012 Dr Belinda Cannell, Data available on request, and resilience of Little Cockburn Sound, Duration of feeding Monitoring nest research standards Murdoch University subject to permission from Penguins and the marine Warnbro Sound journeys boxes Murdoch University environment they Sea Surface Natalie Elliott, Coordinator occupy Temperature Sustainability and Breeding success Environment
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Table 4. Curtin University of Technology (Contact Person: Director, Curtin Marine and Coastal Research Network). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced on Behalf of Fish and seafloor Predicting the Jervoise Bay Fish presence Echo‐sounder Not Applicable Ad hoc May 2016 As part of PhD study None yet available habitats distribution of fish Depth Underwater video Seafloor habitat
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Table 5. Australian Department of Defence (Contact Person: Mark Sweetman). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Annual monitoring of Monitor breeding Careening Bay, Garden Burrow locations Onsite monitoring/ In line with State and Regular monitoring 2001 Dr Belinda Cannell Detailed information is Little Penguin colony success, general health Island Penguins in each field visits to the Commonwealth ethics through the breeding (University of Western subject to Intellectual and nesting locations of burrow penguin colony to approvals and permits season Australia) Property with the Little Penguin colony on make observations and researcher. Limited Chicks/eggs in each Garden Island obtain data. summary information burrow Burrowscope used may be available if Moulting status and when required. researcher is in stage of adults agreement. Overall health of penguins Mass, head length, beak length and beak depth of some birds (not all) Annual Water Quality To provide data to the Garden Island sites As per the State of the As per the State of the As per the State of the As per the State of the Murdoch University’s Data provided to the Monitoring CSMC to meet the along east coast as per Sound reporting Sound reporting Sound reporting Sound reporting Marine and Freshwater CSMC in line with formal requirements of the the State of the Sound requirements requirements requirements requirements Research Laboratory correspondence State of the Sound reporting (MAFRL) regarding data sharing. reporting Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Annual Seagrass To provide data to the Garden Island sites As per the State of the As per the State of the As per the State of the As per the State of the MAFRL Data provided to the Monitoring CSMC to meet the along east coast as per Sound reporting Sound reporting Sound reporting Sound reporting CSMC in line with formal requirements of the the State of the Sound requirements requirements requirements requirements correspondence State of the Sound reporting regarding data sharing. reporting Refer to Figure 7 Annual bacterial To provide data to the Garden Island sites As per the State of the As per the State of the As per the State of the As per the State of the MAFRL Data provided directly monitoring of CSMC to meet the along east coast as per Sound reporting Sound reporting Sound reporting Sound reporting from Department of recreational swimming requirements of the the State of the Sound requirements requirements requirements and requirements Health to CSMC. Data to beaches State of the Sound reporting Department of Health be used in line with reporting Program formal correspondence Refer to Figure 5 regarding data sharing. Potential Marine Pest To monitor for potential Careening Bay, Parkin Sampling for the Boat based (trawls, Monitoring Plan Arrays – quarterly 2012 (some monitoring Department of Fisheries Limited summary Monitoring marine pests in the Point, Ammunition presence of marine nets) prepared by Dive/boat based undertaken in 2010– information is available waters surrounding Wharf pests Dive based Department of Fisheries work – annually 2011 by Department of for use in CSMC reports. Garden Island in line with the National Fisheries direct) Full reports may be (observations and System for the provided to the CSMC taking samples) Prevention and Coordinator by formal Shore based Management of request. (observations and Introduced Marine Pests taking samples) (IMPs) Monitoring arrays (samples)
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Table 6. Department of Environment Regulation/Cockburn Sound Management Council (Contact Person: Coordinator, Cockburn Sound Management Council). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Water Quality To meet the monitoring 18 sites in Cockburn Chlorophyll a Depth integrated Manual of Standard Approximately weekly Monitoring at some sites Murdoch University’s State of Cockburn Monitoring and reporting Sound and two Nutrients water sample Operating Procedures for on 16 occasions over commenced in 1983 Marine and Freshwater Sound reports are requirements of the reference sites in (ammonium, nitrate Depth integrated Environmental the non river‐flow (additional sites Research Laboratory available on the CSMC State Environmental Warnbro Sound + nitrite, filterable water sample and Monitoring against the period (December– incorporated since that (MAFRL); Mr Kris website (Cockburn Sound) Policy reactive phosphorus, discrete surface Cockburn Sound March) time) Wienczugow Data/data reports Refer to Figure 1 and total nitrogen, total and bottom Environmental Quality available on request Figure 2 phosphorus) samples at two Criteria (EPA 2005) from Total suspended sites [email protected]. solids and Depth integrated particulate organic water sample carbon Sea‐Bird Electronics Physical‐chemical SBE19plusV2 parameters: vertical profiling temperature, Conductivity‐ salinity, pH, Temperature‐ turbidity, dissolved Depth (CTD) oxygen, fluorescence Secchi disc Secchi disc depth Simultaneous Light attenuation measurement using two underwater light sensors (1 m and 7 m below surface) Seagrass Health To meet the monitoring 11 sites in Cockburn Shoot density Counts in Manual of Standard Annually (generally in Current program The Western Australian State of Cockburn Monitoring and reporting Sound Shoot height permanent Operating Procedures for January–February) commenced 2003–2006; Marine Science Sound reports are requirements of the Five sites outside Percent (%) cover quadrats Environmental historical monitoring Institution (WAMSI); available on the CSMC State Environmental Cockburn Sound Lower Depth Limit Measurements in Monitoring against the undertaken since 1994 Prof. Gary website (Cockburn Sound) Policy Four depth transect and depth along permanent Cockburn Sound Kendrick/Dr Michael Recent data reports sites (Garden Island depth transects quadrats Environmental Quality Rule available on the CSMC North and South, Photograph of Criteria (EPA 2005) website Woodman Point, quadrat and point Data available on Warnbro Sound) count analysis request from Five reference sites in Field [email protected] Warnbro Sound measurements along transect line Refer to Figure 7
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Table 7. Department of Fisheries (Contact Person: Dr Shaun Meredith). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Garden Island Early Surveillance of introduced Four sites within Temperature (see Shoreline surveys Unpublished Seasonally (every 2012 Marine Biosecurity Unpublished Report Warning Surveillance marine pests Department of Defence Crab Monitoring) Passive arrays internal three months) Research and Monitoring port area at Garden Introduced Pest Crab traps Department of Section – Dr Justin Island – details presence/absence Crab condos Fisheries Standard Crab traps and McDonald contained in only In situ data loggers Operating shoreline every six unpublished reports (please refer to Crab Procedure (SOP) months (summer– (see Additional Monitoring data) winter) Information column of this table) Garden Island National Surveillance of introduced Four sites within Temperature (see Crab traps Australian Marine Once a year (February) 2012 Marine Biosecurity Unpublished Report Introduced Marine Pest marine pests Department of Defence Crab Monitoring) Benthic sleds Pest Monitoring Research and Monitoring Monitoring port area at Garden Introduced Pest Beam trawls Guidelines Version Section – Dr Justin Island, plus one presence/absence Phytoplankton and 2.0 McDonald additional site at the only zooplankton tows (Commonwealth of Ammunitions Jetty – Subtidal infrastructure Australia 2009) details contained in surveys unpublished reports Shoreline searches Unpublished (see Additional Internal Information column of Department of this table) Fisheries SOP Port of Fremantle Surveillance of introduced Four sub‐localities Introduced Pest Crab traps Australian Marine Once a year (March– 2011 Marine Biosecurity Unpublished Reports – National Introduced marine pests within Cockburn Sound presence/absence only Benthic sleds Pest Monitoring April) Research and Monitoring AUFRE PIR 2013 Marine Pest Monitoring – details contained in Beam trawls Guidelines Version Section – Dr Justin unpublished reports Phytoplankton and 2.0 McDonald PIR AUFRE 2015 (see Additional zooplankton tows (Commonwealth of Information column of Subtidal infrastructure Australia 2009) this table) surveys Shoreline searches Department of Fisheries SOP Port of Fremantle Early Surveillance of introduced Six sites within Introduced Pest Shoreline surveys Unpublished Seasonally (every three 2013 Marine Biosecurity Unpublished Reports – Warning System marine pests Cockburn Sound – presence/absence only Passive arrays internal months) Research and Monitoring SA FPA 2012 final draft details contained in Crab traps Department of Section – Dr Justin unpublished reports Crab condos Fisheries SOP Crab traps and McDonald FPA final report 2011–12 (see Additional shoreline every six Information column of months (summer– EWS Fremantle final report this table) winter) 2013–14
FPA annual report 2015 West Coast Nearshore Monitoring of nearshore Jetski Beach, Mangles Temperature Handheld Refer to Fisheries Over five months 1994 Nearshore/Estuarine Fisheries Research Reports Finfish Monitoring finfish species as part of Bay – details contained Salinity temperature/salinity Research Reports between September– Finfish Section – Dr Kim 246, 247, 248 the management regime in Fisheries Research Finfish abundance probe and relevant Status January each year Handheld Smith for the Cockburn Sound Reports (see Additional Blue Swimmer Crab Beach Seine Netting Reports of the temperature and Status Reports of the (Fish Net) Managed Information column of abundance (Trawl surveys – as Fisheries and One day per month salinity data collected Fisheries and Aquatic Fishery, and West coast this table) Herring skeletons part of Blue Swimmer Aquatic Resources 2005 Resources (SRFAR) – see Nearshore Estuarine Finfish (from commercial Crab Sampling) (SRFAR) section for Environmental data pages 65–81 in 2014–2015 Resource fishers) Statutory logbook details (see collected after each Commercial Catch returns Additional seine (since 2005) and Effort Information column of this table) West Coast Demersal Monitoring of demersal Numerous sites, see Pink Snapper egg Baited Remote Video Refer to Fisheries Annual surveys Biological 2002 West Coast Demersal Fisheries Research Reports Scalefish Monitoring finfish species as part of details contained in abundance (BRUV) surveys Research Reports, Finfish Section – Dr David 174, 181, 186, 187, 191, the Cockburn Sound (Line Fisheries Research Pink Snapper Finfish tag and release peer reviewed Tagging and egg BRUV sampling 2009 Fairclough 250, 261 and Pot) Managed Fishery Reports and peer journal articles, and surveys conducted in
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Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) reviewed publications tagging sampling relevant SRFAR November spawning Temperature and Wakefield C.B. (2010). (see Additional Finfish abundance Ichthyoplankton section for details period, one day every salinity data Annual, lunar and diel Information column of Juvenile sampling (Bongo Net) (see Additional year associated with egg reproductive periodicity of a this table) recruitment (Trawl surveys – as Information column sampling from 2002 spawning aggregation of (a) Map showing location of sites (b) Map showing locations where Skeletons from part of Blue Swimmer of this table) BRUV sampling (2005 and 2009 snapper Pagrus auratus sampled for Pink Snapper egg BRUVs are deployed recreational fishers Crab sampling) conducted once missing) (Sparidae) in a marine abundance Commercial Catch Statutory logbook annually (April–May) embayment on the lower and Effort returns west coast of Australia. Monthly logbook Journal of Fish Biology 77, returns 1359‐1378.
Wakefield C.B., Fairclough D.V., Lenanton R.C.J. and Potter I.C. (2011). Spawning and nursery habitat partitioning and movement patterns of Pagrus auratus (Sparidae) on the lower west coast of Australia. Fisheries Research 109, 243‐251.
Breheny N.B., Beckley L.E. and Wakefield C.B. (2012). Ichthyoplankton assemblages associated with pink snapper (Pagrus auratus) spawning aggregations in coastal embayments of southwestern Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 95, 103–114.
Wakefield C.B., Lewis P.D., Coutts T.B., Fairclough D.V. and Langlois T.J. (2013). Fish assemblages associated with natural and anthropogenically‐modified habitats in a marine embayment: Comparison of baited videos and opera‐ house traps. PLOS ONE. http://journals.plos.org/plos one/article?id=10.1371%2Fj ournal.pone.0059959
SRFAR – see pages 84‐95 in 2014–2015 Cockburn Sound Blue Monitoring of Blue Details contained in Temperature In situ temperature Refer to Fisheries Monthly during Commercial crab Crab Section – Dr SRFAR – see pages 55–64 in Swimmer Crab Swimmer Crab as part of Fisheries Research (logger) (Refer to data loggers Research Reports spawning (September– monitoring 1999 Danielle Johnson 2014–2015 Monitoring the Cockburn Sound Crab Reports (see Additional Figure 2) Hand held sensor and relevant SRFAR December) and Fishery and West Coast Information column of Temperature Otter Trawl surveys section for details recruitment (March– Independent breeding
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Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Blue Swimmer Crab Fishery this table) (handheld) Commercial Crab Pot (see Additional August) period stock 2001 Dissolved Oxygen surveys Information column annually (handheld) Statutory logbook of this table) Independent juvenile pH (handheld) returns In situ data loggers trawls 2002 Salinity (handheld) collect data hourly, Sea Surface other ad SST data 2010–2014 Temperature (SST) hoc/occasional water (NOAA) quality sampling as Hand held data 2007– Blue Swimmer Crab detailed in next 2010 (large gaps in juvenile abundance column data set) Blue Swimmer Crab adult abundance Monthly deployment In situ data loggers Commercial Catch of commercial crab 2007 (two sites have and Effort pots been discontinued)
Monthly logbook Sporadic sounder returns temperature measurements 2001– 2006 Octopus Fishery Monitoring as part of the Details contained in Commercial Catch and Statutory logbook returns Refer to Fisheries Monthly logbook 2001 Mollusc Section – Dr Fisheries Research Report Monitoring Cockburn Sound (Line and Fisheries Research Effort Research Reports returns Anthony Hart 270 Pot) Managed Fishery and Reports (see Additional and relevant SRFAR the Octopus Fishery Information column of section for details SRFAR – see pages 96–100 Management this table) (see Additional in 2014–2015 Information column of this table) Shark Hazard Monitoring for shark Details contained in Movement Passive acoustic Refer to Fisheries Daily monitoring by 2009 Shark Section – Dr Rory Fisheries Research Report Monitoring biology and hazard Fisheries Research telemetry Research Reports acoustic data loggers McAuley 273 mitigation Reports (see Additional (see Additional Information column of Information column this table) of this table) State‐Wide Monitoring of state‐wide Details contained in Recreational fishing Boat ramp surveys Refer to Fisheries Two yearly (after 2011) 1996 Fisheries Research Reports Recreational Fishing recreational boat based Fisheries Research effort Phone surveys Research Reports 117, 177, 224, 249, 268 fishing effort Reports (see Additional Boat ramp surveys (see Additional Occasional sampling Information column of Information column prior to 2011–2012 Fisheries Contract Report 23 this table) of this table) sampling (detailed in Fisheries Research Reports)
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Table 8. Department of Health (Contact Person: Tracey Stamp). Objective/Purpose of Standard Used Frequency and Timing of When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Additional Information Monitoring Program Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Western Australia To minimise the level of 10 monitoring sites 10 microbiological Water sample WASQAP/Australian 13 times per year at Pre‐2004 Glenn Dibbin Industry All results contained in Cockburn Shellfish Quality risk and protect the health based in two areas of water sampling sites Shellfish Quality Kwinana Grain Terminal Representative Sound Shellfish Harvesting Area – Assurance Program of consumers from Cockburn Sound (Total coliforms, Assurance Program and six times per year at Annual Reviews (annual reviews (WASQAP) – shellfish foodborne illness (Kwinana Grain thermotolerant (ASQAP) Southern Flats, with available for 2013, 2014 and (mussel) monitoring Terminal and coliforms, E.coli) sampling spread over the 2015). Reports available on Southern Flats) (refer year request. to map below and Figure 6) Two water Depth WASQAP/ASQAP Twice monthly Pre‐2004 Glenn Dibbin Industry All results contained in Cockburn phytoplankton integrated Representative Sound Shellfish Harvesting Area – monitoring sites – water sample Annual Reviews (annual reviews micro‐algae species available for 2013, 2014 and enumerated as per 2015). Reports available on Marine Biotoxin request. Monitoring and Management Plan Three Mussel sample WASQAP/ASQAP 13 times per year at Pre‐2004 Glenn Dibbin Industry All results contained in Cockburn microbiological flesh Kwinana Grain Terminal Representative Sound Shellfish Harvesting Area – sampling sites and six times per year at Annual Reviews (annual reviews (Aerobic Plate Count Southern Flats, with available for 2013, 2014 and and E.coli) sampling spread over the 2015). Reports available on year request. Two biotoxin flesh Mussel sample Food Standards Monthly Prior to April 2016, Glenn Dibbin Industry monitoring sites Code monitoring for biotoxin Representative (Amnesic shellfish levels in flesh samples poisoning was only when [ASP]/Diarrhoetic phytoplankton trigger shellfish poisoning levels had been exceeded. [DSP]/Paralytic During May 2015 and shellfish poisoning April 2016 quarterly [PSP]) monitoring was undertaken. Since May 2016 it is a requirement for monthly biotoxin testing. Chemicals (copper, Mussel sample Annually (during summer) Pre‐2004 Glenn Dibbin Industry zinc, cadmium, lead, Representative mercury and total arsenic, organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls [PCBs])
Bacterial Water Quality To classify the health risk 10 sites: Jervoise Bay Enterococci (in some Water sample Fortnightly Seasonal Established in the 1960s City of Rockingham, City Site classification summaries Monitoring Program associated with popular Beach, Naval Base, instances E.coli) (grab sample) (November–May) of Kwinana, City of published on Department of for Recreational primary contact (for Kwinana Beach, Infrequent/occasional/ Cockburn and Health website Waters example swimming) Rockingham Jetty, sporadic/ response Department of Defence recreational sites and to Palm Beach Jetty, monitoring (May– inform the community North Hymus Street, November) Cliff Head, Pig Trough Bay, Herring Cove,
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Objective/Purpose of Standard Used Frequency and Timing of When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Additional Information Monitoring Program Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Camp Markum
Six reference sites: Jervoise Bay – Boat Ramp, CBH Jetty, Rockingham Beach, Palm Beach, Education Department Camp, John Point
Refer to Figure 5
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Table 9. Fremantle Ports (Contact Person: Denis Doak). Frequency and Monitoring Objective/Purpose of When Monitoring Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Timing of Undertaken by and Additional Information Monitoring Program Commenced Monitoring Team Leader(s) Water Quality Assess the impacts Kwinana Bulk Terminal Temperature Profiles using a Australian and New Annually from 2001 BMT Oceanica and Data available annually Monitoring to the environment Salinity Seabird 19 Multi‐ Zealand Guidelines for February–March Murdoch University’s from May–June Site Easting Northing of various Port‐ Dissolved Oxygen probe Logger Fresh and Marine Water Marine and Freshwater related activities KBT1 383575 6435777 pH Secchi disc Quality Research Laboratory Satisfy the KBT2 383178 6435540 Secchi disc depth Surface (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000) (MAFRL) requirements of KBT3 383349 6435488 Total suspended (approximately 0.5 m below The State Environmental ISO 14001 solids surface) samples (Cockburn Sound) Policy; Integrate and Kwinana Bulk Jetty Nutrients (total (all parameters) and Environmental Quality support existing nitrogen, total Site Easting Northing bottom Criteria Reference environmental phosphorus, (approximately Document for Cockburn monitoring carried KBJ1 382783 6432386 ammonium, nitrate 0.5 m from seabed) Sound (EPA 2015) out by other KBJ2 383178 6432179 + nitrite, filterable samples (nutrients) agencies reactive KBJ3 383349 6431899 Meet current phosphorus)
environmental Dissolved organic Refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 licence carbon and Figure 3 requirements Alkalinity Chlorophyll a, b, c and phaeophytin Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) Dissolved copper Sediment Monitoring Assess the impacts Kwinana Bulk Terminal and Total Kjeldahl Diver collected Australian and New Annually from 2001 BMT Oceanica and Data available annually to the environment Kwinana Bulk Jetty Nitrogen, Total sediment cores Zealand Guidelines for February–March MAFRL from May–June of various Port‐ Phosphorus (100 mm diameter). Fresh and Marine Water related activities Refer to Figure 4 Total Organic Five cores collected Quality Satisfy the Carbon within same square (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000) requirements of Arsenic, Cadmium, metre. Top 2 cm ISO 14001 Chromium, Copper, from each core The State Environmental Lead, Mercury, separated and (Cockburn Sound) Policy; Integrate and Zinc, Selenium homogenised to Environmental Quality support existing make up one Criteria Reference environmental Organotins (TBT, composite sample. Document for Cockburn monitoring carried DBT, MBT) One composite Sound (EPA 2015) out by other Polycyclic Aromatic sample collected at agencies Hydrocarbons each site. Meet current (PAH) Each core environmental Total Petroleum photographed and licence Hydrocarbons (TPH) described (colour, requirements type of sediment,
oxidation layer, presence biota) Sentinel Mussels Assess the impacts Kwinana Bulk Terminal and Inorganic Arsenic, Sentinel mussels Australian and New Annually from 2001 BMT Oceanica and Data available annually to the environment Kwinana Bulk Jetty Cadmium, (50 – 90 mm Zealand Guidelines for February–March MAFRL from May–June of various Port‐ Chromium, Copper, length) deployed Fresh and Marine Water related activities Refer to Figure 6 Lead, Mercury, on mussel lines in Quality Satisfy the Zinc, Selenium mesh baskets (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000) Organotins (TBT, suspended
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 22
Frequency and Monitoring Objective/Purpose of When Monitoring Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Timing of Undertaken by and Additional Information Monitoring Program Commenced Monitoring Team Leader(s) requirements of DBT, MBT) approximately 1 m The State Environmental ISO 14001 Polycyclic Aromatic below the surface (Cockburn Sound) Policy; Integrate and Hydrocarbons from a fixed jetty Environmental Quality support existing (PAH) Mussels deployed Criteria Reference environmental for six weeks Document for Cockburn monitoring carried Sound (EPA 2015) out by other agencies Meet current environmental licence requirements Marine Pests Surveillance of Two shoreline search sites Introduced Pest Shoreline searches Department of Fisheries Settlement New format Fremantle The Early Warning introduced marine pests and two array deployment presence/absence Settlement arrays State Wide Array arrays deployed implemented as of Ports/Department of System implemented sites in Cockburn Sound and Next Surveillance Program for August 2016 Fisheries prior to August 2016 Generational Technical Manual approximately Sequencing (Department of Fisheries two month soak 2016) period, twice a year (summer period and winter period) Shoreline searches conducted twice a year at the same time as array collection
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 23
Table 10. Tronox Management Pty Ltd, Tronox Kwinana Pigment Plant (Contact Person: Miranda Robinson). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken by Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced and Team Leader(s) Sediment Monitoring DER licence compliance Site Easting Northing Total organic carbon Sediment cores Australian and New Three‐yearly (last Current program BMT Oceanica Reports are submitted L5320/1988/14 25N 382785 6433123 Particle size distribution (100 mm Zealand Guidelines round 2015) commenced in 2006. to the DER licencing 25S 382787 6433070 Aluminium diameter) for Fresh and Marine Historical monitoring branch as required by collected by Water Quality has occurred since the environmental 25E 382815 6433099 Iron Lead divers (ANZECC/ARMCANZ plant commissioning in licence 25W 382769 6433096 Mercury 2000) ISQG levels 1991. 25NW 382768 6433121 Manganese 50W 382734 6433098 Titanium Environmental 50NW 382763 6433145 Vanadium Quality Criteria Reference Document 200N 382784 6433302 Loss on ignition [LOI] Six‐yearly (last round for Cockburn Sound 200E 382815 6433099 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 2012) (EPA 2005) 200W 382589 6433096 Total Phosphate Antimony Refer to Figure 4 Arsenic Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Nickel Silver Zinc Radium‐226 Radium‐228 Thorium‐228
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 24
Table 11. University of Western Australia (Contact Person: Professor Gary Kendrick, Matthew Fraser). Objective/Purpose of Frequency and Timing When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Monitoring Program Sites Parameters Monitored Method Standard Used Additional Information Monitoring Program of Monitoring Commenced on Behalf of Seagrass health To meet the monitoring 16 potential impact Seagrass shoot Standardised Manual of Standard Annually (generally in Current program The Western Australian State of Cockburn monitoring and reporting sites; 11 in Cockburn density methodology that Operating Procedures January–February) commenced 2003–2006; Marine Science Sound reports are (currently undertaken requirements of the Sound, five sites Seagrass canopy consists of: for Environmental historical monitoring Institution (WAMSI) available on the CSMC by Mr Matthew Fraser, State Environmental outside Cockburn height Counts and Monitoring against undertaken since 1994 (Prof. Gary Kendrick/Dr website Prof. Gary Kendrick (Cockburn Sound) Policy Sound Percent (%) cover measurements in the Cockburn Sound Michael Rule) under a Recent data reports [both University of Five reference sites Lower depth limit of permanent Environmental Quality Service Level Agreement available on the CSMC Western Australia], Dr. in Warnbro Sound seagrass meadows quadrats Criteria (EPA 2005) with the Department of website Michael Rule Four depth transect at depth transects Photograph of Environment Regulation Data available on [Department of Parks sites (Garden Island quadrat and point request from and Wildlife]) North and South, count analysis [email protected] Warnbro Sound, and Field measurements Woodman Point) along transect line
Refer to Figure 7
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 25
Table 12. Water Corporation (Contact Person: Laura Chidgzey). Objective/Purpose of Parameters Frequency and When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Additional Monitoring Program Sites Method Standard Used Monitoring Program Monitored Timing of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Information Routine Water To observe if there are any 50H 380136 6431053 Depth profiling for: A calibrated handheld Refer to Murdoch July 2015–Current: Operational marine MAFRL; Mr Kris Data Quality Monitoring irregular changes in water Water Corporation site reference: South (the Temperature Seabird logger University’s Quarterly (January, monitoring Wienczugow available on quality historical location of the Southern RTMS Salinity Marine and April, July, October) commenced in request station). This site is in deep water in the Conductivity Freshwater 2006 from the To fulfil obligations of southern part of the Sound and was used for Dissolved oxygen Research June 2014–June Water Ministerial Statement calibration of real‐time sensors and for (percent [%] and Laboratory 2015: Monthly Corporation Number 655 response monitoring based on low dissolved milligrams per (MAFRL) oxygen trigger. Data are still collected from this litre) December 2010–May location to observe irregular changes and to 2014: Fortnightly and record seasonal patterns. (Refer to adjacent during low DO events map for site locations and Figure 2) Pre‐December 2010: 50H 377680 6437341 weekly/fortnightly Water Corporation site reference: Central (the and during low historical location of the Central RTMS station). Dissolved Oxygen This site is in deep water in the central part of events the Sound and was used for calibration of real‐ time sensors and for response monitoring based on low dissolved oxygen trigger. Data are still collected from this location to observe irregular changes and to record seasonal patterns.
50H 377334 6444407 Water Corporation site reference: Parmelia. A historical location used to monitor dissolved oxygen in shallow water as a reference site for water just outside the Sound.
50H 379071 6446878 Water Corporation site reference: OA2. A deep water reference site in Owen Anchorage which is designed to show natural dissolved oxygen variation in a reference embayment location outside of Cockburn Sound. This site is a historical water quality site for Owen Anchorage that has previously been monitored by the CSMC.
50H 383769 6436757 Water Corporation site reference: DIFF50W. Site added in June 2014 which is 50 m west, off the end of the diffuser. Used to calibrate against online seawater intake monitors onsite.
Redundant sites. Data collection ceased in June 2014. ‐ Causeway: 50 H 377927 6431583 ‐ North RTMS location: 50 H 377175 6441257 Real‐time, online Seawater quality Seawater Intake Building at the Perth Seawater pH Onsite instrumentation Instruments are Continuous during 2006 proAlliance staff Data water quality determines the level of pre‐ Desalination Plant Conductivity which feeds into the site’s calibrated to Plant operation available on monitoring of Intake treatment required to Turbidity SCADA system Australian request
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 26
Objective/Purpose of Parameters Frequency and When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Additional Monitoring Program Sites Method Standard Used Monitoring Program Monitored Timing of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Information Seawater ensure optimal Oxidation Reducing Standards from the performance of the reverse Potential (ORP) Water osmosis system and to Hydrocarbons Corporation prevent fouling and scaling Temperature Oxygen Silt Density Index (SDI) Laboratory water Seawater quality Seawater Intake Building at the Perth Seawater Bacteria Samples are collected by Standard Weekly sampling 2006 Sample collection by Data quality analysis of determines the level of pre‐ Desalination Plant proAlliance staff using Methods for the proAlliance staff, available on intake seawater treatment required to the Water Corporation’s Examination of analysis by external request ensure optimal internal sampling Water and laboratory from the performance of the reverse procedures which Wastewater – Water osmosis system and to incorporate APHA AWWA Corporation prevent fouling and scaling requirements from the WEF Australian Standard for Water Quality Sampling (AS/NZS 5667.1:1998) and the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (21st edition) Samples couriered to an external National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) registered laboratory for analysis Laboratory water Seawater quality Seawater Intake Building at the Perth Seawater Phytoplankton Samples are collected by Standard Monthly sampling 2006 Sample collection by Data quality analysis of determines the level of pre‐ Desalination Plant proAlliance staff using Methods for the proAlliance staff, available on intake seawater treatment required to the Water Corporation’s Examination of analysis by external request ensure optimal internal sampling Water and laboratory from the performance of the reverse procedures which Wastewater – Water osmosis system and to incorporate APHA AWWA Corporation prevent fouling and scaling requirements from the WEF Australian Standard for Water Quality Sampling (AS/NZS 5667.1:1998) and the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (21st edition) Samples couriered to an external NATA registered laboratory for analysis Laboratory water Seawater quality Seawater Intake Building at the Perth Seawater Hydrocarbons Samples are collected by Standard Quarterly sampling 2006 Sample collection by Data quality analysis of determines the level of pre‐ Desalination Plant Nutrients proAlliance staff using Methods for the proAlliance staff, available on intake seawater treatment required to Antimony the Water Corporation’s Examination of analysis by external request ensure optimal Cadmium internal sampling Water and laboratory from the performance of the reverse Copper procedures which Wastewater – Water osmosis system and to Chromium incorporate APHA AWWA Corporation prevent fouling and scaling Lead requirements from the WEF Australian Standard for
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 27
Objective/Purpose of Parameters Frequency and When Monitoring Monitoring Undertaken Additional Monitoring Program Sites Method Standard Used Monitoring Program Monitored Timing of Monitoring Commenced by and Team Leader(s) Information Nickel Water Quality Sampling Zinc (AS/NZS 5667.1:1998) Arsenic and the Standard Barium Methods for the Beryllium Examination of Water Boron and Wastewater (21st Mercury edition). Molybdenum External NATA Selenium registered laboratory Silver Uranium pH Conductivity Colour Alkalinity Aluminium Calcium Filterable Organic Carbon Hardness Iron Magnesium Manganese Potassium Silicon Sulfur Sulfate Turbidity Bromine Fluorine Suspended solids Total filterable solids Laboratory water Seawater quality Seawater Intake Building at the Perth Seawater Iodine Samples are collected by Standard Annual sampling 2006 Sample collection by Data quality analysis of determines the level of pre‐ Desalination Plant Cyanide proAlliance staff using Methods for the proAlliance staff, available on intake seawater treatment required to Pesticides the Water Corporation’s Examination of analysis by external request ensure optimal internal sampling Water and laboratory from the performance of the reverse procedures which Wastewater – Water osmosis system and to incorporate APHA AWWA Corporation prevent fouling and scaling requirements from the WEF Australian Standard for Water Quality Sampling (AS/NZS 5667.1:1998) and the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (21st edition). External NATA registered laboratory
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 28
Table 13. Monitoring required by conditions of Ministerial Statements issued under Part IV of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 relating to discharges to Cockburn Sound. Ministerial Proposal/Proponent Statement Condition Monitoring Requirements/Commitments Other Information Number
6. Marine Environment Plan to address specific measures to monitor: o cooling water effluent temperature; The Marine Environment Temperature Elevation Kwinana Gas‐Fired o mixing performance of the diffuser to the edge of the near‐field mixing Management Plan (amended September 2014) provides Power Station (Water‐ 698 6‐7, 6‐8, 6‐9, 6‐10. Marine Environment zone; and information on the monitoring of temperature limits cooled Condenser) (November Temperature Elevation Management Plan o temperature elevation field in Cockburn Sound. (Section 7.1), diffuser performance (Section 7.2) and
2005) Monitoring plan to be in accordance with the Manual of Standard Operating temperature elevations (Section 7.3). The Management NewGen Power Kwinana Procedures 2005 which supports the State Environmental (Cockburn Sound) Plan is available at: Pty Ltd Policy 2005, and its updates. http://newgenpowerkwinana.com.au/environment.html Measure free chlorine residual concentrations at the discharge and at the edge 6.12. Measurement of free chlorine residual of the near‐field mixing zone under representative range of known plant concentrations operating conditions and biocide dosing regimes. 655 Perth Metropolitan (July 2004) Monitoring to include dissolved oxygen levels of the bottom waters (defined as Desalination Plant 8. Marine water quality less than or equal to 0.5 m above the seabed) and other parameters related to Not Applicable
832 dissolved oxygen levels. Water Corporation (June 2010) Environmental Management Commitment The Environmental Management Plan will address monitoring and management 2. Environmental Management of effluent discharge to Cockburn Sound. Discharge to Cockburn Sound of wastewaters which permit the maintenance of environmental quality objectives of the receiving waters, outside the Staged Expansion of mixing zone. Tiwest Pigment Plant Conduct further investigations to better define extent of enrichment of 452 metals in marine sediments adjacent to outfall and address likely Not Applicable (June 1997) Environmental Management Commitments Tronox Management Pty consequences of increased discharge resulting from proposed expansion. 15–17. Wastewater Discharge Ltd Report of findings of investigations submitted to Department Environmental Protection by 1 February 1998. In event monitoring results demonstrate increasing trend with potential to cause unacceptable impact to the marine environment, undertake appropriate investigations and, if necessary, corrective measures. Kwinana Ammonia Project 648 (April 2004) CSBP Limited Ammonium Nitrate Production Facility 689 CSBP Limited normally discharges wastewater to the Expansion (September Wastewater discharged through the Cape Peron Outlet managed under Ministerial Statement Number 665. SDOOL. In emergency situations or unavailability of the 2005) SDOOL, CSBP Limited discharges to Cockburn Sound. CSBP Limited Water quality discharge limits are managed under a Part V Licence issued under the Environmental Protection Act 1986. Ammonium Nitrate Production Expansion 875 Project: Phase 2 (October 2011)
CSBP Limited
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 29
Table 14. Monitoring required by conditions of licences granted by the Department of Environment Regulation under Part V of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 relating to discharges to Cockburn Sound. Premises/Company Licence Number Condition Discharge Authorised/Parameters Monitored Other Information Cockburn Power Station 2.3.1 Emission points to surface water Cooling water to Cockburn Sound No. 1 2.3.2 Point source emission limits to surface water L7860/2003/5 Total residual chlorine Not Applicable Electricity Generation 3.3.1 Monitoring of point source emissions to surface water Temperature and Retail Corporation 2.3.1 Emission points to surface water Cooling water and reverse osmosis wastewater to Cockburn Sound Temperature 2.3.2 Point source emission limits to surface water Residual chlorine 2.3.3 Management actions Temperature Kwinana Power Station pH
L5366/1972/14 Total phosphorus, filterable reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium ion Not Applicable Electricity Generation nitrogen and Retail Corporation Total residual chlorine 3.3.1 Monitoring of point source emissions to surface water Metals (aluminium, arsenic, cadmium total chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel and zinc) Temperature Volume of wastewater discharged Kwinana Gas‐Fired Power Seawater used for cooling 2.3.1 Emission points to surface water Plant Wastewater treatment plant wastewater L8271/2008/1 2.3.2 Point source emission limits to surface water Residual chlorine Not Applicable NewGen Power Kwinana Residual chlorine 2.3.1 Monitoring of point source emissions to surface water Pty Ltd Temperature Perth Seawater 1. Discharge to water Brine Desalination Plant 2. Monitoring condition L8108/2004/4 Not Applicable 3. Monitoring condition Total volume and daily average flow of desalination effluent and brine Water Corporation Water quality (physicochemical, carbon, nutrients, total suspended solids, biological response, organics) Kwinana Bulk Terminal 9 and 10. Cockburn Sound monitoring and reporting Mussels (metals) L4476/1984/12 Not Applicable Sediment (metals) Fremantle Port Authority 11. Emissions Washwater and stormwater Water quality (physicochemical, carbon, nutrients, total suspended solids, biological response, organics) Kwinana Bulk Jetty 7 and 8. Cockburn Sound monitoring and reporting Mussels (metals) L4474/1976/14 Not Applicable Sediment (metals) Fremantle Port Authority 9. Emissions Washwater and stormwater Temperature M1. Cooling water monitoring requirements Total hydrocarbons Chlorine Temperature M3. Cooling water discharge limits Total hydrocarbons Total hydrocarbons BP Refinery (Kwinana) Pty Ltd normally Nitrogen discharges the process wastewater via BP Refinery (Kwinana) L5938/1967/12 Phenolics the SDOOL. However, there is still the Pty Ltd Sulfides option in case of emergency to pH discharge to Cockburn Sound. M4. Process wastewater monitoring requirements Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Fluoride Heavy metals
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 30
Premises/Company Licence Number Condition Discharge Authorised/Parameters Monitored Other Information pH Volume Total hydrocarbons Nitrogen Phenolics Sulfides M5. Process wastewater discharge limits and requirements pH COD BOD TSS Fluoride Heavy metals 31. Wastewater discharge point Process wastewater to submarine outfall via settling ponds Flow pH Tronox Kwinana Pigment 32‐35. Wastewater monitoring requirements Suspended solids Plant Metals Not Applicable L5320/1988/14 Total nitrogen Tronox Management Pty Suspended solids Ltd 36. Discharge limits pH Manganese Latest marine monitoring report by 37. Sediment monitoring program – Cockburn Sound Marine sediment quality in accordance with documented plan BMT Oceanica, June 2015 Process wastewater via diffuser at end of sub‐marine pipeline to Cockburn Sound or emergency beach M2. Marine discharges outfall to Cockburn Sound CSBP Limited normally discharges M3. Monitoring program for emergency marine discharges Volume wastewater to the SDOOL. In CSBP Limited L6107/1967/17 M4. Monitoring program for discharge via the submarine pH emergency situations or unavailability pipeline or to SDOOL Total inorganic nitrogen, orthophosphate of SDOOL, CSBP Limited discharges to Aluminium, arsenic (inorganic), cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, free cyanide, fluoride, iron, lead, Cockburn Sound. M6. Discharge Limits manganese, MDEA, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium and zinc The last time Water Corporation had Woodman Point Treated effluent only discharged during routine maintenance or emergency situations, in order of priority, to use the emergency outfalls, it Wastewater Treatment to: monitored the water quality of the Plant L4201/1991/11 2.3.1 Emission points to surface water Woodman Point Ocean Outlet; and area surrounding its emergency
Jervoise Bay Ocean Outlet. outfalls, mainly from a public health Water Corporation point of view.
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 31
3. Research and Investigative Studies in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area
3.1 Summary of Research and Investigative Studies in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area The current and recent (previous three years) research and investigative studies undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area and the organisations responsible for undertaking and/or supporting these studies are summarised in Table 15. For further information on the research and investigative studies refer to the metadata in Section 3.2.
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 32
Table 15. Summary of current and recent research and investigative studies undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area.
Marine Seagrass Fish Mammals
Budgets
Hazards
of
information
Events Dynamics
Mitigation
Tools
Impacts Infrastructure
Trends/Nutrient
Acidification
further Biology/Ecology
and of
Archaeology
For
Ecosystem Weather
Decline Change/ Communities Ocean
Vulnerability/Coastal
Forecasting Ecology/Biology Monitoring Quality
Cycling/Sequestration
of of
term ‐ Kills
Behaviour/Ecology/Biology/Genetics Distribution Fish Dolphin Dolphin Ocean Coastal Climate Extreme Maritime Contaminants Assessment Environmental Assessment Water Biology/Ecology/Genetics Drivers Carbon Effects Long Restoration Benthic Invertebrate Cockburn Sound Management Council X X X X X Department of Fisheries X X X City of Cockburn X LandCorp X Water Corporation X X X Western Australian Museum X CSIRO X Curtin University of Technology X X X X X X Edith Cowan University X X X Murdoch University X X X X University of Western Australia X X X X
Notes: 1. The Department of Fisheries provided information on research projects undertaken more than three years ago which is not included in this table. 2. The City of Cockburn provided information on a research project being undertaken at Coogee Beach which is not included in this table.
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 33
3.2 Metadata for Research and Investigative Studies in the Cockburn Sound Marine Area Further information on the current and recent research and investigative studies being undertaken in the Cockburn Sound marine area is provided in:
Table 16 City of Cockburn.
Table 17 Cockburn Sound Management Council.
Table 18 CSIRO.
Table 19 Curtin University of Technology.
Table 20 Department of Fisheries.
Table 21 Edith Cowan University.
Table 22 LandCorp (Western Australian Land Authority) and Cranford Pty Ltd.
Table 23 Murdoch University.
Table 24 University of Western Australia.
Table 25 University of Western Australia/Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority.
Table 26 Water Corporation.
Table 27 Western Australian Museum.
Note that where an organisation has provided information on research that is being undertaken outside the Cockburn Sound marine area but which may be of interest, or historical research or investigative studies, this is also included in the relevant tables.
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 34
Table 16. City of Cockburn (Contact Person: Chris Beaton). Research Undertaken Timeframe/ Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information by and Team Leader(s) Duration of Project Coastal Vulnerability and Cockburn Sound Improve the understanding of the coastal 2010–present The Project covers the Owen Anchorage/Cockburn Sound coastal Further project information is available on the Cockburn Flexible Adaptation Pathways Coastal Alliance (Cities features, processes and hazards of the Owen areas from the South Groyne of Fremantle Harbour to Cape Peron, Sound Coastal Alliance website at: Project of Fremantle, Anchorage/Cockburn Sound coast. Implementation of including the eastern side of Garden Island. www.cockburnsoundcoastalalliance.info Cockburn, Kwinana, Determine the vulnerability of the coast actions to begin in Rockingham and Perth within each coastal compartment based on 2017 Project Reports include: Region NRM); Doug an understanding of current and future Coastal Climate Change Background Report and Vickery, Manager physical changes. Summary Report Infrastructure Services Identify what assets are situated along the Stage 1 – Coastal Vulnerability Study City of Cockburn and Owen Anchorage/Cockburn Sound coast Stage 2 – Coastal Values and Risk Assessment Study Joanna Garcia‐Webb, including the services and functions they Stage 3 – Adaptation Report and Local Government Marina and Coastal provide. Adaptation Plans. Engineering Manager, Identify the ‘value at risk’ of assets City of Cockburn potentially affected by coastal processes and climate change under different timeframes and scenarios. Consult with key stakeholder groups and the community to undertake a detailed analysis of most effective and feasible adaptation options which could include coastal protections, planning instruments and market interventions. Facilitate an understanding of coastal hazards and risk management among key stakeholders and the community. Incorporate the results of the project (scientific information and consultation output) into existing decision making frameworks and physical works being undertaken in the coastal environment. Eco Shark Barrier Fauna and City of Cockburn and The project aims to study the impact of the 3 years (March 2015– The project focuses on the Eco Shark Barrier which is located at the A report will be given to the City of Cockburn every 12 Flora Monitoring (Coogee Murdoch University Eco Shark Barrier on the local fish population. November 2017) northern end of Coogee Beach, south of the Port Coogee months. The final report will be written up as a thesis for Beach) Honours Project student (Joel Chan) It will also study the colonisation rate of both Breakwater, Owen Anchorage. the honours project. The final report will be available to the algae and coral on the Eco Shark Barrier. public. Ten 50 cm X 50 cm quadrats will be installed on each Side (North, West, South) of the Eco Shark Barrier. Five of the 10 will be located inside the Eco Shark Barrier and the other five will be located outside the Eco Shark Barrier. A camera will be used to video each quadrat. The video will be used for algae and coral identification and quantification. A camera will also be used to video fish activity on each side of the Eco Shark Barrier. The footage will be used for fish identification and quantification. The overall general condition of the Eco Shark Barrier will also be recorded using a camera. Environmental conditions such as weather condition, water temperature, salinity, turbidity and pH will be measured and recorded. Sampling and data collection will be conducted once a month and after a major storm event.
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 35
Table 17. Cockburn Sound Management Council (Contact Person: Coordinator, Cockburn Sound Management Council). Research Undertaken Timeframe/ Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information by and Team Leader(s) Duration of Project Coastal Vulnerability and Cockburn Sound To improve the understanding of the Cockburn Initiated 2010, Stage 1 – Coastal Vulnerability Study (completed 2013) Information available at: Flexible Adaptation Pathways Coastal Alliance Sound’s coastal features, processes and implementation to Analysis of coastal processes (metocean and sediment movement) www.cockburnsoundcoastalalliance.info Study hazards. commence 2016 to improve the understanding of existing coastal dynamics. To determine the vulnerability of the coast Assessment of potential changes arising from climate change within each coastal compartment based on an (from present day [2013] to 2110) to determine the vulnerability understanding of current and potential of sections of the coastline to erosion and flooding, taking into physical changes to coastal processes. account local geomorphologic and engineered structures. To identify Cockburn Sound coast’s assets, Stage 2 – Coastal Values and Risk Assessment Study (completed including the services and functions they 2014) provide. Identify the ‘value at risk’ of coastal assets by processes including To identify the ‘value at risk’ of assets climate change. potentially affected by coastal processes and Risk assessment of likelihood and consequence of the identified climate change under different timeframes hazards. and scenarios. First pass assessment of potential adaptation options for the To undertake a detailed analysis of the most coastal assets at risk. effective and feasible adaptation options Stage 3 – Adaptation Plan Development and Review Report which could include coastal protections, (commenced 2015) retreat and planning controls. Refine the adaptation options developed in Stage 2. To facilitate an understanding of coastal Consult interested stakeholder groups and the broader hazards and risk management of those hazards community. among key stakeholders and the community. Identify ongoing monitoring program needs and recommend To inform existing decision making frameworks improvements to local coastal management strategies and plans. and physical works being undertaken along the An independent evaluation of the methodologies and outcomes coast. of Stages 1, 2 and 3. Stage 4 – Implementation and Monitoring Implement the first scheduled adaptation actions identified from Stage 3. Management plan reviews. Initial onground works such as dune vegetation planting in identified areas to increase the system’s resilience to coastal processes. Cockburn Sound Contaminant GHD Review of historical and contemporary February 2013 Review of contaminant loads entering Cockburn Sound and Owen Report: Cockburn Sound Contaminant Review Final Review contaminant loads entering Cockburn Sound, Anchorage to provide a contemporary understanding of Report, GHD (2013) available from addressing a key finding from an audit by the WA contaminant loads entering the system. [email protected] Office of the Auditor General on the environmental Report on changes or trends in contaminant inputs compared to management of Cockburn Sound that total previous contaminant input inventories for Cockburn Sound and contaminant discharges into Cockburn Sound are Owen Anchorage. not monitored. Provide recommendations to address the Office of the Auditor General’s recommendations and findings with respect to contaminant loads. Provide recommendations for general process and structure of a potential environmental risk assessment. Monitoring of Seagrass Murdoch University; Dr Monitoring of Posidonia australis transplants in March 2013 Three mooring scars in Mangles Bay. Report: Monitoring of seagrass transplants into Transplants in Mangles Bay, Mike van Keulen three mooring scares in Mangles Bay. Mooring Numbers of surviving planting units recorded. mooring scars in Mangles Bay, southern Cockburn southern Cockburn Sound scars manually revegetated using sprig transplants Survival of planting units previously monitored in July 2010 (three Sound, March 2013, van Keulen (2013) available in March 2010. months), September 2010 (six months), March 2011 (12 months). from [email protected] Drivers of Seagrass Decline in University of Western To identify the drivers of continued seagrass March–June 2015 12 sites (four in Cockburn Sound/Woodman Point, four in Report: Drivers of Seagrass Decline in Cockburn and Cockburn and Warnbro Sound Australia; Professor decline in Cockburn and Warnbro Sounds, with a Warnbro Sound and four around Garden Island) (refer to map Warnbro Sound, Fraser et al. (2015) available on the Gary Kendrick, Mr focus on the below‐ground stressors on seagrass below). CSMC website. Matthew Fraser meadows, specifically sulfide intrusion from sediments and sediment contaminants (metals).
Cockburn Sound Monitoring and Research Programs (October 2016) 36
Research Undertaken Timeframe/ Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information by and Team Leader(s) Duration of Project
Measurements included seagrass shoot density, biomass and productivity, total sulfur, δ34S isotope ratios, Carbon‐Nitrogen‐ Phosphorus (CNP) content, metal content; water quality (photosynthetically active radiation, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature) and sediment characteristics (organic matter content, phosphorus content, metal content). Light loggers deployed for one month; Conductivity‐Temperature‐ Depth (CTD) loggers deployed for one month. Assessment of Water Column CSIRO; Dr John Keesing, To develop a nitrogen budget for Cockburn Sound 2015–2016 Analysis of spatial and temporal trends in water column nitrogen Report: Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Water Nitrogen Trends in Cockburn Dr Don McFarlane, Dr to determine the relative importance of inputs of concentrations in Cockburn Sound between 1987 and 2013 using Quality Monitoring Data Collected from Cockburn Sound Relative to Existing Mike Donn, Dr Jim nitrogen into Cockburn Sound. CSMC monitoring data. Trends compared to historical and recent Sound and Warnbro Sound between 1982/83 and Loads, Concentrations and Greenwood measurements of loads and fluxes of nitrogen inputs into 2013/14, Keesing et al. (2016) available on the CSMC Fluxes Cockburn Sound. CSIRO will use current projections of submarine website. groundwater discharge input to Cockburn Sound based on the Australian Water Recycling Centre of Excellence project and Other reports will be published on the CSMC website recent measurements of nitrogen loads in marine sediments from as they become available. Cockburn Sound and fluxes of nitrogen from the sediment to the water column, together with historical analyses and accounts of nutrients in Cockburn Sound. Water quality survey to assist in identifying the spatial extent of submarine groundwater discharge into Cockburn Sound. Development of a nitrogen budget for Cockburn Sound.
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Table 18. CSIRO (Contact Person: Dr John Keesing). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Assessment of water column CSMC, Department of Analysis of spatial and temporal trends in water 2015–16 to 2016–17 The study principally makes use of data collected by the CSMC Report to the CSMC and the Department of Water entitled: nitrogen trends in Cockburn Water and CSIRO quality monitoring data from historical data and water quality monitoring program from 1982–82 up to 2013–14, but Spatial and temporal analysis of water quality monitoring Sound relative to existing the development of a nitrogen budget. also draws on the results of previous projects conducted by CSIRO data collected from Cockburn Sound and Warnbro Sound loads, concentrations and to model the spatial variability of submarine ground water flows between 1982/83 and 2013/14, by John Keesing, Jim fluxes into Cockburn Sound and the amount of nitrogen this contributes to Greenwood, Mike Donn and Don McFarlane dated 19 the Sound. February 2016.
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Table 19. Curtin University of Technology (Contact Person: Refer to individual contact details provided in the table). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Contact Person: Office of Research and Development, Research Support – Science and Engineering (ORD‐Support‐[email protected]) Validation of Aging techniques Recreational Fishing This study aimed to use a double staining June 2012–June 2015 Field sites: seagrass beds at the northern end of Cockburn Sound Final report: 2012/002 – Determining the dynamics of WA for Sepioteuthis australis from Initiatives Fund – technique to validate the use of statoliths to age and Parmelia Bank. squid populations through research and recreational fishing Cockburn Sound, Western Recfishwest and the S. australis following the one day – one Frequency of sampling: 16 May 2014–25 May 2015, approximately submitted to Recfishwest and the Department of Fisheries. Australia Department of increment hypothesis. every eight weeks. Fisheries (Project Parameters measured: 44 squid (Sepioteuthis australis) were Number 2012/002) collected by jigging. Squid were cultured at the Curtin Aquatic Research Laboratories. Squid were injected with calcein solution on two occasions to create two fluorescent stained rings in the statolith. The number of growth increments between the stains were counted. Contact Person: Director, Curtin Marine and Coastal Research Network ([email protected]) An assessment of the Curtin University, Assess effectiveness of High Definition camera Two years (2012– Field sites: one field site at the entrance of the Swan Estuary. Paiva E.G., Salgado‐Kent C., Gagnon M.M., Parnum I. and effectiveness of high Fremantle Ports versus live observers to detect the 2015 including MSc Frequency of sampling: continuous during daylight over four months McCauley R. (2015). An assessment of the effectiveness of definition cameras as remote presence/absence of marine mammals travelling thesis writing) Parameters measured: frequency of detection of Indo‐Pacific High Definition Cameras as remote monitoring tools for monitoring tools for dolphin between Swan Estuary and Cockburn Sound. Bottlenose dolphins by cameras. dolphin ecology studies. PLOS ONE. ecology studies http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal .pone.0126165 Reduced detection of Indo‐ Curtin University, Assess if the pile driving required as part of the Two years (2012– Field sites: one field site at the entrance of the Swan Estuary. Paiva E.G., Salgado‐Kent C.P., Gagnon M.M., McCauley R. Pacific bottlenose dolphins Fremantle Ports Fremantle Port expansion interfered with the 2015 including MSc Frequency of sampling: continuous during daylight over four months and Finn H. (2015). Reduced detection of Indo‐Pacific (Tursiops aduncus) in an inner travel of Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphins from thesis writing) Parameters measured: frequency of detection of Indo‐Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in an inner harbour harbour channel during pile Cockburn Sound into the Swan Estuary and out Bottlenose dolphins during pile driving activities as well as during channel during pile driving activities. Aquatic Mammals 41, driving activities again. quiet timeframes. 455–468. http://cmst.curtin.edu.au/wp‐ content/uploads/sites/4/2016/05/paiva_salgado_reduced_ detection_2015.pdf The use of imaging sonar in Tests the efficacy of sonar systems to detect, October 2014–April Three field sites near Point Peron, stereo‐video and imaging sonar None available yet monitoring fish distribution count and monitor fish species and compare how 2016 backscatter. Each site sampled for 30 minutes to one hour, each site and behaviour estimates of individual fish length compare with sampled four times, each time using a different sonar system. those of Stereo‐Baited remote underwater video systems (BRUVs). Ecological patterns and Curtin University 1) Develop appropriate genetic markers for April 2015–April 2019 Tissue sample collection and gut content analysis. Cockburn Sound is evolutionary consequences of select tropical reef fish species known to occur on one site embedded within a network of nine other sites along the latitudinal shifts in tropical temperate reefs along the southwest coast of coast of Western Australia. Most samples were donated by reef fish along the coast of Western Australia. commercial anglers or received via the Department of Fisheries. Western Australia 2) Use these genetic markers to develop a model of connectivity between tropical (source) reefs and temperate (sink) reefs along the coast of Western Australia with novel genomic and analytical approaches. 3) Characterise increasing ecological interactions between vagrant tropical reef fish species and resident temperate fauna owing to climate change. Acoustic whistle repertoire of Self‐funded Honours (one year Field sites: the entrance of the Swan Estuary (the Fremantle Inner Ward R., Parnum I., Erbe C. and Salgado‐Kent C. (2016). bottlenose dolphins project) Harbour). Whistle characteristics of Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphins Frequency of sampling: surveys conducted several times a week over (Tursiops aduncus) in the Fremantle Inner Harbour, two months. Western Australia. Acoustics Australia 44, 159–169. Parameters measured: occurrence, photo‐identification, acoustic recordings, group cohesion, number in dolphin group, behaviours. Curtin Honours thesis Bottlenose dolphin Swan River Trust PhD 3–4 years Field Sites: the entrance of the Swan Estuary (the Fremantle Inner Marley S.A., Erbe C. and Salgado‐Kent C.P. (2016). behavioural ecology in a noisy Harbour), plus other sites in the Swan River (but not considered part Underwater sound in an urban estuarine river: sound environment of Cockburn Sound). sources, soundscape contribution, and temporal variability.
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Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Frequency of sampling: during target survey periods over two years. Acoustics Australia 44, 171–186. Parameters measured: abundance, movement (tracks using a theodolite), underwater soundscape recordings, behaviours. Other papers and PhD thesis in progress Modelling the occurrence of Self‐funded Honours (one year Field Sites: the entrance of the Swan Estuary (the Fremantle Inner Beidatsch, K. Machine learning for species distribution bottlenose dolphins using project) Harbour), plus other sites in the Swan River (but not considered part modelling: An empirical evaluation of a novel method used citizen science observations of Cockburn Sound). with Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphin citizen science Frequency of sampling: weekly observations over five years. observations. Parameters measured: occurrence (presence and absence), environmental parameters acquired, models produced. Curtin Honours thesis Foraging ecology of bottlenose Fremantle Ports Two years Field sites: the entrance of the Swan Estuary (the Fremantle Inner None available yet dolphins Harbour). Frequency of sampling: during target survey periods over two years. Parameters measured: Frequency of detection of Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphins, behaviour, fish prey and distribution using a combination of echosounder surveys and BRUVs. Predicting distribution of Self‐funded To develop techniques for understanding fish PhD 3–4 years Part of Jervoise Bay was surveyed in May 2016 None available yet demersal fish distribution
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Table 20. Department of Fisheries (Contact Person: Dr Shaun Meredith). Research Timeframe/ Undertaken by Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Duration of Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information and Team Project Leader(s) Marine Heatwave off Invertebrate Investigation into the influences of the 2010–2013 Refer to the Reports listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Reports 222, 250 Western Australia Branch – Dr Nick 2011 marine heatwave this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Caputi Implications of Climate Invertebrate Examination of the implications and 2010–2014 Refer to the Report listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Report 261 Change on fisheries in Branch – Dr Nick management issues associated with this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Western Australia Caputi climate change and wild fisheries in Western Australia Innovative Development Mollusc Section – Sustainable development of the octopus 2010–2014 Refer to the Report listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Report 270 of the Octopus Fishery Dr Anthony Hart fishery this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Cockburn Sound Fish Kill Biodiversity and Collection of water column profiles, water December 2015 Water samples for toxic phytoplankton, chemical toxins analysis Report: Fish Kill Incident, Cockburn Sound, Western Australia, December 2015 Biosecurity Branch samples and fish samples to support taken at several locations (refer to Report listed in Additional November–December 2015 available at: – Dr Mike Snow investigation into November–December Information column of this table) http://www.fish.wa.gov.au/Documents/corporate_publications/fish‐ 2015 fish kill kill‐incident‐cockburn‐sound‐2015.pdf 62 physical water column profiles sampled throughout Cockburn Sound (refer to map below) (refer to Report listed in Additional Information column of this table)
Catch and Effort and Gill Crab Section – Work to support move of commercial 1994–1998 Refer to the Reports listed in the additional information column of Fisheries Research Report 113 net conversion for Dr Danielle fishing from gillnets to traps for blue this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Cockburn Sound Johnston swimmer crabs Review of productivity Dr Alan Pearce Review of water quality/chlorophyll a to 2000 Refer to the Reports listed in the additional information column of Fisheries Research Report 123 levels of Western support bivalve culture planning this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Australian Coastal Waters Management and Finfish Branch – Identify aggregations, examine biology, 2004–2007 Refer to the Report listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Report 187 Monitoring of Fish Dr Brett Molony establish monitoring methods and provide this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Spawning Aggregations management recommendations Developing long‐term Crab Section – Gain a better understanding of the 2006–2008 Refer to the Reports listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Report 181 indicators for subtidal Dr Danielle biodiversity and community structure this table for details of methodology and sampling sites communities of Johnston within Cockburn Sound to inform Cockburn Sound development of effective and efficient resource condition targets Introduced Pest survey Marine Survey of introduced marine pests 2007 Refer to the Report listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Report 189 of Swan River Region Biosecurity including Cockburn Sound this table for details of methodology and sampling sites Research and Monitoring
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Research Timeframe/ Undertaken by Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Duration of Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information and Team Project Leader(s) Section – Dr Justin McDonald Preliminary investigation Finfish Branch – Baseline data collection of key finfish and 2009 Refer to the Report listed in the Additional Information column of Fisheries Research Report 186 into Kwinana Quay Dr Corey crab species, and preliminary examination this table for details of methodology and sampling sites development Wakefield of potential impacts Crab Section – Dr Danielle Johnston Perna viridis detection Marine Survey of Asian Green Mussel within 2009 One‐off subtidal survey of infrastructure within Department of Unpublished Report Biosecurity Department of Defence port area at Defence port area for abundance of introduced marine pest species Research and Garden Island Monitoring Section – Dr Justin McDonald
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Table 21. Edith Cowan University (Contact Person: Dr Oscar Serrano). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Carbon cycling and bacterial Edith Cowan University The aim of the research project is to elucidate the 2012–2015 Bacteria, sediment and water samples have been collected from carbon sources in coastal internal funds importance of bacterial communities in carbon seagrass meadows at a range of sites in the southern Cockburn habitats cycling in seagrass meadows (Posidonia sinuosa) Sound. Data are currently being analysed. Coastal Biogeochemistry CSIRO Estimate the carbon sequestration capacity of 2012–2016 Collection of sediment cores (up to 1 m long and 70 mm in These data belong to CSIRO and the full dataset from the Carbon Cluster coastal vegetated ecosystems (seagrass, diameter) in 24 field sites (11 sites in seagrass meadows and 13 project will be published online (in ACEF or TERN) before mangrove and saltmarsh) sites in bare sand but previously vegetated; see Figure 1 below). The the end of 2016 cores were dated (radiocarbon and 210Pb) to determine the age‐ depth relationships; the dry bulk density (g cm‐3), organic and Data from Cockburn Sound have not been published. inorganic carbon content and sediment grain‐size were analysed. Reports/data are not publically available but further details The cores were sampled once and no further sampling is planned. on the results and conclusions obtained could be made available to the CSMC on request
Revealing long‐term Edith Cowan University Use seagrass cores to reconstruct the 2015 One field site, Mangles Bay, 32.2051° S, 115.7242° E Data available through the CSIRO Coastal Carbon ecosystem dynamics using internal funds environmental history of Cockburn Sound, Organic carbon, sediment grain size, stable C and N isotopes, Biogeochemistry Cluster website and links. seagrass archives (Cockburn including effects on blue‐carbon stocks 210Pb Sound, Western Australia) CSIRO Coastal Carbon Five sites northwest of Garden Island: 32°09′35.6″S, Publications: Biogeochemistry 115°40′16.4″E Serrano O., Lavery P.S., Rozaimi M. and Mateo M.A. (2014). Cluster Parameters as above plus radio carbon Influence of water depth on the carbon sequestration capacity of seagrasses . Global Biogeochemical Cycles 28, 950–961. Serrano O., Ricart A.M., Lavery P.S., Mateo M.A., Arias‐Ortiz A., Masque P., Steven A. and Duarte C.M. (2015). Key biogeochemical factors affecting soil carbon storage in
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Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Posidonia meadows. Biogeosciences Discussion 12, 18913– 18944. The impact of range shifts on Edith Cowan University To determine if range shifts of a key herbivorous One year (mid 2015– Siganus fuscescens individuals (12 fish) were obtained from A publication is expected to be submitted in late 2016 the stability of the and Curtin University fish species impacted the gut microbiome mid 2016) with an Cockburn Sound by a commercial fisherman who caught the fish based on data obtained in this study. gastrointestinal microbial interest in expanding using a purse seine on one occasion (February 2016) only. community of the tropical if funding becomes Comparative samples from Siganus fuscescens populations were herbivorous fish Siganus available obtained via researchers from Curtin University and other fuscescens commercial fishermen from other locations along the Western Australian coastline.
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Table 22. LandCorp and Cranford Pty Ltd (Cedar Woods) (Contact Person: Sharon Clark, LandCorp). Research Undertaken Timeframe/ Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information by and Team Leader(s) Duration of Project Mangles Bay Marina seagrass BMT Oceanica, Dr To implement the Mangles Bay Marina Seagrass November–December Four sites in the southern end of Cockburn Sound were selected Report: Mangles Bay Marina: Seagrass Transplant Pilot transplant Pilot Study 2015 David Rivers and Dr Transplant Pilot Study (required by Condition 11‐ 2015 for seagrass transplanting pilot study with four replicate plots at Study 2015 Summary Report (BMT Oceanica 2015). This Karen Hoefhamer 5(1) of Ministerial Statement No. 974) including: each site (refer to map below). Each plot was transplanted with report is not currently publicly available. selecting suitable transplant areas; 61 seagrass sprigs (sections of rhizome with leaves attached), with undertaking harvesting and transplanting of nine sprigs in each plot measured for rhizome length. Please note there are confidentiality issues associated with seagrass; and releasing the locations of the selected pilot study sites at set up donor meadow recovery study. The donor meadow study was set up at two sites with shoot this time. A map showing indicative pilot study locations density measured at 10 quadrats per site. has been provided.
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Table 23. Murdoch University (Contact Details: [email protected]). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project The development of Project led by To investigate the genetic implications of Project commenced Research was conducted in Cockburn Sound and Fremantle No Intellectual Property issues are associated with this techniques for the collection Challenger Institute of culturing Australasian Snapper (Chrysophrys 02/03/2015 project of fertilised eggs from Technology auratus) from wild‐caught eggs. Cockburn Sound snapper Project completed Thesis: Prokop N. (2015). Genetic implications of culturing spawning aggregations and Murdoch University Development of techniques to collect and 30/11/2015 Australasian Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) from wild‐ culture of snapper juveniles to side led by Dr Jennifer identify fertilised eggs of snapper from caught eggs. Honours Thesis, Murdoch University release for enhancement Chaplin Cockburn Sound during the species spawning aggregations. Report: Prokop N. and Chaplin J. (2016). Genetic Funded by Recfishwest If successful, the proponents will culture the implications of culturing Australasian Snapper (Chrysophrys fertilised eggs that are captured and test the auratus) from wild‐ caught eggs. Final Report to the genetic diversity of the offspring. Australian Centre for Applied Aquaculture Research, If approval to release the cultured juveniles Murdoch University can be acquired, then marked juvenile snapper will be released into the Cockburn Sound snapper nursery areas.
If successful then this project will enable a cost‐ effective method to replenish snapper stocks when required. Monitoring seagrass Research led by Small consultancy agreement to undertake shoot Project commenced Field counts, working from a small boat to count shoots of seagrass Report: Monitoring of seagrass transplants into mooring transplants in Mangles Bay, Murdoch University, counts of seagrasses planted as a pilot study 18 04/03/2013 in Mangles Bay, Cockburn Sound scars in Mangles Bay, southern Cockburn Sound, March Cockburn Sound lead investigator Dr months prior to commencement 2013, van Keulen (2013) available on request from Michael Van Keulen Project completed [email protected] 11/03/2013 Funded by Cockburn Sound Management Council Population biology of the Murdoch University Project to investigate the biology and Study commenced Field sampling and tracking of sand dollars in Cockburn Sound PhD project supervised by Murdoch University and sand dollar, Peronella PhD project by ecology of the pink sand dollar, Peronella in 2009 CSIRO; student received WAMSI top‐up funding lesueuri, in Cockburn Sharon Yeo Sue‐Yee; leseuri in Cockburn Sound Sound, southwest Australia Principal Supervisor Thesis submitted in Dr Mike van Keulen 2013; conferred in and Associate 2015 Supervisor Dr John Keesing (CSIRO) The ecophysiological effects Murdoch University Project examining seagrass and epiphyte Study undertaken Field sampling of seagrasses at Garden Island and Woodman of ocean acidification on Honours project by physiological responses to ocean in 2014 Point; laboratory experiments on seagrasses collected from the seagrass Posidonia Kirsten Ball, acidification Cockburn Sound australis and their calcifying supervised by Dr epiphytes. A study using Mike Van Keulen and pulse amplitude modulated Dr Navid Moheimani fluorometry.
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Table 24. University of Western Australia (Contact Person: Refer to individual contact details provided in the table). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Contact Person: Professor Gary Kendrick, Dr Siegy Krauss (Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority), Dr Elizabeth Sinclair Genetic and Ecological ARC Linkage Project To assess the connectivity of meadows within Current program Eight sites within Cockburn Sound plus five outside the Sound There have been a few research publications (see details Connectivity of the seagrass 100200429, BMT and outside of Cockburn Sound to manage loss 2010–2013 (wish to (refer to map below): below) on this subject and reports to industry partners. Posidonia australis Oceanica, Cockburn and plant sourcing in restoration. continue in limited Cement, Shark Bay Salt fashion around Publications: Pty Ltd students) Ruiz‐Montoya L. and Lowe R.J. (2014). Summer circulation dynamics within the Perth coastal waters of southwestern Australia. Continental Shelf Research 77, 81–95. Ruiz‐Montoya R.J., Lowe R.J., Van Niel K.P. and Kendrick G.A. (2012). The role of hydrodynamics on seed dispersal in seagrasses. Limnology and Oceanography 57, 1257–1265. Ruiz‐Montoya R.J., Lowe R.J. and Kendrick G.A. (2015). Contemporary connectivity is sustained by wind‐ and current‐driven seed dispersal among seagrass meadows. Movement Ecology 3–9.
Measurements: genetic and genotypic diversity, mating system and pollen transport, and seed transport and genetic diversity. Standardised methodology consists of collection of plant seeds and seedlings, microsatellite analysis, F‐statistic (FST; a measure of genetic differentiation) and other genetic analyses. Undertaken throughout the year depending on the flowering and seed set and recruitment of seeds. Contact Person: Matthew Fraser, Dr John Statton, Professor Gary Kendrick Overcoming critical ARC Linkage Project Goal is to apply a demographic approach, 2013–2016 Eight field locations with three sites within each location (refer Annual reporting is provided to the ARC, BMT Oceanica and recruitment bottlenecks 130100155; Shark Bay adapted from terrestrial models of seed‐based to map below). Shark Bay Salt Pty Ltd which are all publicly available. limiting seedling Salt Pty Ltd; BMT restoration, to seagrasses. The expected outcome Measured seedling survival; fauna abundance in 5 m x 1 m establishment in degraded Oceanica (on behalf of is to identify those early life‐stage transitions transects (three times at each site) and hydrodynamics using Research publications are pending but will be available seagrass ecosystems: a Cockburn Cement); most limiting to seedling establishment for Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADVs). through journal publishers. systems approach to Botanic Gardens and targeted management options. restoration Parks Authority
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Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project
Drivers of seagrass decline in Department of To identify the drivers of continued seagrass 2015 12 sites (four in Warnbro Sound, four in Cockburn Report: Drivers of seagrass decline in Cockburn and Cockburn and Warnbro Environment decline in Cockburn and Warnbro Sounds, with a Sound/Woodman Point and four around Garden Island). Warnbro Sounds, Fraser et al. (2015) available on the CSMC Sounds Regulation (research focus on the belowground stressors on seagrass Measurements included seagrass shoot density, biomass and website. undertaken by the meadows, specifically sulfide intrusion from productivity, total sulfur, delta 34sulfur (34S) isotope ratios (an University of Western sediments and sediment contaminants (metals). indicator of seagrass stress), Carbon‐Nitrogen‐Phosphorus (CNP) Australia; Mr Matthew content, metals concentration; water quality (photosynthetically Fraser, Professor Gary active radiation, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature) Kendrick) and sediment characteristics (organic matter, metal content). Light loggers and Conductivity‐Temperature –Depth (CTDs) instruments deployed for one month. Belowground drivers of Fremantle Ports To identify potential drivers of seagrass loss 2016–2017 Sites to be determined in consultation with Fremantle Ports. More precise details regarding sampling sites can be seagrass decline in Cockburn (research undertaken across Cockburn Sound, with emphasis on how Seagrass and sediment samples will be collected from selected provided after finalising experimental design. Sound by University of different environmental conditions impact sites and transported back to the University of Western Australia Western Australia; Mr sediment sulfur cycling, microbial communities, for experimental work. This experimental work will take place at Report to be provided to Fremantle Ports after completion Matthew Fraser, and seagrass internal aeration. the Seagrass Research Facility – a controlled tank facility at the of project. Professor Gary University of Western Australia that allows the manipulation of Kendrick) key environmental conditions such as temperature, light and water flow. Experimental work will involve investigating major drivers on seagrass sulfur and oxygen content, and sediment microbial communities, as key environmental conditions are manipulated in controlled tank system. Investigating seagrass dieback Department of Defence To develop an understanding of rapid seagrass 2016–2018 Work has already been done to measure in‐situ oxygen First report to be submitted to Department of Defence in at Garden Island through Aurecon die‐off, and the role of biological oxygen demand concentrations in rhizomes of seagrasses growing in shallow June 2016; annual reports due thereafter. (research undertaken and sulfides. This will allow for the development areas off Garden Island. This fieldwork will be expanded in by University of of a fast response toolkit to be developed to November 2016, where experiments at additional sites will be Workshop and presentation to the Department of Defence Western Australia; Mr assess and combat large scale ecosystem shifts. set up to determine in‐situ seagrass oxygen concentrations and also planned to communicate findings of research. Matthew Fraser, Overall, this project will aid the Department of the role of anoxia in seagrass declines. Professor Gary Defence in management of seagrass meadows Research coupled with fine scale hydrodynamic measurements Kendrick) surrounding Garden Island. (led by Professor Ryan Lowe).
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Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Contact Person: Professor Chari Pattiaratchi Ocean Forecasts for West University of Western To provide atmospheric and ocean forecasts for Ongoing Provided at http://coastaloceanography.org/ Data available publicly through website: Coast of Western Australia Australia the west coast of Western Australia. A nested Atmospheric variables (winds, pressure, rainfall, stability) http://coastaloceanography.org/ including high resolution data high resolution model (500 m) is utilised for the Ocean variables (currents, temperature, salinity in three for Cockburn Sound Perth Metropolitan Region. dimensions)
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Table 25. University of Western Australia/Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority (Contact Person: Professor Gary Kendrick, Dr Siegy Krauss, Dr Elizabeth Sinclair). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project Ecological and genetic ARC Linkage grant Quantify genetic connectivity among August 2013–July Sampled and genotyped 13 meadows within Perth metropolitan Genetic data contributed to development of best connectivity in seagrasses: the (LP130100918) meadows through pollen (dispersal within 2016 waters, eight of which were within Cockburn Sound. Genetic analysis practice restoration guidelines for Posidonia role of sexual reproduction, the water column) and seeds (floating fruit of meadows within Cockburn Sound showed a strong isolation by seagrasses (BMT Oceanica 2013 Seagrass Transplant dispersal and recruitment on Industry partner: dispersal on the water surface) by the use of distance relationship (Sinclair et al. 2014a). A mating system study at Guidelines). meadow restoration Botanic Gardens and molecular markers and population genetic two of these sites showed all seeds were produced as a result of Parks Authority, assignment procedures, over multiple years. outcrossing, thus pollen is being mixed (Sinclair et al. 2014b). A See reference list below for publications. Western Australia Quantify natural recruitment rates, success hydrodynamic model has been developed for the region (Ruiz‐ and growth in established meadows and Montoya et al. 2012, 2015). Currently analysing genetic data for open sandy substrate. floating seed collections and seedling recruits over two consecutive Integrate ecological and genetic data with a years in conjunction with this model and other ecological data. recently developed hydrodynamic model to infer the demographic consequences of dispersal for improved restoration practice and outcomes.
PUBLICATIONS: Kendrick G.A., Orth R.J., Statton J., Hovey R., Ruiz‐Montoya L., Lowe R., Krauss S.L. and Sinclair E.A. (2016). Demographic and genetic connectivity among seagrass meadows: the role and consequences of reproduction, dispersal and recruitment in seagrasses. Biological Reviews doi: 10.1111/brv.12261. Ruiz‐Montoya L., Lowe R.J. and Kendrick G.A. (2015). Contemporary connectivity is sustained by wind and current‐driven seed dispersal among seagrass meadows. Movement Ecology 3: 9. Ruiz‐Montoya L. and Lowe R.J. (2014). Summer circulation dynamics within the Perth coastal waters of southwestern Australia. Continental Shelf Research 77, 81–95. Sinclair E.A., Krauss S.L., Anthony J., Hovey R. and Kendrick G.A. (2014a). The interaction of environment and genetic diversity within meadows of the seagrass Posidonia australis (Posidoniaceae). Marine Ecology Progress Series 50, 87–98. Sinclair E.A., Gecan I., Krauss S.L. and Kendrick G.A. (2014b). Against the odds: complete outcrossing in a monoecious clonal seagrass Posidonia australis (Posidoniaceae). Annals of Botany 113, 1185–1196. Sinclair E.A., Verduin J., Krauss S.L., Hardinge J., Anthony J. and Kendrick G.A. (2013). A genetic assessment of a successful Seagrass meadow (Posidonia australis) restoration trial. Ecological Management and Restoration 14, 68–71. Ruiz‐Montoya L., Lowe R.J., Van Niel K.P. and Kendrick G.A. (2012). The role of hydrodynamics on seed dispersal in seagrasses. Limnology and Oceanography 57, 1257–1265. Kendrick G.A., Waycott M., Carruthers T., Cambridge M., Hovey R., Krauss S.L., Lavery P., Les D., Lowe R.J., Mascaró O., Ooi Lean Sim J., Orth R.J., Rivers D., Ruiz‐Montoya L., Sinclair E.A., Statton J., van Dijk K. and Verduin J. (2012). The central role of dispersal in the maintenance and persistence of seagrass populations. BioScience 62, 56–65. Sinclair E.A., Anthony J.M., Coupland G.T., Waycott M., Barrett M.D., Barrett R.L., Cambridge M.L., Wallace M.J., Dixon K.W., Krauss S.L. and Kendrick G.A. (2009). Characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite markers in the widespread Australian seagrass, Posidonia australis Hook. f. (Posidoniaceae), with cross‐amplification in the sympatric P. sinuosa. Conservation Genetics Resources 1, 273–276.
OTHER ARTICLES: Sinclair E.A. (2014). Sexual promiscuity in the shallows. For People and Plants Summer, 27–30. Verduin J.J. and Sinclair E.A. (2013). Seagrass meadow restoration trial using transplants – Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. http://site.emrprojectsummaries.org/2013/03/08/seagrass‐meadow‐restoration‐trial‐using‐transplants‐cockburn‐sound‐western‐australia/ Sinclair E.A. (2012). Dispersal on the high seas ‐ the ecological genetics of seagrass seed dispersal. For People and Plants Autumn, 20–22. Sinclair E.A. (2009). Restoration genetics of seagrass meadows. For People and Plants Summer, 20–21.
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Table 26. Water Corporation (Contact Person: Laura Chidgzey). Research Undertaken Timeframe/ Research Project Title Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information by and Team Leader(s) Duration of Project Assessing and Mitigating The National Centre of This study addresses the impact of hypersaline Commenced in 2012 Water Corporation has provided significant in‐kind support to this The final report is available from NCEDA at: Environmental Impacts of Excellence in discharge from seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) research project. Operational data provided includes intake http://desalination.edu.au/wp‐ SWRO Outfalls on Key Benthic Desalination Australia plants on recipient marine ecosystems. The study seawater quality and outfall water quality datasets. Seawater and content/uploads/2016/07/NCEDA‐Final‐Report‐Project‐No.‐ Marine Organisms (NCEDA) has funded will identify critical thresholds for key marine brine discharge samples have been collected and provided to 08699‐MONDON.pdf the project. The species to the physical and chemical researchers. Footage and stills from the Perth Seawater research is being characteristics of desalination waste brine Desalination Plant marine infrastructure annual inspection has also undertaken by The discharge, identify biomarkers of exposure and been provided to the researchers (see below). University of Western effect, and develop bio‐monitoring tools for Australia and Deakin currently operating and planned desalination University (Principal plants to measure and mitigate environmental Investigator – Dr Julie impacts. The principal objective is to develop a Mondon of Deakin detailed understanding of tolerances of marine University). species to brine discharge in the vicinity of SWRO outfalls to mitigate environmental impacts and contribute to bio‐monitoring tools. 2013 Benthic Survey Consultancy – Oceanica Water Corporation's environmental management Benthic surveys to Broad spatial sampling at 77 sites in the deep basins (>17 m) of Reports are available on request from the Water commitments for the desalination plant date include one pre‐ Cockburn Sound. The repeat surveys included a re‐sampling of a Corporation (Ministerial Statement Number 655, Minister for commissioning subset of 41 of the baseline sites, plus an additional five sites in the the Environment 2004) include the development baseline survey central‐west basin (46 total sites). and implementation of a Water Quality (March 2006) and Management Plan. This Plan includes a two post‐ In combination, the baseline, 2008 and 2013 surveys highlight the requirement to undertake monitoring of the commissioning natural spatial and temporal variation in benthic macrofauna sediment habitat pre and post‐commissioning of repeat surveys communities in Cockburn Sound. As there was no evidence of the desalination plant. (March 2008, March impact from operation of the desalination plant, these surveys The objective of the 2006 baseline survey was to 2013) effectively constitute three years of reference data for benthic determine the spatial extent and patterns of macrofauna communities in Cockburn Sound. benthic infauna and epibenthic fauna communities in Cockburn Sound. The objective of the 2008 and 2013 repeat surveys was to determine whether operation of the desalination plant had adversely impacted benthic macrofauna communities. Annual Inspection and Clean Contractor – Fremantle To assess the integrity of the intake and outfall Annually An annual visual assessment of the Perth Seawater Desalination A report and footage of the inspection is available on of the Perth Seawater Commercial Diving infrastructure and undertake cleaning of the Plant’s marine infrastructure is undertaken by marine divers. If request from the Water Corporation Desalination Plant’s Intake intake tower and 40 port diffusers to remove required, the top 10–15 cm of each diffuser is cleared of marine and Outfall Infrastructure marine growth that may impact performance. growth to ensure performance remains optimal.
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Table 27. Western Australian Museum (Contact Person: Diana Jones). Timeframe/ Research Project Title Research Supported By Objective/Purpose of Research Program Summary Details of the Research Program Additional Information Duration of Project In situ preservation studies of Western Australian Test multiple techniques for long‐term Ongoing since early Numerous visits since the start of the project Work conducted mainly under the guidance of the Material the James Matthews Museum stabilisation and preservation in situ of the 2000 Conservation condition measurement undertaken Conservation Department of the Western Australian shipwreck remains of the 1841 James Matthews shipwreck. Protection measure installed and monitored Museum, producing numerous scientific publications. Remote sensing and metal Western Australian Attempt to locate the resting place of cannons October 2013 and Two visits to the site Currently at planning stage for further work to be detection survey of the Museum from the Rockingham which were thrown November 2015 Remote sensing and metal detector survey conducted conducted. Rockingham cannons overboard in 1830 before the ship went aground Anomaly identified needing ground‐truthing action on Garden Island. Inspection and condition Western Australian Provide condition information of the Redemptora March 2014 and June One inspection survey conducted Report: Anderson R., Bigourdan N. and Souter C. (2014). survey of the Redemptora Museum shipwreck site in preparation for a coastal 2016 One condition survey to be implemented Wreck Inspection Report Redemptora (1853‐1898), Report shipwreck development around the AME shipbuilding site. Recommendation from condition report of the Department of Maritime Archaeology, Western Australian Museum No. 308. 3D recording of the Omeo Maritime Archaeology Undertake a three‐dimensional (3D) August 2014–April 12 visits to the site Article submitted for publication in April 2016 to the shipwreck Association of Western photogrammetry survey of a large section of the 2015 Over 100,000 images collected and processed Bulletin of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Australia and the historic Omeo shipwreck for research and 3D model produced Archaeology. Western Australian outreach purposes. Museum Coogee Maritime Trail, around City of Cockburn, Develop the conditions to create a maritime and Ongoing since Funds recently allocated Press release, website, video and social media post to be the shipwreck of the Omeo Western Australian underwater shipwreck trail around the Omeo, January 2015 Design of the trail conducted conducted within the next few months. Museum, Murdoch Western Australia’s premier beach‐side Operational installation to occur before summer 2016 University Divers and shipwreck spot. Perth Region NRM 3D Recording of the Robb Maritime Archaeology Undertake a three‐dimensional (3D) March 2015 Two visits to the site Article submitted for publication in April 2016 to the Jetty Association of Western photogrammetry survey of a large section of the Over 10,000 images collected and processed Bulletin of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Australia and the historic Robb Jetty for research and outreach 3D model produced Archaeology. Western Australian purposes. Museum Addendum Overview of past (historic) Western Australian Overview of a project by the WA Naturalists Club 1950s–1960s, and Project was initiated by Dr Barry Wilson and George Kendrick, Display being prepared for a retrospective Wildlife Show in marine research in Cockburn Museum; Emeritus that conducted research in Cockburn Sound in 1970s Western Australian Museum (1950s–1960s) and a resurvey under‐ the Perth Town Hall (late June‐July 2016) and requested by Sound Curator Loisette Marsh the 1950s to 1960s, and a resurvey in the 1970s taken in the 1970s by Dr Fred Wells, Western Australian Museum. the Perth City Council, featuring some highlights of the and Research Associate by the Western Australian Museum. Results were presented to the Environmental Protection Authority research. Shirley Slack‐Smith in an unpublished report (1978).
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Appendix 1: Agencies and Organisations Contacted for Information
Cockburn Sound Management Council Department of Environment Regulation Department of Fisheries Department of Water Department of Health City of Cockburn City of Rockingham City of Kwinana Department of Defence Water Corporation Fremantle Ports Kwinana Industries Council Western Australian Fishing Industry Council Recfishwest Conservation Council of WA Department of Parks and Wildlife Office of the EPA Department of Transport Department of Planning Department of Mines and Petroleum LandCorp University of Western Australia Murdoch University Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University University of Notre Dame CSIRO Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority The Western Australian Museum Aquaculture Council of Western Australia Australian Centre for Applied Aquaculture Research, South Metropolitan TAFE
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